Sash

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A depiction of Captain Kidd, showing a red sash around his waist Pyle pirate relaxing2.jpg
A depiction of Captain Kidd, showing a red sash around his waist

A sash is a large and usually colorful ribbon or band of material worn around the human body, either draping from one shoulder to the opposing hip and back up, or else encircling the waist. The sash around the waist may be worn in daily attire, but the sash from shoulder to hip is worn on ceremonial occasions only. Ceremonial sashes are also found in a V-shaped format, draping straight from both shoulders down, intersecting and forming an angle over the chest or abdomen.

Contents

Military use

Old Europe

Elaborately embroidered sash from 1635 to 1642 Sashvanda.jpg
Elaborately embroidered sash from 1635 to 1642

In the mid- and late-16th century waist and shoulder sashes came up as mark of (high) military rank or to show personal affection to a political party or nation. During the Thirty Years' War the distinctive sash colour of the House of Habsburg was red while their French opponents wore white or blue sashes and the Swedish voted for blue sashes.

Beginning from the end of the 17th century, commissioned officers in the British Army wore waist sashes of crimson silk. The original officer's sash was six inches wide by eighty-eight inches long with a ten-inch (gold or silver) fringe. It was large enough to form a hammock stretcher to carry a wounded officer. From about 1730 to 1768, the officer's sash was worn baudericke wise, i.e. from the right shoulder to the left hip, and afterwards around the waist again. [1]

Sergeants were permitted sashes of crimson wool, with a single stripe of facing colour following the clothing regulations of 1727. Whereas it remained vague whether the sash was to be worn over the shoulder or around the waist, it was clarified in 1747 that sergeants had to wear their sashes around the waist. From 1768, the sergeant's waist sash had one (until 1825) resp. three (until 1845) stripes of facing colour; in regiments with red or purple facings the sergeant's sash had white stripes or remained plain crimson. [2] [3]

Until 1914 waist-sashes in distinctive national colours were worn as a peace-time mark of rank by officers of the Imperial German, Austro-Hungarian and Russian armies, amongst others.

The barrel sash is a type of belt traditionally worn by hussars.

Modern Europe

Since then sashes have been part of formal military attire (compare the sword-belt known as a baldric, and the cummerbund). Thus several other modern armies retain waist-sashes for wear by officers in ceremonial uniforms. These include the armies of Norway (crimson sashes), Sweden (yellow and blue), Greece (light blue and white), the Netherlands (orange), Portugal (crimson) and Spain (red and gold for generals, light blue for general staff and crimson for infantry officers). [4]

The Spanish Regulares (infantry descended from colonial regiments formerly recruited in Spanish Morocco) retain their historic waist-sashes for all ranks in colours that vary according to the unit. [5]

Sashes are a distinctive feature of some regiments of the modern French Army for parade dress. They are worn around the waist in the old Algerian or zouave style ("ceinture de laine"). Traditionally these sashes were more than 4 m (13 ft) in length and 40 cm (16 in) in width. In the historic French Army of Africa, sashes were worn around the waist in either blue for European or red for indigenous troops. [6]

(British) Commonwealth of Nations

The modern British Army retains a scarlet sash for wear in certain orders of dress by sergeants and above serving in infantry regiments, over the right shoulder to the left hip. A similar crimson silk net sash is worn around the waist by officers of the Foot Guards in scarlet full dress and officers of line infantry in dark blue "Number 1" dress. The same practice is followed in some Commonwealth armies.

The present-day armies of India and Pakistan both make extensive use of waist-sashes for ceremonial wear. The colours vary widely according to regiment or branch and match those of the turbans where worn. Typically two or more colours are incorporated in the sash, in vertical stripes. One end hangs loose at the side and may have an ornamental fringe. The practice of wearing distinctive regimental sashes or cummerbunds goes back to the late nineteenth century. [7]

Cross-belts resembling sashes are worn by drum majors in the Dutch, British and some Commonwealth armies. These carry scrolls bearing the names of battle honours.

United States of America

Washington at Princeton by Charles Wilson Peale (1779) George Washington at Princeton-PAFA.jpg
Washington at Princeton by Charles Wilson Peale (1779)

In the United States, George Washington, who served as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War and later served as the first President of the United States, was noted for wearing a blue ribbed sash, similar to that of the British Order of the Garter, early in the war, as he had in 1775 prescribed the use of green, pink, and blue sashes to identify aides de camp, brigade-majors, brigadiers general, majors general, and the commander in chief in the absence of formal uniforms. He later gave up the sash as "unrepublican" and "pretentious for all but the highest-ranking aristocracy", according to historians. Washington is seen wearing the sash in Charles Wilson Peale's 1779 painting Washington at Princeton . [8] [9]

Sashes continued to be used in the United States Army for sergeants and officers. In 1821 the red sashes (crimson for officers) were limited to first sergeants and above. In 1872 the sashes were abolished by all ranks but generals who continued to wear their buff silk sashes in full dress until 1917. Waist sashes (in combination with a sabre) in the old style are still worn by the officers and senior NCOs of the Commander-in-Chief's Guard of the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) as well by the West Point Band drum major along with the West Point cadet officers. [10] [11] The drum major of the Old Guard Fife and Drum Corps also still wears a waist sash, but no sidearms.

At the time of the American Civil War (1861–65) generals of the regular US Army wore silk sashes in buff. Officers were authorized silk sashes in crimson (medical officers: emerald) while red woolen sashes were entitled to senior non-commissioned officers (Army Regulations of 1861). In the Confederate Army sashes were worn by all sergeant ranks and officers. The colour indicated the corps or status of the wearer. For example: yellow for cavalry, burgundy for infantry, black for chaplains, red for sergeants, green or blue for medics, and grey or cream for general officers.

Japan

Japanese officers continued the practice in full dress uniform until 1940. [12]

Presidential sash

A presidential sash is a cloth sash worn by presidents of many nations in the world. Such sashes are worn by presidents in Africa, Asia, Europe and, most notably, in Latin America.

The sash is an important symbol of the continuity of the presidency, and is only worn by the president. Its value as a symbol of the office of the head of state can be compared to that of a crown in monarchies. Presidents leaving office formally present the sash to their successor as part of the official inauguration ceremony.

Presidential sashes are usually very colorful and very large and designed to resemble the nation's flag, especially those of Latin American presidents. They are usually worn over the right shoulder to the left side of the hip. The national coat of arms is also usually placed on the sash. A national order's star or chain of office can also be worn.

Current national leaders

Former national leaders

Modern civilian and cultural use

Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours, wearing the red sash of the Legion of Honour with his ceremonial military uniform, 1840s Prince Louis of Orleans, Duke of Nemours by Winterhalter.jpg
Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours, wearing the red sash of the Legion of Honour with his ceremonial military uniform, 1840s
Beauty pageant winner wearing two sashes Miss World 07 ZiLin Zhang.jpg
Beauty pageant winner wearing two sashes
The former president of the Republic of Suriname wearing a ceremonial collar in a V-shaped neck sash style President Bouterse.JPG
The former president of the Republic of Suriname wearing a ceremonial collar in a V-shaped neck sash style

With the genesis of complex systems of military and civilian awards during the 18th century in most European countries, sashes became a distinguishing part of honorific orders and are mostly worn along with decorations and medals. Today, various members of most European royal families wear sashes (also known as ribands) as part of their royal (and/or military) regalia on formal occasions. Some merit orders (such as the French Legion of Honour) also include sashes as part of the senior-most grades' insignia. Likewise, Italian military officers wear light blue sashes over the right shoulder on ceremonial occasions.

In Latin America and some countries of Africa, a special presidential sash indicates a president's authority. In France and Italy, sashes – featuring the national flag tricolours and worn on the right shoulder – are used by public authorities and local officials (such as legislators) during public ceremonial events.

In the United States, the sash has acquired a more ceremonial and less practical purpose. Sashes are used at higher education commencement ceremonies, by high school homecoming parade nominees, in beauty pageants, and by corporations to acknowledge high achievement.

In Canada, hand-woven sashes (known as ceintures fléchées or sometimes "L'Assomption sashes" after a Quebec town named L'Assomption in which they were mass-produced) were derived from Iroquois carrying belts sometime during the 18th century. As a powerful multi-use tool, this sash found use in the fur trade, which brought it into the North West by means of French voyageurs. During this period, the weave got tighter and size expanded, with some examples more than four metres in length. Coloured thread was widely used. The sash is a shared cultural emblem between French-Canadians and Métis peoples. Today, it is considered to be primarily a symbol of the 1837 Lower Canada Rebellion Patriotes and the Métis Nation. In modern times, Bonhomme Carnaval, the snowman mascot of the Quebec Winter Carnival, wears a ceinture fléchée as part of his attire in recognition of the province's heritage.

In the British Isles, especially Northern Ireland, the sash is a symbol of the Orange Order. Orange Order sashes were originally of the ceremonial shoulder-to-hip variety, as worn by the British military. Over the course of the 20th century, the sash was mostly replaced by V-shaped collarettes, which are still generally referred to as sashes. The item is celebrated in the song "The Sash my Father Wore".

Sashes are also worn by:

Sashes are part of the diplomatic uniform of many countries.

Many modern schools of Chinese martial arts use sashes of various colors to denote rank, as a reflection of the Japanese ranking system using belts. The Japanese equivalent of a sash, obi , serves to hold a kimono or yukata together.

Honorific orders

Sashes are indicative of holding the class of Grand Cross or Grand Cordon in a chivalric order or an order of merit. The sash is usually worn from the right shoulder to the left hip. A few orders do the contrary, according to their traditional statute.

William, Prince of Wales, wearing Garter Riband and Star in 2011 William in uniform.jpg
William, Prince of Wales, wearing Garter Riband and Star in 2011
Knight of the Garter in the 1720s with Garter sash 1720s Knight of the Garter sash.jpg
Knight of the Garter in the 1720s with Garter sash

Orders with the sash worn on the left shoulder

Europe:

Asia:

Flag of Brunei.svg Sultanate of Brunei
DecorationsPost-nominalGradeRibbonSources
The Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei
Darjah Kerabat Mahkota Brunei
DKMBRecipient BRU Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei.svg [17]
The Most Esteemed Family Order of Laila Utama
Darjah Kerabat Laila Utama Yang Amat Dihormati
DK IRecipient BRU Family Order of Brunei 1st Class.svg [17]
The Most Esteemed Family Order of Seri Utama
Darjah Kerabat Seri Utama Yang Amat Dihormati
DK IIRecipient BRU Family Order of Brunei 2nd Class.svg [17]
The Most Eminent Order of Islam Brunei
Darjah Seri Ugama Islam Negara Brunei Yang Amat Bersinar
PSSUBFirst Class BRU Islamic Religious Order of the State of Brunei.svg [17]
The Most Illustrious Order of Paduka Laila Jasa Keberanian Gemilang
Darjah Paduka Laila Jasa Keberanian Gemilang Yang Amat Cemerlang
DPKGFirst Class BRU Order of Splendid Valour.svg [18]
The Most Exalted Order of Paduka Keberanian Laila Terbilang
Darjah Paduka Keberanian Laila Terbilang Yang Amat Gemilang
DKLTFirst Class BRU Order of Famous Valour.svg [17]
The Most Gallant Order of Pahlawan Negara Brunei
Darjah Pahlawan Negara Brunei Yang Amat Perkasa
PSPNBFirst Class BRU Order of the Hero of the State of Brunei.svg [19]
The Most Blessed Order of Setia Negara Brunei
Darjah Setia Negara Brunei Yang Amat Bahagia
PSNBFirst Class BRU Order of Loyalty to the State of Brunei.svg [20]
The Most Distinguished Order of Paduka Seri Laila Jasa
Darjah Paduka Seri Laila Jasa Yang Amat Berjasa
PSLJFirst Class BRU Order of Merit of Brunei.svg [21]
The Most Honourable Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei
Darjah Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei Yang Amat Mulia
SPMBFirst Class BRU Order of the Crown of Brunei.svg [22]
The Most Faithful Order Order of Perwira Agong Negara Brunei
Darjah Perwira Agong Negara Brunei Yang Amat Setia
PANBRecipient BRU Order of Gallantry of Brunei 1st class.svg [23]
PaNBRecipient BRU Order of Gallantry of Brunei 2nd class.svg [23]
Flag of Malaysia.svg Federation of Malaysia
DecorationsPost-nominalGradeRibbonSources
The Most Exalted and Most Illustrious Royal Family Order of Malaysia
Darjah Kerabat Diraja Malaysia
DKMRecipient MY Darjah Kerabat Diraja Malaysia - Royal Family Order of Malaysia - DKM.svg [24]
The Most Exalted Order of the Crown of the Realm
Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara
DMNRecipient Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara.svg [24]
Flag of Kedah.svg Sultanate of Kedah
The Most Illustrious Royal Family Order of Kedah
Darjah Kerabat Yang Amat Mulia Kedah
DKMember MY-KED Royal Family Order of Kedah (DK).svg [ citation needed ]
Flag of Kelantan.svg Sultanate of Kelantan
The Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Kelantan (Al-Yunusi Star)
Darjah Kerabat Yang Amat di-Hormati (Bintang al-Yunusi)
DKRecipient MY-KEL Royal Family Order - Star of Yunus - DK.svg [ citation needed ]
Flag of Negeri Sembilan.svg Sultanate of Negeri Sembilan
The Most Illustrious Royal Family Order of Negeri Sembilan
Darjah Kerabat Negeri Sembilan Yang Amat di-Mulia
DKNSMember MY-NEG Royal Family Order of Negeri Sembilan - DKNS.svg [ citation needed ]
The Order of Negeri Sembilan - Darjah Negeri Sembilan
Darjah Tertinggi Negeri SembilanDTNSParamount MY-NEG Order of Negeri Sembilan - DTNS.svg [ citation needed ]
Darjah Mulia Negeri SembilanDMNSIllustrious MY-NEG Order of Negeri Sembilan - DMNS.svg
Flag of Pahang.svg Sultanate of Pahang
The Most Illustrious Royal Family Order of Pahang
Darjah Kerabat Yang Maha Mulia Utama Kerabat di-Raja Pahang
DKPMember (Ahli) MY-PAH Royal Family Order of Pahang - DKP.svg [ citation needed ]
The Most Esteemed Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang
Darjah Kerabat Sri Indra Mahkota Pahang Yang Amat di-Hormati
DK IMember 1st class MY-PAH Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang - DK I.svg
Flag of Perak.svg Sultanate of Perak
The Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Perak
Darjah Kerabat di-Raja Yang Amat di-Hormati
DKMember (Ahli) MY-PERA Royal Family Order of Perak - DK (before 2001).svg
(before 2001)
MY-PERA Royal Family Order of Perak - DK.svg
(after 2001)
[ citation needed ]
The Most Esteemed Perak Family Order of Sultan Azlan Shah
Darjah Kerabat Sultan Azlan Shah Perak Yang Amat di-Hormati
DKSASuperior class MY-PERA Perak Family Order of Sultan Azlan Shah - DKSA.svg [ citation needed ]
The Most Esteemed Azlanii Royal Family Order
Darjah Yang Teramat Mulia Darjah Kerabat Azlanii
DKA IMember First Class MY-PERA Azlanii Royal Family Order - Member First Class - DKA I.svg [ citation needed ]
Flag of Perlis.svg Sultanate of Perlis
The Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Perlis
Darjah Kerabat di-Raja Perlis Yang Amat Amat di-Hormati
DKPRecipient MY-PERL Royal Family Order of Perlis - DKP.svg [ citation needed ]
The M. Est. Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail
Darjah Kerabat Perlis Baginda Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail Yang Amat Amat di-Hormati
DKRecipient MY-PERL Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail - DK.svg [ citation needed ]
Flag of Selangor.svg Sultanate of Selangor
The Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Selangor - Darjah Kerabat Selangor Yang Amat di-Hormati
Darjah Kerabat Selangor PertamaDK IFirst Class MY-SEL Royal Family Order of Selangor - DK I.svg [ citation needed ]
Darjah Kerabat Selangor KeduaDK IISecond Class MY-SEL Royal Family Order of Selangor - DK II.svg [25]
Flag of Terengganu.svg Sultanate of Terengganu
The Most Exalted Supreme Royal Family Order of Terengganu (10/03/1981)
Darjah Utama Kerabat di-Raja Terengganu Yang Amat di-Hormati
DKTMember (Ahli) MY-TER Supreme Royal Family Order of Terengganu - DKT.svg [ citation needed ]
The Most Distinguished Family Order of Terengganu (19/06/1962)
Darjah Kebesaran Kerabat Terengganu Yang Amat Mulia
DK IMember 1st class
Ahli Yang Pertama
MY-TER Family Order of Terengganu 1st class - DK I.svg [ citation needed ]

Classified examples of current orders' sashes

Colours classified in
the order of the rainbow :
WhiteRedOrangeYellowGreenBlueIndigoVioletBlack
         
WHITE
DNK Order of Danebrog Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Denmark.svg )
Order of the Dannebrog
MCO Order of Grimaldi - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Monaco.svg )
Order of Grimaldi
LTU Order of Vytautas the Great - Knight's Cross BAR.png ( Flag of Lithuania.svg )
Order of Vytautas the Great
Order of Isabella the Catholic - Sash of Collar.svg / ESP Isabella Catholic Order CROSS.svg ( Flag of Spain.svg )
Order of Isabella the Catholic
PRT Order of Liberty - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Order of Liberty
RED
Order of the Golden Fleece Rib.gif ( Flag of Spain.svg )
Order of the Golden Fleece
PRT Order of Christ - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Order of Christ
Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg ( Flag of France.svg )
Order of the Legion of Honour
FIN Order of the Lion of Finland 5Class BAR.png ( Flag of Finland.svg )
Order of the Lion of Finland
LUX Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Luxembourg.svg )
Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - Bronze Medal BAR.png ( Flag of Austria.svg )
Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria
MCO Order of Saint-Charles - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Monaco.svg )
Order of Saint-Charles
ARG Order of May - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Argentina.svg )
Order of May
Order of the White Lion.svg ( Flag of the Czech Republic.svg )
Order of the White Lion
Order of the Crown of Tonga - ribbon bar.gif ( Flag of Tonga.svg )
Order of the Crown of Tonga
Tonga - Order of Pouono - ribbon bar.svg ( Flag of Tonga.svg )
Royal Order of Pouono
St. Olavs Orden stripe.svg ( Flag of Norway.svg )
Order of St. Olav
The Royal Order of King Sobhuza II. Sash.gif ( Flag of Eswatini.svg )
Royal Order of King Sobhuza II
Military Order of weSwatini.gif ( Flag of Eswatini.svg )
Military Order of Swaziland
KHM Ordre Royal du Cambodge - Chevalier BAR.png ( Flag of Cambodia.svg )
Royal Order of Cambodia
GER Bundesverdienstkreuz 2 BVK.svg ( Flag of Germany.svg )
Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Order of Logohu - Grand Companion (PNG) ribbon.png / Order of Logohu (Papua New Guinea) ribbon.png ( Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg )
Order of Logohu
Order of the White Elephant - Medal (Thailand) ribbon.svg ( Flag of Thailand.svg )
Order of the White Elephant
PHL Order of the Golden Heart Member BAR.png ( Flag of the Philippines.svg )
Order of the Golden Heart
Order of the Burning Spear.svg ( Flag of Kenya.svg )
Order of the Burning Spear
Order Chrysantemum Sash.svg ( Flag of Japan.svg )
Order of the Chrysanthemum
CHL Order of Bernardo O'Higgins - Knight BAR.png / Order of Merit (Liechtenstein) Ribbon.Bar.gif ( Flag of Liechtenstein.svg )
Order of Merit of the Principality of Liechtenstein
Order of the Star of Romania - Ribbon bar.svg ( Flag of Romania.svg )
Order of the Star of Romania
Order of St. Gregory the Great.png ( Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg )
Order of Saint Gregory the Great
Ordo Militia Aurata or Ordine dello Speron d'Oro o Milizia Aurata.png ( Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg )
Order of the Golden Spur
Order of Brilliant Jade (Taiwan) - ribbon bar.gif ( Flag of the Republic of China.svg )
Order of Brilliant Jade
SWE Order of Charles XIII BAR.png ( Flag of Sweden.svg )
Order of Charles XIII
Grand Order of Mugunghwa (South Korea) - ribbon bar.svg ( Flag of South Korea.svg )
Grand Order of Mugunghwa
OTHER SHADES OF RED : CRIMSON / PINK
Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg ( Flag of the United Kingdom.svg )
Order of the Bath
BEL Kroonorde Ridder BAR.svg ( Flag of Belgium (civil).svg )
Order of the Crown
EST Order of the White Star - 5th Class BAR.png ( Flag of Estonia.svg )
Order of the White Star
Order of the Most Holy Annunciation BAR.svg ( Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg )
Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation
Order of Chula Chom Klao - Special Class (Thailand) ribbon.svg ( Flag of Thailand.svg )
Order of Chula Chom Klao
PRT Order of Saint James of the Sword - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Military Order of Saint James of the Sword
ORANGE
The Order of the Phoenix of Tonga.gif ( Flag of Tonga.svg )
Order of the Phoenix
Ribbon bar Order of the House of Orange.jpg ( Flag of the Netherlands.svg )
Order of the House of Orange
Ribbon bar Order of the House of Orange.jpg ( Flag of the Netherlands.svg )
Order for Loyalty and Merit
BHT Order of the Dragon King Ribbon.svg ( Flag of Bhutan.svg )
Order of the Dragon King
BHT National Order of Merit of Bhutan Ribbon.svg ( Flag of Bhutan.svg )
National Order of Merit
JPN Hokan-sho blank BAR.svg ( Flag of Japan.svg )
Order of the Precious Crown
LTU Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas - Knight's Cross BAR.png ( Flag of Lithuania.svg )
Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
Order of Orange-Nassau ribbon.svg ( Flag of the Netherlands.svg )
Order of Orange-Nassau
Order of the Crown (Netherlands).svg ( Flag of the Netherlands.svg )
Order of the Crown
GRE Order of the Phoenix - Silver Cross BAR.png ( Flag of Greece.svg )
Order of the Phoenix
YELLOW / GOLD / YELLOW-ORANGE
MEX Order of the Aztec Eagle 5Class BAR.png ( Flag of Mexico.svg )
Order of the Aztec Eagle
Order of the Royal House of Chakri (Thailand) ribbon.svg ( Flag of Thailand.svg )
Order of the Royal House of Chakri
Royal Order of the Ndlovukazi.gif ( Flag of Eswatini.svg )
Royal Order of the Great She-Elephant
BHT Druk Ugyel Ribbon.svg ( Flag of Bhutan.svg )
Medal of Victory of the Thunder Dragon
KHM Royal Order of Monisaraphon - Knight.png ( Flag of Cambodia.svg )
Order of Moniseraphon
The Royal Household Order of Tonga.gif ( Flag of Tonga.svg )
Royal Household Order of Tonga
Order of the Rajamitrabhorn (Thailand) ribbon.svg ( Flag of Thailand.svg )
Order of the Rajamitrabhorn
MLI National Order - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Mali.svg )
National Order of Mali
Order of Merit (Cameroon).svg ( Flag of Cameroon.svg )
Order of Merit
Royal Family Order (Swaziland).gif ( Flag of Eswatini.svg )
Royal Household Order of Swaziland
Ord.Lion.Nassau.jpg ( Flag of Luxembourg.svg - Flag of the Netherlands.svg )
Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau
GRE Order of Beneficence - Silver Cross BAR.png ( Flag of Greece.svg )
Order of Beneficence
GBR Family Order Elizabeth II BAR.png ( Flag of the United Kingdom.svg )
Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II
Order of the Golden Heart of Kenya.svg ( Flag of Kenya.svg )
Order of the Golden Heart
POR Ordem da Instrucao Publica Medalha BAR.svg ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Order of Public Instruction
Order of the Sword - Ribbon bar.svg ( Flag of Sweden.svg )
Order of the Sword
GREEN
Order of the Thistle UK ribbon.svg ( Flag of the United Kingdom.svg )
Order of the Thistle
PRT Military Order of Aviz - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Order of Aviz
BOL Order of Condor of the Andes - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Bolivia.svg )
Order of the Condor of the Andes
Cavaliere SSML BAR.svg ( Flag of Italy.svg )
Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
SEN Order of the Lion - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Senegal.svg )
Order of the Lion
MCO Order of the Crown - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Monaco.svg )
Order of the Crown
Cavaliere OMRI BAR.svg ( Flag of Italy.svg )
Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
HUN Order of Merit of the Hungarian Rep (civil) 5class BAR.svg ( Flag of Hungary.svg )
Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary
Order of the Direkgunabhorn (Thailand) ribbon.svg ( Flag of Thailand.svg )
Order of the Direkgunabhorn
Order of the Star of Jordan ribbon bar.png ( Flag of Jordan.svg )
Order of the Star of Jordan
Nishan-e-Pakistan.png ( Flag of Pakistan.svg )
Nishan-e-Pakistan
SWE Order of Vasa - Knight 2nd Class BAR.png ( Flag of Sweden.svg )
Order of Vasa
BLUE
NOR Royal Norwegian Order of Merit - Knight 2nd Class BAR.png ( Flag of Norway.svg )
Royal Norwegian Order of Merit
Order of the White Rose Ribbon.PNG ( Flag of Finland.svg )
Order of the White Rose of Finland
EST Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana - 5th Class BAR.png ( Flag of Estonia.svg )
Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana
Ribbon bar Order of the Tower and Sword.jpg ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Order of the Tower and Sword
POL Order Zaslugi RP kl5 BAR.svg ( Flag of Poland.svg )
Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland
Fr Nat Order of Merit ribbon.jpg ( Flag of France.svg )
Ordre national du Mérite
CHL Order of Merit of Chile - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Chile.svg )
Order of the Merit of Chile
Order of the Garter UK ribbon.svg ( Flag of the United Kingdom.svg )
Order of the Garter
Ordre du Saint-Esprit Chevalier ribbon.svg ( Flag of France.svg )
Order of the Holy Spirit
POL Order Orla Bialego BAR.svg ( Flag of Poland.svg )
Order of the White Eagle
Seraphimerorden ribbon.svg ( Flag of Sweden.svg )
Royal Order of the Seraphim
The Most Illustrious Order of Queen Salote Tupou III Member.gif ( Flag of Tonga.svg )
Order of Queen Salote Tupou III
Order of the Elephant Ribbon bar.svg ( Flag of Denmark.svg )
Order of the Elephant
BRA - Order of the Southern Cross - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Brazil.svg )
Order of the Southern Cross
Most Dignified Order of Moshoeshoe (1987).gif ( Flag of Lesotho.svg )
Most Dignified Order of Moshoeshoe
BRA Medalha do Merito de Rio Branco BAR.svg ( Flag of Brazil.svg )
Order of Rio Branco
Order of the Redeemer Ribbon bar.svg ( Flag of Greece.svg )
Order of the Redeemer
ARG Order of the Liberator San Martin - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Argentina.svg )
Order of the Liberator General San Martín
ESP Order of Civil Merit - Collar.svg / ESP Order of Civil Merit Minor Grades.svg ( Flag of Spain.svg )
Order of Civil Merit
Order of Charles III - Sash of Collar.svg / ESP Charles III Order CROSS.svg ( Flag of Spain.svg )
Order of Charles III
Order of Faithful Service (Romania) - ribbon bar.gif ( Flag of Romania.svg )
Order of Faithful Service
BEL Order of the African Star - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Belgium (civil).svg - Flag of the Congo Free State.svg )
Order of the African Star
ISL Icelandic Order of the Falcon.png ( Flag of Iceland.svg )
Order of the Falcon
UK Royal Victorian Order ribbon.svg ( Flag of the United Kingdom.svg )
Royal Victorian Order
Order of the Crown of Thailand - Special Class (Thailand) ribbon.svg / Order of the Crown of Thailand - Medal (Thailand) ribbon.svg ( Flag of Thailand.svg )
Order of the Crown of Thailand
MY Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara (Defender of the Realm) - SMN.svg / MY Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara (Defender of the Realm)- PMN.svg ( Flag of Malaysia.svg )
Order of the Defender of the Realm
Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia - SSM.svg / Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia - PSM.svg ( Flag of Malaysia.svg )
Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia
UK Order St-Michael St-George ribbon.svg ( Flag of the United Kingdom.svg )
Order of St Michael and St George
UK Order St-Michael St-George ribbon.svg ( Flag of Slovakia.svg )
Order of the White Double Cross
VA Ordine Piano BAR.svg ( Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg )
Order of Pius IX
LUX Order of Adolphe of Nassau ribbon bar.svg ( Flag of Luxembourg.svg )
Order of Adolphe of Nassau
GRE Order of Honour Silver Cross BAR.png ( Flag of Greece.svg )
Order of Honour
Ord.Neth.Lion.jpg ( Flag of the Netherlands.svg )
Order of the Netherlands Lion
LVA Order of the Three Stars - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Latvia.svg )
Order of the Three Stars
Ukraine-republic007.png ( Flag of Ukraine.svg )
Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise
BEL Order of Leopold II - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Belgium (civil).svg )
Order of Leopold II
EGY Order of the Nile - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Egypt.svg )
Order of the Nile
Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction (ribbon).svg ( Flag of the United States.svg )
Presidential Medal of Freedom W/ Distinction
VIOLET - PURPLE
PRT Order of Saint James of the Sword - Knight BAR.svg ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Order of Saint James of the Sword
Order of Leopold (Belgium) Ribbon bar.svg ( Flag of Belgium (civil).svg )
Order of Leopold
PER Order of the Sun of Peru - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Peru.svg )
Order of the Sun
JOR Al-Hussein ibn Ali Order BAR.svg ( Flag of Jordan.svg )
Order of al-Hussein bin Ali
Order of Queen Maria Luisa (Spain) - ribbon bar.png ( Flag of Spain.svg )
Order of Queen Maria Luisa
Order of Independence Jordan.svg ( Flag of Jordan.svg )
Order of Independence
PAN Order of Vasco Nunez de Balboa - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Panama.svg )
Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa
BEL Royal Order of the Lion - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Belgium (civil).svg - Flag of the Congo Free State.svg )
Royal Order of the Lion
JPN Bunka-kunsho BAR.svg ( Flag of Japan.svg )
Order of Culture
Legion of Merit ribbon.svg ( Flag of the United States.svg )
Legion of Merit
Palmes academiques Chevalier ribbon.svg ( Flag of France.svg )
Order of Academic Palms
Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera) ribbon.png ( Flag of Singapore.svg )
Distinguished Service Order (Military)
BLACK
OESSG Cavaliere BAR.jpg ( Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg )
Order of the Holy Sepulchre
SMOM-gc.svg ( Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg )
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Rama 6th Class ribbon.svg ( Flag of Thailand.svg )
Order of Rama
POR Ordem do Merito Medalha BAR.svg ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Order of Merit
Order of Pope Sylvester BAR.svg ( Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg )
Order of Saint Sylvester
Order of the Polar Star - Ribbon bar, pre 1975.svg ( Flag of Sweden.svg )
Order of the Polar Star
TRICOLOR / MORE COMPLEX
Ribbon bar of the Order of the Star of Melanesia.svg ( Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg )
Order of the Star of Melanesia
PRT Order of Prince Henry - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Portugal.svg )
Order of Prince Henry
Star of the Solomon Islands.png ( Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg )
Star of the Solomon Islands
GAB National Order of Merit - Knight BAR.png ( Flag of Gabon.svg )
National Order of Merit
BHT Royal Order of Bhutan Ribbon.svg ( Flag of Bhutan.svg )
Royal Order of Bhutan
Jordan004.gif ( Flag of Jordan.svg )
Supreme Order of the Renaissance
Ribbon of an order of king Tomislav.png ( Flag of Croatia.svg )
Grand Order of King Tomislav
Ribbon of a Grand Order of Queen Jelena.png ( Flag of Croatia.svg )
Grand Order of Queen Jelena
Order of Freedom of Ukraine.png ( Flag of Ukraine.svg )
Order of Liberty
Most Meritorious Order of Mohlomi (1987).gif ( Flag of Lesotho.svg )
Most Courteous Order of Lesotho

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

  1. Carl Franklin: British Army Uniforms of the American Revolution 1751-1783, Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2012, ISBN   978-1-84884-690-6, p. 356, p. 371,
  2. "British Army Sergeant's Sash, 1727-1826". www.militaryheritage.com. Retrieved June 29, 2022.
  3. (Major) R. (Robert) Money Barnes, Military uniforms of Britain & the Empire: 1742 to the present time, London: Seeley Service & Co, 1960, p. 52.
  4. Rinaldo D'Ami, "World Uniforms in Colour - the European Nations", ISBN   0-85059-031-0
  5. José Bueno, Ejército Español, Uniformes Contemporáneos", ISBN   84-7140-186-X
  6. André Jouineau, "The French Army in 1914", pages 45-63, ISBN   978-2-352-50104-6
  7. John Gaylor, "Sons of John Company - the Indian and Pakistan Armies", ISBN   0-946771-98-7
  8. Keller, Jared (November 16, 2016). "The Strange Case of George Washington's Disappearing Sash". Smithsonian . Smithsonian Institution . Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  9. Rogers, James (August 29, 2017). "George Washington's 'rediscovered' Revolutionary War sash on display". Fox News . 21st Century Fox . Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  10. Fredrick Todd, "Cadet Gray: A pictorial history of life at West Point as seen through its uniforms", Sterling Publishing 1955, p. 40
  11. West Point Band
  12. Ritta Nakanishi, "Japanese Military Uniforms 1930-1945, 1991 Dai Nippon Kaiga
  13. Royal Cabinet Website Archived 2008-04-24 at the Wayback Machine
  14. Royal Cabinet Website
  15. Royal Cabinet Website, Order of the White Elephant Archived 2005-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
  16. Royal Cabinet Website, Order of the Crown of Thailand Archived 2007-07-17 at the Wayback Machine
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 "Darjah Kebesaran Sultan Brunei". Darjah Kebesaran Sultan Brunei. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
  18. "Sultanate - His Majesty's 57th Birthday Celebration Website | His Majesty The Sultan's Birthday | Royal Birthday". www.sultanate.com. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
  19. "The Most Gallant Order of Pahlawan Negara Brunei | Royal Insignia". 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
  20. "The Most Blessed Order of Setia Negara Brunei | Royal Insignia". 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
  21. "ODM of Brunei: Order of Merit of Brunei". www.medals.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
  22. "ODM of Brunei: Order of the Crown of Brunei". www.medals.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
  23. 1 2 "ODM of Brunei: Order of the Crown of Brunei". www.medals.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
  24. 1 2 General visual table of decorations
  25. Selangor Official Website, DK II

Bibliography