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In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 3 is a family of glycoside hydrolases. Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of over 100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.
Glucanases are enzymes that break down large polysaccharides via hydrolysis. The product of the hydrolysis reaction is called a glucan, a linear polysaccharide made of up to 1200 glucose monomers, held together with glycosidic bonds. Glucans are abundant in the endosperm cell walls of cereals such as barley, rye, sorghum, rice, and wheat. Glucanases are also referred to as lichenases, hydrolases, glycosidases, glycosyl hydrolases, and/or laminarinases. Many types of glucanases share similar amino acid sequences but vastly different substrates. Of the known endo-glucanases, 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase is considered the most active.
References
- ↑ Campbell JA, Davies GJ, Bulone V, Henrissat B (September 1997). "A classification of nucleotide-diphospho-sugar glycosyltransferases based on amino acid sequence similarities". Biochem. J. 326 (3): 929–39. doi:10.1042/bj3260929u. PMC 1218753 . PMID 9334165.
- ↑ Karnezis T, Epa VC, Stone BA, Stanisich VA (2003). "Topological characterization of an inner membrane (1→3)-beta-D-glucan (curdlan) synthase from Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC31749". Glycobiology. 13 (10): 693–706. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwg093 . PMID 12851288.
- ↑ Mio T, Adachi-Shimizu M, Tachibana Y, Tabuchi H, Inoue SB, Yabe T, Yamada-Okabe T, Arisawa M, Watanabe T, Yamada-Okabe H (July 1997). "Cloning of the Candida albicans homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae GSC1/FKS1 and its involvement in beta-1,3-glucan synthesis". J. Bacteriol. 179 (13): 4096–105. doi:10.1128/jb.179.13.4096-4105.1997. PMC 179227 . PMID 9209021.
