City Hospital | |
 Abandoned building in 1989 | |
    | |
| Location | Roosevelt Island, Manhattan, New York City |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 40°45′11″N73°57′31″W / 40.75306°N 73.95861°W |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1832 |
| Architect | James Renwick Jr. |
| NRHP reference No. | 72000868 [1] |
| NYSRHP No. | 06101.002470 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | March 16, 1972 |
| Designated NYSRHP | June 23, 1980 |
City Hospital (also known as Island Hospital or Charity Hospital) was a hospital on Roosevelt Island, Manhattan in New York City.
Originally named Penitentiary Hospital and located on what was then known as Blackwell's Island, the first hospital was built in 1832 to serve the prisoners housed at Blackwell's Penitentiary. [2] After the hospital was destroyed by a fire in 1858, architect James Renwick Jr. designed a new building to be called City Hospital, on which prisoners completed construction in 1861. It served both inmates and New York City's poorer population. [2] [3] In 1870, the hospital was renamed Charity Hospital and a medical superintendent was hired after the quality of care was criticized. [2]
In 1877, Charity Hospital opened a school of nursing, the fourth such training institution in the United States. [4] The program of education for nurses encompassed two to three years of training in the care of patients and general hospital cleanliness. At Charity Hospital, nurses treated patients, assisted surgeons, weighed and cared for newborns, and took cooking classes. [4] In 1916, Dr. Orrin Sage Wightman, an internist at the hospital, took a series of photographs of student nurses, which are housed at the New-York Historical Society. [5]
The city changed the name of the island to Welfare Island in 1921 to reflect the mission of the institutions located there. [6]
The prison closed in 1935, and the hospital was closed in 1957, when operations for Charity Hospital and Smallpox Hospital were moved to Elmhurst Hospital Center in Queens. [3] [6] The building, designed in the Second Empire style, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. [3] The next year, Welfare Island was renamed Roosevelt Island in honor of Franklin D. Roosevelt and a memorial to the former president was planned at the southern tip of the island. [7]
By 1986, the hospital was being considered for demolition because its condition had deteriorated so much. [8] The hospital was demolished in 1994 along with the Delacorte Fountain in a project led by the Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation that also included the earthwork for the future memorial to Franklin D. Roosevelt; [3] [9] [10] this memorial opened as Four Freedoms Park in 2012. [11]
The former site of City Hospital is now occupied by Southpoint Park, which opened in 2011. Stones salvaged from the structure were used in paths of the park. [3] [12] [13]
Roosevelt Island is an island in New York City's East River, within the borough of Manhattan. It lies between Manhattan Island to the west, and the borough of Queens, on Long Island, to the east. It is about 2 miles (3.2 km) long, with an area of 147 acres (0.59 km2), and had a population of 11,722 as of the 2020 United States census. It consists of two largely residential communities: Northtown and Southtown. Roosevelt Island is owned by the city but was leased to the New York State Urban Development Corporation (UDC) for 99 years in 1969.
Sagamore Hill was the home of the 26th president of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt, from 1885 until his death in 1919. It is located in Cove Neck, New York, near Oyster Bay on the North Shore of Long Island, 25 miles (40 km) east of Manhattan. It is now the Sagamore Hill National Historic Site, which includes the Theodore Roosevelt Museum in a later building on the grounds.
James Renwick Jr. was an American architect known for designing churches and museums. He designed the Smithsonian Institution Building in Washington, D.C., and St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York. The Encyclopedia of American Architecture calls him "one of the most successful American architects of his time".
U Thant Island is a small artificial island or islet in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. The 100-by-200-foot island, created during the construction of the Steinway Tunnel directly underneath, is the smallest island in Manhattan.
Sailors' Snug Harbor, also known as Sailors Snug Harbor and informally as Snug Harbor, is a collection of architecturally significant 19th-century buildings on Staten Island, New York City. The buildings are set in an 83-acre (34 ha) park along the Kill Van Kull in New Brighton, on the North Shore of Staten Island. Some of the buildings and the grounds are used by arts organizations under the umbrella of the Snug Harbor Cultural Center and Botanical Garden.
George T. Delacorte Jr. was an American magazine publisher, born in New York City.
Tacony is a historic neighborhood in Northeast Philadelphia, United States, approximately 8 miles (13 km) from downtown Philadelphia. It is bounded by the east side of Frankford Avenue on the northwest, the south side of Cottman Avenue on the northeast, the north side of Robbins Street on the southwest, and the Delaware River and Interstate 95 on the southeast.
Grace Church is a historic parish church in Manhattan, New York City which is part of the Episcopal Diocese of New York. The church is located at 800–804 Broadway, at the corner of East 10th Street, where Broadway bends to the south-southeast, bringing it in alignment with the avenues in Manhattan's grid. Grace Church School and the church houses—which are now used by the school—are located to the east at 86–98 Fourth Avenue between East 10th and 12th Streets. In 2021, it reported 1,038 members, average attendance of 212, and $1,034,712 in plate and pledge income.
Caumsett State Historic Park Preserve is a state park on Lloyd Neck, a peninsula extending into the Long Island Sound, in the Village of Lloyd Harbor, New York, United States. It is operated by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.
The Gen. Orrin Hutchinson House, also known as the General George Hutchinson House, is the only Town of Onondaga site listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Nelson W. Aldrich House, also known as the Dr. S. B. Tobey House, is a Federal-style house at 110 Benevolent Street in the College Hill neighborhood of Providence, Rhode Island. The house was the home of Nelson W. Aldrich, a U.S. Senator from 1881 to 1911. Aldrich was a dominant and controversial figure in the Senate, exercising significant control over the legislative process. This house, one of two surviving properties associated with Aldrich, was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1976. It is now a house museum operated by the Rhode Island Historical Society.
The Oak Hill Cemetery Chapel, also known as the Renwick Chapel or James Renwick Chapel, is a historic building in the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C., United States. Designed by James Renwick Jr. in 1850, Oak Hill Cemetery Chapel is the architect's only known example of Gothic Revival church architecture in Washington, D.C. It is located on the highest ridge in Oak Hill Cemetery, near the intersection of 29th and R Streets NW. The chapel is one of two structures in Oak Hill Cemetery listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the other being the Van Ness Mausoleum. The chapel, mausoleum, and cemetery are contributing properties to the Georgetown Historic District, a National Historic Landmark.
Blackwell Island Lighthouse, now known as Roosevelt Island Lighthouse, also was known as Welfare Island Lighthouse, is a stone lighthouse built by the government of New York City in 1872. It is within Lighthouse Park at the northern tip of Roosevelt Island in the East River. It was named to the National Register of Historic Places on March 16, 1972 and was designated a New York City Landmark on March 23, 1976.
The Philadelphia Naval Hospital was the first high-rise hospital building constructed by the United States Navy. At its 1935 opening it represented a state-of-the-art facility for the Navy with 650 beds and a total floor space of 352,000 square feet (32,700 m2). The dedicated medical purpose of this facility contributed to the World War II mission as the center for amputation, orthopedic and prosthetic services for Navy, Marine, and Coast Guard veterans residing east of the Rocky Mountains.
The Smallpox Hospital, sometimes referred to as the Renwick Smallpox Hospital and later the Maternity and Charity Hospital Training School, was a hospital located on Roosevelt Island in Manhattan, New York City. Originally designed by architect James Renwick Jr., the 100-bed hospital opened in 1856, when the area was known as Blackwell's Island.
Strecker Memorial Laboratory is a historic building at Southpoint Park on Roosevelt Island in New York City. Built in 1892 to serve as a laboratory for City Hospital, it was "the first institution in the nation for pathological and bacteriological research". The project was funded by the Strecker family. The building was designed by architects Frederick Clarke Withers and Walter Dickson in the Romanesque Revival style with large arched windows to provide plenty of natural lighting and ventilation. On the first floor were an autopsy room and an office, while the floor above housed laboratories where specimens were examined. The cellar was used as a mortuary and for storage. Administrative support was provided by the nearby City Hospital. An additional storey was later built, providing room for the examination of histological samples, a scientific library and a pathology museum.
The Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park is a four-acre (1.6 ha) memorial to Franklin D. Roosevelt that celebrates the Four Freedoms he articulated in his 1941 State of the Union address. It is located in New York City at the southernmost point of Roosevelt Island, in the East River between Manhattan Island and Queens. It was originally designed by the architect Louis Kahn in 1974, but funds were only secured for groundbreaking in 2010 and completion in 2012.
Henry J. Carter Specialty Hospital and Nursing Facility, also known as NYC Health + Hospitals/Carter is a long-term acute care hospital (LTACH) located in East Harlem, New York City that was opened in 2013 by the New York City Health and Hospitals corporation.
The Delacorte Fountain, also known as the Delacorte Geyser, was a large fountain located near the southern tip of Roosevelt Island in New York City. Dedicated in 1969, the fountain operated from 1970 until 1986 when it last broke down and was abandoned. The remains of the former fountain, including the building that housed its equipment, were demolished in 1994. The former site of the fountain is now occupied by Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park.
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