Boulevard

For other uses, see Boulevard (disambiguation).

"Blvd" redirects here. For other uses, see BLVD (disambiguation).

Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, United States

The Straße des 17. Juni in Berlin, Germany

Mannerheimintie in Helsinki, Finland

Viali di Circonvallazione in Florence, Italy

A boulevard is a type of broad avenue planted with rows of trees, or in parts of North America, any urban highway or wide road in a commercial district.

In Europe, boulevards were originally circumferential roads following the line of former city walls.

In North American usage, boulevards may be wide, multi-lane thoroughfares divided with only a central median.

Etymology

The word boulevard is borrowed from French. In France, it originally meant the flat surface of a rampart, and later a promenade taking the place of a demolished fortification. It is a borrowing from the Dutch word bolwerk 'bulwark'. ^[1]

Notable examples

Asia

Azerbaijan

• Baku Boulevard

Bangladesh

• Manik Mia Avenue

Cambodia

• Norodom Boulevard
• Monivong Boulevard
• Sihanouk Boulevard
• Xi Jinping Boulevard

India

• M G Road
• Anna Salai
• Indira Gandhi Sarani
• Marine Drive
• Krishnaraja Boulevard
• Rajpath
• Necklace Road
• Mahatma Gandhi Road
• Foreshore Road

Indonesia

• Jalan Jenderal Sudirman
• Jalan M.H. Thamrin
• Jalan Jenderal Gatot Subroto
• Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said
• Jalan Gajah Mada/Jalan Hayam Wuruk
• Jalan Prof. Dr. Satrio

Vietnam

• Thang Long Boulevard

Iran

• Keshavarz Boulevard

Philippines

• Roxas Boulevard
• Shaw Boulevard
• España Boulevard
• Quezon Boulevard
• Aurora Boulevard
• Osmeña Boulevard ^[2]

Boulevards of Asia

• 
  Jalan Jenderal Sudirman in Jakarta
• 
  Keshavarz Boulevard of Tehran in mid 1970s
• 
  Roxas Boulevard in Manila
• 
  Baku Boulevard

Australia and Oceania

Australia

• St Kilda Road, Melbourne
• Royal Parade, Melbourne
• Victoria Parade, Melbourne
• Flemington Road, Melbourne
• Mount Alexander Road, Melbourne
• The Boulevard, Perth

New Zealand

• The Four Avenues, Christchurch
• Anzac Avenue, Dunedin
• Marine Parade, Napier

Boulevards of Oceania

• 
  St Kilda Road, Melbourne
• 
  Royal Parade, Melbourne
• 
  Marine Parade, Napier
• 
  Bealey Avenue, one of Christchurch's Four Avenues

Europe

Austria

• Vienna Ring Road

Denmark

Boulevards in Copenhagen:

• Nørre Voldgade
• H. C. Andersens Boulevard
• Vesterbrogade
• Sønder Boulevard
• Dalgas Boulevard
• Strandboulevarden
• Frederiksberg Allé

France

Main article: Boulevards of Paris

• Boulevard Beaumarchais
• Boulevard du Temple
• Boulevard Montmartre
• Boulevard des Italiens
• Boulevard des Capucines
• Boulevard de la Madeleine

Germany

• Unter den Linden, Berlin
• Kurfürstendamm, Berlin
• Karl-Marx-Allee, Berlin
• Boulevard der Stars, Berlin
• Königsallee, Düsseldorf
• Goerdelerring, Leipzig
• Brienner Straße, Munich
• Leopoldstraße, Munich
• Maximilianstraße, Munich
• Prinzregentenstraße, Munich

Hungary

• Little Boulevard, Budapest
• Grand Boulevard, Budapest
• Hungária Boulevard, Budapest ^[3]

Ireland

• O'Connell Street, Dublin

Italy

• Viali di Circonvallazione, Florence
• Foro Buonaparte  [ it ], Milan
• Via Merulana, Rome

Netherlands

• Lange Voorhout, The Hague

Spain

• Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, Barcelona
• Avenida de la Granvia de Hospitalet  [ es ], Barcelona
• Avinguda Diagonal, Barcelona
• Alameda Principal, Málaga

Portugal

• Avenida da Liberdade, Lisbon

Russia

• Boulevard Ring, Moscow
  • Tverskoy Boulevard ^[4]
• Garden Ring, Moscow

Ukraine

• Lesya Ukrainka Boulevard
• Sections of Small Ring Road, Kyiv

Boulevards of Europe

• 
  Boulevard Haussmann in Paris
• 
  Combino Supra at the Grand Boulevard in Budapest
• 
  Foro Buonaparte  [ it ] in Milan
• 
  Avinguda Diagonal in Barcelona
• 
  Clean Ponds in the wide median green of Chistoprudny Boulevard in Moscow

North America

Canada

• Lake Shore Boulevard, Toronto
• Pie-IX Boulevard, Montreal
• King George Boulevard, Surrey

Mexico

• Paseo de la Reforma, Mexico City

United States

• Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn
• Broadway, Manhattan
• West Side Highway, Manhattan
• FDR Drive, Manhattan (future project)
• Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles
• Santa Monica Boulevard, Los Angeles
• Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles
• Hollywood Boulevard, Los Angeles
• Chicago Boulevard System
• Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia
• Roosevelt Boulevard, Philadelphia
• Southern Boulevard Park, Philadelphia
• Boulevard, Atlanta
• Park Avenue, New York City
• Las Vegas Boulevard, Las Vegas
• Ohio River Boulevard, Pittsburgh

Boulevards of North America

• 
  Mexico City's Paseo de la Reforma
• 
  Queens Boulevard in New York City
• 
  Roosevelt Boulevard in Philadelphia
• 
  North Kedzie Boulevard (3200W) at West Palmer Square (2200N) in Chicago

South America

Argentina

• Avenida 9 de Julio , Buenos Aires

Uruguay

• Artigas Boulevard, Montevideo

References

1. Wiktionnaire ,
2. "Buses to Bring Change". Cebu Daily News. 20 June 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
3. "Húsvét után jön a nagykörúti káosz". Index.hu. 17 April 2006. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
4. "Некоммерческий проект бульвары Москвы". Bulwar.ru. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 16 September 2017.

Books

• Jacobs, Allan B.; Elizabeth Macdonald; Yodan Rofé (2003). The Boulevard Book. The MIT Press. ISBN   978-0-262-60023-1.
• Fiaccadori, Gianfranco; Malinverni, Alessandro; Mambriani, Carlo (2012). Guglielmo du Tillot: regista delle arti nell'età dei Lumi (in Italian). Parma: Fondazione Cariparma. ISBN   978-88-7898-064-8. OCLC   889616353.
• Pastega, Agostino Brotto (2010). Antonio Gaidon 1738–1829. Un professionista ante litteram dal rilievo mappale al boulevard. Bassano: Associazione Interprofessionale Bassanese.

External links

• The dictionary definition of boulevard at Wiktionary
• Boulevards in Vietnam