Actinomadura

Actinomadura
Actinomadura macrotermitis on agar plate
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Kingdom:	Bacillati
Phylum:	Actinomycetota
Class:	Actinomycetia
Order:	Streptosporangiales
Family:	Thermomonosporaceae
Genus:	Actinomadura Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1968 [1]
Type species
Actinomadura madurae (Vincent 1894) Lechevalier & Lechevalier 1968
Species [2]
See text
Synonyms
ExcellosporaAgre and Guzeva 1975 SpirillosporaCouch 1963 "Streptomycoides" Zhang, Xing & Yan 1984

The genus Actinomadura is one of four genera of Actinomycetota that belong to the family Thermomonosporaceae. It contains aerobic, Gram-positive, non-acid-fast, non-motile, chemo-organotrophic actinomycetes that produce well-developed, non-fragmenting vegetative mycelia and aerial hyphae that differentiate into surface-ornamented spore chains. These chains are of various lengths and can be straight, hooked or spiral. ^[3] The genus currently comprises over 70 species with validly published names with standing in nomenclature, ^[1] although the species status of some strains remains uncertain, and further comparative studies are needed. ^[3]

Members of the genus are not characterized chemotaxonomically by type III/B cell walls (meso-diaminopimelic acid and madurose are present) with peptidoglycan structures of the acetyl type. The predominant menaquinone types are MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8). The phospholipid pattern is PI (diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol are present as major phospholipids) and the fatty acid pattern is type 3a (branched saturated and unsaturated fatty acids plus tuberculostearic acid). ^[4]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) ^[1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). ^[2]

16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024 [5] [6] [7]

120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220 [8] [9] [10]

Actinomadura albaWang et al. 2007 Actinomadura craniellaeLi et al. 2019 Actinomadura scrupuliLee and Lee 2010 Spirillospora rubraSchafer 1973 ex Vobis & Kothe 1989 Spirillospora albidaCouch 1963 Actinomadura~ Actinomadura fulvescensTerekhova, Galatenko & Preobrazhenskaya 1987 Actinomadura rudentiformisLe Roes and Meyers 2007 Actinomadura A. montaniterraeSongsumanus et al. 2016 A. violaceaKanchanasin et al. 2021 A. barringtoniaeRachniyom et al. 2018 A. nitritigenesLipski and Altendorf 1995 A. viridilutea(Agre and Guzeva 1975) Zhang et al. 2001 A. keratinilyticaPuhl et al. 2009 A. miaoliensisTseng et al. 2009 A. parmotrematisSomphong et al. 2022 A. hibiscaTomita et al. 1991 A. kijaniataHoran and Brodsky 1982 A. namibiensisWink et al. 2003 A. flavalbaQin et al. 2009 A. atramentariaMiyadoh et al. 1987 A. rayongensisPhongsopitanun et al. 2015 A. rubteroloniBenndorf et al. 2020 A. macrotermitisBenndorf et al. 2020 A. rupiterraeLee 2012 A. gamaensisAbagana et al. 2016 A. harenaeHu et al. 2020 A. logoneensisShi et al. 2019 A. oligosporaMertz and Yao 1986 A. rhizosphaeraeMalisorn et al. 2018 A. apisPromnuan et al. 2011 A. desertiCao et al. 2018 A. rifamycini(Gauze et al. 1987) Promnuan et al. 2011 A. cremeaPreobrazhenskaya et al. 1975 A. algeriensisLahoum et al. 2017 A. sediminisHe et al. 2012 A. physcomitriiZhuang et al. 2020 A. fibrosaMertz and Yao 1990 A. rubrisoliAy 2021 A. roseirufaWieme et al. 2019 A. citreaLavrova et al. 1972 A. mexicanaQuintana et al. 2004 A. formosensis(Hasegawa et al. 1986) Zhang et al. 1998 A. lepetitianaDalmastri et al. 2020 A. glauciflavaLu et al. 2003 A. luteofluorescens(Shinobu 1962) Preobrazhenskaya et al. 1975 A. coeruleaPreobrazhenskaya et al. 1975 A. verrucososporaNonomura and Ohara 1971 A. madurae(Vincent 1894) Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1970 A. meyeraecorrig. Quintana et al. 2004 A. latinaTrujillo and Goodfellow 1997 A. napierensisCook et al. 2005 A. geliboluensisSazak et al. 2012 A. xylanilyticaZucchi et al. 2013 A. macra(ex Celmer et al. 1979) Huang 1980 A. litorisCao et al. 2021 A. terraeLee et al. 2023 A. graecaTarantini et al. 2022 A. pelletieri(Laveran 1906) Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1970 A. meridianaLee 2012 A. spongiicolaQin et al. 2022 A. chibensisHanafy et al. 2008 A. decatromiciniSongsumanus et al. 2021 A. syzygiiRachniyom et al. 2015 A. bangladeshensisAra et al. 2008 A. chokoriensisAra et al. 2008 A. darangshiensisLee and Kim 2015 A. alkaliterraeAy et al. 2017 A. soliSaricaoglu et al. 2021 A. yumaensisLabeda et al. 1985 A. catellatisporaLu et al. 2003 A. lividaLavrova and Preobrazhenskaya 1975 A. adrarensisLahoum et al. 2016 A. hallensisLee and Jeong 2006 A. sputiYassin et al. 2010 A. rugatobisporaMiyadoh et al. 1991 A. vinaceaLavrova and Preobrazhenskaya 1975 A. viridis(Nonomura and Ohara 1971) Miyadoh et al. 1989 A. jiaoheensisZhao et al. 2016 A. sporangiiformansZhao et al. 2016

Actinomadura alba Actinomadura craniellae Actinomadura A. viridilutea A. viridis A. barringtoniae A. rudentiformis A. hibisca A. kijaniata A. rupiterrae A. logoneensis A. harenae A. oligospora A. macrotermitis A. parmotrematis A. flavalba A. atramentaria A. rayongensis A. rubteroloni A. xylanilytica Spirillospora albida A. rubrisoli A. fibrosa A. roseirufa A. litoris A. terrae A. graeca A. macra A. nitritigenes A. verrucosospora A. montaniterrae A. physcomitrii A. cremea A. algeriensis A. rifamycini A. hallensis A. livida A. chibensis A. syzygii A. soli A. pelletieri A. spongiicola A. formosensis A. geliboluensis A. meyerae A. bangladeshensis A. latina A. darangshiensis A. madurae A. coerulea A. luteofluorescens A. citrea A. mexicana

Orphaned species:

• "Excellospora japonica" Furihata & Shimazu 1985
• "Spirillospora tritici" Song et al. 2018

Unassigned species:

• "A. albolutea" Tohyama et al. 1984
• "A. azurea" Nakamura and Isono 1983
• "A. brunnea" Patel et al. 1987
• A. hankyongensiscorrig. Siddiqi et al. 2019
• "A. luzonensis" Tomita et al. 1980
• "A. maheshkhaliensis" Ara et al. 2008
• "A. melliaura" Matson et al. 1989
• "A. ochracea" Deng & Yan 1984
• "A. parvosata" Christensen et al. 1987
• "A. pulveracea" Iwami et al. 1985
• "A. routienii" Huang 1987
• "A. spiculosospora" Koguchi et al. 1986
• "A. spinosa" Saitoh et al. 1993
• "A. vulgaris" Hegde et al. 1991

See also

• List of bacterial orders
• List of bacteria genera

References

1. A.C. Parte; et al. "Actinomadura". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2025-02-28.
2. C.L. Schoch; et al. "Actinomadura". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2025-02-28.
3. Zhang Z; Kudo T; Nakajima Y; Wang Y (2001). "Clarification of the relationship between the members of the family Thermomonosporaceae on the basis of 16S rDNA, 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer and 23S rDNA sequences and chemotaxonomic analyses". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 51 (Pt 2): 373–383. doi: 10.1099/00207713-51-2-373 . PMID   11321082.
4. Kroppenstedt, RM; Stackebrandt, E; Goodfellow, M (1990). "Taxonomic revision of the actinomycete genera Actinomadura and Microtetraspora". Syst Appl Microbiol. 13 (2): 148–160. doi:10.1016/S0723-2020(11)80162-1.
5. "The LTP" . Retrieved 10 December 2024.
6. "LTP_all tree in newick format" . Retrieved 10 December 2024.
7. "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 December 2024.
8. "GTDB release 09-RS220". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
9. "bac120_r220.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
10. "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.