45 East 66th Street

Last updated

45 East 66th Street
45 East 66th Street.jpg
Seen from across Madison Avenue and 66th Street (2009)
45 East 66th Street
Location45 E. 66th St., Manhattan, New York
Coordinates 40°46′05″N73°58′05″W / 40.76806°N 73.96806°W / 40.76806; -73.96806 (Building at 45 East 66th Street)
Area10,042 sq ft (932.9 m2)
Built1908 (1908)
Architect Harde & Short
Architectural style French Gothic
Part of Upper East Side Historic District (ID84002803)
NRHP reference No. 80002674 [1]
NYSRHP No.06101.000059
NYCL No.0963
Significant dates
Added to NRHPMay 6, 1980 [1]
Designated NYSRHPJune 23, 1980 [2]
Designated NYCLNovember 15, 1977 [3]

45 East 66th Street (also known as 777 Madison Avenue) is a cooperative apartment building on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City, United States. It was built between 1906 and 1908 and was designed by the firm of Harde & Short. The building is one of a few luxury apartment buildings that were developed in the surrounding area prior to World War I. It is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Contents

The building, located at the northeast corner of Madison Avenue and 66th Street, is ten stories high. The facade is made of red brick, with light-colored French Gothic–style terracotta details spread across the facade. The Madison Avenue and 66th Street facades are both divided vertically into three bays and are ornamented with details such as band courses, ogee arches, finials, crockets, and tracery. Initially, the building had 20 apartments, surrounding a light court at the center; the typical apartment included three to four bedrooms and several family rooms. The ground-story apartments were replaced with retail in 1929, and the apartments were subdivided in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Over the years, architectural critics such as Paul Goldberger and Christopher Gray have praised the detailing on the facade.

The building was developed by Parkview Real Estate Company, which was led by Charles F. Rogers. The structure was sold in 1912 after going into foreclosure, and it was resold twice more in the next decade. Bing & Bing owned the building from 1929 to 1973, when the racehorse owner Sigmund Sommer bought it. Sommer fired several employees and made other changes to the building, triggering rent strikes and lawsuits. Bing & Bing ultimately repurchased 45 East 66th Street in 1977 and resold it to Martin J. Raynes in 1985. Raynes converted the building into a housing cooperative, and the facade was renovated in the late 1980s. After Raynes ended his involvement with the building in 1990, Classic Properties sponsored the co-op conversion and sold the retail space. A penthouse structure atop the building was erected in the 2010s.

Site

45 East 66th Street is on the northeastern corner of 66th Street and Madison Avenue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. [4] [5] The building has an alternate address of 777 Madison Avenue. [6] The rectangular land lot covers 10,042 square feet (932.9 m2), with a frontage of 100 feet (30 m) on 66th Street to the south and 100.42 feet (30.61 m) on Madison Avenue to the west. [5] The building itself measures approximately 100.5 by 89.1 feet (30.6 by 27.2 m) across. [7] Nearby structures include the Sara Delano Roosevelt Memorial House at 49 East 65th Street, on the block to the south, [5] [8] and the Seventh Regiment Armory between 66th and 67th streets, on the block to the east. [5] [9]

Prior to the current building's construction, the site at 777 Madison Avenue had been occupied by a four-story stone house and a brick-and-stone church. [10] When the building was developed in the 1900s, the surrounding area was occupied by rowhouses. [11] A small number of luxury apartments were built nearby before World War I, including the Verona two blocks south. [12]

Architecture

The building was designed by Harde & Short [13] [14] [lower-alpha 1] and rises 10 stories. [16] It contains decorative details inspired by the French Gothic style. [13] [16] The decorations are spread across the entire facade, unlike in other buildings built in New York City before World War I, where the decorations were typically confined to the bottom and top stories. [17] According to the historian Christopher Gray, the decorations are similar to that of the Leuven Town Hall in Leuven, Belgium. [18]

Rounded corner Madison Av May 2024 29.jpg
Rounded corner

The decorations at 45 East 66th Street resemble those of several other buildings designed by Harde & Short. Before designing 45 East 66th Street, Harde & Short had designed the Red House at 350 West 85th Street, which also included large amounts of Gothic decoration. [19] [20] The turret at the building's corner was adapted from another Harde & Short building at West End Avenue and 80th Street; [20] the firm later used a similar rounded corner in the Alwyn Court. [19] [21] The building's decorations also influenced the design of 44 West 77th Street, which was built shortly afterward. [18] [22]

Facade

45 East 66th Street is mostly clad in red brick, with light-colored terracotta details inspired by the French Gothic style, [13] [16] in addition to pieces of blackened mortar. The facade's two primary elevations—the western elevation on Madison Avenue and the southern elevation on 66th Street—which are connected by a rounded turret at the corner. [16] [17] The turret rises the entire height of the building and curves 180 degrees counterclockwise from the northwest to the southeast. [17] Each elevation is divided vertically into three bays. [14] The northernmost bay on Madison Avenue and the easternmost bay on 66th Street protrude slightly from the facade, with twisting engaged columns on either side, and consist of five windows on each story. The other bays on both facades are narrower; the two western bays on 66th Street have three windows per story, while the two southern bays on Madison Avenue have four windows per story. [16]

The building's main entrance is on 66th Street. [16] The original entrance was through a stone doorway at the corner of Madison Avenue and 66th Street, surrounded by leaf motifs and flanked by canopied windows. [21] Above both the first and second stories are horizontal band courses. [16] At the second and third stories, the windows in each bay are surrounded by a round arch with a drip molding, and there are corbels on either side of each bay. All stories above the first floor contain sash windows in a twelve-over-twelve configuration, except for the third floor, which has eight-over-eight windows. [23] On both elevations of the facade, there is a balustrade with scrollwork in front of the fourth-story windows. [24]

On the fourth through tenth stories, there are pointed ribs and terracotta key patterns on both sides of each bay. In addition, the windows above the fourth and fifth stories have terracotta spandrels with arch decorations. A Gothic canopy with ogee arches, finials, crockets, and tracery is located above each of the sixth-story windows. The canopies above the narrower bays are connected by trefoil arches with finials. At the seventh through ninth stories, the spandrels above each window consist of arches and corbels. Within each bay, there is an ogee arch above the tenth-story windows, which is decorated with tracery. [24] Above the tenth story is a cornice with arches and vertical grooves, which resemble a partial colonnade. [17] [24] Above the cornice was originally a double-height parapet, which was removed in the 20th century due to extreme deterioration. [17] The top of the roof was originally 18 feet (5.5 m) higher than the top of the facade. [25] A penthouse is placed above the roof. [26]

Madison Av May 2024 48.jpg
First through third stories
Madison Av May 2024 58.jpg
Fourth through sixth stories
Madison Av May 2024 57.jpg
Seventh through tenth stories

Features

According to the New York City Department of City Planning, the building has a gross floor area of 86,910 square feet (8,074 m2). [5] The original plans for the building called for 41 apartments decorated with hardwood, mosaic, and marble tile. The structure would be outfitted with steam heating and electric elevators. [27] Initially, the building had 20 apartments, [28] with two on each floor. [6] The typical apartment had several family rooms, including a foyer, music room, living room, dining room, and salon, which covered a total of 1,600 square feet (150 m2). In addition, each of the apartments had four bathrooms and three to four regular bedrooms, along with some smaller bedrooms for the live-in staff. [6] Each of the apartments had about 12 or 13 rooms in total, and many were ornamented with elaborate woodwork. Similarly to the later Alwyn Court, the apartments surrounded a light court at the center. [14]

The ground-story apartments were replaced with commercial storefronts as part of a 1929 renovation; the original entrance was moved from the curved corner to 66th Street at that time. Many of the remaining apartments were divided in the late 1940s and early 1950s, increasing the number of apartments to 34. [28] By the late 20th century, some of the apartments on the intermediate floors remained intact, but only the tenth floor retained its original layout. [14] After the building was converted to a housing cooperative, the upper stories have included 33 apartments, while the lower stories have contained several storefronts and offices. [29] The Department of City Planning cites the building as being split into 33 apartments and three non-residential units. [5] At the beginning of the 21st century, the building had about 5,200 square feet (480 m2) of retail space. [30] [31]

History

Development and early years

The building viewed from 66th Street Madison Av May 2024 01.jpg
The building viewed from 66th Street

The building was developed by Parkview Real Estate Company, which was led by Charles F. Rogers. [19] In early 1906, the firm of Schwartz & Gross was hired to an 11-story apartment building at Madison Avenue and 66th Street, which was expected to cost $400,000. [32] [33] Parkview Real Estate hired Harde and Short that May to design an apartment building on the site. [27] The next month, Harde and Short submitted plans for a ten-story apartment building on the site, which was to cost $1 million, to the New York City Department of Buildings. [7] [34] The Century Investing Company lent Parkview Real Estate $315,000 to pay for the building's construction. [35] The structure was initially called the Parkview, a tribute to the fact that Central Park was one block west. [6]

777 Madison Avenue was completed in 1908, [19] [14] and the Empire Trust Company lent Parkview Real Estate $115,000 for the property that year. [36] Originally, the building's valuation was assessed at $1 million. [37] In spite of the recent Panic of 1907, many of the building's apartments had been rented out shortly after its completion. [6] Among the building's early residents was the socialite Micaela de Acosta, whose daughter Aida de Acosta was married there in 1908. [38] Other tenants included the socialite Helen Phelps Stokes, [39] as well as the businessman Anson Wood Burchard. [40] In 1910, Albert J. Bodker was hired to add some bathrooms. [41] The structure soon went into foreclosure, [14] and it was auctioned off in May 1912. [42] [43] The Barney Estate Company took over the building. [43] [44] The new owners obtained a $500,000 mortgage from the Title Insurance Company and a $500,000 mortgage from United States Realty. [45] 777 Madison Avenue was resold in 1919 to I. Randolph Jacobs and Everett Jacobs; [39] [37] at the time, the building was valued at $800,000. [37]

By the early 1920s, the building's tenants paid $130,000 per year in rent. The Jacobses resold the building in November 1921 to Max Loewenthal, and they acquired Loewenthal's 22-room country estate in North Castle, New York, in exchange. [46] The building had originally been surrounded by a recessed areaway, but this was infilled in the early 20th century as Madison Avenue became more commercial in character. [6] By the 1920s, the building's residents included the businessman Harry F. Guggenheim, former police chief Theodore A. Bingham, the novelist Cosmo Hamilton, and the businessman William Delavan Baldwin. [47]

Bing and Bing ownership

The original main entrance, now a storefront Madison Av May 2024 31.jpg
The original main entrance, now a storefront

Gresham Realty, led by the real-estate investor Alexander Bing, bought 777 Madison Avenue in February 1928. [47] [48] At this point, the structure was valued at $1.5 million. [47] Bing's firm, later known as Bing & Bing, owned the building for the next 45 years. [14] Due to increasing demand for commercial space, the ground-story spaces were converted to storefronts in 1929 and the entrance moved to 45 East 66th Street. [14] [28] After the commercial space was finished, the Scottish-goods importer MacDougalls of Inverness leased a storefront at the building. [49] [50] The antiques dealer Walter Philipp leased a storefront in 1938. [51] Among the building's residents in the mid-20th century were the singer Morton Downey, [52] the politician Grafton D. Cushing, [53] and the socialite Nelly Régine Beer (the wife of banking magnate Robert de Rothschild). [54]

Most of the apartments remained intact during the Great Depression, but rental income decreased due to temporary rent regulation restrictions imposed during World War II. [6] As such, from 1948 to 1953, the owners subdivided most of the upper-story apartments as older tenants moved out. [6] [28] During the mid-1950s, many of the decorations on the sixth and tenth floors were removed. [14] The Sagittarius Gallery moved to 45 East 66th Street in 1958, [55] and the retailer Henry Greenhut moved into the building the next year. [56] In addition, Betty Metcalf opened a dress shop there in 1963. [57]

Sommer ownership and Bing repurchase

The racehorse owner Sigmund Sommer bought 45 East 66th Street in July 1973; [58] [59] at the time, the building's residents included United Nations ambassadors and theatrical personalities, who paid up to $2,500 a month. [60] [61] After taking over, Sommer allegedly fired three employees, [62] and he converted the original manually-operated elevator to automatic operation. [58] [63] He also changed the lightbulbs, a move protested by several tenants. [58] [64] The dissenting tenants claimed that the building was being neglected and that the employees' dismissals made the building less safe, [58] [62] though Sommer claimed that he had lost over $33,000 in one fiscal year. [60] The tenants filed suit to prevent Sommer from dismissing the staff, [60] [65] and they also went on a rent strike, withholding thousands of dollars until the staff were reinstated. [58] [66] Several of the building's residents went to the Belmont Park horse track to protest Sommer. [58] [67] The protesting tenants bet on Sommer's horse, in the hope that they would win $100,000 to hire the elevator operator, [66] although they lost their money. [58] [67] Sommer agreed to rehire the doorman. [63]

In late 1974, the state's conciliation and appeals board fined Sommer $2,500 for dismissing the elevator operator. [60] [68] Even though the elevator had just been automated, the board ordered Sommer in late 1974 to hire an elevator operator. [60] [61] Sommer appealed the decision, forcing the tenants to operate the elevator themselves; twenty tenants went on a rent strike while the decision was appealed. [60] The New York Supreme Court ruled in early 1975 that the elevator operator had to be hired, [69] [70] although the $2,500 fine was waived. [70] That November, New York's landlords and tenants court ruled that, because the building had lacked an elevator operator for 11 months, Sommer had to refund tenants 10% of the rent payments made during that time. [71] The New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, upheld the Supreme Court ruling in 1976, mandating that an elevator operator be hired. [61] [69]

Bing and Bing bought back the building in 1977. [72] Afterward, the tenants sought to have the building designated as a city landmark, and they commissioned Christopher Gray to write a report about 45 East 66th Street. [73] The owners, who opposed the designation, hired the architect Percival Goodman, who claimed that the preservation movement "will be cheapened by dubious designations". [18] Conversely, the Municipal Art Society, the American Institute of Architects' local chapter, the Society of Architectural Historians, and several individual architects supported landmark protection. [18] The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) considered designating 45 East 66th Street as a city landmark in May 1977, [74] and the commission granted the designation on November 15, 1977. [75] The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1980. [1] By the early 1980s, the building's retail tenants included the shoe store Botticellino [76] and the jeweler Fred Leighton. [77] In addition, the building had an Italian shoe boutique, Flaminia Shoes. [78]

Co-op conversion

Architectural detail of the building's curved corner at Madison Avenue and 66th Street, as seen from the ground Madison Av May 2024 25.jpg
Architectural detail of the building's curved corner at Madison Avenue and 66th Street, as seen from the ground

In 1985, the developer Martin J. Raynes agreed to buy 45 East 66th Street and several other properties from Bing and Bing, with plans to convert the structures into condominiums or cooperatives. [79] Raynes began converting 45 East 66th Street into cooperative apartments. [14] The cooperative apartments on the upper floors constituted a single condominium for ownership purposes, while the retail space and two professional offices downstairs were split into three different ownership condominiums. [29] Several retailers opened stores at the building in 1987, including the clothing retailer Alexon Group, [80] the clothing retailer David Berk, [81] and the jeweler Matthew Hoffman. [82] This was followed in 1988 by the opening of Christian de Castelnau's clothing boutique, [83] which operated in the building for only two years. [29] The co-op conversion took effect in September 1988. [14] As part of the co-op agreement, workers were not allowed to renovate the building during the summer. [84]

After the co-op conversion went into effect, the engineer Vincent Stramandinoli supervised a restoration of the facade, [14] while Hydro Kleen was hired to clean the facade. [85] Raynes ended his involvement with the co-op conversion in 1990. Classic Properties sponsored the conversion of the apartments, while the Executive Life Insurance Company became a limited partner in the conversion. [29] The next year, Mitsui Real Estate Sales bought the building's ground-level retail space from Raines for $14.75 million, or $2,854.65 per square foot ($30,727.2/m2). [29] La Perla opened a clothing boutique at 777 Madison Avenue in 1994. [86] Twelve of the building's apartments were still rental units by then, even as the remaining tenants had bought into the co-op offering plan. [64] The building gained more retail tenants in the late 1990s, including the luxury label Goldpfeil [87] and the Italian shoe boutique Pancaldi. [88]

Friedland Properties bought the retail space for $22.55 million in 2001; it was estimated to be the most costly commercial-real-estate transaction in New York City. [30] [31] At the time, the building's retail tenants included a Charles Jourdan shoe store, as well as David Berk, La Perla, and Fred Leighton. [30] The same year, part of the ground-floor interior was renovated to accommodate an expansion of the Fred Leighton store. [89] A Judith Ripka jewelry boutique opened at the building in 2005. [90] The LPC approved plans for a penthouse structure atop the building in 2014, [26] [91] with a bedroom, bathrooms, and dressing rooms. [26] Former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani lived on the top floor at the time; according to his ex-wife Judith, Rudy had opposed the penthouse's construction because he did not want his apartment to lose its status as the building's penthouse. [91] The penthouse was ultimately built anyway. [91] The diamond company De Beers operated a temporary store at 777 Madison Avenue during the late 2010s. [92] The building continues to operate as a co-op, with a doorman, into the 2020s. [84]

Reception

When the building was being considered for landmark designation in 1977, the historian Paul Goldberger praised the building, saying the "eccentricity of its lavish detailing and round tower strikes just the right note on bustling Madison Avenue" because the decorations redirected observers' attention upward. [73] In another news article three years later, Goldberger felt that the building was "just elaborate enough to be showy, just restrained enough to be dignified". [93] In a 1992 book about apartment buildings in New York City, Andrew Alpern wrote that the facade's decorations "show an intricate complexity of surface treatment and a flamboyance that has few equals in all the city". [17] Christopher Gray, writing for The New York Times in 1988, called the structure a "high-water mark in early apartment styling", as buildings erected in the city after World War I were generally designed in a more conservative style. [14] Not all commentary was positive; Goodman felt that the building had a mediocre design and that its architects had little influence. [18]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Dakota</span> Residential building in Manhattan, New York

The Dakota, also known as the Dakota Apartments, is a cooperative apartment building at 1 West 72nd Street on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City, United States. The Dakota was constructed between 1880 and 1884 in the German Renaissance style and was designed by Henry Janeway Hardenbergh for businessman Edward Cabot Clark. The building was one of the first large developments on the Upper West Side and is the oldest remaining luxury apartment building in New York City. The building is a National Historic Landmark and has been designated a city landmark by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. The building is also a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tudor City</span> Apartment complex in Manhattan, New York

Tudor City is an apartment complex on the East Side of Manhattan in New York City, bordering the Turtle Bay and Murray Hill neighborhoods. It lies on a low cliff east of Second Avenue, between 40th and 43rd Streets, and overlooks First Avenue to the east. Designed and developed by the Fred F. French Company, the complex is named for its Tudor Revival architecture. Construction commenced in 1926, making it one of the first residential skyscraper complexes in the world. Tudor City was also one of the first and largest examples of a planned middle-class residential community in New York City. The complex is a New York City designated landmark district and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Majestic (apartment building)</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The Majestic is a cooperative apartment building at 115 Central Park West, between 71st and 72nd Streets, adjacent to Central Park on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was constructed from 1930 to 1931 and was designed by the firm of Irwin S. Chanin in the Art Deco style. The Majestic is 30 stories tall, with twin towers rising from a 19-story base. The building is a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places–listed district, and is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Century (apartment building)</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The Century is an apartment building at 25 Central Park West, between 62nd and 63rd Streets, adjacent to Central Park on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was constructed from 1930 to 1931 at a cost of $6.5 million and designed by the firm of Irwin S. Chanin in the Art Deco style. The Century is 30 stories tall, with twin towers rising from a 19-story base. The building is a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places–listed district, and is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">555 Edgecombe Avenue</span> Historic building in Manhattan, New York

555 Edgecombe Avenue is an apartment building at the southwest corner of Edgecombe Avenue and 160th Street in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It was originally known as the Roger Morris Apartments when it was built in 1914–16 – after the retired British Army officer who built the nearby Morris–Jumel Mansion – and was designed by Schwartz & Gross, who specialized in apartment buildings. The building was declared a National Historic Landmark under the name Paul Robeson Residence in 1976, and it became a New York City designated landmark in 1993.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alwyn Court</span> Residential building in Manhattan, New York

The Alwyn Court, also known as the Alwyn, is an apartment building at 180 West 58th Street, at the southeast corner with Seventh Avenue, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. The Alwyn Court was built between 1907 and 1909 and was designed by Harde & Short in the French Renaissance style. It is one of several luxury developments constructed along Seventh Avenue during the late 19th and early 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Apthorp</span> Condominium in Manhattan, New York

The Apthorp is a condominium building at 2211 Broadway on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City, United States. The 12-story structure was designed by Clinton & Russell in the Italian Renaissance Revival style and occupies the full block between Broadway, West End Avenue, and West 78th and 79th Streets. It was built between 1905 and 1908 as a residential hotel by William Waldorf Astor, who named it after the Apthorp Farm, of which the site used to be part. The Apthorp is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Wilbraham</span> Historic building in Manhattan, New York

The Wilbraham is an apartment building at 282–284 Fifth Avenue and 1 West 30th Street in the Midtown South neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. The nine-story structure was designed by David and John Jardine in the Romanesque Revival style, with elements of the Renaissance Revival style, and occupies the northwestern corner of 30th Street and Fifth Avenue. It was built between 1888 and 1890 as a bachelor apartment hotel. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission has designated the Wilbraham as an official city landmark, and the building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Dorilton</span> Housing cooperative in New York City

The Dorilton is a luxury residential housing cooperative at 171 West 71st Street, at the northeast corner with Broadway, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. The 12-story building, designed by local firm Janes & Leo in the Beaux-Arts style, was built between 1900 and 1902 for real estate developer Hamilton M. Weed. The Dorilton is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Belnord</span> Condominium building in Manhattan, New York

The Belnord is a condominium building at 225 West 86th Street on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. The 13-story structure was designed by Hiss and Weekes in the Italian Renaissance Revival style and occupies the full block between Broadway, Amsterdam Avenue, and 86th and 87th Streets. It was built between 1908 and 1909 by a syndicate of investors as a rental apartment building. The Belnord is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manhattan House</span> Residential building in Manhattan, New York

Manhattan House is a 21-story residential condominium building at 200 East 66th Street on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. The building was designed in the modern style by Gordon Bunshaft of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM), in partnership with the firm of Albert Mayer and Julian Whittlesey. It occupies a full city block bounded by Third Avenue to the west, 66th Street to the north, Second Avenue to the east, and 65th Street to the south. Constructed between 1949 and 1951, Manhattan House was developed by the New York Life Insurance Company as a middle-class apartment building. The complex is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crown Building (Manhattan)</span> Building in Manhattan, New York

The Crown Building is a 25-story, 416-foot-tall (127 m) building at 730 Fifth Avenue, on the southwest corner of Fifth Avenue and 57th Street, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Constructed between 1920 and 1922 for the philanthropist August Heckscher, the structure was designed by Warren and Wetmore as an office building. The lower levels contain retail space, while the upper levels became the luxury Aman New York hotel and residences in 2022. The structure has been a New York City designated landmark since 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ritz Tower</span> Residential building in Manhattan, New York

The Ritz Tower is a luxury residential building at 465 Park Avenue on the corner of East 57th Street in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. It was built from 1925 to 1926 as an apartment hotel and was designed by Emery Roth and Thomas Hastings for journalist Arthur Brisbane, who was the developer. The Ritz Tower is about 541 feet (165 m) with 41 stories, making it the tallest residential building in New York City upon its completion. Because it was initially classified as an apartment hotel, the building was constructed to a greater height than was usually permitted.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">130 West 57th Street</span> Office building in Manhattan, New York

130 West 57th Street is an office building on 57th Street between Sixth Avenue and Seventh Avenue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It was built from 1907 to 1908 and designed by Pollard and Steinam, who also simultaneously designed the neighboring, nearly identical building at 140 West 57th Street. The buildings are among several in Manhattan that were built in the early 20th century as both studio and residences for artists.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">400 Madison Avenue</span> Office building in Manhattan, New York

400 Madison Avenue is a 22-story office building in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It is along Madison Avenue's western sidewalk between 47th and 48th Streets, near Grand Central Terminal. 400 Madison Avenue was designed by H. Craig Severance with Neo-Gothic architectural detailing.

18 East 50th Street, also known as the Hampton Shops Building and the New York Health & Racquet Club Building, is an office building in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Located on the south side of 50th Street, on the middle of the block between Fifth Avenue and Madison Avenue, it was designed by William Lawrence Rouse, Lafayette Anthony Goldstone, and Joseph L. Steinam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">488 Madison Avenue</span> Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

488 Madison Avenue, also known as the Look Building, is a 25-story office building in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. It is along Madison Avenue's western sidewalk between 51st and 52nd Streets, near St. Patrick's Cathedral. 488 Madison Avenue was designed by Emery Roth & Sons in the International Style, and it was constructed and developed by Uris Brothers. The building was originally named for its primary tenant, the American magazine Look.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockefeller Apartments</span> Residential building in Manhattan, New York

The Rockefeller Apartments is a residential building at 17 West 54th Street and 24 West 55th Street in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Designed by Wallace Harrison and J. André Fouilhoux in the International Style, the Rockefeller Apartments was constructed between 1935 and 1936. The complex was originally designed with 138 apartments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">275 Madison Avenue</span> Office building in Manhattan, New York

275 Madison Avenue is a 43-story office building in the Murray Hill neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It is along the southeast corner of Madison Avenue and 40th Street, near Grand Central Terminal. The building, constructed from 1930 to 1931, was designed by Kenneth Franzheim in a mixture of the Art Deco and International styles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">200 Madison Avenue</span> Office building in Manhattan, New York

200 Madison Avenue is a 25-story office building in the Murray Hill neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It is along the west side of Madison Avenue between 35th and 36th Streets. Designed by Warren and Wetmore, it was built from 1925 to 1926.

References

Notes

  1. ↑ The building is sometimes incorrectly attributed to Stanford White. [15]

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 "Federal Register: 46 Fed. Reg. 10451 (Feb. 3, 1981)" (PDF). Library of Congress. February 3, 1981. p. 10649 (PDF p. 179). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 1, 2021. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  2. ↑ "Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS)". New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. November 7, 2014. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
  3. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1977, p. 1.
  4. ↑ White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 429. ISBN   978-0-19538-386-7.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "45 East 66 Street, 10065". New York City Department of City Planning . Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Alpern 1992 , p. 93.
  7. 1 2 "The Building Department". The New York Times. June 8, 1906. p. 13. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved September 16, 2024; "Big Deal in West 58th Street". New-York Tribune. June 8, 1906. p. 11. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  8. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1981 , p. 245.
  9. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1981 , p. 1094.
  10. ↑ "Conveyances: Manhattan". The Real Estate Record: Real estate record and builders' guide. Vol. 79, no. 2039. March 9, 1907. p. 506. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024– via columbia.edu.
  11. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1977 , p. 1; National Park Service 1980 , p. 4.
  12. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1981 , p. 11.
  13. 1 2 3 New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p.  161. ISBN   978-0-470-28963-1.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Gray, Christopher (October 16, 1988). "Streetscapes: 45 East 66th Street; For a Jewel on the East Side, A Loving Facade Restoration". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  15. ↑ Harvin, Al (May 1, 1979). "Sigmund Sommer, 62, Real Estate Dealer". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 22, 2018. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1977 , p. 2; National Park Service 1980 , p. 2.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Alpern 1992 , p. 91.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 Horsley, Carter B. (August 26, 1977). "Proposed Landmark's Quality Questioned". The New York Times. p. 21. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   123209085.
  19. 1 2 3 4 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1977 , p. 2; National Park Service 1980 , p. 6.
  20. 1 2 Alpern 1992 , pp. 91–93.
  21. 1 2 Gray, Christopher (December 4, 2005). "2 Architects' Brief Journey Into Design Pyrotechnics". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  22. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1977 , p. 2.
  23. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1977 , pp. 2–3; National Park Service 1980 , p. 2.
  24. 1 2 3 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1977 , p. 3; National Park Service 1980 , p. 2.
  25. ↑ Dunlap, David W. (September 3, 1982). "Touring Hushed World of City Mansions". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  26. 1 2 3 Bindelglass, Evan (December 10, 2014). "Even Rudy Giuliani Couldn't Stop An Addition To His Building". Curbed NY. Archived from the original on September 14, 2024. Retrieved September 14, 2024.
  27. 1 2 "Million Dollar Apartment House for Madison Av". The Real Estate Record: Real estate record and builders' guide. Vol. 77, no. 1993. May 26, 1906. p. 996. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024– via columbia.edu.
  28. 1 2 3 4 National Park Service 1980 , p. 3.
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 Dunlap, David W. (July 7, 1991). "Commercial Property: Retail Condominiums; For the Premier Locations, The Price Is Commensurate". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 25, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  30. 1 2 3 Herman, Eric (February 28, 2001). "More Than 4G a Sq. Ft. For 4 Madison Ave. Shops". New York Daily News. p. 25. ISSN   2692-1251. ProQuest   305656373 . Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  31. 1 2 "Friedland Pays Record For Madison Ave. Sites". Newsday. Bloomberg News. February 28, 2001. p. A45. ISSN   2574-5298. ProQuest   279404164.
  32. ↑ "Big Apartment House for Madison Avenue Corner". The Real Estate Record: Real estate record and builders' guide. Vol. 77, no. 1982. March 10, 1906. p. 416. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024– via columbia.edu.
  33. ↑ "Residences and Flats". The Construction News. Vol. 21, no. 16. April 21, 1906. p. 312. ProQuest   128408107.
  34. ↑ "Projected Buildings". The Real Estate Record: Real estate record and builders' guide. Vol. 77, no. 1995. June 9, 1906. p. 1130. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024– via columbia.edu.
  35. ↑ "Building Loan Contracts". The Real Estate Record: Real estate record and builders' guide. Vol. 79, no. 2039. March 9, 1907. p. 529. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024– via columbia.edu.
  36. ↑ "Real Estate Notes". The Real Estate Record: Real estate record and builders' guide. Vol. 82, no. 2105. July 11, 1908. p. 96. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024– via columbia.edu.
  37. 1 2 3 "Newspaper Specials". The Wall Street Journal. April 9, 1919. p. 9. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  38. ↑ "Root at Nephew's Wedding.: Oren Root Marries Mrs. Ada De Acosta in New York". The Washington Post. November 6, 1908. p. 7. ISSN   0190-8286. ProQuest   144818839.
  39. 1 2 "Apartment Houses Centre of Big Buying Movement". New-York Tribune. April 8, 1919. p. 18. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  40. ↑ "Hitch in Wedding of Anson Burchard; Applied in London for License to Marry Mrs. Hostetter and Then Withdrew". The New York Times. November 22, 1912. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  41. ↑ "Manhattan Alterations". The Real Estate Record: Real estate record and builders' guide. Vol. 85, no. 2195. April 9, 1910. p. 757. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024– via columbia.edu.
  42. ↑ "Auction Sales This Week: To Take Place at 14 and 16 Vesey Street, Unless Otherwise Specified". The New York Times. May 5, 1912. p. XX3. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   97262782.
  43. 1 2 "Manhattan Alterations". The Real Estate Record: Real estate record and builders' guide. Vol. 89, no. 2303. May 4, 1912. p. 925. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024– via columbia.edu.
  44. ↑ "The Real Estate Field". The New York Times. October 26, 1912. p. 18. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024; "Business Troubles". The Sun. October 26, 1912. p. 17. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  45. ↑ "The Real Estate Field". The New York Times. May 11, 1912. p. 18. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  46. ↑ "Madison Avenue Apartment Sold in $1,500,000 Track: I. Rudolph and Everett Jacobs Sell 66th Street Corner, Taking in Part Payment Westchester Estate Which They Have Occupied as Tenants". New-York Tribune. November 13, 1921. p. A13. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   576535478 ; "Madison Avenue Deal; Eleven-Story Apartment Sold In $1,500,000 Transaction". The New York Times. November 20, 1921. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  47. 1 2 3 "Alexander Bing Buys Madison Av. Corner; Ten-Story Apartment at 66th Street Is Bought From Max Lowenthal—West Side Deal". The New York Times. February 20, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  48. ↑ "Wreckers Taking Down New Rochelle Landmark". New York Herald Tribune. February 22, 1928. p. 30. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113436733.
  49. ↑ "New York Store For Macdougalls: Plans To Open At 777 Madison Avenue About Feb. 1". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 39, no. 121. December 19, 1929. p. 20. ProQuest   1653963719.
  50. ↑ "Rentals of Business Space Centers in Midtown Section: Macdougall & Co., Ltd., Of London, Leases Store on Madison Avenue Corner". New York Herald Tribune. January 3, 1930. p. 19. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113089747.
  51. ↑ "Dealer in Antiques Rents Store in Madison Avenue". New York Herald Tribune. September 12, 1938. p. 28. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1244493161.
  52. ↑ "Morton Downey Takes 12-Room East Side Suite: Singer Will Occupy Large Furnished Unit in 66th Street; Attorney Leases Dealer in Antiques Rents Store in Madison Avenue". New York Herald Tribune. January 13, 1939. p. 30. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1255014674 ; "12-Room Apartment is Leased by Singer; Morton Downey Listed Among New Tenants in Ageney Reports". The New York Times. January 13, 1939. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  53. ↑ "Grafton Cushing, Lawyer, Dead, 74; Former Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts, As Well as Speaker of Legislature". The New York Times. June 1, 1939. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 27, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  54. ↑ "N. De Rothschild, Baron's Wife, Dies; Member of Banking Family Who Fled From Paris in 1940 a Welfare Worker Here". The New York Times. January 9, 1945. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  55. ↑ Ashton, Dore (October 24, 1958). "Art: Tanager Gallery Opens Season; Cooperative Exhibits Work of Members". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  56. ↑ "New York Retailer Moves". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 99, no. 94. October 27, 1959. p. 18. ProQuest   1523434342.
  57. ↑ "Design Aim Of Fashions Is Flexibility". The New York Times. April 23, 1963. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  58. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Goldstein, Marilyn (June 9, 1974). "Pickets at Belmont—Some Side Action". Newsday. p. 3. ISSN   2574-5298. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  59. ↑ "Sommer and Bing & Bing Close Deal". The New York Times. July 8, 1973. p. 266. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   119856144.
  60. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kaiser, Charles (January 26, 1975). "East Siders Fight Landlord on Cuts". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  61. 1 2 3 Medina, David (December 17, 1976). "Tenants Given Lift by Elevator Ruling". New York Daily News. p. 135. ISSN   2692-1251. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  62. 1 2 "30 East Side Tenants Accusing The Landlord of Cutting Service". The New York Times. August 5, 1974. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  63. 1 2 Baker, Sybil (September 2, 1974). "Landlord Bridled When They Picketed His Horse". New York Daily News. p. 117. ISSN   2692-1251. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  64. 1 2 Howe, Marvine (August 7, 1994). "Neighborhood Report: East Side; Madison Avenue Eviction Dispute: Tempest in a Gas Stove". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  65. ↑ Bowles, Pete (October 26, 1975). "Winningest U.S. Horse Owner". Newsday. p. 25. ISSN   2574-5298. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 17, 2024.
  66. 1 2 Baker, Sybil (June 9, 1974). "Picketed Landlord Gets His Lumps at Race-Track". New York Daily News. p. 120. ISSN   2692-1251 . Retrieved September 17, 2024.
  67. 1 2 "Horseowner's Tenants Picket at Belmont Park". The New York Times. June 9, 1974. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  68. ↑ Baker, Sybil (November 6, 1974). "Lift Case Going Up to Supreme Court". New York Daily News. p. 161. ISSN   2692-1251 . Retrieved September 17, 2024.
  69. 1 2 Wedemeyer, Dee (January 8, 1977). "The Night the Luxury Tenants Toasted Their Strike Victory". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 17, 2024. Retrieved September 17, 2024.
  70. 1 2 Baker, Sybil (March 5, 1975). "Breeder Gets a Horselaugh From Tenants". New York Daily News. p. 5. ISSN   2692-1251 . Retrieved September 17, 2024.
  71. ↑ Lewis, John (November 11, 1975). "Landlord Runs Out of the Money". New York Daily News. p. 7. ISSN   2692-1251 . Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  72. ↑ Oser, Alan S. (April 6, 1977). "About Real Estate: Bing & Bing Manhattan Properties in a New Shift". The New York Times. p. 92. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   123160034.
  73. 1 2 Goldberger, Paul (May 12, 1977). "Design Notebook: Tenants Fight For Landmark Designation". The New York Times. p. 60. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   123318102.
  74. ↑ "City Plans Auction of 425 Parcels". New York Daily News. May 8, 1977. p. 483. ISSN   2692-1251 . Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  75. ↑ "Interior Parts Of Met Museum Now Landmark". The New York Times. November 16, 1977. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved March 24, 2022; Miele, Alfred (November 16, 1977). "Landmarks in 3 Varieties". New York Daily News. p. 232. ISSN   2692-1251. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved March 24, 2022.
  76. ↑ Taylor, Angela (January 13, 1982). "Discoveries; An Early Start on a Spring Hat; 1. Colorful Straw Hats". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  77. ↑ "Retail Briefs". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 146, no. 101. November 22, 1983. p. 12. ProQuest   1445532518.
  78. ↑ Giovannini, Joseph (June 26, 1986). "The 'New' Madison Avenue: A European Street of Fashion". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 30, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  79. ↑ Wedemeyer, Dee (June 30, 1985). "Bing & Bing Sells Off Its Properties". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  80. ↑ Born, Pete (September 8, 1987). "Alexon's Us Chain Starts In New York". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 154, no. 48. p. 70. ProQuest   1445543816 ; Gross, Michael (September 15, 1987). "Notes on Fashion". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 1, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  81. ↑ Moin, David (October 7, 1987). "Berk Opens First U.S. Store". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 154, no. 68. p. 26. ProQuest   1445571184.
  82. ↑ "Accessories: Matthew Hoffman to Open Store in NY". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 154, no. 80. October 23, 1987. p. 14. ProQuest   1445585657.
  83. ↑ "De Castelnau To Open First Store, In N.Y.". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 155, no. 87. May 4, 1988. p. 2. ProQuest   1445576082.
  84. 1 2 Walter-Warner, Holden (August 7, 2023). "Rudy Giuliani Lists Upper East Side Pad for $6.5M". The Real Deal. Archived from the original on October 10, 2023. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  85. ↑ Gray, Christopher (October 11, 1992). "Getting the Grime off the Face of the City". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 30, 2019. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  86. ↑ Forden, Sara Gay (November 21, 1994). "Innerwear Report/In The Markets: La Perla Mulling Stock Offer". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 168, no. 101. p. 10. ProQuest   1445731107 ; Ward, Timothy Jack (November 24, 1994). "Currents; Design as Smooth as Skin". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 26, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  87. ↑ Meadus, Amanda (July 1, 1995). "High-Class Holiday". Women's Wear Daily. p. 6. ProQuest   1445663760.
  88. ↑ Croghan, Lore (October 18, 1999). "First-Time Emigres". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 15, no. 42. p. 3. ProQuest   219192878.
  89. ↑ Hessen, Wendy (January 29, 2001). "Accessories Report: A Mixed Trio Grows in Retailing: Fragments' Investment". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 181, no. 19. p. 11. ProQuest   1498748504.
  90. ↑ Holt, Emily (April 18, 2005). "Ripka's Second Stop on Madison". Women's Wear Daily. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved September 19, 2024; "Judith Ripka opens Madison Ave. flagship; unveils new collection". JCK. March 10, 2005. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  91. 1 2 3 Kodé, Anna (August 29, 2023). "Giuliani's Upper East Side Apartment Is for Sale". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 13, 2024. Retrieved September 14, 2024.
  92. ↑ Conti, Samantha (January 21, 2016). "De Beers Confirms Madison Avenue Location". WWD. Archived from the original on September 20, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  93. ↑ Goldberger, Paul (November 7, 1980). "Browsing Along The Madison Mile; Browsing Along a Special Mile on Madison—the 60's and 70's Where Retail Activity Starts Matrons' Art Deco The Drive to Look New The Climb Up Lenox Hill Windows of Wit and Grace Lively Auction Scene Big Crowds at the Whitney A Building of Good Manners". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 28, 2024. Retrieved September 19, 2024.

Sources

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.