1933 in literature

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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1933.

Events

• February – Having joined the Japanese Communist Party, the Chinese novelist Hu Feng is arrested and "badly beaten" in Tokyo for his protests against imperialism. Returning to the Republic of China as a popular hero, he is nevertheless prevented from joining the Chinese Communist Party by a rival, Zhou Yang. ^[1]
• February 17 – The magazine News-Week is published for the first time in New York.
• March 8 – Première of Federico García Lorca's play Blood Wedding (Bodas de Sangre) is held at the Teatro Beatriz in Madrid.
• April 23 – Millosh Gjergj Nikolla is appointed schoolteacher among the Serbs of Vraka, Kingdom of Albania. The next two years bring his creative period as a short story writer, describing his sense of despair at being isolated in a backward region. ^[2]

Book burning in the Opernplatz, Berlin, May 11, 1933

• May – Nazi book burnings take place in Germany by the German Student Union, principally of works by Jewish intellectuals, leading to an Exilliteratur . Although his novels are spared (unlike those of his brother Heinrich Mann), Thomas Mann settles in Switzerland. Lion Feuchtwanger, on a lecture tour of the United States in January, has decided not to return to Germany; Bertolt Brecht has moved to Prague in February; and Alfred Döblin to Switzerland in March.
• May 16–17 – In the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin orders the NKVD to "preserve but isolate" Osip Mandelstam, after having been informed of the "Stalin Epigram"; Mandelstam is then arrested. A protest by literary figures, including Anna Akhmatova and Boris Pasternak, prompts Stalin to declare that he might "review the case" (he never will). His admiration for Pasternak as a poetic genius is strengthened when the latter asks for a private meeting to discuss "life and death" — although he never grants it, he instructs the NKVD to "leave that cloud-dweller [Pasternak] alone". ^[3]
• June
  • W. H. Auden has his "Vision of Agape". ^[4]
  • Robert Walser, under treatment for schizophrenia since 1929, is placed in a sanatorium in Herisau, Switzerland. This ends his work as a writer, though he will live until 1956. ^[5]
• July – Poedjangga Baroe , the Indonesian avant-garde literary magazine, is first published, by Armijn Pane, Amir Hamzah and Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana.
• October (approximate) – The name Inklings, previously used by a disbanded undergraduate group, is taken by an informal literary discussion group of University of Oxford academics, including C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien. ^[6]
• October 8 – The General Union of Roma in Romania is set up by writer Gheorghe A. Lăzăreanu-Lăzurică, with Grigoraș Dinicu as honorary president; by 1934, it publishes the Romani-language newspaper O Ròm, and books of Romani mythology, edited by Constantin S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor. ^[7]
• November 7 – Premiere of Samuil Lehtțir's Biruința (Victory), at Tiraspol's State Theater; it is the first local play to have been produced within the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. ^[8]
• December
  • Codex Sinaiticus sold by the Soviet Union to the British Museum Library through the agency of Maggs Bros Ltd at a price of £100,000, the highest ever paid for a book at this time.
  • Raymond Chandler's first short story, the detective fiction "Blackmailers Don't Shoot", is published in the magazine Black Mask in the United States.
• December 6 – In United States v. One Book Called Ulysses , U.S. District Judge John M. Woolsey rules that James Joyce's novel Ulysses is not as a whole pornographic and therefore cannot not be obscene. ^[9]

New books

Fiction

• Hervey Allen – Anthony Adverse
• Jorge Amado – Cacau (Cacao)
• Edwin Balmer and Philip Wylie – When Worlds Collide
• Marjorie Bowen – Album Leaf ^[10]
• Edgar Rice Burroughs – Tarzan and the City of Gold
• Dino Buzzati – Bàrnabo delle montagne
• Erskine Caldwell – God's Little Acre
• John Dickson Carr – The Mad Hatter Mystery
• Leslie Charteris – Once More the Saint (also The Saint and Mr. Teal)
• Agatha Christie
  • The Hound of Death
  • Lord Edgware Dies
• J.J. Connington – Tom Tiddler's Island
• Freeman Wills Crofts – The Hog's Back Mystery
• A. J. Cronin – Grand Canary ^[11]
• Warwick Deeping – Two Black Sheep
• Mircea Eliade – Bengal Nights (Mayitreyi)
• Guy Endore – The Werewolf of Paris
• Susan Ertz – The Proselyte ^[12]
• Miles Franklin – Bring the Monkey
• Zona Gale – Papa La Fleur
• John Galsworthy – One More River
• Erle Stanley Gardner – The Case of the Sulky Girl
• Matila Ghyka – Pluie d'étoiles
• Anthony Gilbert
  • Death in Fancy Dress
  • The Musical Comedy Crime
  • Portrait of a Murderer
• Walter Greenwood – Love on the Dole
• Dashiell Hammett
  • The Thin Man
  • Woman In The Dark
• Ernest Hemingway – Winner Take Nothing
• Robert Hichens – The Paradine Case ^[13]
• James Hilton
  • Knight Without Armour
  • Lost Horizon
• Volter Kilpi – Alastalon salissa (In the Parlour at Alastalo)
• Ronald Knox – The Body in the Silo
• Pär Lagerkvist – Bödeln (The Hangman; novella)
• Alexander Lernet-Holenia – I Was Jack Mortimer
• E. C. R. Lorac
  • The Case of Colonel Marchand
  • Death on the Oxford Road
• Arthur Machen – The Green Round
• Compton Mackenzie – Water on the Brain
• Claude McKay – Banana Bottom
• André Malraux – Man's Fate (La Condition humaine)
• Caroline Pafford Miller – Lamb in His Bosom
• A. A. Milne – Four Days' Wonder
• Camil Petrescu – Patul lui Procust (The Bed of Procrustes)
• E. R. Punshon – Information Received
• Ellery Queen
  • The American Gun Mystery
  • The Siamese Twin Mystery
• Raymond Queneau – Le Chiendent
• Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings – South Moon Under
• E. Arnot Robertson – Ordinary Families
• Profira Sadoveanu – Mormolocul (Tadopole)
• Dorothy L. Sayers
  • Hangman's Holiday (short stories)
  • Murder Must Advertise
• Bruno Schulz – The Street of Crocodiles (short stories, published as Sklepy cynamonowe, "Cinnamon Shops", in December, dated 1934)
• Nan Shepherd – A Pass in the Grampians
• Gertrude Stein – The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas
• Gladys Bronwyn Stern – Long Lost Father
• Cecil Street
  • The Claverton Mystery
  • The Motor Rally Mystery
  • The Venner Crime
• Phoebe Atwood Taylor – The Mystery of the Cape Cod Players
• Angela Thirkell – High Rising
• Thomas F. Tweed – Rinehard: a melodrama of the nineteen-thirties
• S. S. Van Dine – The Kennel Murder Case
• John Vandercook – Murder in Trinidad
• Henry Wade – Mist on the Saltings
• Helen Waddell – Peter Abelard
• Hugh Walpole – Vanessa
• H. G. Wells – The Shape of Things to Come
• Franz Werfel – The Forty Days of Musa Dagh (Die vierzig Tage des Musa Dagh)
• Nathanael West – Miss Lonelyhearts
• Dennis Wheatley – The Forbidden Territory
• Antonia White – Frost in May
• Virginia Woolf – Flush: A Biography

Children and young people

• Marjorie Flack – The Story about Ping
• Norman Hunter – The Incredible Adventures of Professor Branestawm (first in Professor Branestawm series)
• Erich Kästner – The Flying Classroom
• Elizabeth Foreman Lewis – Young Fu of the Upper Yangtze
• Arthur Ransome – Winter Holiday
• Felix Salten – Florian: The Emperor’s Stallion
• Dorothy Wall – Blinky Bill: the Quaint Little Australian (first in the Blinky Bill series of three books)

Drama

The original Broadway production of Ah, Wilderness! , with George M. Cohan, Elisha Cook, Jr., and Gene Lockhart

• Tawfiq al-Hakim – Ahl el-Kahf (The People of the Cave)
• Jean Anouilh – Mandarine
• Anthony Armstrong
  • Ten Minute Alibi
  • Without Witness
• Clifford Bax – The Rose Without a Thorn
• Ferdinand Bruckner – Die Rassen
• Gordon Daviot (Josephine Tey) – Richard of Bordeaux
• Selli Engler – Heil Hitler
• Walter C. Hackett – Afterwards
• Ian Hay – A Present from Margate
• Hanns Johst – Schlageter
• Sidney Kingsley – Men in White
• Samuil Lehtțir – Biruința (Victory)
• Federico García Lorca – Blood Wedding
• W. Somerset Maugham – Sheppey
• R. J. Minney – Clive of India
• Ivor Novello – Fresh Fields
• Eugene O'Neill – Ah, Wilderness!
• J. B. Priestley – Laburnum Grove
• Lennox Robinson – Drama at Inish
• Mordaunt Shairp – The Green Bay Tree
• John Van Druten – The Distaff Side
• Maxim Ziese – Siebenstein

Poetry

Main article: 1933 in poetry

• Edwin James Brady – Wardens of the Seas
• Benjamin Fondane – Ulysse
• Mascha Kaléko – Das Lyrische Stenogrammheft: Verse vom Alltag
• Osip Mandelstam – "Stalin Epigram"
• Vita Sackville-West – Collected Poems
• Filip Shiroka – Zâni i zêmrës
• J. Slauerhoff – Soleares
• W. B. Yeats – The Winding Stair and Other Poems

Non-fiction

• Vera Brittain – Testament of Youth
• Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud – Warum Krieg?
• Benjamin Fondane – Rimbaud le voyou
• Ionel Gherea – Le Moi el le monde. Essai d'une cosmogonie anthropomorphique (The Self and the World. An Essay in Anthropomorphic Cosmogony)
• Carl Jung – Modern Man in Search of a Soul
• Agnes Mure Mackenzie – An Historical Survey of Scottish Literature to 1714
• George Orwell – Down and Out in Paris and London
• Wilhelm Reich – The Mass Psychology of Fascism (Die Massenpsychologie des Faschismus)
• Upton Sinclair – Upton Sinclair Presents William Fox
• Muiris Ó Súilleabháin (Maurice O'Sullivan) – Fiche Bliain ag Fás (Twenty Years a-Growing)
• Jun'ichirō Tanizaki (谷崎 潤一郎) – In Praise of Shadows (陰翳礼讃, essay on aesthetics)

Births

• January 1 – Joe Orton, English playwright (murdered 1967)
• January 2 – Seiichi Morimura (森村誠一), Japanese author
• January 4 – Phyllis Reynolds Naylor, American children's and adult novelist
• January 9 – Wilbur Smith, South African historical novelist (died 2021) ^[14]
• January 13 – Shahnon Ahmad, Malaysian writer and politician (died 2017)
• January 16 – Susan Sontag (Susan Rosenblatt), American novelist (died 2004) ^[15]
• January 25 – Alden Nowlan, Canadian poet and novelist (died 1983)
• February 1 – Reynolds Price, American novelist and literary scholar (died 2011)
• February 5 – B. S. Johnson, English novelist (died 1973)
• February 12 – Costa-Gavras (Konstantinos Gavras), Greek-French film director and writer ^[16]
• February 20 – Zamenga Batukezanga, Congolese francophone writer and philanthropist (died 2000)
• February 22 – Christopher Ondaatje, Ceylonese-born English travel writer, biographer and philanthropist ^[17]
• February 27 – Edward Lucie-Smith, Jamaican-born English writer, critic and broadcaster
• March 17 – Penelope Lively (Penelope Low), Egyptian-born English novelist ^[18]
• March 18 – Sergio Pitol, Mexican fiction writer, translator and diplomat (died 2018)
• March 19 – Philip Roth, American novelist (died 2018) ^[19]
• April 2 – György Konrád, Hungarian novelist, essayist, political dissident and President of PEN International (died 2019) ^[20]
• April 7 – Cong Weixi, Chinese author (died 2019)
• April 14 – Boris Strugatsky, Russian sci-fi writer (died 2012) ^[21]
• April 24 – Patricia Bosworth, American writer/biographer (died 2020) ^[22]
• May 9 – Jessica Steele, English romance novelist (died 2020)
• May 10 – Barbara Taylor Bradford (Barbara Taylor), English-born American novelist ^[23]
• May 12 – Stephen Vizinczey, Hungarian-born writer (died 2021) ^[24]
• May 22 – Arnold Lobel, American children's writer and illustrator (died 1987)
• May 29
  • Abdul Rahman Munif, Arab writer (died 2004)
  • Edward Whittemore, American novelist (died 1995)
• June 9 – Vicente Leñero, Mexican novelist and playwright (died 2014)
• June 11 – Martti Soosaar, Estonian journalist and author (died 2017)
• June 20 – Claire Tomalin (Claire Delavenay), English journalist and biographer
• June 25 – James Meredith, African-American civil rights activist, writer, political adviser and Air Force veteran
• June 30 – Mauricio Rosencof, Uruguayan playwright, poet and journalist
• July 2 – John Antrobus, English playwright and scriptwriter
• July 4 – David Littman, English historian (died 2012)
• July 10 – Kevin Gilbert, Australian writer and artist (died 1993)
• July 13 – David Storey, English novelist and playwright (died 2017)
• July 14 – Solange Fasquelle, French novelist (died 2016)
• July 15 – M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Indian novelist ^[25]
• July 20 – Cormac McCarthy, American novelist, playwright and screenwriter (died 2023)
• July 21
  • John Gardner, American novelist (died 1982)
  • Brigitte Reimann, German novelist (died 1973)
• August 1 – Ko Un (Ko Untae), South Korean poet
• August 7 – Jerry Pournelle, American science fiction writer (died 2017) ^[26]
• August 13 – Madhur Jaffrey, Indian actress and food writer ^[27]
• August 16 – Tom Maschler, Austrian-born English literary publisher (died 2020) ^[28]
• September 9 – Michael Novak, American philosopher and author (died 2017)
• September 19 – Gilles Archambault, French Canadian novelist
• September 27 – Paul Goble, English-American author and illustrator (died 2017)
• October 11 – David Daniels, American visual poet (died 2008)
• October 21 – Maureen Duffy, English poet, playwright, author and activist ^[29]
• October 24 – Norman Rush, American writer
• November 1
  • Viačasłaŭ Adamčyk, Belarusian journalist, writer, playwright and screenwriter (died 2001)
  • Huub Oosterhuis, Dutch poet, theologian and liturgy reformer
  • Samir Roychoudhury, Indian Bengali poet and philosopher (died 2016)
• November 5 – Ilie Purcaru, Romanian journalist and poet (died 2008)
• November 13 – Peter Härtling, German novelist and poet (died 2017)
• November 23 – Daniel Chavarría, Uruguayan writer and translator (died 2018)
• December 2 – Kent Andersson, Swedish dramatist (died 2005)
• December 22 – Jim Barnes, Native American poet and translator ^[30]
• December 31 – Edward Bunker, American crime novelist (died 2005)

Deaths

• January 5 – J. M. Robertson, British Liberal Party politician, writer and journalist, Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade (born 1856) ^[31]
• January 11 – Hugo Zöller, German explorer and journalist (born 1852) ^[32]
• January 21 – George Moore, Irish poet and novelist (born 1852) ^[33]
• January 29 – Sara Teasdale, American poet (born 1884; suicide) ^[34]
• January 31 – John Galsworthy, English novelist and dramatist (born 1867) ^[35]
• February 20 – Takiji Kobayashi (小林多喜二), Japanese writer (born 1903)
• April 5 – Earl Derr Biggers, American novelist and playwright (heart attack, born 1884) ^[36]
• April 19 – E. W. Hobson, English writer on mathematics (born 1856) ^[37]
• April 24 – Janet Milne Rae, Scottish novelist (born 1844) ^[38]
• April 29 – Constantine Cavafy, Greek Alexandrine poet (born 1863)
• April 30 – Anna de Noailles, French writer (born 1876)
• May 2 – Leonard Huxley, British writer (born 1860) ^[39]
• May 16 – John Henry Mackay, Scottish-born German anarchist writer and philosopher (born 1864) ^[40]
• May 26 – Horatio Bottomley, English journalist and fraudster (born 1860) ^[41]
• June 7 – Dragutin Domjanić, Croatian poet (born 1875) ^[42]
• July 8 – Anthony Hope (Anthony Hope Hawkins), English adventure novelist (born 1863) ^[43]
• August 12 – Alexandru Philippide, Romanian linguist and polemicist (atherosclerosis, born 1859)
• September 20 – Annie Besant, English Theosophist writer (born 1847) ^[44]
• September 22 – György Almásy, Hungarian travel writer (born 1867) ^[45]
• September 25
  • Ring Lardner, American writer (born 1885) ^[46]
  • Pascal Poirier, Canadian historian (born 1852)
• September 28 – G. R. S. Mead, British writer (born 1863) ^[47]
• October 30 – Herminie Templeton Kavanagh, Anglo-Irish-American short story writer (born 1861?) ^[48]
• November 12 – F. Holland Day, American publisher (born 1864)
• November 20 – Augustine Birrell, English politician and author (born 1850) ^[49]
• November 28 – Minnie Earl Sears, American librarian (born 1873) ^[50]
• November 30 – Annie Armitt, English novelist and poet (born 1850) ^[51]
• December 4 – Stefan George, German poet and translator (born 1868)
• December 16 – Robert W. Chambers, American writer (born 1865) ^[52]
• December 27 – Georgina Castle Smith (pseudonym Brenda), English children's writer (born 1845)
• date unknown – Jennie M. Bingham, American author (born 1859)

Awards

• James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction: A. G. Macdonell, England, Their England
• James Tait Black Memorial Prize for biography: Violet Clifton, The Book of Talbot
• Newbery Medal for children's literature: Elizabeth Foreman Lewis, Young Fu of the Upper Yangtze
• Nobel Prize for literature: Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin
• Pulitzer Prize for Drama: Maxwell Anderson, Both Your Houses
• Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: Archibald MacLeish, Conquistador
• Pulitzer Prize for the Novel: T. S. Stribling, The Store

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