Groswin

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The coat of arms of Groswin. COA Pomerania-Groswin Iberian style shield.svg
The coat of arms of Groswin.

Groswin was the name-giving seat of one of the castellanies of the Duchy of Pomerania in the High Middle Ages. [1] [2] It was located in Western Pomerania near modern Anklam.

The castellany is thought to have comprised the area between the rivers Peene and Zarow, and the villages Rehberg, Japenzin, Iven, Crien, Wegezin, Thurow, Blesewitz and Görke. [3] The exact location of the Groswin burgh, which was destroyed in the late 12th century, [4] [5] is uncertain, it may have been near Stolpe-Neuhof, Grüttow, Görke or Müggenburg. [5] [6] [7] At Groswin, defense structures within the Peene river allowed the locals to block the river for ships. [5]

Documents mention Groswin also in the spelling variants Grossvin, Groswim, Grozwin, Grozswin, Groswyn, Grosum (Knytlinga saga), [6] Grotzuina (Saxo Grammaticus), Brotwin (946), Groswine (1136), Grozioni, Grozswine, and Grozswina. [8] [9] [10]

Groswin took over the position of nearby Altes Lager Menzlin as a trade center after its decline in the 9th century. [11] [12] The tribal affiliation of the inhabitants, though associated with the greater tribe of the Veleti, is uncertain – while the Ukrani are reported to have dwelled south of the Zarow and the Rani north of the Ryck river, the name of the medieval inhabitants of the area between these rivers is not reported. [13] The lands of Groswin became a castellany of the Duchy of Pomerania during the westward expansion of Wartislaw I in the 1120s, and became part of the Bishopric of Cammin in 1140. [14] In 1153, Stolpe Abbey was founded in the Groswin castellany as the first Pomeranian monastery. [15] A market at the Groswin burgh is documented in 1159. [16] In 1185, a Danish expedition led by Canut VI destroyed the burgh and devastated the castellany. [17] Though the name Groswin stayed in use to refer to the area, the position of the former burgh as the areas center was taken over by nearby Anklam. [2]

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References

  1. Józef Spors, Organizacja kasztelańska na Pomorzu Zachodnim w XII-XIII wieku, WSP, 1991, p.216
  2. 1 2 Museum für Ur- und Frühgeschichte (Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany), Archäologisches Landesmuseum Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Bodendenkmalpflege in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Jahrbuch 50th edition, Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2002, p.343
  3. Gesellschaft für Pommersche Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Stettin, Kommission zur Erforschung und Erhaltung der Denkmäler in der Provinz Pommern, Baltische Studien, T. von der Nahmer, 1927, p.141
  4. Karl Robert Klempin, Klaus Conrad, Historische Kommission für Pommern, Pommersches Urkundenbuch, 2nd edition, Böhlau, 1970, p.34, ISBN   3-412-13170-9
  5. 1 2 3 Joachim Herrmann, Aarni Erä-Esko, Wikinger und Slawen: zur Frühgeschichte der Ostseevölker, Wachholtz, 1982, p.306, ISBN   3-529-01826-0
  6. 1 2 Gerhard Becker: Zur Groswin-Frage Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine
  7. Hans Jürgen Eggers, Jörn Graue, Judith S. Stary-Rimpau, Peter F. Stary, Funde der Wendisch-wikingischen Zeit in Pommern: Textband, Stiftung Pommern, 1978, pp.225ff
  8. Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus, Landbuch des Herzogthums Pommern und des Fürstenthums Rügen: Enthaltend Schilderung der Zustände dieser Lande in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Dietze, 1865, p.381
  9. Wolfgang Brüske, Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des Lutizenbundes: Deutsch-wendische Beziehungen des 10.-12. Jahrhunderts, 2nd edition, Böhlau, 1983, pp.162ff, ISBN   3-412-07583-3
  10. Karl Robert Klempin, Klaus Conrad, Historische Kommission für Pommern, Pommersches Urkundenbuch, 2nd edition, Böhlau, 1970, p.48, ISBN   3-412-13170-9
  11. Joachim Herrmann, Hans Holm Bielfeldt, Die Slawen in Deutschland: Geschichte und Kultur der slawischen Stämme westlich von Oder und Neisse vom 6. bis 12. Jahrhundert: ein Handbuch, Akademie-Verlag, 1985, p.239
  12. Polska Akademia Nauk Komisja Nauk Historycznych, Studia maritima. 10th edition, Ossolineum, 1997, p.8
  13. Wolfgang Brüske, Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des Lutizenbundes: Deutsch-wendische Beziehungen des 10.-12. Jahrhunderts, 2nd edition, Böhlau, 1983, p.132, ISBN   3-412-07583-3
  14. Edmund Ernst Hermann Stengel, Archiv für Diplomatik: Schriftgeschichte, Siegel, und Wappenkunde 47-48, Böhlau-Verlag., 2003, p.30
  15. Gerhard Krause, Siegfried M Schwertner, Gerhard Müller, Theologische Realenzyklopädie: Studienausgabe Teil II: Katechumenat/katechumenen- Publizistik/presse, 1999, p.42, ISBN   3-11-016295-4, ISBN   978-3-11-016295-0
  16. Joachim Herrmann, Hans Holm Bielfeldt, Die Slawen in Deutschland: Geschichte und Kultur der slawischen Stämme westlich von Oder und Neisse vom 6. bis 12. Jahrhundert: ein Handbuch, Akademie-Verlag, 1985, p.142
  17. Haik Thomas Porada, Gesellschaft für Pommersche Geschichte und Alterthumskunde, Beiträge zur Geschichte Vorpommerns: die Demminer Kolloquien 1985-1994, T. Helms, 1997, p.303, ISBN   3-931185-11-7

See also

Coordinates: 53°51′38″N13°36′54″E / 53.86056°N 13.61500°E / 53.86056; 13.61500