2014 in reptile paleontology

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This list of fossil reptiles described in 2014 is a list of new taxa of fossil reptiles that were described during the year 2014, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile paleontology that occurred in 2014.

Ichthyopterygians

Research

• Anatomy, taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of Cretaceous ophthalmosaurids Simbirskiasaurus birjukovi and Pervushovisaurus bannovkensis are reevaluated by Fischer et al. (2014). ^[1]

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Janusaurus [2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Roberts et al.	Late Jurassic	Agardhfjellet Formation	Norway	An ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur. The type species is Janusaurus lundi. Zverkov & Prilepskaya (2019) considered Janusaurus to be a junior synonym of the genus Arthropterygius , though the authors maintained J. lundi as a distinct species within the latter genus; [3] Delsett et al. (2019) rejected this synonymy. [4]
Leninia [5]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fischer et al.	Early Cretaceous (early Aptian)		Russia	An ophthalmosaurine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur. The type species is Leninia stellans.
Sisteronia [6]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fischer et al.	Cretaceous (early Albian to early Cenomanian)	Cambridge Greensand Gault Formation Marnes Bleues Formation	France   United Kingdom	A platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur. The type species is Sisteronia seeleyi.
Undorosaurus trautscholdi [7]	Sp. nov	Valid	Arkhangelsky & Zverkov	Late Jurassic		Russia	An ophthalmosaurine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur, a species of Undorosaurus.

Sauropterygians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aristonectes quiriquinensis [8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Otero et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Quiriquina Formation	Chile	A plesiosaur, a species of Aristonectes.
Cymatosaurus erikae [9]	Sp. nov	Valid	Maisch	Middle Triassic (earliest Anisian)	Röt Formation	Germany	A species of Cymatosaurus.
Majiashanosaurus [10]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Jiang et al.	Early Triassic (Olenekian)	Nanlinghu Formation	China	A basal member of Eosauropterygia. The type species is Majiashanosaurus discocoracoidis.
Nothosaurus zhangi [11]	Sp. nov	Valid	Liu et al.	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Guanling Formation	China	A nothosaur, a species of Nothosaurus.
Odoiporosaurus [12]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Renesto, Binelli & Hagdorn	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Besano Formation	Italy	A pachypleurosaur. The type species is Odoiporosaurus teruzzii.
Pararcus [13]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Klein & Scheyer	Middle Triassic (early Anisian)	Vossenveld Formation	Netherlands	A placodont. The type species is Pararcus diepenbroeki.
Pliosaurus patagonicus [14]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gasparini & O'Gorman	Late Jurassic (middle Tithonian)	Vaca Muerta Formation	Argentina	A species of Pliosaurus.

Lepidosaurs

Newly named rhynchocephalians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Kawasphenodon peligrensis [15]	Sp. nov	Valid	Apesteguia, Gómez & Rougier	Palaeocene	Salamanca Formation	Argentina	An opisthodontian sphenodontid, a species of Kawasphenodon.
Priosphenodon minimus [16]	Sp. nov	Valid	Apesteguia & Carballido	Early Cretaceous	Cerro Barcino Formation	Argentina	An eilenodontine sphenodontid, a species of Priosphenodon.

Newly named lizards

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Blanus mendezi [17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bolet et al.	Miocene (11.6 Mya)	Vallès-Penedès Basin	Spain	An amphisbaenian, a species of Blanus .
Blanus thomaskelleri [18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Čerňanský, Rage & Klembara	Early Miocene		Germany	An amphisbaenian, a species of Blanus .
Calanguban [19]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Simões, Caldwell & Kellner	Early Cretaceous	Crato Formation	Brazil	A scleroglossan lizard with scincomorph affinities. The type species is Calanguban alamoi.
Dakotaseps [20]	Nom. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Dakota Formation	United States	A member of Scincomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement, assigned by Nydam (2013) to an informal paramacellodid-cordylid grade; [21] a replacement name for Dakotasaurus Nydam (2013) (preoccupied).
Funiusaurus [22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xu et al.	Late Cretaceous	Qiupa Formation	China	A member of Polyglyphanodontidae. The type species is Funiusaurus luanchuanensis.
Maioricalacerta [23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bailon et al.	Early Pliocene (Zanclean)		Spain	A member of Lacertidae. The type species is Maioricalacerta rafelinensis.
Pyrenasaurus [24]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bolet & Augé	Late Eocene		France   Spain	A member of Scincoidea, possibly a skink. The type species is Pyrenasaurus evansae.

Newly named snakes

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Adinophis [25]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pritchard et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Maevarano Formation	Madagascar	A member of Madtsoiidae. The type species is Adinophis fisaka.
Indophis fanambinana [25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Pritchard et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Maevarano Formation	Madagascar	A member of Nigerophiidae, a species of Indophis.
Rukwanyoka [26]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	McCartney et al.	Oligocene	Nsungwe Formation	Tanzania	The most ancient booid snake and boa from Africa. The type species is Rukwanyoka holmani.
Seismophis [27]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hsiou et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Alcântara Formation	Brazil	A snake of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a relative of Najash rionegrina . The type species is Seismophis septentrionalis.

Turtles

Research

• Redescription of the rediscovered holotype of the Jurassic turtle Plesiochelys etalloni is published by Anquetin, Deschamps & Claude (2014). ^[28]

Newly named turtles

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Alienochelys [29]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	de Lapparent de Broin et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Oulad Abdoun Basin	Morocco	A sea turtle, a member of Dermochelyoidae. The type species is Alienochelys selloumi.
Allaeochelys libyca [30]	Sp. nov	Valid	Havlik, Joyce & Böhme	Miocene (Langhian)		Libya	A relative of the pig-nosed turtle, a species of the (possibly paraphyletic) genus Allaeochelys.
Ashleychelys [31]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Weems & Sanders	Oligocene		United States	A pancheloniid sea turtle. The type species is Ashleychelys palmeri.
Atolchelys [32]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Romano et al.	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	Morro do Chaves Formation	Brazil	A bothremydid pleurodiran. The type species is Atolchelys lepida.
Brodiechelys royoi [33]	Sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García, Gasulla & Ortega	Early Aptian	Arcillas de Morella Formation	Spain	A xinjiangchelyid, a species of Brodiechelys.
Cheirogaster bacharidisi [34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vlachos, Tsoukala & Corsini	Pliocene	Gonia Formation	Greece	A tortoise, originally described as a species belonging to the genus Cheirogaster. Subsequently, transferred by Pérez-García & Vlachos (2014) to the genus Titanochelon . [35]
Eodortoka [36]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García, Gasulla & Ortega	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Arcillas de Morella Formation	Spain	A dortokid, a member of the clade Pan-Pleurodira (containing living pleurodirans and all turtles that are more closely related to them than to cryptodirans). The type species is Eodortoka morellana.
Gobiapalone [37]	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Maastrichtian)	Barun Goyot Formation Bayan Shireh Formation Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid. The type species is "Amyda" orlovi Khosatzky (1976); genus also contains new species Gobiapalone breviplastra. The genus Gobiapalone was considered to be a junior synonym of the genus Kuhnemys by Georgalis & Joyce (2017), though the authors maintained G. orlovi and G. breviplastra as distinct species within the latter genus. [38]
Hylaeochelys kappa [39]	Sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García & Ortega	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Freixial Formation	Portugal	A basal member of Eucryptodira, a species of Hylaeochelys.
Judithemys kranzi [40]	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems	Paleocene (early Thanetian)	Aquia Formation	United States	A member of (likely paraphyletic) group "Macrobaenidae", a species of Judithemys.
Nemegtemys [37]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A cyclanorbine trionychid. The type species is Nemegtemys conflata.
Osonachelus [41]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	de Lapparent de Broin et al.	Eocene (late Bartonian)	Vic-Manlleu Marls Formation	Spain	A cheloniid sea turtle. The type species is Osonachelus decorata.
Procolpochelys charlestonensis [31]	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems & Sanders	Oligocene		United States	A pancheloniid sea turtle; a species of Procolpochelys.
Riodevemys [42]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García, Royo-Torres & Cobos	Late Jurassic		Spain	A pleurosternid paracryptodiran. The type species is Riodevemys inumbragigas.
Tacuarembemys [43]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Perea et al.	Late Jurassic or earliest Cretaceous	Tacuarembó Formation	Uruguay	A turtle of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Tacuarembemys kusterae.
Titanochelon [35]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Pérez-García & Vlachos	Early Miocene to early Pleistocene		Austria   Bulgaria   France   Germany   Greece   Portugal   Spain    Switzerland   Turkey   Malta?	A tortoise; a new genus for "Testudo" bolivari Hernández-Pacheco (1917). Genus also contains "Testudo" eurysternum Gervais (1848–1852), "Testudo" ginsburgi de Broin (1977), "Testudo" vitodurana Biedermann (1862), "Cheirogaster" steinbacheri Karl (1996), "Testudo" leberonensis Depéret (1890), "Testudo" schafferi Szalai (1931), "Testudo" perpiniana Depéret (1885) and "Cheirogaster" bacharidisi Vlachos et al. (2014). Genus might also contain "Testudo" gymnesicus Bate (1914).
‘Trionyx’ baynshirensis [37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Santonian)	Bayan Shireh Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ dissolutus [44]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vitek & Danilov	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)		Uzbekistan	A trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ gilbentuensis [37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ gobiensis [37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ shiluutulensis [37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)		Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.

Archosauromorphs

Archosaurs

Main article: 2014 in archosaur paleontology

Basal archosauromorphs

Research

• A redescription of Tasmaniosaurus triassicus is published by Ezcurra (2014). ^[45]
• A revision of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the archosauriform Dorosuchus neoetus is published by Sookias et al. (2014). ^[46]
• A revision of putative euparkeriids from the Triassic of China is published by Sookias et al. (2014). ^[47]

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aenigmastropheus [48]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ezcurra, Scheyer & Bulter	Late Permian (Wuchiapingian)	Usili Formation	Tanzania	A non-archosauriform archosauromorph, probably a protorosaurian. The type species is Aenigmastropheus parringtoni.
Garjainia madiba [49]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gower et al.	Early Triassic (late Olenekian)	Burgersdorp Formation	South Africa	An erythrosuchid archosauriform, a species of Garjainia.
Hyperodapedon tikiensis [50]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mukherjee & Ray	Late Triassic	Tiki Formation	India	A rhynchosaur, a species of Hyperodapedon.
Proterosuchus goweri [51]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ezcurra & Butler	Early Triassic		South Africa	A proterosuchid archosauriform, a species of Proterosuchus.
Pseudochampsa [52]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Trotteyn & Ezcurra	Late Triassic (late Carnian or earliest Norian)	Ischigualasto Formation	Argentina	A proterochampsid archosauriform; a new genus for "Chanaresuchus" ischigualastensis Trotteyn, Martínez & Alcober (2012).

Other reptiles

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Abyssomedon [53]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Macdougall & Reisz	Early Permian	Garber Formation	United States	A nyctiphruretid parareptile. The type species is Abyssomedon williamsi.
Atopodentatus [54]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Guanling Formation	China	A marine reptile, probably a relative of sauropterygians. The type species is Atopodentatus unicus.
Delorhynchus cifellii [55]	Sp. nov	Valid	Reisz, Macdougall & Modesto	Early Permian	Garber Formation	United States	A parareptile relative of lanthanosuchoids, a species of Delorhynchus.
Eohupehsuchus [56]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Triassic	Jialingjiang Formation	China	A hupehsuchian. The type species is Eohupehsuchus brevicollis.
Horaffia [57]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Klein & Hagdorn	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Erfurt Formation	Germany	A marine diapsid reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Horaffia kugleri.
Largocephalosaurus qianensis [58]	Sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Triassic	Guanling Formation	China	A member of Saurosphargidae, a species of Largocephalosaurus.
Parahupehsuchus [59]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Triassic	Jialingjiang Formation	China	A hupehsuchian. The type species is Parahupehsuchus longus.

References

1. Valentin Fischer; Maxim S. Arkhangelsky; Darren Naish; Ilya M. Stenshin; Gleb N. Uspensky & Pascal Godefroit (2014). "Simbirskiasaurus and Pervushovisaurus reassessed: implications for the taxonomy and cranial osteology of Cretaceous platypterygiine ichthyosaurs" (PDF). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (4): 822–841. doi:10.1111/zoj.12158. S2CID   67765108.
2. Aubrey Jane Roberts; Patrick Scott Druckenmiller; Glenn-Peter Sætre & Jørn Harald Hurum (2014). "A New Upper Jurassic Ophthalmosaurid Ichthyosaur from the Slottsmøya Member, Agardhfjellet Formation of Central Spitsbergen". PLOS ONE. 9 (8): e103152. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j3152R. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103152 . PMC   4118863 . PMID   25084533.
3. Nikolay G. Zverkov; Natalya E. Prilepskaya (2019). "A prevalence of Arthropterygius (Ichthyosauria: Ophthalmosauridae) in the Late Jurassic—earliest Cretaceous of the Boreal Realm". PeerJ. 7: e6799. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6799 . PMC   6497043 . PMID   31106052.
4. Lene L. Delsett; Aubrey J. Roberts; Patrick S. Druckenmiller; Jørn H. Hurum (2019). "Osteology and phylogeny of Late Jurassic ichthyosaurs from the Slottsmøya Member Lagerstätte (Spitsbergen, Svalbard)". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 64 (4): 717–743. doi: 10.4202/app.00571.2018 . hdl: 10852/76089 . S2CID   210294877.
5. Valentin Fischer; Maxim S. Arkhangelsky; Gleb N. Uspensky; Ilya M. Stenshin & Pascal Godefroit (2014). "A new Lower Cretaceous ichthyosaur from Russia reveals skull shape conservatism within Ophthalmosaurinae". Geological Magazine. 151 (1): 60–70. Bibcode:2014GeoM..151...60F. doi:10.1017/S0016756812000994. hdl: 2268/137853 . S2CID   49470362.
6. Valentin Fischer; Nathalie Bardet; Myette Guiomar & Pascal Godefroit (2014). "High Diversity in Cretaceous Ichthyosaurs from Europe Prior to Their Extinction". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84709. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984709F. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084709 . PMC   3897400 . PMID   24465427.
7. M.S. Arkhangelsky & N.G. Zverkov (2014). "On a new ichthyosaur of the genus Undorosaurus" (PDF). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 318 (3): 187–196.
8. Rodrigo A. Otero; Sergio Soto-Acuña; Frank Robin O'Keefe; José P. O’Gorman; Wolfgang Stinnesbeck; Mario E. Suárez; David Rubilar-Rogers; Christian Salazar; Luis Arturo Quinzio-Sinn (2014). "Aristonectes quiriquinensis, sp. nov., a new highly derived elasmosaurid from the upper Maastrichtian of central Chile". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 100–125. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.780953. hdl: 11336/79718 . S2CID   84729992.
9. Michael W. Maisch (2014). "A well preserved skull of Cymatosaurus (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the uppermost Buntsandstein (Middle Triassic) of Germany". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 272 (2): 213–224. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2014/0407.
10. Da-Yong Jiang; Ryosuke Motani; Andrea Tintori; Olivier Rieppel; Guan-Bao Chen; Jian-Dong Huang; Rong Zhang; Zuo-Yu Sun; Cheng Ji (2014). "The Early Triassic eosauropterygian Majiashanosaurus discocoracoidis, gen. et sp. nov. (Reptilia, Sauropterygia), from Chaohu, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (5): 1044–1052. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.846264. S2CID   129828376.
11. Jun Liu; Shi-xue Hu; Olivier Rieppel; Da-yong Jiang; Michael J. Benton; Neil P. Kelley; Jonathan C. Aitchison; Chang-yong Zhou; Wen Wen; Jin-yuan Huang; Tao Xie; Tao Lv (2014). "A gigantic nothosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Middle Triassic of SW China and its implication for the Triassic biotic recovery". Scientific Reports. 4: Article number 7142. doi:10.1038/srep07142. PMC   4245812 . PMID   25429609.
12. Silvio Renesto; Giorgio Binelli; Hans Hagdorn (2014). "A new pachypleurosaur from the Middle Triassic Besano Formation of Northern Italy". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 271 (2): 151–168. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2014/0382.
13. Nicole Klein & Torsten M. Scheyer (2014). "A new placodont sauropterygian from the Middle Triassic of the Netherlands". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 59 (4): 887–902. doi: 10.4202/app.2012.0147 . S2CID   54714765.
14. Zulma Gasparini; José P. O'Gorman (2014). "A new species of Pliosaurus (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". Ameghiniana. 51 (4): 269–283. doi:10.5710/amgh.03.04.2014.2225. hdl: 11336/9372 . S2CID   130194647.
15. Sebastian Apesteguia; Raúl O. Gómez; Guillermo W. Rougier (2014). "The youngest South American rhynchocephalian, a survivor of the K/Pg extinction". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 281 (1792): 20140811. doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0811. PMC   4150314 . PMID   25143041.
16. Sebastian Apesteguia; Jose L. Carballido (2014). "A new eilenodontine (Lepidosauria, Sphenodontidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of central Patagonia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (2): 303–317. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.803974. hdl: 11336/6524 . S2CID   130381621.
17. Arnau Bolet; Massimo Delfino; Josep Fortuny; Sergio Almécija; Josep M. Robles; David M. Alba (2014). "An Amphisbaenian Skull from the European Miocene and the Evolution of Mediterranean Worm Lizards". PLOS ONE. 9 (6): e98082. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...998082B. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098082 . PMC   4045672 . PMID   24896828.
18. Andrej Čerňanský; Jean-Claude Rage; Jozef Klembara (2014). "The Early Miocene squamates of Amöneburg (Germany): the first stages of modern squamates in Europe". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 13 (2): 97–128. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.897266. S2CID   140170242.
19. Tiago R. Simões; Michael W. Caldwell; Alexander W. A. Kellner (2014). "A new Early Cretaceous lizard species from Brazil, and the phylogenetic position of the oldest known South American squamates". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 13 (7): 601–614. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.947342. S2CID   84446189.
20. Randall L. Nydam (2014). "Dakotaseps gen. nov., a replacement name for the lizard genus Dakotasaurus Nydam 2013, a junior homonym of the ichnotaxon Dakotasaurus Branson and Mehl 1932". Zootaxa. 3900 (1): 150. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3900.1.11 . PMID   25543731.
21. Randall L. Nydam (2013). "Lizards and Snakes from the Cenomanian through Campanian of Southern Utah: Filling the Gap in the Fossil Record of Squamata from the Late Cretaceous of the Western Interior of North America". In Alan L. Titus; Mark A. Loewen (eds.). At the Top of the Grand Staircase: The Late Cretaceous of Southern Utah. Indiana University Press. pp. 370–423. ISBN   978-0-253-00896-1.
22. Li Xu; Xiaochun Wu; Junchang Lü; Songhai Jia; Jiming Zhang; Hanyong Pu; Xingliao Zhang (2014). "A New Lizard (Lepidosauria: Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous of Henan, China". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 88 (4): 1041–1050. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12271. S2CID   128552980.
23. Salvador Bailon; Renaud Boistel; Pere Bover; Josep Antoni Alcover (2014). "Maioricalacerta rafelinensis, gen. et sp. nov. (Squamata, Lacertidae), from the early Pliocene of Mallorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean Sea)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (2): 318–326. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.799481. S2CID   49559770.
24. Arnau Bolet; Marc Augé (2014). "A New Miniaturized Lizard From the Late Eocene of France and Spain". The Anatomical Record. 297 (3): 505–515. doi: 10.1002/ar.22855 . PMID   24482323. S2CID   205411659.
25. Adam C. Pritchard; Jacob A. McCartney; David W. Krause; Nathan J. Kley (2014). "New snakes from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Maevarano Formation, Mahajanga Basin, Madagascar". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (5): 1080–1093. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.841706. S2CID   84867457.
26. Jacob A. McCartney; Nancy J. Stevens; Patrick M. O’Connor (2014). "The Earliest Colubroid-Dominated Snake Fauna from Africa: Perspectives from the Late Oligocene Nsungwe Formation of Southwestern Tanzania". PLOS ONE. 9 (3): e90415. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...990415M. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090415 . PMC   3960104 . PMID   24646522.
27. Annie S. Hsiou; Adriana M. Albino; Manuel A. Medeiros; Ronny A.B. Santos (2014). "The oldest Brazilian snakes from the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 59 (3): 635–642. doi: 10.4202/app.2012.0091 . hdl: 11336/99860 . S2CID   55266958.
28. Jérémy Anquetin; Sylvie Deschamps; Julien Claude (2014). "The rediscovery and redescription of the holotype of the Late Jurassic turtle Plesiochelys etalloni". PeerJ. 2: e258. doi: 10.7717/peerj.258 . PMC   3932733 . PMID   24688842.
29. France de Lapparent de Broin; Nathalie Bardet; Mbarek Amaghzaz; Saïd Meslouh (2014). "A strange new chelonioid turtle from the Latest Cretaceous Phosphates of Morocco". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 13 (2): 87–95. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2013.07.008.
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