Frick Collection

Last updated

The Frick Collection logo.png
Henry C Frick House 001.JPG
Henry C. Frick House on 5th Avenue
Frick Collection
Interactive fullscreen map
Established1935;88 years ago (1935)
Location Frick Madison, 945 Madison Avenue
(ordinarily 1 East 70th Street)
Manhattan, New York City
Coordinates 40°46′24.280″N73°57′49.813″W / 40.77341111°N 73.96383694°W / 40.77341111; -73.96383694
Type Art [1]
DirectorIan Wardropper
Public transit access Subway: NYCS-bull-trans-6-Std.svg NYCS-bull-trans-6d-Std.svg at 68th Street–Hunter College
Bus: M1, M2, M3, M4, M66, M72, M98, M101, M102, M103
Website www.frick.org OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

The Frick Collection is an art museum in New York City. Its permanent collection (normally at the Henry Clay Frick House, currently at the Frick Madison) features Old Master paintings and European fine and decorative arts, including works by Bellini, Fragonard, Goya, Holbein, Rembrandt, Titian, Turner, Velázquez, Vermeer, Thomas Gainsborough, and many others. The museum was founded by the industrialist Henry Clay Frick (1849–1919), and its collection has more than doubled in size since opening to the public in 1935. The Frick also houses the Frick Art Reference Library, a premier art history research center established in 1920 by Helen Clay Frick (1888–1984).

Contents

History

The Frick Collection became a public institution when Henry Clay Frick bequeathed his art collection, as well as his Upper East Side residence at 1 East 70th Street, to the public for the enjoyment of future generations.

Frick started his substantial collection as soon as he began amassing his fortune. A considerable portion of his art collection is located in his former residence “Clayton” in Pittsburgh, which is today a part of the Frick Art & Historical Center. Another part was given by his daughter and heiress Helen to the Frick Fine Arts Building, which is on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh.

The family did not permanently move from Pittsburgh to New York until 1905. Henry Frick initially leased the William H. Vanderbilt House at 640 Fifth Avenue, to which he moved a substantial portion of his collection. He had his permanent residence built between 1912 and 1914 by Thomas Hastings of Carrère and Hastings. He stayed in the house until his death in 1919. He willed the house and all of its contents, including the works of art, furniture, and decorative objects, as a public museum. His widow Adelaide Howard Childs Frick, however, retained the right of residence and continued living in the mansion with her daughter Helen. After Adelaide Frick died in 1931, the conversion of the house into a public museum started.

John Russell Pope altered and enlarged the building in the early 1930s to adapt it to use as a public institution. It opened to the public on December 16, 1935. Various additions to the architecture and landscape architecture of the museum site have been considered over the years including the placement of a prominent magnolia garden from the 1930s. As stated by the museum announcements: "As a result of a decision of the Board of Trustees in 1939, three magnolias were selected for the Fifth Avenue garden. The two trees on the lower tier are Saucer Magnolias (Magnolia soulangeana) and the species on the upper tier by the flagpole is a Star Magnolia (Magnolia stellata)." [2]

Expansion and controversy

Additional expansions of the museum took place in 1977 and in 2011. In 2014, the museum announced further expansion plans, but came up against community opposition because it would result in the loss of a garden designed by noted British landscape architect Russell Page. Landscape preservation advocate Charles A. Birnbaum of The Cultural Landscape Foundation garnered widespread attention when he and others disproved statements that the garden had been intended as only a temporary installation. The garden was saved when Birnbaum produced a contradictory original document issued by the Frick clearly identifying the space as a permanent garden. The Frick ultimately dropped those plans and is said to be considering other options. [3] [4] [5]

In March 2021, the Collection temporarily relocated to Frick Madison, at the Marcel Breuer-designed building at 945 Madison Avenue, during the renovation of the Henry Clay Frick House. [6]

Collection

The Frick is one of the preeminent small art museums in the United States, with a high-quality collection of old master paintings and fine furniture housed in nineteen galleries of varying size within the former residence. Frick had intended the mansion to become a museum eventually, and a few of the paintings are still arranged according to Frick's design. Besides its permanent collection, the Frick has always organized small, focused temporary exhibitions. [7]

The collection features some of the best-known paintings by major European artists as well as numerous works of sculpture and porcelain. It also has 18th-century French furniture, Limoges enamel, and Oriental rugs. [1] After Frick's death, his daughter, Helen Clay Frick, and the Board of Trustees expanded the collection: nearly half of the collection's artworks have been acquired since 1919. Although the museum cannot lend the works of art that belonged to Frick, as stipulated in his will, The Frick Collection does lend artworks and objects acquired since his death. [7]

Included in the collection are Jean-Honoré Fragonard's masterpiece The Progress of Love, three paintings by Johannes Vermeer including Mistress and Maid , two paintings by Jacob van Ruisdael including Quay at Amsterdam , [8] and Piero della Francesca's St. John the Evangelist.

Temporary exhibits

When the Mauritshuis in The Hague was under reconstruction in 2013 some of its works, including Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring and Carel Fabritius's The Goldfinch , toured the United States and, in New York, were exhibited at the Frick. [9]

Frick Art Reference Library

The Frick Collection oversees the nearby Frick Art Reference Library. The collections held at the library focus on art of the Western tradition from the fourth century to the mid-twentieth century, and chiefly include information about paintings, drawings, sculpture, prints, and illuminated manuscripts. Archival materials augment its research collections. Prior to opening in 1924, Helen Clay Frick used the basement bowling alley as storage space for the library. [10] The library quickly became known as a prime resource for students. [11]

Management

Attendance

According to The Art Newspaper , the Frick Collection has a typical annual attendance of 275,000 to 300,000. [12] [7]

Governance

In 2011, Ian Wardropper succeeded Anne Poulet, who had run the Frick Collection as director since 2003. [13] Poulet took the position after Samuel Sachs II stepped down after running the institution for six years. Poulet was the first female director of the Frick. [14] During her time at the Frick Collection, Poulet increased the museum's small board of trustees, adding 10 new members. She also introduced the Director's Circle, a group of 44 members who each give a minimum of $25,000 a year to the Frick Collection, although many have made significantly larger contributions. [14]

Funding

By 1997, the Frick Collection had an operating budget of $10 million and an endowment of $170 million. [15] Despite its large endowment, the institution still needs money to preserve the building. [7]

Education

In 2008, the Frick hired Rika Burnham as head of their education department. Burnham introduced several changes to the museum, including the introduction of monthly free entrance to the museum, called First Fridays. [16] First Fridays include gallery talks and activities for visitors.

Artworks

Featured artists include:

Selected highlights

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mauritshuis</span> Art museum in The Hague, Netherlands

The Mauritshuis is an art museum in The Hague, Netherlands. The museum houses the Royal Cabinet of Paintings which consists of 854 objects, mostly Dutch Golden Age paintings. The collection contains works by Johannes Vermeer, Rembrandt van Rijn, Jan Steen, Paulus Potter, Frans Hals, Jacob van Ruisdael, Hans Holbein the Younger, and others. Originally, the 17th-century building was the residence of count John Maurice of Nassau. It is now the property of the government of the Netherlands and is listed in the top 100 Dutch heritage sites.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Willem Drost</span> Dutch painter

Willem Drost was a Dutch Golden Age painter and printmaker of history paintings and portraits.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Norton Simon Museum</span> American art museum in California

The Norton Simon Museum is an art museum located in Pasadena, California. It was previously known as the Pasadena Art Institute and the Pasadena Art Museum and displays numerous sculptures on its grounds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Gallery of Art</span> National art museum in Washington, D.C., United States

The National Gallery of Art, and its attached Sculpture Garden, is a national art museum in Washington, D.C., United States, located on the National Mall, between 3rd and 9th Streets, at Constitution Avenue NW. Open to the public and free of charge, the museum was privately established in 1937 for the American people by a joint resolution of the United States Congress. Andrew W. Mellon donated a substantial art collection and funds for construction. The core collection includes major works of art donated by Paul Mellon, Ailsa Mellon Bruce, Lessing J. Rosenwald, Samuel Henry Kress, Rush Harrison Kress, Peter Arrell Browne Widener, Joseph E. Widener, and Chester Dale. The Gallery's collection of paintings, drawings, prints, photographs, sculpture, medals, and decorative arts traces the development of Western Art from the Middle Ages to the present, including the only painting by Leonardo da Vinci in the Americas and the largest mobile created by Alexander Calder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jean-Honoré Fragonard</span> French Rococo painter (1732–1806)

Jean-Honoré Fragonard was a French painter and printmaker whose late Rococo manner was distinguished by remarkable facility, exuberance, and hedonism. One of the most prolific artists active in the last decades of the Ancien Régime, Fragonard produced more than 550 paintings, of which only five are dated. Among his most popular works are genre paintings conveying an atmosphere of intimacy and veiled eroticism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calouste Gulbenkian Museum</span> Art museum in Lisbon, Portugal

The Calouste Gulbenkian Museum houses one of the world's most important private art collections. It includes works from Ancient Egypt to the early 20th century, spanning the arts of the Islamic World, China and Japan, as well as the French decorative arts, the jewellery of René Lalique and some of the most important painters of all times works such as Rembrandt, Monet, Rubens, Manet, Renoir, Degas and Turner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum</span> Art museum in Madrid, Spain

The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum, or simply the Thyssen, is an art museum in Madrid, Spain, located near the Prado Museum on one of the city's main boulevards. It is known as part of the "Golden Triangle of Art", which also includes the Prado and the Reina Sofía national galleries. The Thyssen-Bornemisza fills the historical gaps in its counterparts' collections: in the Prado's case this includes Italian primitives and works from the English, Dutch and German schools, while in the case of the Reina Sofia it concerns Impressionists, Expressionists, and European and American paintings from the 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum</span> Art museum in Braunschweig, Germany

The Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum (HAUM) is an art museum in the German city of Braunschweig, Lower Saxony.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frick Art Reference Library</span> Research library for Western art history

The Frick Art Reference Library is the research arm of The Frick Collection. Its reference services have temporarily relocated to the Breuer building at 945 Madison Avenue, called Frick Madison, during the renovation of the Frick's historic buildings at 10 East 71st Street in New York City. The library was founded in 1920 and it offers public access to materials on the study of art and art history in the Western tradition from the fourth to the mid-twentieth century. It is open to visitors 16 years of age or older and serves the greater art and art history research community through its membership in the New York Art Resources Consortium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Musée Jacquemart-André</span> Museum in Paris, France

The Musée Jacquemart-André is a private museum located at 158 Boulevard Haussmann in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. The museum was created from the private home of Édouard André (1833–1894) and Nélie Jacquemart (1841–1912) to display the art they collected during their lives.

<i>St. Francis in Ecstasy</i> (Bellini)

St. Francis in Ecstasy is a painting by Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, started in 1475 and completed around 1480. Bellini depicted the religious figure of St. Francis of Assisi in a landscape. In 1852, the painting was listed on June 19 at Christie's. It was part of the 1857 Manchester Art Treasures exhibition. In 1915, Henry Clay Frick bought the painting for $170,000, and it remains in the Frick Collection, in New York City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Collection of the National Gallery, London</span>

The National Gallery is the primary British national public art gallery, sited on Trafalgar Square, in central London. It is home to one of the world's greatest collections of Western European paintings. Founded in 1824, from an initial purchase of 36 paintings by the British Government, its collections have since grown to about 2,300 paintings by roughly 750 artists dating from the mid-13th century to 1900, most of which are on display. This page lists some of the highlights of the collection.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie de Besançon</span>

The musée des Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie in the French city of Besançon is the oldest public museum in France. It was set up in 1694, nearly a century before the Louvre became a public museum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry Clay Frick House</span> Mansion in Manhattan, New York

The Henry Clay Frick House was the residence of the industrialist and art patron Henry Clay Frick in New York City. The mansion is located between 70th and 71st Street and Fifth Avenue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. It was constructed in 1912–1914 by Thomas Hastings of Carrère and Hastings. It was transformed into a museum in the mid-1930s and houses the Frick Collection and the Frick Art Reference Library. The house and library were designated a National Historic Landmark in 2008 for their significance in the arts and architecture as a major repository of a Gilded Age art collection.

<i>The Polish Rider</i> Painting by Rembrandt

The Polish Rider is a seventeenth-century painting, usually dated to the 1650s, of a young man traveling on horseback through a murky landscape, now in The Frick Collection in New York. When the painting was sold by Zdzisław Tarnowski to Henry Frick in 1910, there was consensus that the work was by the Dutch painter Rembrandt. This attribution has since been contested, though those who contest it remain in the minority.

William Suhr was an American art conservator who led the conservation department of the Frick Collection from 1935 to 1977.

Thomas Agnew & Sons is a fine arts dealer in London that began life as part of in a print and publishing partnership with Vittore Zanetti in Manchester in 1817 which ended in 1835, when Agnew took full control of the company. The firm opened its London gallery in 1860, where it soon established itself as one of Mayfair's leading dealerships. Since then Agnew's has held a pre-eminent position in the world of Old Master paintings. It also had a major role in the massive growth of a market for contemporary British art in the late 19th century. In 2013, after nearly two centuries of family ownership, Agnew's closed. The name was subsequently purchased privately and the gallery is now run by Lord Anthony Crichton-Stuart, a former head of Christie's Old Master paintings department, New York.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arthur Joseph Sulley</span>

Arthur Joseph Sulley (1853-1930) was a London-based art dealer best known for selling Dutch Old Master paintings, including the record-setting Rembrandt van Rijn's The Mill.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">De Wild Family</span>

The De Wild family was a Dutch family of art professionals, including conservator-restorers, art dealers, painters, and connoisseurs. Prominent internationally in the late nineteenth century and into the twentieth century, they were especially known for their advances in art restoration.

Xavier F. Salomon is a British art critic and both Deputy Director and Peter Jay Sharp Chief Curator at the Frick Collection in New York. Born in Rome to an English mother and Danish father, he has British citizenship and is most notable for his expertise on Paolo Veronese. From April 2020 through July 2021, Salomon hosted an online program "Cocktails with a Curator" with Frick curators Aimee Ng and Giulio Dalvit. The program examined artworks at the Frick and had 66 episodes, which are available on YouTube and are the basis of a book.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 "The Frick Collection: About". ARTINFO. 2008. Archived from the original on October 5, 2008. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
  2. Frick online library. Description of architecture and landscape architecture. .
  3. Pogebrin, Robin (June 9, 2014) "Frick Seeks to Expand Beyond Jewel-Box Spaces" The New York Times
  4. Pogebrin, Robin (November 9, 2014) "Frick’s Plan for Expansion Faces Fight Over Loss of Garden" The New York Times
  5. Pogebrin, Robin (June 3, 2015) "Frick Museum Abandons Contested Renovation Plan" The New York Times
  6. Farago, Jason (February 25, 2021). "The Frick Savors the Opulence of Emptiness". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved March 19, 2021.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Carol Vogel (September 7, 1998), Director Tries Gentle Changes For the Frick New York Times .
  8. "Jacob van Ruisdael". Frick Collection. Archived from the original on October 7, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
  9. Past Exhibition: Vermeer, Rembrandt, and Hals
  10. Feuer, Alan (June 10, 2009). "In Frick's Basement, a Secret Masterpiece". The New York Times. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  11. John Russell (November 10, 1984), Helen Clay Frick Dies At 96 New York Times .
  12. Julia Halperin (January 11, 2014), Frick’s finch lays golden egg The Art Newspaper .
  13. Kate Taylor and Carol Vogel (May 19, 2011), The Frick Collection Names a New Director New York Times .
  14. 1 2 Carol Vogel (September 22, 2010), Director of Frick Collection Will Retire in Fall of 2011 New York Times .
  15. Carol Vogel (May 13, 1997), Frick Finds Its Director In Detroit New York Times .
  16. "The Frick Launches Free Monthly Evening Series- First Fridays | The Frick Collection". www.frick.org. Retrieved December 8, 2020.

Further reading