Fighting game community

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The fighting game community, often abbreviated to FGC, is a collective of video gamers who play fighting games such as Street Fighter , Mortal Kombat , Super Smash Bros. , Tekken , Soulcalibur , Dead or Alive , Virtua Fighter and many others. The fighting game community started out small in the late 1990s and throughout the 2000s referred to as the grassroots era, but it has grown to a larger scale in the 2010s, with many tournaments being held around the world. This is predominantly due to the rise of esports, online gaming, and digitized viewing habits on live streaming sites such as Twitch.

Contents

History

The Chinatown Fair arcade was one of the early venues where a competitive fighting game scene coalesced. Chinatown Fair storefront.jpg
The Chinatown Fair arcade was one of the early venues where a competitive fighting game scene coalesced.

Beginnings

The game Street Fighter II: The World Warrior was a huge success when it was released in 1991 and is regarded as one of the most influential video games of all time. [1] [2] [3] It refined and popularized the fighting game genre and introduced many now-staples of the genre, such as combos and character selection but most notably, it allowed players to directly compete by fighting against each other in the game, while earlier games primarily had players compete by comparing highscores. [4] During the mid-1990s, a Street Fighter II tournament scene had coalesced in various cities across the United States. Highly competitive communities formed naturally in Chinatown Fair in New York City, Super Just Games in the Chicago area, and the Golfland arcade halls in Sunnyvale and Stanton, California. Players had also began finding each other and discussing strategies on message boards via the internet. In 1996, the first nation-wide fighting game tournament was held in the form of B3: Battle by the Bay. This tournament was conceived in order to quell debate over who was the best Street Fighter player in the country, but also attracted international competitors. [5] In London, England most arcades would have had Street Fighter II, including in the basement of Hamleys [6] and more competitive venues like Casino Leisure Centre. [7] Soon an eight-player Tournament Battle edition of Super Street Fighter II: The New Challengers appeared on the scene [8] [9] - but the first known official tournament occurred in 1994 at Trocadero on the sequel Super Street Fighter II Turbo . [10]

2000–2009: early years

In early 2000, a forum was created called Shoryuken.com which was named after the iconic Street Fighter attack. The site became the main go to forum for many fighting game competitors and it quickly attracted the community to create major tournaments to gather the best players from around the country. One of the most major tournaments that gathers players from around the world is called the Evolution Championship Series (Evo). The rise in competitive video game genres during the 2000s became a phenomenon known as "Esports". The early 2000s also saw the rise in online gaming, as in 2004, Mortal Kombat: Deception , Dead or Alive Ultimate , and the Xbox version of Street Fighter Anniversary Collection became the first fighting games to offer online multiplayer, which also contributed in growing the community. In middle of the 2000s Capcom's popularity began to fade due to lack of new fighting games, the overall sales of the genre, and some problems within the community; though it could be noted that the lack of a new street fighter game created a popularity vacuum, in which games like Tekken, Soulcaliber, Dead or Alive, and Virtua Fighter increased in popularity.[ citation needed ]

It was not until 2007 that a new spark arose in the fighting game community. Dead or Alive 4 was included in the Championship Gaming Series (CGS) in 2007 and 2008, becoming the first fighting game to have a televised competitive esport scene. Dead or Alive 4 was the only fighting game included in the esport league and was operated and fully broadcast by DirecTV in association with British Sky Broadcasting (BSkyB) and STAR TV. [11] [12] [13] Almost 8 years after the release of Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike, Capcom announced the continuation of the mainline Street Fighter series with the development of Street Fighter IV . The game was acclaimed by major game review outlets [14] and is seen as the chief catalyst of the revival of the FGC.[ citation needed ] By rejuvenating the popularity of fighting games, its release also created an influx of new players into the community, increasing the number of competitors and introducing legendary players such as SonicFox, Momochi, Snake Eyez, and GamerBee, among others.

2010–current

Evo 2016 Street Fighter V finals held at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center in Las Vegas Evo 2016 - Mandalay Bay.jpg
Evo 2016 Street Fighter V finals held at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center in Las Vegas

After the success of Street Fighter IV, new fighting games began being developed and the FGC expanded with more tournaments. The tournaments even started being live-streamed with Twitch so many people can view the tournaments. There are also sponsor-ships from franchises like Evil Geniuses, Broken Tier, [15] and Mad Catz, [16] which pays players for free advertisement.

Despite the rise of other competitive video game genres, many members of the FGC have rejected the label of "Esports" on their community. [17]

The overall size of the community remains a small proportion of the fighting game market overall. Some of the genre's best-selling games, such as Tekken 7, [18] Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, [19] and Mortal Kombat 11 , [20] have sold in excess of 10 million copies. In contrast, the largest tournaments for fighting games see roughly 3,000-7,000 competitors, [21] [22] although viewership numbers peak as high as 400,000 during events such as Evo, with unique viewership counts reaching over 3.7 million across all games. [23] [24]

In recent years, the FGC has been rocked by numerous sexual assault and harassment allegations involving legal proceedings, including those of some of the FGC's most prominent organizers like Evo co-founder and organizer, Joey Cuellar, [25] and some of the FGC's most prominent Super Smash Bros. players. [26] [27] [28] [29]

In 2020, the Japan Fighting Game Publishers Roundtable was announced where game development heads for Dead or Alive , Fighting EX Layer , Guilty Gear , Samurai Shodown , Soulcalibur , Street Fighter and Tekken , came together for a livestreamed discussion on the future of fighting games and other topics. [30] The event later followed with more developers, such as the developers for The King of Fighters in 2021, [31] and Virtua Fighter in 2022. [32]

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a sudden pause to offline FGC events, with many communities relying on online services to connect. [33] [34] [35] The size of fighting game tournaments hosted by the community have continued to grow following the pandemic. Evo 2023 saw 7,061 attendees for its Street Fighter 6 event, breaking records as one of the largest offline brackets in video game history, [36] [37] while Evo 2024 brought in the most unique competitors of any esports event in history, accumulating 9,221 players across all of its brackets. [38] [39]

Culture

Diversity

In a 2014 article on the racial diversity of fighting game competitions, mainly the Evo tournament series, Mitch Bowman of Polygon wrote about "How the FGC's roots grew the most racially diverse community in gaming." [40] The FGC has also been noted as being relatively accepting of LGBTQ competitors compared to other gaming communities, with top-level players such as Dominique "SonicFox" McLean and Sasha "Magi" Sullivan being open about their experiences with gender identity. [41] [42] [43]

Iconic moments

Several iconic FGC moments have garnered attention from the broader gaming scene and beyond, becoming representative of the communities culture. Evo Moment 37 was a miraculous comeback performed by Daigo "The Beast" Umehara against his opponent Justin Wong, during the Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike bracket at Evo 2004. [44] The moment saw Daigo parry every hit of Chun-Li's super art while only a pixel of his health remained, before depleting the rest of Justin's healthbar with a counterattack. [44] The moment has been described by Rolling Stone as "esports' most thrilling moment," with Kotaku hailing it as the 6th best moment in pro-gaming history in a 2011 article. [45] [44] [46] Justin Wong often replies to posts referencing the moment online, jokingly poking fun at his own misfortune, while often speaking in appreciation of the moment, commenting that "every tournament, every time I stream, I’ll have at least one person that comes up to me and says, ‘I got into fighting games because of Moment #37.' Obviously, I took the loss but when you hear stuff like that, you just can’t be mad about it.” [47] [48] [49] Evo Moment 37 is commonly referenced when players perform comebacks by utilising risky parries, a sign of its strong legacy in FGC culture. [50]

These exciting moments are often furthered by expressive and fast commentatory, a staple of FGC events. [51] The Wombo combo, a clip taken during a 2-vs-2 game of Super Smash Bros. Melee, saw commentators Brandon "HomeMadeWaffles" Collier, Phil DeBerry, and Joseph "Mang0" Marquez shouting "Wombo combo," and "Where you at?" during a set-winning team combo. These soundbites would be featured in many "MLG Montage" parody videos outside of the FGC, and "Wombo combo" has been used to describe other exceptional team combos in Super Smash Bros. [52]

Another famous commentary moment occurred during the Guilty Gear Xrd tournament at Evo 2015, in which competitor Woshige celebrated a premature victory against his opponent, Ogawa. [53] Commentators could be heard shouting "Woshige, not like this!" and "What are you standing up for?" before Woshige scrambles back to his seat, with Ogawa already performing a set-winning combo. [53] [54] The clip would be featured on ESPN, and is sometimes referenced during instances of premature celebration in the FGC. [55] [56]

Controversy and male-dominance

A vast majority of top competitors and commentators in the FGC are men, which has resulted in a continued discussion on how the FGC alienates women, often mentioning the prominence of objectification and misogyny among many FGC scenes. [57] [58] Some tournaments have hosted female-only events, such as EVO 2010's women's invitational for Street Fighter IV, in hopes of creating a more welcoming environment. [59]

A highly publicized incident of sexual harassment occurred in 2012 at a U.S. tournament, when Street Fighter x Tekken player Aris Bakhtanians made comments about a female player's bra size and other sexist remarks, leading the woman to drop out of the event. [60] [61] [62] Later, during an interview with Twitch he is quoted as saying that; "sexual harassment is part of a culture, and if you remove that from the fighting game community, it's not the fighting game community." He later apologized for his comments following backlash, stating "I felt that the culture of a scene I have been a part of for over 15 years was being threatened." [41] [61] [62] [63]

Tournaments

DreamHack Montreal was part of the 2018 Capcom Pro Tour. Capcom Pro Tour 2018 - DreamHack Montreal 2018 - 33.jpg
DreamHack Montreal was part of the 2018 Capcom Pro Tour.

Hundreds of online and offline tournaments are held worldwide every year, ranging anywhere in size from less than ten to over 10,000 entrants, [a] depending on the location, entry fee, prize pot, and game or range of games available. Tournaments are typically run through grassroots community efforts, although an increasing number of tournaments are being sponsored by stakeholders like Capcom, Twitch, Red Bull, and Nintendo. [ citation needed ]

Examples of large fighting game tournaments and tournament series include:

Notes

  1. ↑ Roughly 11,000 competitors registered to compete at Evo 2018, according to Dot Esports . [64]

Related Research Articles

The fighting game genre of video games involves combat between multiple characters, often one-on-one battles. Fighting game combat often features mechanics such as blocking, grappling, counter-attacking, and chaining attacks together into "combos". Characters generally engage hand-to-hand combat, often with martial arts, but some may include weaponry. Battles are usually set in a fixed-size arena along a two-dimensional plane, where characters navigate the plane horizontally by walking or dashing, and vertically by jumping. Some games allow limited movement in 3D space, such as Tekken, while some are set in fully three-dimensional environments without restricting characters' movement, such as Power Stone and Naruto: Ultimate Ninja Storm; these are sometimes referred to as "3D arena" fighting games.

<i>Street Fighter</i> Japanese media franchise

Street Fighter is a Japanese media franchise centered on a series of fighting games developed and published by Capcom. The first game in the series was released in 1987, followed by six other main series games, various spin-offs and crossovers, and numerous appearances in other media. Its best-selling 1991 release Street Fighter II established many of the conventions of the one-on-one fighting genre.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Evolution Championship Series</span> Annual United States fighting game tournament

The Evolution Championship Series, commonly known as Evo, is an American annual esports event that focuses exclusively on fighting games. The tournaments are completely open and use the double elimination format. As with Super Battle Opera, contestants travel from all over the world to participate, most notably from Japan. The first Evolution was originally held as a Super Street Fighter II Turbo and Street Fighter Alpha 2 tournament called the Battle by the Bay. It changed its name to Evo in 2002. Every successive tournament has seen an increase of attendees. It has been held at various venues across the Las Vegas Valley since 2005. As of 2021, the event is jointly owned by Sony Interactive Entertainment and the Endeavor esports venture RTS.

<i>Street Fighter X Tekken</i> 2012 video game

Street Fighter X Tekken is a 2012 crossover fighting video game developed and published by Capcom for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Windows and PlayStation Vita. The game features characters from both the Street Fighter franchise and Namco's Tekken series. In the game, each player selects two characters respectively and face other as duos in tag team fighting matches, with the objective to knock out one of the members from the opposing team. In addition to the game's multiplayer modes, the game also features a single-player Story mode with a plot revolving around a mysterious object called the "Pandora".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Infiltration (gamer)</span> South Korean gamer (born 1984/1985)

Lee Seon-woo, known as Infiltration, is a professional esports player from Seoul, South Korea, specializing in fighting games. Lee is a six-time Evolution Championship Series (EVO) champion; winning Super Street Fighter IV Arcade Edition v2012 in 2012, Street Fighter X Tekken in 2012 and 2013, Street Fighter V in 2016 and 2018 and Samurai Shodown in 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alex Valle</span> Peruvian-American professional esports player

Alex Valle, also known as CaliPower and Mr. Street Fighter, is a Peruvian-American fighting game tournament organizer and a retired professional fighting game player. Valle is mainly a Ryu specialist and is considered one of the most influential people within the fighting game community.

The 2016 Evolution Championship Series was a fighting game event held in Las Vegas on July 15–17. Being hosted on the twentieth anniversary of the Evolution Championship Series, the event offered tournaments for various video games, including Street Fighter V, Super Smash Bros. Melee, and Pokkén Tournament. Participation reached record-breaking numbers, with over 5,000 people registering for the Street Fighter competition alone. 2016 was the first time the Evo Grand Finals were held in an arena and were broadcast by ESPN2 in addition to Twitch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Evo Moment 37</span> Viral video

"Evo Moment #37", or the "Daigo Parry", is a portion of a Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike semifinal match held at Evolution Championship Series 2004 between Daigo Umehara and Justin Wong. During this match, Umehara made an unexpected comeback by countering 15 consecutive hits of Wong's "Super Art" move with only one remaining unit of health. Umehara subsequently won the match, though he went on to lose the Grand Final against Kenji "KO" Obata. Evo Moment #37 has been described as the most iconic moment in competitive video gaming, having influenced the fighting game community strongly.

The 2015 Evolution Championship Series was a fighting game event held in Las Vegas on July 17–19. The event featured a major tournament for nine fighting games, including the largest Super Smash Bros. tournament up to that point and a highly popular Ultra Street Fighter IV tournament. The Street Fighter IV tournament was won by Yusuke Momochi, defeating GamerBee in the Grand Finals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Community Effort Orlando</span> Annual fighting game event

Community Effort Orlando is an annual fighting game event held in Daytona Beach, Florida. Prior to 2018, CEO was held in Orlando, Florida. Introduced in 2010 and organized by Alex Jebailey, the event is known for its strong ties to the fighting game community. Fighting game players compete in a wrestling ring during the event's tournaments, and CEO has been a mainstay of the Capcom Pro Tour since its establishment in 2014. An annual side-event titled CEOtaku was initiated in 2015.

The 2014 Evolution Championship Series was a fighting game event held in at Westgate Las Vegas on July 11–13. The event featured a major tournament for eight fighting games, including Ultra Street Fighter IV and BlazBlue: Chrono Phantasma. The event was part of the first Capcom Pro Tour.

The 2013 Evolution Championship Series was a fighting game event held at Paris Las Vegas on July 12–14. The event featured a major tournament for nine fighting games, including Super Street Fighter IV: Arcade Edition and Injustice: Gods Among Us. The event's Super Smash Bros. Melee livestream was controversially blocked by Nintendo of America, though the company decided to allow the tournament to be streamed after being faced with community backlash.

The Canada Cup is an annual Canadian fighting game event founded and organized by Lap Chi Duong. The event was launched as the Calgary Cup in 2009 and was initially held in Calgary, Alberta, but the tournament moved to Toronto, Ontario shortly after, returning to Calgary every few years. The Canada Cup is a major Street Fighter tournament, generally being the final event in the annual Capcom Pro Tour.

The 2017 Evolution Championship Series was a fighting game event held in Las Vegas on July 14–16 that was part of the long-running Evolution Championship Series. The event offered tournaments for various fighting games, such as Street Fighter V, Tekken 7, and Injustice 2. Over 10,000 people registered for the event with Tekken 7 receiving double the number of players from the previous year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">VSFighting</span> Annual esports tournament series

VSFighting is a tournament series of annual esports events that focuses on competitive fighting games. The tournament is open to all. VSF is the flagship tournament to Electronic Dojo, a fighting games community based in the West Midlands, UK.

Combo Breaker 2017 was a fighting game event that took place in St. Charles, Illinois, on May 26–28, 2017. Twenty different tournaments were held during this event, including a 2017 Capcom Pro Tour Premier Event for Street Fighter V, which was won by NuckleDu. Combo Breaker was the debut of the Injustice 2 Pro Series, a tournament which was won by SonicFox.

The 2004 Evolution Championship Series was a fighting game event held at the California State Polytechnic University, Pomona in Pomona, California from July 29 to August 1. The event featured nine fighting games on the main lineup, including Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike and Marvel vs. Capcom 2. While in previous Evolution events all competitions were held on arcade machines, most tournaments at Evo 2004 were played on video game consoles.

The 2018 Japanese Evolution Championship Series, commonly referred to as Evo Japan 2018, was a fighting game event held in Tokyo, Japan on January 26–28. As mentioned in its namesake, the event was the first Evo event to take place in Japan and outside of the United States. The event offered tournaments for various fighting games, such as Street Fighter V, Tekken 7, and Super Smash Bros. for Wii U. Over 5,000 people registered for the event with Street Fighter V and Tekken 7's entrant numbers being on par with their respective Evo 2017 numbers.

The 2018 Evolution Championship Series was a fighting game event held in Las Vegas on August 3 to 5 as part of the long-running Evolution Championship Series. The event offered tournaments for various video games, including Street Fighter V, Tekken 7, and Dragon Ball FighterZ. Over 10,000 people registered for the event with Dragon Ball FighterZ receiving the most entrants.

The 2009 Evolution Championship Series was a fighting game event held in Rio Las Vegas on July 17–19. The event featured major tournaments for various fighting games, including Super Street Fighter IV and Marvel vs. Capcom 2. The release of Super Street Fighter IV drew many new players to the tournament scene, and Evo 2009 is remembered as one of the biggest years of Evolution's growth.

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Bibliography

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