Mount Morris Park Historic District | |
Location | Bounded roughly by Lenox Ave., Mount Morris Park West, and W. 124th and W. 119th Sts., (original) Roughly bounded by Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Blvd. and Mt. Morris Park W. from W. 118th to W. 124th Sts., (increase), New York, New York [1] |
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Coordinates | 40°48′17″N73°56′49″W / 40.80472°N 73.94694°W |
Built | 1878 |
Architect | Multiple; including in the increase: Angell, Edward L.; Baxter, Charles |
Architectural style | Queen Anne, Late 19th- and 20th-century Revivals, Romanesque (original) Beaux Arts, Second Empire, Renaissance (increase) |
NRHP reference No. | 73001221 |
Added to NRHP | February 6, 1973 (original) May 24, 1996 (increase) [1] |
Mount Morris Park Historic District is a 16-block historic district in west central Harlem, Manhattan, New York City. It was designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1971, and is part of the larger Mount Morris Park neighborhood. The boundaries are West 118th and West 124th Streets, Fifth Avenue, and Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Boulevard (Seventh Avenue). [2]
"Doctor's Row" comprises the nearby stretch of West 122nd Street, Mount Morris Park West and Malcolm X Boulevard; one of the doctors of "Doctor's Row" was the father of the composer Richard Rodgers. Mount Morris Square, the core of the district, is now called Marcus Garvey Park.
Before the European settlements, the rocky hill of Manhattan mica-schist was used by the Native Americans as a lookout station to see over the entire island. During the American Revolutionary War, Hessian soldiers "mounted a battery" at the hill "to command the mouth of the Harlem River". [3]
Despite the 18th-century local prominence of the Gouverneur Morris family, [4] the name "Mount Morris" for the rocky formation, one of two the Dutch called the Ronde Gerbergte is of 19th-century origin. [5] Little Hill was leveled when the right-of-way was graded for the New York and Harlem Railroad, following the present route of Park Avenue. [6]
On September 4, 1839, a 20-acre (81,000 m2) residential square was set aside. [7] The square was relocated from the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, which had planned for a square in the neighborhood, in order to take advantage of the rugged topography that stood squarely in the path of Fifth Avenue. "Mount Morris Square" was officially opened December 1, 1840, but was originally unimproved until 1869, when it was landscaped to a plan by the City surveyor Ignaz Pilat. [8]
Late 19th- and early 20th-century residential row houses and church architecture fill Mount Morris Park Historic District. There are several unaltered streetscapes. Romanesque Revival, neo-Grec, Queen Anne, and 1893's World Columbian Exposition in Chicago were among the influences that created the eclectic style from the Gilded Age.
In the 1930s, New York City Parks Commissionmer Robert Moses installed playgrounds and a pool. The Boys Choir of Harlem was established in the neighborhood in 1968. [9]
In 1973, the name of the land was changed to Marcus Garvey Park. This was in honor of the international Pan-African movement leader. In 1973, a part of the current district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. [1]
In 1981, the Mount Morris Park Community Association (MMPCIA) was created. [10] The organization promotes the preservation of buildings such as Apollo Theatre, National Black Theatre. It has also supported the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture and the Studio Museum in Harlem. The MMPCIA sponsored annual Historic Neighborhood House Tours, held on the second week of June. [11]
The association features historic brownstones and landmark buildings open for the public to view. In 1996, the boundaries of Mount Morris Park District were expanded. They were pushed west to include blocks between Lenox Avenue and Seventh Avenue, and south to include some of West 118th Street. [1] An extension is contemplated to reflect the area on National Register of Historic Places.
Harlem is a neighborhood in Upper Manhattan, New York City. It is bounded roughly by the Hudson River on the west; the Harlem River and 155th Street on the north; Fifth Avenue on the east; and Central Park North on the south. The greater Harlem area encompasses several other neighborhoods and extends west and north to 155th Street, east to the East River, and south to Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard, Central Park, and East 96th Street.
The Upper East Side, sometimes abbreviated UES, is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City, bounded approximately by 96th Street to the north, the East River to the east, 59th Street to the south, and Central Park and Fifth Avenue to the west. The area incorporates several smaller neighborhoods, including Lenox Hill, Carnegie Hill, and Yorkville. Once known as the Silk Stocking District, it has long been the most affluent neighborhood in New York City.
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Morris Park may refer to:
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Marcus Garvey Park is a 20.16-acre (81,600 m2) park on the border between the Harlem and East Harlem neighborhoods of Manhattan, New York City. The park, centered on a massive and steep outcropping of schist, interrupts the flow of Fifth Avenue traffic, which is routed around the park via Mount Morris Park West. The park is also bounded by 120th Street to the south, 124th Street to the north, and Madison Avenue to the east.
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The Harlem Fire Watchtower, also known as the Mount Morris Fire Watchtower, is a fire lookout tower at Marcus Garvey Park in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City. It is the only survivor of 11 cast-iron watchtowers placed throughout the city starting in the 1850s. Standing 47 feet (14 m) tall, it was built by Julius H. Kroehl for $2,300 based on a design by James Bogardus.
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The St. Nicholas Historic District, known colloquially as "Striver's Row", is a historic district located on both sides of West 138th and West 139th Streets between Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Boulevard and Frederick Douglass Boulevard, in the Harlem neighborhood of Upper Manhattan, New York City. It is both a national and a New York City historic district, and consists of row houses and associated buildings designed by three architectural firms and built in 1891–93 by developer David H. King Jr. These are collectively recognized as gems of New York City architecture, and "an outstanding example of late 19th-century urban design":
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The following is an alphabetical list of articles related to New York City. New York City is a city in the United States state of New York.