List of chief justices of India

Last updated

Sanjiv Khanna, the incumbent chief justice of India, since 11 November 2024 Justice Sanjiv Khanna-2.jpg
Sanjiv Khanna, the incumbent chief justice of India, since 11 November 2024

The chief justice of India is the highest-ranking officer of the Indian judiciary and the chief judge of the Supreme Court of India. As head of the Supreme Court, the chief justice is responsible for the allocation of cases and appointment of constitutional benches which deal with important matters of law. [1] In accordance with Article 145 of the Constitution of India and the Supreme Court Rules of Procedure of 1966, the chief justice allocates all work to the other judges. [2]

Contents

A new chief justice is appointed by the president of India with recommendations by the outgoing chief justice in consultation with other judges. [3] The chief justice serves in the role until they reach the age of sixty-five or are removed by the constitutional process of impeachment. [2] As per convention, the name suggested by the incumbent chief justice is almost always the next senior-most judge in the Supreme Court. This convention has been broken twice: in 1973, Justice A. N. Ray was appointed superseding three senior judges and in 1977, Justice Mirza Hameedullah Beg was appointed as the chief justice superseding Justice Hans Raj Khanna. [4]

A total of 51 chief justices have served in the office since the Supreme Court of India superseded the Federal Court of India in 1950. Yeshwant Vishnu Chandrachud, the 16th chief justice, is the longest-serving chief justice, serving over seven years (February 1978 – July 1985), while Kamal Narain Singh, the 22nd chief justice, is the shortest-serving, for 17 days in 1991. As of 2024, there has been no woman who has served as chief justice of India. [5] The current and 51st chief justice is Justice Sanjiv Khanna, who entered office on 11 November 2024. [6] [7] He will have a term of 6 months which is due to end on 13 May 2025. [8]

List of chief justices of the Federal Court of India

The Federal Court of India came into being on 1 October 1937. [9] The seat of the court was in Delhi [10] and it functioned until the establishment of the Supreme Court of India on 28 January 1950. The first chief justice was Sir Maurice Gwyer.

Key
‡ Acting Chief Justice
Chief Justices of the Federal Court of India
No.Name
(birth–death)		ImageStart of TermEnd of TermLength of termParent Bar / High Court Appointed by

(Governor-General of India)

Ref.
1 Sir Maurice Linford Gwyer
(1878–1952)		 Sir Maurice Gwyer 1940 (cropped).jpg 1 October 193725 April 19435 years, 206 days Inner Temple Victor Hope [11]
— Sir Srinivas Varadachariar ‡
(1881–1970)		—25 April 19437 June 194343 days Madras
2 Sir William Patrick Spens
(1885–1973)		—7 June 194313 August 19474 years, 68 days Inner Temple
3 Harilal Jekisundas Kania
(1890–1951)		 Justice H. J. Kania.jpg 14 August 194726 January 19502 years, 165 days Bombay Louis Mountbatten [12]

List of chief justices of India

Key
†Died in office
‡Resigned
No.Name
(birth–death)		ImageStart of TermEnd of TermLength of TermParent High Court Appointed by
(President of India)		Ref.
1 Harilal Jekisundas Kania
(1890–1951)		 Justice H. J. Kania.jpg 26 January 19506 November 1951†1 year, 284 days Bombay Rajendra Prasad [12]
2 Mandakolathur Patanjali Sastri
(1889–1963)		 Justice M. Patanjali Sastri.jpg 7 November 19513 January 19542 years, 57 days Madras [13]
3 Mehr Chand Mahajan
(1889–1967)		 Justice Mehr Chand Mahajan.jpg 4 January 195422 December 1954352 days Lahore [14]
4 Bijan Kumar Mukherjea
(1891–1956)		 Justice Bijan Kumar Mukherjea.jpg 23 December 195431 January 1956‡1 year, 39 days Calcutta [15]
5 Sudhi Ranjan Das
(1894–1977)		 Justice Sudhi Ranjan Das.jpg 1 February 195630 September 19593 years, 241 days Calcutta [16]
6 Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha
(1899–1986)		 Justice Bhuvneshwar Prasad Sinha.jpg 1 October 195931 January 19644 years, 122 days Patna [17]
7 Pralhad Balacharya Gajendragadkar
(1901–1981)		 Justice P.B. Gajendragadkar.jpg 1 February 196415 March 19662 years, 42 days Bombay Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan [18]
8 Amal Kumar Sarkar
(1901–2001)		 Justice A.K. Sarkar.jpg 16 March 196629 June 1966105 days Calcutta [19]
9 Koka Subba Rao
(1902–1976)		 Justice K. Subba Rao.jpg 30 June 196611 April 1967‡285 days Hyderabad [20]
10 Kailas Nath Wanchoo
(1903–1988)		 Justice K.N. Wanchoo.jpg 12 April 196724 February 1968318 days Allahabad [21]
11 Mohammad Hidayatullah
(1905–1992) [a] 		Justice M. Hidayatullah.jpg 25 February 196816 December 19702 years, 294 days Bombay Zakir Hussain [22]
12 Jayantilal Chhotalal Shah
(1906–1991)		 Justice J.C. Shah.jpg 17 December 197021 January 197135 days Bombay V. V. Giri [23]
13 Sarv Mittra Sikri
(1908–1992)		 Justice S.M. Sikri.jpg 22 January 197125 April 19732 years, 93 days Bar Council [24]
14 Ajit Nath Ray
(1912–2009)		 Justice A.N. Ray.jpg 26 April 197328 January 19773 years, 276 days Calcutta [25]
15 Mirza Hameedullah Beg
(1913–1988)		 Justice M. Hameedullah Beg.jpg 29 January 197721 February 19781 year, 24 days Allahabad Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed [26]
16 Yeshwant Vishnu Chandrachud
(1920–2008)		 Justice Y.V. Chandrachud.jpg 22 February 197811 July 19857 years, 139 days Bombay Neelam Sanjiva Reddy [27]
17 Prafullachandra Natwarlal Bhagwati
(1921–2017)		 Justice P.N. Bhagwati.jpg 12 July 198520 December 19861 year, 161 days Gujarat Zail Singh [28]
18 Raghunandan Swarup Pathak
(1924–2007)		 Justice R.S. Pathak.jpg 21 December 198618 June 1989‡2 years, 209 days Allahabad [29]
19 Engalaguppe Seetharamiah Venkataramiah
(1924–1997)		 Justice E.S. Venkataramiah.jpg 19 June 198917 December 1989181 days Karnataka Ramaswamy Venkataraman [30]
20 Sabyasachi Mukharji
(1927–1990)		 Justice Sabyasachi Mukherjee.jpg 18 December 198925 September 1990†281 days Calcutta [31]
21 Ranganath Misra
(1926–2012)		 Justice Ranganath Misra.jpg 26 September 199024 November 19911 year, 59 days Orissa [32]
22 Kamal Narain Singh
(1926–2022)		 Justice K.N. Singh.jpg 25 November 199112 December 199117 days Allahabad [33]
23 Madhukar Hiralal Kania
(1927–2016)		 Justice M.H. Kania.jpg 13 December 199117 November 1992340 days Bombay [34]
24 Lalit Mohan Sharma
(1928–2008)		 Justice L.M. Sharma.jpg 18 November 199211 February 199385 days Patna Shankar Dayal Sharma [35]
25 Manepalli Narayanarao Venkatachaliah
(born 1929)		 Justice M.N. Venkatachaliah.jpg 12 February 199324 October 19941 year, 254 days Karnataka [36]
26 Aziz Mushabber Ahmadi
(1932–2023)		 Justice A.M. Ahmadi.jpg 25 October 199424 March 19972 years, 150 days Gujarat [37]
27 Jagdish Sharan Verma
(1933–2013)		 Justice J.S. Verma.jpg 25 March 199717 January 1998298 days Madhya Pradesh [38]
28 Madan Mohan Punchhi
(1933–2015)		 Justice M.M. Punchhi.jpg 18 January 19989 October 1998264 days Punjab and Haryana K. R. Narayanan [39]
29 Adarsh Sein Anand
(1936–2017)		 Justice A.S. Anand.jpg 10 October 199831 October 20013 years, 21 days Jammu and Kashmir [40]
30 Sam Piroj Bharucha
(born 1937)		 Justice S.P. Bharucha.jpg 1 November 20015 May 2002185 days Bombay [41]
31 Bhupinder Nath Kirpal
(born 1937)		 Justice B.N. Kirpal.jpg 6 May 20027 November 2002185 days Delhi [42]
32 Gopal Ballav Pattanaik
(born 1937)		 Justice G.B. Pattanaik.jpg 8 November 200218 December 200240 days Orissa A. P. J. Abdul Kalam [43]
33 Vishweshwar Nath Khare
(born 1939)		 Justice V.N. Khare.jpg 19 December 20021 May 20041 year, 134 days Allahabad [44]
34 S. Rajendra Babu
(born 1939)		 Justice S. Rajendra Babu, Judge of the Supreme Court of India who will take over as Chief Justice of India on May 2, 2004 as the Chief Justice of India.jpg 2 May 200431 May 200429 days Karnataka [45]
35 Ramesh Chandra Lahoti
(1940–2022)		 Justice R.C. Lahoti.jpg 1 June 200431 October 20051 year, 152 days Madhya Pradesh [46]
36 Yogesh Kumar Sabharwal
(1942–2015)		 Justice Y.K. Sabharwal.jpg 1 November 200513 January 20071 year, 73 days Delhi [47]
37 Konakuppakatil Gopinathan Balakrishnan
(born 1945)		 Justice K.G. Balakrishnan.jpg 14 January 200711 May 20103 years, 117 days Kerala [48]
38 Sarosh Homi Kapadia
(1947–2016)		 Justice S.H. Kapadia.jpg 12 May 201028 September 20122 years, 139 days Bombay Pratibha Patil [49]
39 Altamas Kabir
(1948–2017)		 Justice Altamas Kabir.jpg 29 September 201218 July 2013292 days Calcutta Pranab Mukherjee [50]
40 Palanisamy Sathasivam
(born 1949)		 Justice P. Sathasivam.jpg 19 July 201326 April 2014281 days Madras [51]
41 Rajendra Mal Lodha
(born 1949)		 Justice R. M. Lodha.jpg 27 April 201427 September 2014153 days Rajasthan [52]
42 Handyala Lakshminarayanaswamy Dattu
(born 1950)		 Justice H. L. Dattu BNC.jpg 28 September 20142 December 20151 year, 65 days Karnataka [53]
43 Tirath Singh Thakur
(born 1952)		 Justice T. S. Thakur.jpg 3 December 20153 January 20171 year, 31 days Jammu and Kashmir [54]
44 Jagdish Singh Khehar
(born 1952)		 Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar (cropped).jpg 4 January 201727 August 2017235 days Punjab and Haryana [55]
45 Dipak Misra
(born 1953)		 The Chief Justice of India, Justice Shri Dipak Misra during the 24th Foundation Day Function of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), in New Delhi on October 12, 2017 (cropped).jpg 28 August 20172 October 20181 year, 35 days Orissa Ram Nath Kovind [56]
46 Ranjan Gogoi
(born 1954)		 Hon'ble Justice Ranjan Gogoi.jpg 3 October 201817 November 20191 year, 45 days Gauhati [57]
47 Sharad Arvind Bobde
(born 1956)		 Hon'ble Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde.jpg 18 November 2019 [58] 23 April 20211 year, 156 days Bombay [59]
48 Nuthalapati Venkata Ramana
(born 1957)		 Justice N.V. Ramana.jpg 24 April 202126 August 20221 year, 124 days Andhra Pradesh [60]
49 Uday Umesh Lalit
(born 1957)		 Justice Uday Umesh Lalit.jpg 27 August 20228 November 202273 days Bar Council Droupadi Murmu [61]
50 Dhananjaya Yeshwant Chandrachud
(born 1959)		 Dhananjaya Yeshwant Chandrachud.jpg 9 November 202210 November 20242 years, 1 day Bombay [62]
51 Sanjiv Khanna
(born 1960)		 Justice Sanjiv Khanna-2.jpg 11 November 2024Incumbent29 days Delhi [8]

See also

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References

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  4. ↑ "How is India's Chief Justice of India chosen?" . The Indian Express . 8 October 2022. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  5. ↑ Amit Anand Choudhary (6 January 2024). "SC judge: Need more women for gender-neutral judiciary". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024. Justice B V Nagarathna, who will be the 54th Chief Justice of India and the first woman CJI in 2027 ...
  6. ↑ Ayushi Saraogi; Joyston D'Souza (31 December 2021). "4 of the Next 7 CJIs Will Serve Shorter Than Average Tenures". Supreme Court Observer. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
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  8. 1 2 "Justice Sanjiv Khanna". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 11 November 2024. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
  9. ↑ George H. Gadbois Jr. (1963). "Evolution of the Federal Court of India: An Historical Footnote". Journal of the Indian Law Institute . 5 (1): 19–46. JSTOR   43950330. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2024. ... October 1, 1937, the inaugural date of the Federal Court of India...
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  11. ↑ George H. Gadbois Jr. (1964). "The Federal Court of India: 1937-1950". Journal of the Indian Law Institute . 6 (2/3): 253–315. JSTOR   43949806. Archived from the original on 17 November 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2024. Gwyer retired in 1943 and was replaced by Sir William Patrick Spens. ...Varadachariar served very briefly as acting Chief Justice in 1943 between the date of Gwyer's retirement and the arrival in India of Spens. ... Two days before independence Chief Justice Spens resigned, and the then seniormost puisne judge, Kania, became the first Indian to hold India's highest judicial office.
  12. 1 2 "Justice Harilal Jekisundas Kania". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
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  20. ↑ "Justice K Subba Rao". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
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  22. ↑ "Justice M Hidayatullah". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
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  25. ↑ "Justice A N Ray". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  26. ↑ "Justice M Hameedullah Beg". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  27. ↑ "Justice Y V Chandrachud". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  28. ↑ "Justice P N Bhagwati". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  29. ↑ "Justice R S Pathak". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  30. ↑ "Justice E S Venkataramiah". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  31. ↑ "Justice Sabyasachi Mukherjee". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  32. ↑ "Justice Ranganath Misra". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  33. ↑ "Justice K N Singh". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
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  35. ↑ "Justice L M Sharma". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  36. ↑ "Justice M N Venkatachaliah". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  37. ↑ "Justice A M Ahmadi". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  38. ↑ "Justice J S Verma". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  39. ↑ "Justice M M Punchhi". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  40. ↑ "Justice A S Anand". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  41. ↑ "Justice S P Bharucha". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  42. ↑ "Justice B N Kirpal". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  43. ↑ "Justice G B Patnaik". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  44. ↑ "Justice V N Khare". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  45. ↑ "Justice S Rajendra Babu". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  46. ↑ "Justice R C Lahoti". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  47. ↑ "Justice Y K Sabharwal". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  48. ↑ "Justice K G Balakrishnan". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  49. ↑ "Justice S H Kapadia". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  50. ↑ "Justice Altamas Kabir". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  51. ↑ "Justice P Sathasivam". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  52. ↑ "Justice R M Lodha". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  53. ↑ "Justice H L Dattu". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  54. ↑ "Justice T S Thakur". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  55. ↑ "Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  56. ↑ "Justice Dipak Mishra". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  57. ↑ "Justice Ranjan Gogoi". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  58. ↑ "Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde takes oath as 47th CJI". The Times of India . 18 November 2019. Archived from the original on 18 November 2019. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
  59. ↑ "Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  60. ↑ "Justice N V Ramana". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  61. ↑ "Justice Uday Umesh Lalit". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  62. ↑ "Justice D Y Chandrachud". Supreme Court of India. Archived from the original on 29 January 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
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