One of the most volatile cricketers of any age. Long, rangy, athletic type—drove the ball with tremendous power—tried to hit sixes with abandon. Many of them would have been prodigious. Would have been a far better player had he curbed this propensity and showed more judgement in his hitting. Dangerous bowler with the new ball, swinging it both ways not much short of [Ray] Lindwall's speed. [...] In 1948 he was the best slip field in the world. Altogether, a crowd-pleasing personality ... whose limitations were caused mainly by his own failure to concentrate.
— Don Bradman, [328]
Miller totalled 1,088 runs for the tour at an average of 47.30, only the eighth highest in the squad. He took 56 wickets at 17.58 and held onto 20 catches. [307] [329]
Bradman criticised Miller's hitting of sixes (26), [266] feeling that his mercurial all rounder lacked restraint and concentration. [307] In contrast, Fingleton praised Miller's attitude to cricket, saying "He is never one to accept runs when they are there for the taking ... I acknowledge myself the supreme believer in Miller as a cricketer. He had given me joy in the game approached by others." [313] With respect to his persistent bouncing of Hutton and Compton, Fingleton said that it was up to England to develop bowlers of express pace—which they lacked at the time—to retaliate against or deter the Australians from pursuing such tactics. [330] Miller's persistent disagreements with Bradman soon caught up with him, despite the latter's retirement after the tour. During Bradman's testimonial match, Miller bowled three consecutive bouncers at his retired captain, dismissing him with the last of these and drawing an angry look. Bradman was one of three members of the national selection panel, and Miller was dropped for the next series against South Africa in 1949–50. Although Bradman denied voting for the omission, most of the players in the team did not believe this. [331]
Omission for South Africa
After returning to Australia, Miller played against Bradman in a testimonial match in 1948–49. Miller bowled three consecutive bouncers at Bradman, dismissing him with the last of the short-pitched deliveries for 53. [332] [333] [334] Bradman was angered by Miller's bowling. [333] [334] One week later, the squad to tour South Africa in the following season was announced, and Miller was omitted, [83] [334] despite being ranked as the best all rounder in the world. [335] During the Australian season, which was a purely domestic one, he had scored 400 runs at 33.33 and taken 11 wickets at 24.09. [83] [335] He scored one century against Queensland during the season, as well as a 99 against Victoria at the SCG. [336] The surprise omission led to much conjecturing about the reasoning. [334] [337] One was that Miller had stated during the season that he did not want to bowl, so the selectors only considered his batting performances. [336] Another was that Miller's bouncing of Bradman had provoked his former captain into voting against him at the selection table. [337] Rumours circulated that new captain Lindsay Hassett did not want Miller on the tour because he was undisciplined, which Hassett denied. [338] Another was that Jack Ryder, the Victorian selector and former Australian captain, had voted against Miller in retaliation for his move to New South Wales. [339] Both Bradman and Chappie Dwyer claimed they voted for Miller, leading Miller to quip "somebody's telling lies", as there were only three on the selection panel. [337]
The media stridently criticised Miller's omission, [340] as did former players such as Stan McCabe and Alan Kippax. [341] During the off season, he worked as a journalist and played baseball, [342] but declined a trial with a Major League Baseball club, the Boston Red Sox. [343] Miller captained New South Wales at the start of the 1949–50 season as his colleagues went to South Africa, his first leadership experience in the Sheffield Shield. [343] He scored 80 and took six wickets in the first match against Queensland. After another victory over Western Australia, [344] he received a request from the Australian Board of Control. At the request of captain Hassett, Miller was asked to tour South Africa as cover for Johnston, who had been injured in a car crash. [337] [345] [346] [347] Miller accepted the offer and resigned himself to bowling heavily. [348] [349] Miller almost missed the trip after arriving late at the dock in Perth after a drunken night. The next boat to South Africa would not have departed for several weeks. [350] Despite his recall, there remained tension over his initial omission, as Dwyer was the team manager. [351]
Miller was given the responsibility of batting in the number three position when Hassett was afflicted by tonsillitis. [352] In the First Test at Johannesburg, Miller scored 21 and then took 5/40 in South Africa's first innings, [353] only his second match on tour, [354] resulting in the home side being forced to follow on and lose by an innings. [216] In the Second Test at Cape Town, he scored 58 and then took 3/54 in the first innings. [354] [355] On the third morning, Miller crashed his car and arrived late to the ground, still putting on his trousers as he entered the playing field. Despite, this he dismissed Dudley Nourse with his third ball. [356] [357] He was wicketless in the second innings, and took only one in the Third Test in Durban and did not pass 10 with the bat. [216] Australia won both matches. [358] He returned to the form in the Fourth Test with 84, 33 not out and 3/75 in a high scoring draw. [216] [359] [360] Miller took match figures of 5/66 in the Fifth Test as Australia took the series 4–0. He ended the series with 246 runs at 41.00 and 17 wickets at 22.94, [216] [361] placing in the top six in the Test averages for bat and ball. [362] During the tour matches, he took match figures of 11/54 against Natal Country Districts and scored a century against Transvaal. [363]
Ashes in Australia
Miller started the 1950–51 season with an unbeaten 201 in a Shield match against Queensland. At 438 minutes, it was his longest first-class innings. [364] [365] In the return match, he scored 138 not out in just 118 minutes in a successful run-chase, a sharp contrast to his double-century. [366] [367] In a tour match against the visiting England team at the SCG before the Test series, Miller scored 214, having been 99 not out at stumps on the previous day. [368] [369] He hit 15 fours and three sixes. [370] He made ducks in consecutive matches leading into the First Test in Brisbane. [371] Miller scored 15 and eight on a rain-affected pitch, [372] and took match figures of 3/50 in an Australian victory, dismissing Dewes twice. [216] [373] [374] He had another quiet match in the Second Test, scoring 18 and 14 and taking a match total of 2/55. [216] [375] After struggling in the first two Tests, Miller rediscovered his batting form with 98 against the tourists for New South Wales. [376] [377] [378]
England had started the Third Test at Sydney strongly. Australia took its first wicket when Miller caught Washbrook from Johnson with a horizontal diving catch at slip. [379] England were still in control at 1/128 when Miller came on to bowl. [380] He removed Hutton and Reg Simpson before bowling Compton for a duck. [377] [379] In the space of four overs from Miller, England were now 4/137. Miller had contributed to all four wickets. [381] Miller ended with 4/37 as England were bowled out for 290 on the second day. [377] Miller batted patiently on the third day, reaching 96 by stumps with Australia at 6/362. The next day, with his century four runs away, Miller arrived late, leaving his batting partner Johnson waiting at the players' gate. [381] Miller progressed to 145 not out despite the interruption. It has been a patient innings by his standards, taking almost a day. [379] [381] England collapsed for 123, leaving Australia to take an innings victory. [377] [382] In the first innings of the Fourth Test in Sydney, Miller scored 44 and did not take a wicket, but he was heading for consecutive Test centuries in the second innings. He reached 99 when a leg break from Doug Wright spun across him and clipped the off bail. [383] The innings helped Australia to set England a target of 503. Miller took 3/27 on the final day, helping to cut through the middle order as Australia won by 274 runs. [384] [385] [386] Miller was out for seven and a duck in the Fifth Test at the MCG. He took 4/76 in the first innings, joining Lindwall in cutting down the middle order, despite which England won by eight wickets. [387] Miller topped the Test batting averages with 350 runs at 43.75, [388] and for the entire first-class season, he scored 1332 runs at 78.35, the highest among all comers. [384] His bowling was also strong, with 17 wickets at 17.70, second only to Jack Iverson (21 wickets at 15.23). An attack by Morris (182) and Miller (83) in a Shield match dispirited Iverson, and he never played Test cricket again. [389] [390]
West Indies tour Australia
The 1951–52 Australian season saw the first tour by a West Indian team in two decades. The Caribbean team had beaten England 3–1 in 1950 and were regarded as the biggest threat to Australia since Bodyline . [391] The batting was led by the "three Ws": Everton Weekes, Frank Worrell and Clyde Walcott. The English had also been bamboozled by the leg spin and left arm orthodox of Sonny Ramadhin and Alf Valentine, who took 59 wickets between them in four Tests against England. [391] [392] [393] Miller and Lindwall were charged with attacking the opposition batsmen, testing them with short-pitched bowling. [394] [395] The West Indies batted first in the First Test at Brisbane and were dismissed for 216; Miller dismissing their captain John Goddard. [396] [397] Miller came to the crease at 3/80 and could not pick Ramadhin. He decided to attack the leg spinner without picking him. He missed some, was dropped twice and hit a six before falling for 46 to Valentine. Australia scraped out a 10-run lead. [395] [397] [398] Miller took another wicket in the second innings but managed only four as Australia stumbled to a three-wicket victory. [399] Between Tests, Miller took eight wickets in the match as New South Wales beat the tourists in a tour match. [400] In the Second Test at Sydney, Miller came to the crease at 3/106 having gone wicketless in the West Indies' first innings of 362. [399] He began to pick Ramadhin and finished with 129 in 246 minutes. Miller and Hassett put on 235, an Australian Test record for any wicket against the West Indies. [397] [400] Ramadhin ended with 1/196 and was demoralised. [401] In the second innings, Miller took 3/50 with a heavy barrage of short balls and claimed two catches to help Australia to a seven-wicket victory. [400] [402] Wisden decried Lindwall and Miller's "relentless bumper tactics". [403]
Miller had a lean Third Test, taking only one wicket and scoring four and 35, [216] as Australia lost by six wickets. [403] In the Fourth Test at the MCG, the West Indies batted first and Miller removed both openers in the first hour, before returning to end with 5/60 as the tourists were bowled out for 272. He then scored 47 as Australia managed only 216. He took 2/49, but only scored two in Australia's run-chase of 259. The home team won by one wicket. [216] [404] In the Fifth Test, Miller took 5/26 in the first innings with another concentrated display of short-pitched bowling, [405] and then scored 69 in the second innings. He took two further wickets in the second innings as Australia fell short of their target. [216] Miller ended the series as the leading bowler, with 20 wickets at 19.90. He was second in the batting, with 362 runs at 40.22. [406] Throughout the series, Miller and Lindwall were repeatedly successful with their concerted bouncer tactics, which were heavily criticised. [407]
After the Test series ended, Miller captained a Commonwealth XI that played against a touring England team in Colombo, Ceylon. England had been on a tour of the Indian subcontinent. Miller scored 106 as the Commonwealth compiled 517. Miller took three wickets in the first innings and led his team to a victory by an innings and 259 runs. [408]
Captain of New South Wales
At the start of the 1952–53 season, the New South Wales Cricket Association's five-man selection panel installed Miller as captain in place of Morris. This was despite Morris leading the state to the Sheffield Shield in the previous season. [407] Miller did not lobby for the job, but the Sydney media had campaigned for Miller, suggesting that his flamboyant style would attract more spectators and help stem the financial losses of the NSWCA. Despite this, Morris remained the Test vice-captain ahead of Miller. [409] [410] [411]
In his first match as leader, Miller scored 109 against Queensland. Taking 260 minutes, it was the slowest century of his career. [412] [413] In another match against the touring South Africans, Miller elected to field and reduced his opponents to 3/3 and went on to win by five wickets. [412] His players respected him, and some began to mimic his cough, voice, gait and idiosyncrasies. Richie Benaud unbuttoned his shirt in Miller's mould. [414] [415] He captained in an unorthodox manner, often trying unusual ploys to unsettle the opposition. He encouraged the opposition to attack in an attempt to get a wicket, and often shuffled his batting order to suit the circumstances of his batsmen. [413] [416] He was soon called before authorities after a match against South Australia. Sid Barnes, his 12th man, had come onto the ground with drinks, dressed as a flight attendant. He also brought things such as cigars, mirrors and combs. Barnes' antics extended the break longer than usual. Miller was called before the NSWCA after the South Australian Cricket Association lodged a complaint, and had to give an assurance that such an incident would not be repeated. [417] [418]
Miller started the Test series against South Africa poorly. Suffering from a throat infection, [419] he scored three in both innings and took 1/46 in an Australian victory. [420] In the Second Test at the MCG, Miller performed consistently with bat and ball, taking 4/62 and 3/51 and scoring 52 and 31. In the course of the match, he passed the all-round double of 1000 Test runs and 100 Test wickets when he dismissed John Waite in the second innings, but this was not enough to prevent defeat. [420] [421] In the Third Test, Miller scored 55, putting on 168 with Harvey, [422] and took 3/48 and 2/33 in an innings victory. [216] [419] Australia's fortunes took a turn for the worse in the Fourth Test in Adelaide. Miller scored nine and injured his back after two overs with the ball. Lindwall also broke down. [419] Without their spearheads, Australia were unable to bowl out the South Africans and match was drawn. [422] [423] Both were ruled out of the Fifth Test and the South Africans levelled the series despite conceding 520 runs during the first innings. Australia's bowlers were unable to stop the South African batsmen without their new ball pair. [422] [423] [424]
1953 Ashes tour
Australia proceeded to the 1953 Ashes tour. [425] During a stopover at Naples, Miller was locked inside after entering a private opera rehearsal without authorisation, but managed to escape and rejoin the boat as it was about to leave. [425] During his career, several cricket books were published under Miller's name, and he was embroiled in further controversy when one ghost-written tome, which was printed as the team left for England, criticised his captain Hassett as being too cautious. [426] [427] [428]
The burden on Miller and Lindwall increased when Johnston broke down in an early tour game. [307] Miller was wicketless against Worcestershire, but succeeded with the bat, scoring an unbeaten 220 in just over six hours. [429] [430] He then scored 159 not out against Yorkshire. [429] [431] At this point, Miller had scored 421 runs in the week of May, and the media began to speculate that he could score 1000 runs in one month, something that had been done on a tour only by Bradman. [431] [432]
Miller's love of horseracing then interfered with his quest. Wanting to attend an afternoon race meeting, he opened the batting in the morning against Cambridge University. Not intending to play a long innings, he attacked the bowling and was out for 20, before heading for the track. [433] [434] He stayed at the track until late afternoon, and returned to find the Australians walking out to field. [435] This was followed by a match against the MCC at Lord's where he took four wickets of English Test players. [431] [436] Miller then took match figures of 5/27 against Oxford University. [436] [437] [438] In the match against Essex, Miller pulled rib muscles, meaning he could not bowl in the First Test at Trent Bridge. He scored 55 and five in a rain-affected draw. [439]
Australia travelled to Bramall Lane under the captaincy of Miller. Captain Hassett and his deputy Morris were rested and stayed in London with the team manager. After the first day's play, he organised a party for that lasted until the next afternoon—the rest day. He woke up with a hangover the next day just minutes before the start of play. Improvising, Miller arrived at the ground in a hearse. [440] When it was Australia's turn to bat, Miller was the last man to be dismissed, having scored 86 despite his hangover. [441]
The Test series moved to Lord's. Miller resumed bowling, sending down 42 overs and taking a total of 1/74. He managed 25 in the first innings, but promoted to number three in the second innings, he batted patiently to reach stumps before reaching his first Test century on English soil the following morning, [216] [442] but England held on for a draw. [443] More than half of the Third Test at Old Trafford was washed out, resulting in another draw. Miller took 1/38 bowling fast off breaks and scored 17 and six. [216] [443] Australia then played Middlesex at Lord's, where Miller scored a hard-hitting 71. [444]
Australia elected to field on a wet wicket in the Fourth Test at Headingley. Miller dismissed Edrich and Graveney and ended with 2/39 from 38 overs as England were bowled out for 167. [216] [445] Miller made only five in the first innings. In the second innings, Miller and Lindwall launched a short-pitched barrage and dismissed Watson and Simpson in consecutive balls. England were 5/177 a stumps on day four, leading by 78. [446] [447] The pacemen were booed from the field. [448] [449] The next day, Miller dismissed Evans early, before Trevor Bailey began his resistance. [439] [448] Frustrated by Bailey's defensive style and time-wasting, Miller lost his cool and aimed a beamer straight at Bailey's head, further angering the crowd. [448] Miller ended with 4/63 from a long spell of 47 overs. [450] England held on for another draw after more time-wasting by Bailey. The teams headed for the Fifth Test at The Oval tied 0–0. [451] Miller's last Test performance was his least productive; he scored one and a duck and took a total of 2/89. England won the match and regained the Ashes. [216] [452] Miller's returns were below his career standards, with 223 runs at 24.77 and 10 wickets at 30.30. He took two catches. [216] [453]
Miller scored 67 against the Gentlemen of England at Lord's and then played against the Combined Services at Kingston. He reached his century before lunch and then proceeded to 262 not out with 24 boundaries. This included a 377-run fourth-wicket stand by Jim de Courcy in only 205 minutes, in particular targeting Fred Trueman's bowling. [454] [455] He then took 3/17 with the ball. [456] He finished the English summer with 1,433 runs at 51.17, the second highest average behind Harvey among batsmen with over 200 runs. [456] He was the only Australian to hit two double centuries and also took 45 wickets at 22.51. [456] For his efforts that summer, Wisden Cricketers' Almanack named him one of its Five Cricketers of the Year. [457]
Overlooked for Test captaincy
Miller returned to Australia and led New South Wales to the Sheffield Shield title in 1953–54. [458] [459] He topped the Australian first-class batting averages with 71.10, but had his poorest season with the ball, taking only 16 wickets at 38.75. [460] The season was purely domestic with no touring side and therefore no Test matches. [461] The season was also a transition point in Australian cricket, as Hassett retired upon return to Australia. [462] Initially, Morris and Miller were the two frontrunners for the captaincy. Miller was the state captain, but Morris was the vice-captain of the Test team ahead of Miller. [463] [464] At the time, Johnson had been dropped from the Australian team, but inherited the Victorian captaincy from Hassett, who accused him of not trying. Hassett told Johnson that he could become Test captain if he regained his form and his Test position. [462] [465] As the outgoing captain, Hassett was believed to have an influence over the selection of his successor. Miller had also criticised Hassett in his book, [462] and there was talk that Hassett was upset about Miller's departure from South Melbourne and Victoria. [435] Johnson returned to form with 45 wickets at 22.75 for the season. [466] [467]
England toured Australia in the 1954–55 season. [468] Johnson was selected to lead an Australian XI in a tour match against the Englishmen before the Tests, an indication of the selectors' inclination. He took 6/66 in England's only innings. [469] [470] [471] The build-up featured a media war, Melbourne newspapers stumping for Johnson and the Sydney journalists trumpeting Miller. [472] Miller warmed up for the Tests with 86 for New South Wales against England. On 18 November, the Australian Board of Control selected Johnson as captain, with Morris as his deputy. [469] [470] Miller's irreverent nature was cited as a possible reason for the board's selection. Johnson was regarded as a superior diplomat; [473] [474] Miller had a reputation for turning up late and being undisciplined. [475] Miller had frequently been in dispute with Bradman, who was a member of the board and the chairman of selectors. [435] [476] Miller had also questioned where revenue that the board collected from ticket sales was being used. [435] Others claimed that Johnson was appointed because he was part of the establishment; his father Bill was a former Australian selector. [477] The decision was bitterly criticised by the Sydney press.
There is strong feeling amongst cricket enthusiasts that horse trading on a state basis rather than objective evaluation of cricket skills has dominated selectors discussions. The operating principle seems to have been "you look after my man and we'll look after yours."
Miller scored 49 in the First Test at Brisbane as Australia amassed 8/601, before dismissing Simpson and Hutton as England fell to an innings defeat. [216] [469] [477] [479] A knee injury forced Miller to miss the Second Test at the SCG, which England won. [477] [480] [481] Miller returned for the Third Test at the MCG, but was initially unavailable to bowl due to lingering knee problems. [482] Upon receiving an inquiry about the health of his knee before the match by Prime Minister of Australia Robert Menzies, Miller agreed to try to bowl for a short period and lift his team. [483] [484] England elected to bat and Miller removed Hutton, Edrich and Compton with his outswinger. He ended up bowling for the entire first session of play and had 3/5 at lunch from nine overs, before finishing at 3/14. England were bowled out for 191. [216] [483] [485] Miller struggled with the bat, scoring six and seven as Frank Tyson's pace saw England inflict a second successive defeat on Australia. [486] [487] Australia needed to win the Fourth Test in Adelaide to keep the series alive. Miller scored 44 and 14 as Australia were bowled out in the second innings to leave England with 94 for victory. Miller made a late burst, removing Edrich, Hutton and Colin Cowdrey in consecutive overs to leave England at 3/18. [488] He then took a difficult catch from Johnston to dismiss Peter May. [489] England were then 4/49 but hung on to win by five wickets and secure the Ashes. [490] [491] [492] It was the first time that Australia had lost three consecutive Tests since the Bodyline series of 1932–33. [493] Miller made 19 and 28 in the rain-affected draw in the Fifth Test. He ended the series with 167 runs at 23.86, his lowest ever at international level, [216] [494] and took 10 wickets at 24.30. [495]
He had more success as domestic level. New South Wales beat Victoria in two days at the SCG to win the Sheffield Shield; Miller taking five wickets in the second innings. [496] He also led his state in a 45-run win over the tourists, their only defeat apart from the First Test. [491] The match was marked by a quickfire 71 in 57 minutes and his team's attacking strategy. [497] [498]
West Indies tour
After leading his state to another Sheffield Shield title and a win over England, [498] Miller replaced Morris as the vice-captain for the tour of the West Indies that started in early 1955. [496] [499] Australia was looking for its first series win against any team in three years, having lost two consecutive series to England. [493] [500] Australia batted first in the opening Test at Sabina Park in Jamaica. [501] Miller came to the wicket at 2/137 and put on a 224-run partnership with Harvey. Both ended with centuries and Miller scored his highest Test score of 147, striking 15 fours. [502] [503] When Valentine and Ramadhin had conceded 100 runs, he respectively shook their hands. [503] [504] Australia finished at 9/515. Johnson had been injured when hit in the foot by a yorker so Miller was left in charge of the team on the field with Australia one bowler short. [503] [504] Miller attempted to unsettle the batsmen by placing many men close to the bat in an attempt to insult their batting capabilities. He took the new ball at 5/239 and the hosts collapsed to be all out for 259. [505] Miller had taken 2/36, [216] and enforced the follow-on, which was questioned as paceman Ron Archer had broken down. With Australia two bowlers short, the West Indies moved to 1/114. When Weekes arrived at the crease, Miller unsettled him with delaying tactics, and he was out for one. [505] He then placed two silly points and two silly mid-ons in an attempt to unsettle Walcott, who fell to Lindwall soon after. Miller then took two wickets and the hosts had lost three wickets in as many overs. The West Indies were bowled out and Australia won by nine wickets. [216] [506] Miller had taken 3/62 in the second innings. [216]
Johnson resumed the leadership on the field in the Second Test at Queen's Park Oval in Trinidad. The match was a high-scoring draw, but Miller scored only three and took match figures of 1/148. [216] [502] [507] In the Third Test at Georgetown, Guyana, Miller removed both openers in the first innings and then scored 33 as Australia by eight wickets. He took 3/51 for the match. [216] [508] In the Fourth Test at Bridgetown, Barbados, Miller came to the wicket with Australia at 3/226 on the first day. The tourists lost two more wickets to be 5/233. Miller and Archer launched a counter-attacking partnership of 206. Miller reached 137 and then walked after edging a ball, even though none of the opposition had appealed. [509] Australia reached 668 and the West Indies were struggling at 6/147, Miller having dismissed Weekes and Collie Smith in the same over. [510] At the time, Miller was bowling at medium pace, but Johnson felt that the new batsmen Denis Atkinson and Clairmonte Depeiaza were vulnerable to express pace. Johnson ordered Miller to bowl fast, but was turned down. Johnson replaced Miller with Lindwall, who was tired and was hit around the ground. [510] [511] The pair seized the initiative and compiled a world Test record of 347 for the seventh wicket and the Australians were tired after failing to break the partnership. [511] [512] [513] Miller attacked Johnson in front of the other players, saying "You couldn't captain a bunch of bloody schoolboys!" [514] Johnson then offered to resolve the dispute "out the back", [514] implying a fisticuffs. [511] [513] [514]
Miller declined the offer and stopped. [511] [514] The match resumed the next day and the West Indies were eventually bowled out 158 behind. Miller had been punished by the batsmen, taking 2/113 from 22 overs. [216] Miller scored 10 and took 1/66 in the second innings as the match ended in a high-scoring draw. [515] Miller then took 6/107 in the first innings of the Fifth Test in Jamaica. He removed John Holt, Walcott and Smith, before taking three tail-end wickets as the home team were bowled out for 357. When Australia batted, Miller arrived at the crease to join Harvey with the score at 3/302. He added his third century of the series and ended with 109 as Australia reached 8/758. He took 2/58 in the second innings as Australia completed a 3–0 win. [516] [517] It was Miller's most statistically successful series, with 439 runs at 73.17 and the 20 wickets at 32.05 made him the equal leading wicket-taker along with Lindwall. [216] [518] [519]
Final domestic season
Miller started the 1955–56 season, which was purely domestic, [493] with 164 against Queensland in Brisbane. On the final day, Miller set the hosts 275 for victory in three hours. He convinced officials to pause the match for the running of the Melbourne Cup. [520] Queensland lost seven wickets but held on for a draw, aided by the 20 minutes lost by Miller's love of horseracing. [521]
The next match was against South Australia in Sydney. New South Wales had declared at 8/215 and the visitors were 0/2 at stumps on the first day. Miller's wife gave birth to their fourth child, and Miller was drinking into the next morning. He then arrived at the SCG, having forgotten to pick up teammate Peter Philpott as arranged, so he had to rush back and the pair arrived late for the day's play. [435] [521] Miller was still in a tuxedo as play was about to start. [149] Miller completed the unfinished over from the previous night and felt that the pitch did not offer any assistance. He then told Alan Davidson to bowl the next over from his end but, as Davidson was about to bowl, Miller changed his mind and took over. [521] Miller bowled Les Favell in the over. He kept on bowling and finished with 7/12 from 7.3 overs, clean bowling five of his victims. The visitors had been levelled for 27, [435] the lowest score in the history of the Sheffield Shield. [115] [522] Miller then asked South Australia to follow-on, [523] but showed little interest in bowling again, delivering only six overs despite the bowler-friendly conditions. Philpott said that "this was typical Miller. He was never an accumulator of records, not particularly concerned with figures." [522] In another incident, Miller had been making a speech at a civic reception for the New South Wales team in the town of Maitland. In front of the mayor at the town hall, he praised the hospitality, [524] before turning around to his players and asking what the name of the town was. [524] [525] [526] Miller then turned up late to a coaching clinic the next day and instead of teaching, he made a speech, advising the children to play tennis as there was more money on offer. [525]
In January 1956, Miller injured his back in a match against Queensland. [527] He suffered spasms that forced him to miss the rest of the season. He had scored 403 runs at 80.60 and taken 19 wickets at 14.94. [528] New South Wales again won the Sheffield Shield. [527] [529]
Final Ashes tour
Miller was selected for the 1956 Ashes tour, [530] [531] but could not bowl for a month because of a back injury from the first match. [532] Miller captained the Australians against Leicester. Coming in at 3/175, Miller made his highest first-class score of 281 not out, striking 35 fours in six and a half hours. [532] A tougher fight awaited against Surrey at The Oval, who had England's Test spin combination of Laker and Tony Lock. Miller came in at 3/124 and struggled, scoring 18 runs in his first 120 minutes, his slowest two hours of scoring in his career. [533] As his partners continued to fall Miller ended unbeaten on 57 as Australia were bowled out for 259; Laker taking all ten wickets. Australia lost by ten wickets, its first loss to a county since 1912. [533] As a result, sections of the Australian media began campaigning for Miller to replace Johnson as captain. [534] [535]
By the First Test at Trent Bridge, Miller was shouldering most of the bowling load. He sent down 52 overs in a rain-affected match, taking match figures of 6/127. He struggled with the bat, making a duck and four. [536] The teams headed to Lord's where Miller had to carry the pace attack without the injured Davidson and Lindwall. Crawford and Ken Mackay were called in to make their debut and support Miller with the pace duties. [537] Australia batted first and Miller managed 28. Australia managed only 285 and Crawford injured himself, exacerbating the burden on Miller. Miller had Peter Richardson and then bowled Tom Graveney with an outswinger. England were 2/32 and their captain Peter May received an inswinger from Miller first ball, which he inside edged onto his stumps, but the bail was not dislodged. [538] The next day, Miller beat May four times and then had Watson caught in the gully in his third over. He then removed Bailey and Trueman. Miller's 5/72 was largely responsible for England falling for 171. [216] [538] Australia was in difficulty at 3/69 when Miller came to bat, hitting a counterattacking 30. Australia set England 371 to win. Miller removed Graveney at the start of the run chase. [539] Resuming the next morning, he bowled Watson, and had May and Evans both caught behind. He bowled Johnny Wardle and took his only ten-wicket match haul in Tests. Australia won by 185 runs and Miller had bowled 70.1 overs for the match. [216] [540] His knee had taken a heavy toll and Miller was given an extended break had to play purely as a batsman in the Third Test at Headingley. [541] Australia were caught on a wet wicket in response to England's 325, [542] and Miller top-scored with 41 and Australia were forced to follow on. [543] He had attempted to keep Laker and Lock at bay with his pads. [544] In the second innings, Miller fell for 26 to Laker. Australia lost by an innings, [545] for the first time in a Test in 18 years. [493]
The Australian press attacked the team, and called for changes, [546] including the omission of the captain, Johnson. [546] [547] [548] Johnson, Miller and Gil Langley were the tour selectors. Langley and Miller were willing to omit Johnson only if the captain volunteered to stand aside. Johnson did not volunteer, so the others did not discuss the topic. [546] [549] [550] Miller and Johnson had both been appointed as Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 1956 New Year Honours, [551] and between the Tests they attended their formal investiture. [546]
The curator at Old Trafford had been ordered to prepare a dusty, spinning pitch for the Fourth Test. [552] A win for England would see them retain the Ashes. [553] Miller bowled 21 wicketless overs as England amassed 459. Miller was out for six and a duck and fell twice to Laker, who took a world record 19 wickets as Australia lost by an innings. [554] Wisden reported that the Australians were said "to be extremely bitter over the condition of the pitch". [555]
Miller then took 5/84 against Surrey, before leading the team against Warwickshire. He had received death threats in the lead-up to the game, ordering him to lose. He scored 46 not out and took 2/13 as Australia won by an innings. [556] He then took 5/29 in the second innings against Lancashire and made 50 and took match figures of 5/78 against Essex. [556]
On the eve of the Fifth Test at The Oval, Miller announced that the tour would be his last, so that he would retire from cricket after the tour of the Indian subcontinent on the return voyage. In his final Test on English soil, he took 4/91 in the first innings. Miller came in to bat at 5/47 and helped Australia recover to 202, top-scoring with 61. [557] He took another one wicket in the second innings and was unbeaten on seven when stumps were drawn in the second innings. The series ended 1–2. [558] He ended the series with 203 runs at 22.55 and topped the bowling with 21 wickets at 22.23. [216] [559] He topped the first-class bowling for the Australians with 50 wickets at 19.60. [560]
Australia played Pakistan at Karachi in the first Test between the two countries on a matting pitch, rather than the more familiar grass pitch. [561] Miller top-scored in the first innings with 21, as Australia fell for 80. [560] He took 2/40 and then scored 11 in the second innings as Australia fell to defeat. [562] It was the last Test of his career, as his knee injury deteriorated to the point that he could not play in the three Tests against India, and retired upon his return to Australia. [562]
Style and personality
Miller combined classy strokeplay with big hitting, his front foot play especially devastating. He had a rifle like straight drive, played pull and sweep shots with a minimum of effort and was able to cut elegantly. He combined this elegance with unorthodoxy, hitting two sixes over square leg with a backhand tennis shot and once beginning the day's play in a Test match with a six. [5] One straight six that he hit at the Sydney Cricket Ground was still rising when it hit the first deck of the M.A. Noble Stand. [232] Len Hutton said he was "the most unpredictable cricketer I have played against". [2]
As a bowler, Miller had a classically high arm action, moving the ball sharply either way and able to make the ball rise from a good length. His action caused opposition batsmen to perceive that his deliveries were gaining pace after pitching. [232] He was often able to generate more pace than his new ball partner, Lindwall. [5] He was always willing to try something new if the batsman were set, varying his approach from fifteen paces to five and vice versa. A round arm delivery often managed to capture a wicket, surprising the batsman. [5] Compton said that Miller "often had no preconceived idea what he intended to bowl even as he turned to start his run". [232] Miller often mixed slow leg breaks when he was bowling off a run. He once bowled English opening batsman David Sheppard with a googly during a Test. [232] Hutton opined that Miller was the bowler who was least concerned with the position of his bowling mark, and said that he "never felt physically safe against him". [232] His use of bouncers at Trent Bridge during the 1948 tour was seen as excessive by the English crowd, who booed him. Miller simply sat down until the barracking had subsided. He was often required to bowl through pain, pressing a disk into place at the base of his spine before sending down the next delivery. [7]
Miller and Lindwall formed an opening partnership that was regarded as one of the greatest of all time. [563] Hutton said that the pair was the most hostile that he faced during his career. Alan Davidson, a bowling all rounder who supported Lindwall and Miller for New South Wales and Australia, said that "Ray Lindwall was the best bowler I ever saw of any type; his control was just perfect. At the other end you had Miller, who was unpredictable...It really was a perfect team." [232] He was an acrobatic slips fielder, who would take freakish catches with nonchalant ease, often immediately returning to his discussion with those around him as if nothing was unusual. [5]
Miller often required a contest to retain interest in the game. He deplored Bradman's ruthless attitude towards annihilating the opposition and sometimes refused to try when Australia was in an unassailable position. At Southend in 1948, as the Australians scored a world record 721 runs in a single day against Essex, Miller, coming in to bat when the score was 2/364, allowed himself to be bowled first ball. [7] Indeed, he "turned to the wicketkeeper and said: 'Thank God that's over.'" [2] His teammate Sid Barnes said that if Miller "had the same outlook as Bradman or Ponsford he would have made colossal scores" and become "the statisticians' greatest customer". [564]
Miller never captained Australia in a Test, as his attitude to the game tended to alarm the authorities. About Miller, Ashley Mallett wrote, "He loved tradition, but hated convention. His unstructured way of playing and living would be anathema to cricketers now... He played as he fought the war, by impulse and mood." [2] He sometimes set his field by saying to his players: "scatter". [465] [523] On another occasion, he is reported turned to his players, after being told that NSW was taking the field with one player too many, and asked for one player to volunteer to "piss off". [465] [523]
A larger than life character, Miller is the subject of many stories, often apocryphal. One story had Don Bradman answering a knock on the door late one night to see Miller dressed in a dinner suit. Miller advised Bradman that, as demanded, he was in bed at curfew and was now going out. [2] His relationship with Bradman was one riddled with friction and mutual antipathy, "one a roundhead of massive influence, the other a cavalier and maverick". [565] As Bradman moved from batting hero and team captain to selector and administrator, his influence grew; this "... almost certainly cost Miller any chance of captaining his country". [565]
One night, following a duel with Messerschmitts in his Mosquito, he made an unauthorised detour over Bonn because it was Beethoven's birthplace and he was a lover of the classics. [2] Despite his fame, Miller remained a humble man; when asked his favourite cricketing memory, he would recall no incident concerning himself, but "a South Australian team-mate walking onto Lord's to a thunderous ovation a few weeks after his release from a POW camp". [2] The cricket broadcaster, John Arlott said "that for all the glamour that attached to Miller, he was staunch and unaffected as a friend". [2]
Later life
After retirement, Miller remained in the public eye, augmented by persistent "unsubstantiated rumours of an affair with Princess Margaret". [7] He made a living as a journalist and columnist, employed by the Daily Express as a "special cricket writer" for twenty years. [565] [566] As during his career, Miller was a proponent of attacking and bright play. He praised the aggressive leadership of his protégé Richie Benaud but criticised the style of play pursued by Australia under Benaud's successors Bob Simpson and Bill Lawry. [567] In the mid-1980s, when Australia was struggling, Miller called for the removal of Allan Border, an obdurate and defensive batsman, from the captaincy. [568]
He later worked for Vernons Pools, owned by the millionaire horseracing entrepreneur, Robert Sangster. [565] Miller "was happiest at the cricket or at the races". [7] He also worked as the head of a lobby group in promoting Australian rules football in his adopted New South Wales in the 1980s. At the time, the VFL was the dominant league and there were no top-flight teams in his adopted state or Queensland. [569]
Miller's later life was plagued by ill health. In November 1991, he was hospitalised with a stroke, and soon after fell over and broke his hip, necessitating two further operations. He had skin cancer, caused by his insistence on always displaying his mop of hair and not wearing a hat. He accepted these vicissitudes equably. "Some grieved to see him reduced, but not him; these were life's deliveries. He knew only that one would get him out eventually." He had an earlobe removed. The cancer also attacked his legs, and coupled with his hip injury, severely curtailed his mobility, forcing him to use walking frames and wheelchairs. [2] [570] Asked at 75 about death, he said: "Never think about it. No regrets. I've had a hell of a good life. Been damned lucky." [2]
Despite his illnesses, he continued to travel to England in the 1990s to watch cricket and meet up with Compton, Edrich and other war and cricket colleagues on an annual basis, although he became increasingly isolated as he outlasted his friends, both English and Australian. [571] On 1 January 2001, Miller was awarded the Centenary Medal for "service to Australian society through the sport of cricket". [572]
In late 2002, Miller divorced his wife Peg, [573] with whom he had four sons. He did so to marry his long-term mistress Marie Challman, with whom he had been living since 1999. Challman was a hospital receptionist and Miller reasoned that he would receive more effective medical treatment by moving to Melbourne to live with her, as his specialist doctors also lived there. [574] He had other long-term mistresses, including an Australian beauty queen with whom he was photographed in public. [575] During his later years, his illness contributed to what his family felt was a deteriorating attitude and he fell out with his sons, but they were reconciled shortly before his death. [576]
Miller died on 11 October 2004 after being in persistent poor health. [7] [8] The Victoria Government gave him a state funeral that saw hundreds of mourners stand outside the packed cathedral, and was broadcast across the nation on ABC Radio. [577] He was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in the 2005 Australia Day Honours for "service to sport, particularly cricket as a player, journalist and commentator". [578]
Legacy and statistical analysis
Miller's achievements were recognised by a host of awards during his lifetime and posthumously. Miller was one of the ten inaugural inductees into the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame in 1996. [579] In 2000, he was named in the Australian Cricket Board Team of the Century as its vice-captain. [580] In January 2009, Miller was announced as one of the inaugural inductees in the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame, having previously been included in the Federation of International Cricketers' Associations (FICA) Hall of Fame. [581] ESPN writer Steven Lynch wrote that Miller "was more than a cricketer ... he embodied the idea that there was more to life than cricket". [7]
He is also one of only four Australian cricketers to be honoured with a portrait in the Long Room at Lord's in London. [565] [582] [583] Miller is one of only three men to have his name on both the batting and bowling honours boards in the visitors' dressing-room there, for scoring both a century and for taking five wickets in a test at the ground. [7]
Miller's abilities as an all-rounder led to enormous success as both batsman and bowler. The ICC player rankings have been applied retrospectively to cricket history and Miller achieved top ten rankings with both bat and ball. As a batsman, he peaked at ninth in the world in 1952, and was a top-20 player from shortly after his début and for the rest of the duration of his career. [584] Miller's bowling abilities led to even greater success. By the end of 1946, he was already ranked sixth in the world and thereafter never slipped lower than ninth; for much of his career, he was the second-best bowler in the world according to the ratings, remarkably, for a 36-year-old, peaking at the number 1 slot for a few months in 1956. [585] As an all-rounder, therefore, it is unsurprising to find that he was peerless for most of his career, ranked as number one in the world for most of his career, including an unbroken eight-year run from June 1948 until his retirement. [586]
Miller's statistics are an inexact measure of his worth to the side. Many of the Australia teams he played in featured very strong batting line-ups, restricting his opportunities as a middle-order player. [587] His verve and enthusiasm were also important contributors to Australian success, as was his ability to produce the unexpected (particularly with the ball) and help break partnerships. [149] It is for this reason that he is remembered for his personality and his one-off feats, more than statistical accomplishment; in Ian Chappell's words "People who saw it still talk of Keith Miller's monster shot that hit the Members Stand clock at the SCG in the 1950s". [588]
Test match performance
 Miller reading Wisden Cricketers' Almanack in 1951 | |
| Personal information | |
|---|---|
| Full name | Keith Ross Miller |
| Born | 28 November 1919 Sunshine, Victoria, Australia |
| Died | 11 October 2004 (aged 84) Mornington, Victoria, Australia |
| Nickname | Nugget |
| Height | 6 ft 2 in (188 cm) |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm fast |
| Role | All-rounder |
| International information | |
| National side | |
| Test debut(cap 168) | 29 March 1946 v New Zealand |
| Last Test | 11 October 1956 v Pakistan |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| Batting [590] | Bowling [591] | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opposition | Matches | Runs | Average | High Score | 100 / 50 | Runs | Wickets | Average | Best (Inns) |
 England | 29 | 1,511 | 33.57 | 145* | 3/6 | 1,949 | 87 | 22.40 | 7/60 |
 India | 5 | 185 | 37.00 | 67 | 0/2 | 223 | 9 | 24.77 | 2/25 |
 New Zealand | 1 | 30 | 30.00 | 30 | 0/0 | 6 | 2 | 3.00 | 2/6 |
 Pakistan | 1 | 32 | 16.00 | 21 | 0/0 | 58 | 2 | 29.00 | 2/40 |
 South Africa | 9 | 399 | 33.25 | 84 | 0/4 | 631 | 30 | 21.03 | 5/40 |
 West Indies | 10 | 801 | 53.40 | 147 | 4/1 | 1,039 | 40 | 25.97 | 6/107 |
| Overall | 55 | 2,958 | 36.97 | 147 | 7/13 | 3,906 | 170 | 22.97 | 7/60 |
