1110

This article is about the year 1110. For the mobile phone, see Nokia 1110.

1110 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1110 MCX
Ab urbe condita	1863
Armenian calendar	559 ԹՎ ՇԾԹ
Assyrian calendar	5860
Balinese saka calendar	1031–1032
Bengali calendar	516–517
Berber calendar	2060
English Regnal year	10  Hen. 1  – 11  Hen. 1
Buddhist calendar	1654
Burmese calendar	472
Byzantine calendar	6618–6619
Chinese calendar	己丑年 (Earth  Ox) 3807 or 3600     — to — 庚寅年 (Metal  Tiger) 3808 or 3601
Coptic calendar	826–827
Discordian calendar	2276
Ethiopian calendar	1102–1103
Hebrew calendar	4870–4871
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1166–1167
- Shaka Samvat	1031–1032
- Kali Yuga	4210–4211
Holocene calendar	11110
Igbo calendar	110–111
Iranian calendar	488–489
Islamic calendar	503–504
Japanese calendar	Tennin 3 / Ten'ei 1 (天永元年)
Javanese calendar	1015–1016
Julian calendar	1110 MCX
Korean calendar	3443
Minguo calendar	802 before ROC 民前802年
Nanakshahi calendar	−358
Seleucid era	1421/1422 AG
Thai solar calendar	1652–1653
Tibetan calendar	ས་མོ་གླང་ལོ་ (female Earth-Ox) 1236 or 855 or 83     — to — ལྕགས་ཕོ་སྟག་ལོ་ (male Iron-Tiger) 1237 or 856 or 84

Henry V, King of Germany, marries Matilda of England

Year 1110 ( MCX ) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By date

• May 5: Lunar eclipse, in which the moon becomes totally dark (according to the Peterborough Chronicle ), due to an earlier volcanic eruption putting aerosols into the upper atmosphere of the earth, thus cutting off the earthlight. ^[1]

By place

Asia

• Second Chola invasion of Kalinga.

Levant

• Spring – Mawdud ibn Altuntash, Turkic ruler ( atabeg ) of Mosul, leads an expedition to capture the territories of the Crusaders (belonging to the County of Edessa) east of the river Euphrates. He besieges the fortress city of Edessa, but is forced to retreat when King Baldwin I of Jerusalem (with the support of Armenian forces sent by Kogh Vasil) intervenes with a Crusader relief force. ^[2]
• February–May – Crusaders under Baldwin I besiege Beirut. Genoese and Pisan ships blockade the harbour; Fatimid ships from Tyre and Sidon try in vain to break the blockade. The Fatimid governor flees by night through the Italian fleet to Cyprus. On May 13, Baldwin captures the city by assault and the Italians carry out a massacre among the inhabitants. ^[3]
• October–December – Crusaders under Baldwin I (supported by King Sigurd I) besiege Sidon. Norwegian ships blockade the harbour, but are nearly dispersed by a powerful Fatimid flotilla from Tyre. They are saved by the arrival of a Venetian squadron under Doge Ordelafo Faliero. On December 4, the city capitulates (under notable terms) to Baldwin. ^[4]
• December – Tancred, Italo-Norman prince of Galilee, brings the Crusader castle Krak des Chevaliers in Syria under his control. He remains regent of the Principality of Antioch in the name of his cousin Bohemond II.

Europe

• Henry V, King of Germany, invades Italy with a large army and concludes an agreement with Pope Paschal II at Sutri. Henry renounces the right of investiture (a dispute with the former Henry IV). In return, Paschal promises to crown him emperor and to restore to the Holy Roman Empire all the lands given to the German church (since the time of Charlemagne). ^[5]
• July 25 – Henry V marries 8-year-old Matilda (daughter of King Henry I of England). She is crowned Queen of the Romans in a ceremony at Mainz. After the betrothal Matilda is placed into custody of Bruno, archbishop of Trier, who is tasked with educating her in German culture, manners and government. ^[6]
• The dukedom of Bohemia is secured for Vladislaus I following the death of Svatopluk ("the Lion") who is assassinated. Vladislaus receives support from Henry V and will rule until 1125.
• Almoravid forces under Sultan Ali ibn Yusuf occupy Zaragoza (modern Spain), bringing all of Andalusia's Muslim states under Almoravid control.

England

• King Henry I has improvements made at Windsor Castle, including a chapel, so that he can use the castle as his formal residence.

By topic

Literature

• The Rus' Primary Chronicle is completed. The work is considered to be a fundamental source in the history of the East Slavs. ^[7]
• Approximate date of composition of Jayamkondar's Kalingattuparani , a Tamil epic celebrating the victory of Kulottunga Chola I over the Kalinga king Anantavarman Chodaganga in the Chola invasion of Kalinga that takes place around this year.

Religion

• Construction begins on Fontevraud Abbey in the French duchy of Anjou.

Births

• Aelred of Rievaulx, English Cistercian monk and abbot (d. 1167)
• Abraham ben Isaac of Narbonne, Jewish rabbi and writer (approximate date)
• Abraham ibn Daud, Jewish astronomer and historian (d. 1180)
• Walter fitz Alan, Scottish High Steward (approximate date)
• Clarembald of Arras, French theologian and writer (d. 1187)
• Diarmait Mac Murchada, Irish king of Leinster (d. 1171)
• Düsum Khyenpa, Tibetan spiritual leader ( karmapa ) (d. 1193)
• Odo of Deuil (or Eudes), French abbot and historian (d. 1162)
• Gertrude of Sulzbach, German queen (approximate date)
• Gilbert Foliot, English abbot and bishop (approximate date)
• Hodierna of Jerusalem, countess of Tripoli (approximate date)
• Iorwerth Goch ap Maredudd, Welsh prince (approximate date)
• John Tzetzes, Byzantine grammarian (approximate date)
• Kirik the Novgorodian, Russian monk and chronicler (d. 1156)
• Lhachen Naglug, Indian ruler of Ladakh (approximate date)
• Liu Wansu, Chinese physician of the Jin dynasty (d. 1200)
• Odo de St Amand (or Eudes), French Grand Master of the Knights Templar (d. 1179)
• Phagmo Drupa Dorje Gyalpo, Tibetan Buddhist monk (d. 1170)
• Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall (d. 1175)
• Robert of Torigni, Norman monk and abbot (d. 1186)
• Rohese de Vere, countess of Essex (approximate date)
• Rostislav I, Grand Prince of Kiev (approximate date)
• Vladislaus II (or Vladislav), king of Bohemia (d. 1174)
• William III ("the Child"), count of Burgundy (d. 1127)

Deaths

• July 10 – Elias I, Count of Maine (de Baugency), French nobleman
• November 12 – Gebhard III, bishop of Constance
• Lhachen Utpala, Indian king of Ladakh (b. 1080)
• Li Jie, Chinese writer of the Song dynasty (b. 1065)
• Richard of Hauteville, Italo-Norman nobleman
• Robert Scalio of Hauteville, Italo-Norman nobleman
• Thiofrid, Benedictine abbot of Echternach
• Vijayabahu I, Sri Lankan king of Polonnaruwa
• William Bona Anima, archbishop of Rouen

References

1. Sébastien Guillet; et al. (April 21, 2020). "Climatic and societal impacts of a "forgotten" cluster of volcanic eruptions in 1108-1110 CE". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 6715. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10.6715G. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63339-3. PMC   7174372 . PMID   32317759.
2. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 93. ISBN   978-0-241-29876-3.
3. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 74. ISBN   978-0-241-29876-3.
4. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, pp. 74–75. ISBN   978-0-241-29876-3.
5. Comyn, Robert (1851). History of the Western Empire, from its Restoration by Charlemagne to the Accession of Charles V. Vol I.
6. Chibnall, Marjorie (1991). Matilda of England (1102–1167), Empress, Consort of Henry V. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, retrieved 22 December 2013.
7. Struk, Danylo Husar (1993). Encyclopedia of Ukraine: Volume IV: Ph-Sr. University of Toronto Press. p. 522. ISBN   9781442651265.