List of Portuguese words of Germanic origin

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This is a list of Portuguese words that come from Germanic languages. Many of these words entered the language during the late antiquity, either as words introduced into Vulgar Latin elsewhere, or as words brought along by the Suebi who settled in Gallaecia [1] (Northern Portugal and Galicia) in the 5th century, and also by the Visigoths [2] who annexed the Suebic Kingdom in 585. Other words were incorporated to Portuguese during the Middle Ages, mostly proceeding from French and Occitan languages, as both cultures had a massive impact in Portuguese during the 12th and 13th centuries. More recently other words with Germanic origin have been incorporated, either directly from English or other Germanic languages, or indirectly through French.

Contents

Many of these words are shared with the Galician language, [3] with minor spelling or phonetic differences. It is divided into words that come from English, Frankish, Langobardic, Middle Dutch, Middle High German, Middle Low German, Old English, Old High German, Old Norse, Old Swedish, and Visigothic and finally, words which come from Germanic with the specific source unknown. Projections indicate over 600 Germanic words in Portuguese, with a tendency to increase due to English, German and other modern influences.

Some of these words existed in Latin as loanwords from other languages. Some of these words have alternate etymologies and may also appear on a list of Galician words from a different language. Some words contain non-Germanic elements. Any form with an asterisk (*) is unattested and therefore hypothetical.

Dutch

English

Frankish

German

Latin words in Portuguese of Germanic origin

Langobardic

Middle Dutch

Derivatives: amarra 'mooring', amarração 'binding, strong emotional bond, emotional relationship, mooring', amarrado 'determined, obstinate, bound, moored', amarradura 'mooring place, knot or tool'

Middle High German

Middle Low German

Old English

Old High German

Old Norse

Old Swedish

Visigothic

Germanic

Derivatives: facalhão 'eustace', faqueiro 'cutlery or cutlery cabinet', facada 'stabbing', colloquial facada nas costas 'to stab (someone) behind the back'
Derivatives: gaiteiro '(bag)piper', gaita 'penis, or swearword akin to "cock"'(colloquial), gaita-de-foles, gaita-de beiços, 'different types or names for bagpipes, gaitar 'to sob or to fail an exam' (colloquail).
Derivatives: agrupar 'to group, to organise into a section', agrupado 'part of a group', agrupamento 'act of grouping, a team'.
Derivatives: enrocar[v], rocar[v], 'to spindle', enrocamento 'riprap'

Names

Forenames

Ancient Roman-derived names are the most numerous in Portugal and Portuguese-speaking countries. Together with Germanic-derived names they constitute the majority of those (and similarly to most European/Western countries inherited also a number of ancient Greek and Hebrew names) today:

Surnames

List

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Z

See also

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References

  1. ↑ https://minerva.usc.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10347/4870/491-500_VERBA%2019.pdf [ bare URL PDF ]
  2. ↑ "(PDF) Os Estrangeirismos No Léxico Português Uma Perspectiva Diacrónica | Madalena Teixeira - Academia.edu". Filologia e Linguística Portuguesa. 10–11: 81. 2009. doi: 10.11606/issn.2176-9419.v0i10-11p81-100 . hdl: 10400.15/691 .
  3. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-11-09. Retrieved 2020-01-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. ↑ "estandarte", Wiktionary, 2021-03-13, retrieved 2022-01-09
  5. ↑ "Speech Analysis Essay | Bartleby".
  6. ↑ "gauntlet 1. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  7. ↑ Čeština (2017-11-02). "râper - Wiktionary". En.wiktionary.org. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  8. ↑ "reu- The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2007-02-03. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  9. ↑ "gen- The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  10. ↑ "bheid- The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2006-12-12. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  11. ↑ "Aus- the American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2009-01-25. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  12. ↑ "ner-1. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2006-12-10. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  13. ↑ "wes-pero- The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2006-10-18. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  14. ↑ "south. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2007-02-24. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  15. 1 2 Émile Littré. François Gannaz (ed.). "Littré - grappe - définition, citations, étymologie". Littre.org. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  16. ↑ Émile Littré. François Gannaz (ed.). "Littré - feutre - définition, citations, étymologie". Littre.org. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  17. ↑ "feutre — Wiktionnaire" (in French). Fr.wiktionary.org. 2018-11-30. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  18. ↑ "Bull Run Essay - Bartleby". www.bartleby.com.
  19. ↑ DCECH s.v. amagar; Orel 2003 s.v. *magōn
  20. ↑ dcech s.v. gabarse ^ cf. rew §3626
  21. ↑ "Consulte o significado / definição de Grampo no Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, o dicionário online de português contemporâneo". Priberam.pt. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  22. ↑ Paraschkewow, Boris (2004). Wφrter und Namen gleicher Herkunft und Struktur: Lexikon etymologischer ... - Boris Paraschkewow - Google Books. ISBN   9783110174700 . Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  23. ↑ DCECH s.v. veta
  24. ↑ Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1991–1997). "rapar". Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico. Madrid: Gredos.
  25. ↑ "abandon. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2006-08-10. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  26. ↑ "bh-2. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2007-02-02. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  27. ↑ "man-1. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2006-05-19. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  28. ↑ "Bhel-1. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2009-01-24. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  29. ↑ "Bh-1. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2009-04-02. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  30. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-08-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  31. ↑ "steig- The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2007-02-04. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  32. ↑ "wer-3. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". Archived from the original on 2007-02-10. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  33. 1 2 DCECH s.v. tapa; Orel 2003 s.v. *tappōn
  34. ↑ Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN   0-19-508137-4
  35. ↑ "Apelido Araújo Toponímia, Etimoloxía, Heráldica e Distribución do Apelido Araújo en Apelidos de Galicia". Apelidosgalicia.org. 11 May 2009. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  36. ↑ Émile Littré. François Gannaz (ed.). "Littré - guède - définition, citations, étymologie". Littre.org. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
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