Jewish Museum (Manhattan)

Last updated

The Jewish Museum
Jewish Museum (Manhattan) Logo.png
Jewish Museum (48059132236).jpg
The Jewish Museum is housed in the Felix M. Warburg House.
Location map United States Manhattan.png
Red pog.svg
Location in Manhattan
Jewish Museum (Manhattan)
Interactive fullscreen map
Established1904
Location 1109 Fifth Avenue at 92nd Street, Manhattan, New York
Coordinates 40°47′7.4″N73°57′25.9″W / 40.785389°N 73.957194°W / 40.785389; -73.957194
TypeArt Museum
Architect C. P. H. Gilbert
Public transit access Subway : NYCS-bull-trans-4-Std.svg ​ NYCS-bull-trans-5-Std.svg ​ NYCS-bull-trans-6-Std.svg NYCS-bull-trans-6d-Std.svg at 86th Street
Bus : M1, M2, M3, M4, M86
Website thejewishmuseum.org OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

The Jewish Museum is an art museum and repository of cultural artifacts, housed at 1109 Fifth Avenue, in the former Felix M. Warburg House, along the Museum Mile on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, New York City. The first Jewish museum in the United States, as well as the oldest existing Jewish museum in the world, it contains the largest collection of art and Jewish culture excluding Israeli museums, more than 30,000 objects. [1] While its collection was established in 1904 at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, the museum did not open to the public until 1947 when Felix Warburg's widow sold the property to the Seminary. [2] It focuses both on artifacts of Jewish history and on modern and contemporary art. The museum's collection exhibition, Scenes from the Collection, is supplemented by multiple temporary exhibitions each year. [3]

Contents

History

The collection that seeded the museum began with a gift of Jewish ceremonial art objects from Judge Mayer Sulzberger to the Jewish Theological Seminary of America on January 20, 1904, where it was housed in the seminary's library. The collection was moved in 1931, with the Seminary, to 122nd and Broadway. The Jewish Theological Seminary received over 400 Jewish ceremonial items and created, 'The Museum of Jewish Ceremonial Objects', previously the Jacob Schiff Library. [1] The collection was subsequently expanded by major donations from Hadji Ephraim Benguiat and Harry G. Friedman. In 1939, in light of WWII, Poland sent about 350 objects to New York city from homes and synagogues in order to preserve them.

Following Felix Warburg's death in 1937, in January 1944 his widow Frieda donated the family mansion to the seminary as a permanent home for the museum, and the site opened to the public as 'The Jewish Museum' in May 1947. [4] Frieda Warburg said at the opening that the museum would not be a somber memorial, but rather a celebration of the Jewish faith and traditions. [1] The first expansion of the museum was the addition of a sculpture garden in 1959 by Adam List. [1] The building was expanded in 1963 and further by architect Kevin Roche in 1993.

Museum in 2004 People outside The Jewish Museum - 2004 Museum Mile Festival.jpg
Museum in 2004

In the 1960s, the museum took a more active role in the general world of contemporary art, with exhibitions such as Primary Structures, which helped to launch the Minimalist art movement. [5] In the decades since, the museum has had a renewed focus on Jewish culture and Jewish artists. [6] From 1990 through 1993, director Joan Rosenbaum led the project to renovate and expand the building and carry out the museum's first major capital campaign, of $60 million. The project, designed by architect Kevin Roche, doubled the size of the museum, providing it with a seven-story addition. In 1992, the Jewish Museum and the Film Society of Lincoln Center teamed up to create The New York Jewish Film Festival, which presents narrative features, short films and documentaries.

Today, the museum also provides educational programs for adults and families, organizing concerts, films, symposiums and lectures related to its exhibitions. Joan Rosenbaum was the museum's director from 1981 until her retirement in 2010. In 2006, the museum broke with its longstanding policy of being closed for Sabbath observance by offering free of charge public admission on Saturdays. [7]

In 2011 the museum named Claudia Gould as its new director. In 2012 Claudia Gould hired Jens Hoffmann Deputy Director, Exhibitions and Public Programs. In early December 2017, the Jewish Museum suspended Hoffmann from his position following allegations of sexual harassment leveled against him by multiple staff members. In the wake of that decision, the Honolulu Biennial cut its ties with Hoffmann, the Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit suspended him from his role as chief curator at large (a position from which he resigned later that month) and the Kadist Art Foundation similarly suspended him from his position as curator and adviser. The 3rd People's Biennial was supposed to take place at the Indianapolis Museum of Contemporary Art in 2019, with Hoffmann co-directing; however, the museum suspended its involvement with Hoffmann after the sexual harassment allegations at the Jewish Museum were not resolved. On December 17, 2017, the Jewish Museum terminated Hoffmann after a review of the allegations. Hoffmann denied "knowingly or purposefully [behaving] in a bullying, intimidating, harassing, or sexually inappropriate manner."

In 2022, Yale University historian Michael Casper criticized the museum's exhibition on Jonas Mekas for its lack of treatment of Mekas's role in editing two pro-Nazi newspapers during World War II. [8] Cultural historian Jeffrey Shandler told the Jewish Telegraphic Agency, "It would be problematic anywhere, in any museum. But I think it is doubly so in a Jewish museum. It really raises questions about their understanding of their mission." [9]

The Russ & Daughters Cafe at the museum closed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City. [10] In November 2024, the restaurateur David Teyf opened a restaurant named Lox in the museum. [11] [12]

Building

Felix M. Warburg House, 1908 Jewish Museum building line drawing - b&w - 600 ppi.jpg
Felix M. Warburg House, 1908

The Felix M. Warburg House was constructed in François I (or châteauesque) style, 1906-1908 for Felix and Frieda Warburg, designed by C.P.H. Gilbert. François I style was originally found in New York City in the late 19th century through the works of Richard Morris Hunt. [13] Hunt was a renowned architect throughout the Northeast, particularly in New England and was one of the first American architects to study at the elite Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, France. [14] C.P.H. Gilbert was an apprentice of Hunt and emulated Hunt's classic Châteauesque style for the Warburg house while also adding some Gothic features. [13] The original house is built in limestone with mansard roofs, dripping moldings, and gables. [15] This architectural style was based on French revivalism and exuded wealth, a point which Felix Warburg wanted to make to his neighbors. It featured a green yard in front of the house, which was later converted into the museum's entrance. [1]

Renovations

Interior exhibit of the Jewish Museum Interior of Jewish Museum.jpg
Interior exhibit of the Jewish Museum

Once converted into a museum, the architect Kevin Roche, who also designed additions to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, was selected to design additions to the Jewish Museum. [16] After $36 million, the development of 11,000 more square feet of exhibition space, and two and a half years, Roche finished his additions in June 1993. [17] He intended his additions to be a continuation of the museum's Gothic revival features. This is especially clear in the Fifth Avenue facade and the auditorium. The Fifth Avenue facade, made of Indiana limestone, is carved in Gothic revival style. The auditorium is set in a retrofitted Gothic revival style ballroom and finds uses for the mansion's stained-glass dome and screen. The cafe in the basement has stained glass windows. [16]

Although these additions that were intended as a continuation of the museum's Gothic revival features, Roche also included additions that were meant to prevent the museum from appearing outdated and modernizing the facilities. For instance, Roche ensured that the education center and the auditorium would have the appropriate technology for their purposes, such as interactive visual displays. [16]

Collections

Gallery talk about the exhibition "Reclaimed: Paintings from the Collection of Jacques Goudstikker" Gaudstikker The Jewish Museum New York.jpg
Gallery talk about the exhibition "Reclaimed: Paintings from the Collection of Jacques Goudstikker"

The museum has nearly 30,000 objects including paintings, sculptures, archaeological artifacts, Jewish ceremonial art and many other pieces important to the preservation of Jewish history and culture. [5] Artists included in the museum's collection include James Tissot, Marc Chagall, George Segal, Eleanor Antin and Deborah Kass. [19] This represents the largest collection of Jewish art, Judaica and broadcast media outside of museums in Israel. [20] It has a collection exhibition called Scenes from the Collection, which displays works of art from antiquity to the present. The museum's collection includes objects from ancient to modern eras, in all media, and originated in every area of the world where Jews have had a presence.

Highlights

Selected art exhibitions

Some of the museum's important exhibitions have included:

Programs

The Jewish Museum has a vast array of public educational programs which include talks and lectures, performances, hands on art making, group visits, specialist programming for visitors with disabilities, and resources for Pre-K-12 teachers. [32] [33] Programming for visitors with disabilities can take a unique and special form, with exclusive access to the museum one day a month for a program like the Verbal Description Tour. [34] [35] Participants are guided around sections of the empty museum by an art educator, who provides detailed, verbal descriptions of the art work, shares touch objects, and encourages discussion amongst the visitors. One participant described the ability to touch the art work as "...an honor, to be able to touch it. It felt like we were doing something so special, that other people can't do. So it actually creates an experience where you feel a connection to the art." [36]

Programming at the Jewish Museum caters for many different constituents, from live musical performances to events specifically curated for children, and families. [37] Events can be co-sponsored or in conjunction with other museums, particularly those located nearby on Fifth Avenue's Museum Mile. [38] Part of the goal of family programming is to help foster a younger audience for the museum, with Sunday being "family day", with a variety of activities on offer including gallery tours, free art workshops and parent-children storybook readings. Activities are designed to cross cultures, and explore subjects that can appeal to any race or religion, such as archaeological digs or an examination of color and impressionistic landscapes. [39]

Management

As of 2013, the Jewish Museum operates on a $17 million annual budget. [40] Under Joan Rosenbaum's leadership the museum's collection grew to 26,000 objects, its endowment to more than $92 million and its annual operating budget to $15 million from $1 million in 1981. [41] Rosenbaum chose to emphasize the Jewish side of the museum's identity, creating the permanent exhibition "Culture and Continuity: The Jewish Journey," while also mounting shows of modern Jewish artists such as Chaïm Soutine and contemporary artists such as Maira Kalman. [42] In 2013, the museum's board chose Claudia Gould, former director of the Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia, as its new director. [42]

In 2015 Kelly Taxter was named one of the top 25 female curators in the world by ArtNet. [43]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metropolitan Museum of Art</span> Art museum in New York City

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, colloquially referred to as the Met, is an encyclopedic art museum in New York City. By floor area, it is the fourth-largest museum in the world and the largest art museum in the Americas. With 5.36 million visitors in 2023, it is the most-visited museum in the United States and the fifth-most visited art museum in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marc Chagall</span> Russian-French artist (1887–1985)

Marc Chagall was a Belarusian, Russian and French artist. An early modernist, he was associated with the École de Paris as well as several major artistic styles and created works in a wide range of artistic formats, including painting, drawings, book illustrations, stained glass, stage sets, ceramics, tapestries and fine art prints.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Museum of Modern Art</span> Art museum in Manhattan, New York City, U.S.

The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. The institution was conceived in 1929 by Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, Lillie P. Bliss, and Mary Quinn Sullivan. Initially located in the Heckscher Building on Fifth Avenue, it opened just days after the Wall Street Crash. The museum, America's first devoted exclusively to modern art, was led by A. Conger Goodyear as president and Abby Rockefeller as treasurer, with Alfred H. Barr Jr. as its first director. Under Barr's leadership, the museum's collection rapidly expanded, beginning with an inaugural exhibition of works by European modernists. Despite financial challenges, including opposition from John D. Rockefeller Jr., the museum moved to several temporary locations in its early years, and John D. Rockefeller Jr. eventually donated the land for its permanent site.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jewish Museum Berlin</span> Jewish museum in Berlin, Germany

The Jewish Museum Berlin was opened in 2001 and is the largest Jewish museum in Europe. On 3,500 square metres of floor space, the museum presents the history of the Jews in Germany from the Middle Ages to the present day, with new focuses and new scenography. It consists of three buildings, two of which are new additions specifically built for the museum by architect Daniel Libeskind. German-Jewish history is documented in the collections, the library and the archive, and is reflected in the museum's program of events.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Museum of Jewish Heritage</span> Museum in Manhattan, New York

The Museum of Jewish Heritage, located on Edmond J. Safra Plaza in Battery Park City in Manhattan, New York City, is a living memorial to those murdered in The Holocaust. The museum has received more than 2 million visitors since opening in 1997. The mission statement of the museum is "to educate people of all ages and backgrounds about the broad tapestry of Jewish life in the 20th and 21st centuries—before, during, and after the Holocaust."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Israel Museum</span> National museum of Israel in Jerusalem

The Israel Museum is an art and archaeology museum in Jerusalem. It was established in 1965 as Israel's largest and foremost cultural institution, and one of the world's leading encyclopaedic museums. It is situated on a hill in the Givat Ram neighborhood of Jerusalem, adjacent to the Bible Lands Museum, the National Campus for the Archaeology of Israel, the Knesset, the Israeli Supreme Court, and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

The Warburg family is a prominent German and American banking family of German Jewish and originally Venetian Jewish descent, noted for their varied accomplishments in biochemistry, botany, political activism, economics, investment banking, law, physics, classical music, art history, pharmacology, physiology, finance, private equity and philanthropy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yale University Art Gallery</span> Art museum in Connecticut, U.S.

The Yale University Art Gallery (YUAG) is an art museum in New Haven, Connecticut. It houses a major encyclopedic collection of art in several interconnected buildings on the campus of Yale University. Although it embraces all cultures and periods, the gallery emphasizes early Italian Renaissance painting, African sculpture, and modern art. It is the oldest university art museum in the Western Hemisphere.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Felix M. Warburg</span> German-born American banker (1871–1937)

Felix Moritz Warburg was a German-born American banker. He was a member of the Warburg banking family of Hamburg, Germany.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jens Hoffmann</span> Costa Rican writer and educator (born 1974)

Jens Hoffmann Mesén is a writer, editor, educator, and exhibition maker. His work has attempted to expand the definition and context of exhibition making. From 2003 to 2007 Hoffmann was director of exhibitions at the Institute of Contemporary Arts London. He is the former director of the CCA Wattis Institute for Contemporary Art from 2007 to 2016 and deputy director for exhibitions and programs at The Jewish Museum from 2012 to 2017, a role from which he was terminated following an investigation into sexual harassment allegations brought forth by staff members. Hoffmann has held several teaching positions including California College of the Arts, the Nuova Accademia di Belle Arti and Goldsmiths, University of London, as well as others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum</span> Art museum in Connecticut, United States

The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum is located in Ridgefield, Connecticut. The Aldrich has no permanent collection and is the only museum in Connecticut that is dedicated solely to the exhibition of contemporary art. The museum presents the first solo museum exhibitions by emerging artists, significant exhibitions of established and mid-career artists whose work is under recognized, thematic group exhibitions exploring topics in contemporary art and society, and newly commissioned work.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Art Institute of Chicago</span> Art museum in Chicago, United States

The Art Institute of Chicago, founded in 1879, is one of the oldest and largest art museums in the United States. The museum is based in the Art Institute of Chicago Building in Chicago's Grant Park. Its collection, stewarded by 11 curatorial departments, includes works such as Georges Seurat's A Sunday on La Grande Jatte, Pablo Picasso's The Old Guitarist, Edward Hopper's Nighthawks, and Grant Wood's American Gothic. Its permanent collection of nearly 300,000 works of art is augmented by more than 30 special exhibitions mounted yearly that illuminate aspects of the collection and present curatorial and scientific research.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Derfner Judaica Museum</span> Museum in New York City

The Derfner Judaica Museum is a cultural and educational center that provides exhibitions relating to Jewish history and contemporary Jewish culture. The museum is located in the Jacob Reingold Pavilion on the grounds of The Hebrew Home at Riverdale in the Riverdale neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Felix M. Warburg House</span> Historic house in Manhattan, New York

The Felix M. Warburg House is a mansion at 1109 Fifth Avenue, on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. The house was built from 1907 to 1908 for the German-American Jewish financier Felix M. Warburg and his family. After Warburg's death in 1937, his widow sold the mansion to a real estate developer. When plans to replace the mansion with luxury apartments fell through, ownership of the house reverted to the Warburgs, who then donated it in 1944 to the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. In 1947, the Seminary opened the Jewish Museum of New York in the mansion. The house was named a New York City designated landmark in 1981 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

The Jewish Theological Seminary Library is one of the largest Jewish libraries in the world. Founded in 1893, it is located at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America in New York City, New York, and holds over 400,000 volumes, as well as extensive rare materials collections, including the world's largest collection of Hebrew manuscripts. Its holdings have been described as "the most impressive compilation of Jewish historical materials outside of Jerusalem." The library is an affiliate of the Columbia University Libraries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Degenerate Art exhibition</span> 1937 art exhibition in Nazi Germany

The Degenerate Art exhibition was an art exhibition organized by Adolf Ziegler and the Nazi Party in Munich from 19 July to 30 November 1937. The exhibition presented 650 works of art, confiscated from German museums, and was staged in counterpoint to the concurrent Great German Art Exhibition. The day before the exhibition started, Adolf Hitler delivered a speech declaring "merciless war" on cultural disintegration, attacking "chatterboxes, dilettantes and art swindlers". Degenerate art was defined as works that "insult German feeling, or destroy or confuse natural form or simply reveal an absence of adequate manual and artistic skill". One million people attended the exhibition in its first six weeks. A U.S. critic commented that "[t]here are probably plenty of people—art lovers—in Boston, who will side with Hitler in this particular purge". This view was controversial, however, given the greater political context of the exhibition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maja Hoffmann</span> Swiss art collector and philanthropist

Maja Hoffmann is a Swiss billionaire, art collector, art patron, documentary producer, and businesswoman. She is the founder and president of the LUMA Foundation. She is also part of the shareholder pool made up of descendants of the founder of the Roche Holding AG, which controls the Swiss health-care company Hoffmann-La Roche.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gurlitt Collection</span> Art collection

The Gurlitt Collection was a collection of around 1,500 art works inherited by Cornelius Gurlitt, the son of one of Hitler's official art dealers, Hildebrand Gurlitt (1895–1956), and which was found to have contained several artworks looted from Jews by the Nazis.

Edward Mortimer Morris Warburg was an American philanthropist and patron of the arts from New York City. He taught Modern Art at Bryn Mawr College and he was vice director for public affairs of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He was a co-founder of the American Ballet and the School of American Ballet. He collected many paintings and sculptures, and donated the bulk of them to museums, especially the Museum of Modern Art.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frieda Schiff Warburg</span> Jewish-American philanthropist (1876–1958)

Frieda Warburg was a Jewish-American philanthropist and communal worker from New York.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "The Jewish Museum History". The Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on November 22, 2021. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
  2. ↑ "Felix Warburg Mansion" (PDF). Landmarks Preservation Commission. November 24, 1981. LP-1116. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2016.
  3. ↑ "Exhibitions". Archived from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2011.
  4. ↑ Stern, Robert A. M.; Mellins, Thomas; Fishman, David (1995). New York 1960: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Second World War and the Bicentennial . New York: Monacelli Press. p. 1110. ISBN   1-885254-02-4. OCLC   32159240. OL   1130718M.
  5. 1 2 Kimmelman, Michael (June 13, 1993). "A Museum Finds Its Time". The New York Times . p. H33. Archived from the original on September 6, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
  6. ↑ Smith, Roberta (June 11, 1993). "Jewish Museum as Sum of Its Past". The New York Times . Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
  7. ↑ "The David Berg Foundation Underwrites Free Saturdays at the Jewish Museum". Archived from the original on September 6, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  8. ↑ "World War II Revisionism at the Jewish Museum". Jewish Currents. Retrieved February 4, 2023.
  9. ↑ Elia-Shalev, Asaf (May 12, 2022). "Historian accuses NY's Jewish Museum of sanitizing filmmaker's World War II record in new exhibit". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved February 4, 2023.
  10. ↑ Cramer, Philissa (April 12, 2022). "It's official: Russ & Daughters' kosher outpost at the Jewish Museum won't return". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  11. ↑ Keys, Lisa (November 7, 2024). "At last, a new restaurant opens at the Jewish Museum in the space vacated by Russ & Daughters". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  12. ↑ McDowell, Michael (November 8, 2024). "New Restaurant Now Open At Jewish Museum: Report". Upper East Side, NY Patch. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  13. 1 2 "Landmarks Preservation Commission" (PDF). NYC.Gov. November 24, 1981. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  14. ↑ Roth, Leland (2009). "Hunt, Richard Morris". North Carolina Architects and Builders. Archived from the original on November 21, 2021. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
  15. ↑ Gray, Christopher (August 11, 1991). "The Warburg Mansion". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 6, 2021. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  16. 1 2 3 Muschamp, Herbert (June 11, 1993). "Review/Architecture; Jewish Museum Renovation: A Celebration of Gothic Style". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 2, 2019. Retrieved March 27, 2016.
  17. ↑ "TRAVEL ADVISORY; Jewish Museum Reopens Sunday". The New York Times. June 6, 1993. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 6, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2016.
  18. ↑ "Reclaimed: Paintings from the Collection of Jacques Goudstikker". Archived from the original on January 25, 2009.
  19. ↑ Masterworks of The Jewish Museum. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004
  20. ↑ "Jewish Museum Reopens Sunday". The New York Times . June 6, 1993. Archived from the original on September 6, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
  21. ↑ Modigliani: Beyond the Myth Exhibition press release, The Jewish Museum, New York 2004 Archived March 7, 2007, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved March 7, 2011
  22. ↑ Smith, Roberta (November 3, 2016). "The Virtual Splendor of Paris's Glass House". New York Times. New York. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved November 3, 2016.
  23. ↑ "Chagall, Lissitzky, Malevich: The Russian Avant-Garde in Vitebsk, 1918-1922". The Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on February 17, 2021. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  24. ↑ The Jewish Museum [ permanent dead link ]
  25. ↑ "Female Votive Head". The Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on July 21, 2009. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
  26. ↑ The Jewish Museum [ permanent dead link ]
  27. ↑ The Jewish Museum [ permanent dead link ]
  28. ↑ "Thomas Sully, Sally Etting, Paintings". The Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on January 20, 2013.
  29. ↑ The Jewish Museum [ permanent dead link ]
  30. ↑ The Jewish Museum [ permanent dead link ]
  31. ↑ The Jewish Museum [ permanent dead link ]
  32. ↑ "Jewish Museum (Manhattan, NY)". UrbanAreas.net. Archived from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  33. ↑ "Programs". The Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on June 18, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  34. ↑ "The Jewish Museum". New Learning Times. Archived from the original on August 6, 2019. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  35. ↑ "Programs - Visitors with Disabilities". The Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on December 1, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  36. ↑ "The Jewish Museum". Seen In NY. Episode 217. June 14, 2017. New Learning Times. Archived from the original on August 6, 2019. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  37. ↑ "Check Out What's Happening at The Jewish Museum This Spring". renoirhouse.com. Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  38. ↑ Kressel, Hannah (June 26, 2019). "Interning at the Jewish Museum in Manhattan". Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  39. ↑ Markovitz, Jennifer B. (December 2008). "A Multi-Cultural Destination Sharing Jewish Art and Traditions With a Diverse Audience". Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses: 20–22pp. Archived from the original on May 31, 2018. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  40. ↑ Allan Kozinn (February 12, 2013), A Museum Broadens Its Identity Archived November 12, 2020, at the Wayback Machine New York Times .
  41. ↑ Robin Pogrebin (November 30, 2010), Director of Jewish Museum to Step Down Archived June 16, 2013, at the Wayback Machine New York Times .
  42. 1 2 Kate Taylor (August 23, 2011), Jewish Museum Picks Director From Art World Archived November 11, 2020, at the Wayback Machine New York Times .
  43. ↑ "25 Women Curators On the Rise - artnet News". March 17, 2015. Archived from the original on March 16, 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2015.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.