List of converts to Christianity from Islam

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Contents

• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• K
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W
• X
• Y
• Z

Converts to Christianity from Islam

Total population

Between 8.4 million (2014 study) [1] - 10.2 million (2015 study) [2] According to the study 6 million of those converts came from Indonesia; however, the 6 million figure also includes descendants of those converts. Significant numbers of Muslims convert to Christianity in: Afghanistan, [3] Albania, [4] [5] Algeria, [6] [7] Australia, [2] Austria, [8] Azerbaijan, [9] [10] Bangladesh, [11] [12] Bulgaria, [2] Burkina Faso, [5] Belgium, [13] Bosnia and Herzegovina, [2] Bulgaria, [14] Canada, [2] Ethiopia, [2] France, [2] Ghana, [2] Georgia (Abkhazia), [15] Germany, [16] India (Kashmir), [17] Iran, [18] [19] [20] Iraq, [21] Kenya, [2] Kosovo, [22] [23] Kyrgyzstan, [24] Malaysia, [25] Morocco, [26] [27] the Netherlands, [28] Nigeria, [2] Russia, [2] Saudi Arabia, [2] Singapore, [29] Syria, [30] [31] Sweden, [2] Tanzania, [2] Tajikistan, [32] Tunisia, [33] [34] Turkey, [35] [36] United Kingdom, [37] the United States, [38] Uzbekistan, [39] and other countries. [2]

History

Section contains alphabetical listing of converts from earlier times until the end of the 19th century

A

Saint Abo of Tiflis, Patron Saint of Tbilisi, Georgia

• Abo of Tiflis – Christian activist and the patron saint of the city of Tbilisi, Georgia ^[40]
• Abraham of Bulgaria – martyr and saint of the Russian Orthodox Church ^[41]
• St. Adolphus – martyr who was put to death along with his brother, John, by Abd ar-Rahman II, the Caliph of Córdoba, for apostasy ^[42]
• Jabalah ibn al-Aiham – last ruler of the Ghassanid state in Syria and Jordan in the 7th century AD; after the Islamic conquest of Levant he converted to Islam in AD 638; later reverted to Christianity and lived in Anatolia until he died in AD 645 ^[43]
• Leo Africanus – Moorish diplomat who was converted to Christianity following his capture. ^{[44] [45]}
• Safdar Ali – former Maulvi (cleric) from India ^[46]
• Saint Hodja Amiris – former Ottoman soldier stationed in Jerusalem who converted to Christianity in the 17th century and was subsequently tortured and killed for the crime of apostasy in Islam ^[47]
• Avraamy Aslanbegov – Russian-Azeri vice-admiral and military writer of the Russian Empire, converted to Eastern Orthodox Christianity ^[48]
• Aurelius and Natalia – martyrs who were put to death during the reign of Abd ar-Rahman II, Caliph of Córdoba for apostasy ^[49]
• Adeola Ismail Adejumo – A civil servant with Ekiti State Government got converted to Christian in year 2007 and joined the Redeemed Christian Church of God,Bethel Parish, Ropheka, Ado-EKiti, EKiti State Nigeria.
• Anemas - Son of the last Emir of Crete Abd al-Aziz ibn Shu'ayb. He converted to Christianity and joined the Byzantine army as a member of the imperial bodyguard.

B

• Simeon Bekbulatovich – Khan of Qasim Khanate ^[50]
• Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky – Russian officer of Circassian origin who led the first Russian military expedition into Central Asia ^[51]
• Sayed Borhan Khan – Khan of Qasim Khanate from 1627 to 1679; ^[50] was forced to convert to Christianity by Russian forces following the Siege of Kazan ^{[50] [52]}
• Bulus ibn Raja' – converted to the Coptic Orthodox Church and wrote the Kitab al-wadih bi-l-haqq (c. 1010), a critique of Islam ^[53]

C

Constantine the African was a physician who converted to Catholicism from Sunni Islam.

• Chehab family – refer to Shihab dynasty under "S" in same section
• Constantine the African – Baghdad-educated Muslim who died in 1087 as a Christian monk at Monte Cassino ^{[54] [55]}
• Constantine Hagarit ^[56] – born in Smyrna to a Muslim family under the Ottoman Empire during the 19th century; converted to Orthodox Christianity and was subsequently imprisoned, tortured and executed by hanging for apostasy on 2 June 1819
• Converso – substantial numbers of Iberian Muslims who converted to Catholicism in Spain or Portugal, particularly during the 14th and 15th centuries. These New Christians of Moorish Berber origin were known as Moriscos. Over 1 million of these Moriscos were converted from Islam to Christianity, many of them by force, ^{[57] [58]} but many also became sincere and devout believers. ^[59]

E

• Eleni of Ethiopia – Empress of Ethiopia, forcibly married and converted to Christianity by Kewstantinos I after his invasion of Hadiya.
• Estevanico – Berber originally from Morocco and one of the early explorers of the Southwestern United States ^[60]

G

• George XI of Kartli – Georgian monarch who ruled Eastern Georgia from 1676 to 1688 and again from 1703 to 1709; an Eastern Orthodox Christian, he converted to Islam prior to his appointment as governor of Qandahar; later converted to Roman Catholicism ^[61]
• George of Hungary (c. 1422–1502) ^[62] – Ottoman slave that escaped and reverted back from Islam to Christianity.

H

• Umar ibn Hafsun – leader of anti-Ummayad dynasty forces in southern Iberia; converted to Christianity with his sons and ruled over several mountain valleys for nearly forty years, having the castle Bobastro as his residence ^[63]

J

• Don Juan of Persia (1560–1604) – late 16th- and early 17th-century figure in Iran and Spain; also known as Faisal Nazary; was a native of Iran, who later moved westward; settled in Spain where he became a Roman Catholic ^[64]
• Jesse of Kakheti – Georgian prince of the Bagrationi dynasty, son of King Leon of Kakheti converted to Islam in the Service of the Safavid dynasty, but returned to Orthodox Christianity after his return to Georgia ^[65]
• Jesse of Kartli – Georgian prince of the Bagrationi dynasty (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity) ^[66]

K

• Alexander Kazembek – Russian Orientalist, historian and philologist of Azeri origin ^[67]

L

Imad ud-din Lahiz was an Islamic writer, preacher and Quranic translator, who converted to Christianity from Islam.

• Imad ud-din Lahiz – prolific Islamic writer, preacher and Qur'anic translator ^[68]

Sake Dean Mahomed was a traveller, surgeon and entrepreneur who converted to Christianity from Sunni Islam.

M

• Sake Dean Mahomed (born Sheikh Din Muhammad) – Indian traveller, surgeon and entrepreneur who introduced the Indian take-away curry house restaurant in Britain; first Indian to have written a book in the English language; ^{[70] [71]} converted to marry Jane Daly, an Irish Protestant, as it was illegal for a non-Protestant to marry a Protestant. Later became a devout follower. ^[69]
• Enrique de Malaca – Malay slave of Ferdinand Magellan, converted to Roman Catholicism after being purchased in 1511 ^{[72] [73]}
• Abdul Masih – Indian indigenous missionary; ordained Anglican and Lutheran minister; ^{[74] [75]} often referred to as the most influential indigenous Christian to shape nineteenth-century Christian missions in India; religious author
• Ahmed ibn Merwan – Seljek Turk lieutenant during the First Crusade. He converted to Christianity sometime after surrendering Antioch to the Crusaders.
• Mizse – last Palatine of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary in 1290; born into a Muslim family in Tolna County in the Kingdom of Hungary; converted to Roman Catholicism ^[76]
• St. George El Mozahem – Coptic saint ^{[77] [78] [79]}
• Şehzade Murad - Son of Cem Sultan; converted to Christianity and changed his name to Pierre

N

• Aurelius and Natalia (died 852) – Christian martyrs who were put to death during the reign of Abd ar-Rahman II, Emir of Córdoba, and are counted among the Martyrs of Córdoba; Aurelius was the son of a Muslim father and a Christian mother. He was also secretly a follower of Christianity, as was his wife Natalia, who was also the child of a Muslim father. ^[80]
• Ibrahim Njoya – Bamum king; back and forth conversions from Islam to Christianity ^[81]
• Nunilo and Alodia – 9th-century sisters recognized as Catholic saints and martyrs in Moorish Spain, executed for apostasy for converting to Christianity

Q

• Qays al-Ghassani – a Christian Arab of the 10 century, from Najran, southern Arabia. He converted to Islam in his youth. He later reverted to Christianity and became a monk. He was tried at Ramla for apostacy but refused to return to Islam and was beheaded. ^[82]

R

• Ștefan Răzvan – Gypsy prince who ruled Moldavia for six months in 1595 ^[83]
• Emily Ruete – Zanzibari princess born as Salama bint Said ^[84]

S

Portrait of Bashir Shihab II, emir (prince) who ruled Ottoman Lebanon in the first half of the 19th century

• Omar ibn Said – writer and scholar of Islam, enslaved and deported from present-day Senegal to the United States in 1807, formally converted to Christianity in 1820, though appears to have remained at least partially Muslim.
• Begum Samru – powerful lady of north India, ruling a large area from Sardhana, Uttar Pradesh ^[85]
• The Sibirsky family – foremost of many Genghisid (Shaybanid) noble families formerly living in Russia ^{[86] [87]}
• Shihab family or alternatively Chehab family – prominent Lebanese noble family; having converted from Sunni Islam, the religion of his predecessors, to Christianity at the end of the 18th century. Descendants were Maronite rulers of the Emirate of Mount Lebanon ^{[88] [89] [90] [91]}
  • Bashir Shihab II – Lebanese emir (prince) who ruled Ottoman Lebanon in the first half of the 19th century; his family was Sunni Muslim; some of them converted to Maronite Catholic Christianity at the end of the 18th century ^{[92] [93] [94] [95]}
• Skanderbeg – Albanian military leader; was forcibly converted to Islam from Christianity, but reverted to Christianity later in life ^[96]
• Maria Aurora von Spiegel (born Fatima) – Turkish mistress of Augustus II the Strong and the wife of a Polish noble ^[97]

T

• Tabaraji of Ternate – Indonesian sultan; converted to Roman Catholicism after 1534 and baptised with the name Dom Manuel ^{[98] [99]}
• Casilda of Toledo – daughter of a Muslim king of Toledo (called Almacrin or Almamun); became ill as a young woman and traveled to northern Iberia to partake of the healing waters of the shrine of San Vicente; when she was cured, she was baptized at Burgos; venerated as a saint of the Catholic Church ^[100]

U

• Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh (Arabic: عبيد الله بن جحش) – brother of Zaynab bint Jahsh, brother in law and first cousin of Muhammad and one of the male Sahaba (companions of the Prophet); ^[101] he has been cited as one of the four monotheistic hanifs by Ibn Ishaq who converted to Christianity after his migration to Abyssinia ^[102]
• Utameshgaray of Kazan – Khan of Kazan Khanate; ^[50] was forced to convert to Christianity following the Siege of Kazan ^[50]

X

• Muley Xeque (Arabic: مولاي الشيخ Mawlay al-Shaykh) – Moroccan prince, born in Marrakech in 1566; exiled in Spain, he converted to Roman Catholicism in Madrid and was known as Philip of Africa or Philip of Austria ^[103]

Y

• Yadegar Moxammat of Kazan – last khan of Kazan Khanate ^[50]

Z

• Zaida of Seville – born an Iberian Muslim; when Seville fell to the Almoravids, she fled to the protection of Alfonso VI of Castile, becoming his mistress, converting to Christianity and taking the baptismal name of Isabel ^[104]
• Zayd Abu Zayd – the last Almohad governor of Valencia, Spain; remained a loyal ally of James I; in 1236 he converted to Roman Catholicism, adopting the name of Vicente Bellvis, a fact which he kept secret until the fall of Valencia ^[105]
• Abu'l-Maghra ibn Musa ibn Zurara - last Zurarid emir of Arzen

20th and 21st century

Contents

• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• K
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W
• X
• Y
• Z

A

• Aslan Abashidze – this former leader of the Ajarian Autonomous Republic in western Georgia was born into a renowned Muslim Ajarian family, ^[106] but later he converted to Christianity. ^[107]
• Basuki Abdullah – Indonesian painter; converted to Roman Catholicism ^[108]
• Saeed Abedini – Iranian-American pastor imprisoned in Iran, Abedini is an American and a former Muslim who converted to Christianity in 2000 ^{[109] [110] [111]}
• Taysir Abu Saada – this former member of the PLO founded the ministry Hope For Ishmael after he converted to Christianity;Yasir Arafat's personal driver ^{[112] [113]}
• Rotimi Adebari – first Black mayor in Ireland ^[114]
• Inaara Aga Khan – second wife of Aga Khan IV who returned to her Christian faith adopting her birth name "Gabriele" after the completion of their divorce. ^[115]
• Mehmet Ali Ağca – Turkish assassin who murdered left-wing journalist Abdi İpekçi on 1 February 1979; later shot and wounded Pope John Paul II on 13 May 1981; while in prison in 2007 he claimed to convert to Christianity ^[116]
• Magdi Allam (baptized as Magdi Cristiano Allam) – Italy's most famous Islamic affairs journalist ^[117]
• Zachariah Anani – former Sunni Muslim Lebanese militia fighter ^[118]
• Juan Andrés – name chosen by a Spanish Muslim scholar who converted to Catholicism and wrote a well known polemical work against Islam, the Confusión o confutación de la secta mahomética y del Alcorán ^[119]
• Matthew Ashimolowo – Nigerian-born British pastor and evangelist ^[120]
• Asmirandah – Indonesian actress of Dutch descent; converted to Protestantism in December 2013; owes her conversion to an experience of having dreamed three times of Jesus Christ ^{[121] [122] [123] [124]}
• Johannes Avetaranian – born Muhammad Shukri Efendi, Christian missionary of Turkish heritage ^[125]

B

Josephine Bakhita, Roman Catholic saint from Darfur, Sudan

• Parveen Babi – former Indian actress and an erstwhile fashion model; born in Junagadh, Gujarat to a Muslim family, ^[126] and later converted to Christianity during the last years of her life, and was baptised in a Protestant Anglican church at Malabar Hill ^[127]
• Tunde Bakare – Pentecostal pastor and Nigerian politician.
• Josephine Bakhita – Roman Catholic saint from Darfur, Sudan. She was forcibly converted to Islam ^{[128] [129]} On 9 January 1890 Bakhita was baptised with the names of Josephine Margaret and Fortunata.
• Sarah Balabagan – Filipina prisoner in the United Arab Emirates, 1994-96 ^[130]
• Fathima Rifqa Bary – American teenager of Sri Lankan descent who drew international attention in 2009 when she ran away from home and claimed that her Muslim parents might kill her for having converted to Christianity ^[131]
• Sheikh Ahmed Barzani – head of Barzani Tribe in Iraqi Kurdistan and older brother of Mustafa Barzani, Kurdish nationalist leader; announced his conversion to Christianity in 1931 during the anti-government uprising ^[132]
• Mohammed Christophe Bilek – Algerian former Muslim who lives in France since 1961; baptized Roman Catholic in 1970; in the 1990s, he founded Our Lady of Kabyle, a French website devoted to evangelisation among Muslims ^[133]
• Francis Bok – Sudanese-American activist, convert to Islam from Christianity; but later returned to his Christian faith ^[134]
• Jean-Bédel Bokassa – Central African Republic Emperor (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity) ^{[135] [136]}
• Thomas Boni Yayi – Beninese banker and politician who has been President of Benin since 2006; ^[137] originally from a Muslim family; is now an Evangelical Protestant ^[138]
• Broery – Indonesian singer (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity) ^{[139] [140]}

C

Michał Czajkowski, a Polish-Cossack writer and political emigre who worked both for the resurrection of Poland

• Moussa Dadis Camara – ex-officer of the Guinean army who served as the president of the Republic of Guinea; Roman Catholic Christian convert from Islam ^{[141] [142] [143]}
• Rianti Cartwright – Indonesian actress, model, presenter and VJ; two weeks before departure to the United States to get married, she left Islam to become a baptized Catholic with the name Sophia Rianti Rhiannon Cartwright ^{[144] [145]}
• Chamillionaire (born Hakeem Seriki) – American rapper, born a Muslim but later converted to Christianity ^{[146] [147]}
• Djibril Cissé – French international footballer ^{[148] [149]}
• Hansen Clarke – U.S. Representative for Michigan's 13th congressional district ^[150]
• Eldridge Cleaver – initially associated with the Nation of Islam, then Evangelical Christianity, then Mormonism ^{[151] [152]}
• Michał Czajkowski – Polish-Cossack writer and political emigre who worked both for the resurrection of Poland and the reestablishment of a Cossack Ukraine ^[153]

D

• Justinus Darmojuwono – first Indonesian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church; served as Archbishop of Semarang from 1963 to 1981, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1967; converted to Catholicism in 1932 ^[154]
• Nonie Darwish – Egyptian-American writer, human rights activist, critic of Islam, founder of Arabs for Israel, director of Former Muslims United
• Hassan Dehqani-Tafti – first ethnic Persian to become a Christian bishop of Iran since the 7th century and the Islamic conquest of Persia ^[155]
• Mehdi Dibaj – Iranian Christian convert from Shia Islam, pastor and Christian martyr ^{[156] [157]}
• Manohara Odelia Pinot – Indonesian model and actress of mixed caucasian and Indonesian Bugis ancestry & former wife of Malaysian Kelantanese prince, Tengku Muhammad Fakhry Petra. ^[158]
• Momolu Dukuly – Liberian politician; became the second foreign minister under William V.S. Tubman ^{[159] [160]}
• Daniel Bambang Dwi Byantoro – leader (and Archimandrite) of the Indonesian Orthodox Church ^{[161] [162]}
• Ibn al-Dahhak

E

Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiary, Queen consort of Iran

• Bahaa el-Din Ahmed Hussein el-Akkad – Egyptian former Muslim sheikh whose theological discourse with a Christian led him to conduct an intensive study of Christian Scripture, after which he converted to Christianity in January 2005 ^[163]
• Mohammed Elewonibi – Nigerian-Canadian football player ^[164]
• Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari – second wife and Queen Consort of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the late Shah of Iran who converted to Roman Catholicism ^[165]

F

• Joseph Fadelle (born Mohammed al-Sayyid al-Moussawi) – Roman Catholic convert from Islam and writer born in 1964 in Iraq to a Shiite family ^{[166] [167] [168]}
• Rima Fakih – Lebanese-American actress, model, professional wrestler and beauty pageant titleholder; Miss USA 2010; converted to Maronite Christianity ^[169]
• Donald Fareed – Iranian televangelist and minister ^[170]
• Hazem Farraj – Palestinian-American writer, minister, and televangelist ^[171]

G

• Mark A. Gabriel – Egyptian Islamic scholar and writer ^[172]
• Daveed Gartenstein-Ross – counter-terrorism expert and attorney (from Judaism to Islam to Christianity) ^{[173] [174]}
• Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila – American football defensive end who was drafted by the Green Bay Packers and is currently a free agent
• Kiki Fatmala - Arab Indonesian actress. ^[175]
• Ruffa Gutierrez – Filipina actress, model and former beauty queen (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity) ^[176]

I

• Tunch Ilkin – former Turkish American football player ^[177]
• Qadry Ismail – former American football player ^[178]
• Raghib Ismail – former American football player ^[179]

J

• Sabatina James (born 1982) – born in Dhedar, Pakistan; Austrian-Pakistani book author; started a new life in Vienna, changing her name and converting to Catholicism; baptized in 2006 ^[180]
• Esther John – born to a Pakistani Muslim family; converted to Christianity; became a nurse to rural communities in Northern India and was later murdered ^[181]
• Mario Joseph – born into a Muslim family, he became a notable Imam before the age of 18, but subsequently converted to Catholicism whereupon he was tortured and forced to flee to Europe ^[182]
• Lina Joy – Malay convert from Islam to Christianity; born Azlina Jailani in 1964 in Malaysia to Muslim parents of Javanese descent; converted at age 26; in 1998, she was baptized, and applied to have her conversion legally recognized by the Malaysian courts ^[183]

K

• Emir Kusturica – Serbian and Yugoslavian filmmaker and actor ^{[184] [185]}

L

• Dr. Nur Luke – Uyghur Bible translator ^[186]
• Fernão Lopes (soldier) – 16th-century Portuguese soldier in India who converted to Roman Catholicism ^[187]
• Yusuf Lule – President of Uganda between 13 April and 20 June 1979 ^[188]

M

• Pinkan Mambo (born Pinkan Ratnasari Mambo) – Indonesian singer; converted in 2010; decision taken after admitting she studied various religions of the world and eventually dropped in awe of Jesus Christ ^{[189] [190] [191]}
• Fadhma Aït Mansour – mother of French writers Jean Amrouche and Taos Amrouche ^[192]
• Roy Marten (born Wicasksono Abdul Salam) – Indonesian actor whose family was converted to Roman Catholicism during his childhood but who converted later to Indonesian Orthodoxy in 1997 ^{[193] [194] [195]}
• Josef Mässrur (born Ghäsim Khan) – missionary to Chinese Turkestan with the Mission Union of Sweden ^[196]
• Carlos Menem – former President of Argentina; raised a Nusayri but converted to Roman Catholicism, a constitutional requirement for accessing the presidency until 1994 ^[197]
• Archbishop Thomas Luke Msusa – born into a Muslim family; converted to Christianity as a child and later became an archbishop in his home country of Malawi, as well as converting and baptizing his father, a former imam ^[198]
• Muhsin Muhammad – current American football player for the Carolina Panthers, raised in a Muslim household, later converted to Christianity ^[199]
• Paul Mulla – Turkish scholar and professor of Islamic Studies at the Pontifical Oriental Institute ^[200]

N

• Youcef Nadarkhani – Iranian Christian pastor who has been sentenced to death for apostasy ^[201]
• Diana Nasution – Indonesian singer, converted to Protestantism after marriage ^{[202] [203]}
• Marina Nemat – Canadian author of Iranian descent and former political prisoner of the Iranian government; born into a Christian family, she converted to Islam in order to avoid execution but later reverted to Christianity ^[204]

O

• Malika Oufkir – Moroccan writer and daughter of General Mohamed Oufkir; she and her siblings are converts from Islam to Catholicism and she writes in her book, Stolen Lives, "we had rejected Islam, which had brought us nothing good, and opted for Catholicism instead". ^[205]

P

• Shams Pahlavi – Iranian princess and the elder sister of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran ^[206]
• Sharena Gunawan – Indonesian actress and model. Converted to Christianity after remarried with Indonesian actor Ryan Delon Situmeang. ^[207]
• Hamid Pourmand – former Iranian army colonel and lay leader of the Jama'at-e Rabbani, the Iranian branch of the Assemblies of God church in Iran ^[208]

Q

• Nabeel Qureshi – former Ahmadiyya Muslim; converted to Evangelical Christianity in 2005; became an internationally recognized apologist with Ravi Zacharias International Ministries ^{[209] [210]}

R

• Daud Rahbar – Pakistani scholar of Comparative religions, composer, short story writer, translator, philosopher, contributor to inter-civilization dialogue, musicologist, drummer, singer and guitarist ^{[211] [212]}
• Abdul Rahman – Afghan convert to Christianity who escaped the death penalty because of foreign pressure ^[213]
• Brother Rachid – Moroccan Christian convert from Islam; hosts a weekly live call-in show on AL-Hayat channel
• Majeed Rashid Mohammed – Kurdish Christian convert from Islam; established a network with former Kurdish Muslims with about 2,000 members today ^[214]
• Dewi Rezer – Indonesian model of French descent; converted to Roman Catholicism ^{[215] [216]}
• Emily Ruete (born Sayyida Salme) – Princess of Zanzibar and Oman ^{[217] [218]}

S

Albertus Soegijapranata, a national hero of Indonesia, was the first native Indonesian Roman Catholic bishop in Indonesia.

Queen Nazli Sabri of Egypt, who converted to Christian-Catholicism from Sunni Islam

• Nazli Sabri – Queen consort of Egypt; ^[219] converted to Catholicism in 1950 and took the name "Mary Elizabeth"
• Kyai Sadrach – Indonesian missionary ^{[220] [221]}
• Mohammed Sanogo is a senior pastor, author and missionary from Ivory Coast. ^[222]
• Lukman Sardi – Indonesian actor . ^{[223] [224] [225]}
• Rev. Manigun Sayed – Muslim convert in Manipur (born in 1965 and converted to Christianity in 1985), from Manipur, India
• Mohamed Alí Seineldín – former Argentine army colonel who participated in two failed coup attempts against the democratically elected governments of both President Raúl Alfonsín and President Carlos Menem in 1988 and 1990 ^[226]
• Bilquis Sheikh – Pakistani author and Christian missionary ^[227]
• Walid Shoebat – American author and former member of the PLO ^[228]
• Nasir Siddiki – Canadian evangelist, author, and business consultant ^[229]
• Amir Sjarifuddin – Indonesian socialist leader who later became the prime minister of Indonesia during its National Revolution ^[230]
• James Scurry – British soldier and statesman ^[231]
• Rudolf Carl von Slatin – Anglo-Austrian soldier and administrator in the Sudan, ^[232] Believing his troops attributed their failure in battle to the fact that he was a Christian, Slatin publicly adopted Islam in 1883 and took the Islamic name, Abd al Qadir , He received absolution from the Pope for his conversion to Islam, which he had reversed
• Albertus Soegijapranata – born in Surakarta, Dutch East Indies, to a Muslim courtier and his wife who later converted to Catholicism; the first native Indonesian bishop; known for his pro-nationalistic stance, often expressed as "100% Catholic, 100% Indonesian" ^[233]
• Patrick Sookhdeo – British Anglican canon ^[234]

T

Conrad Tillard

• Hakan Taştan and Turan Topal – two Turkish Christian converts who went on trial in 2006, on charges of "allegedly insulting 'Turkishness' and inciting religious hatred against Islam" ^[235]
• Hary Tanoesoedibjo – Indonesian politician and businessman ^{[236] [237]}
• Maria Temryukovna – Circassian princess, and second wife to Ivan IV of Russia; born in a Muslim upbringing; baptised into the Russian Orthodox Church on 21 August 1561 ^[238]
• Conrad Tillard (born 1964) - Baptist minister, radio host, author, civil rights activist, and politician; converted first to Islam, and then back to Christianity
• Aman Tuleyev – Russian governor of Kemerovo Oblast ^[239]

U

• Udo Ulfkotte – German journalist who was born a Christian, became an atheist, then converted to Islam and finally converted back to Christianity ^[240]
• Lyasan Utiasheva – Russian gymnast, convert to Eastern Orthodox Christianity ^{[241] [242] [243]}

V

• Erion Veliaj - Albanian politician, current Mayor of Tirana. Converted to Evangelicalism after contact with missionaries from the United States. ^{[244] [245] [246]}
• Julia Volkova – Russian singer and actress best known as a member of the Russian pop duo, t.A.T.u. ^{[247] [248] [249]}

W

• George Weah – Liberian soccer player (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity) ^[250]
• Munira Wilson - British member of parliament for Twickenham. Raised as a Muslim but converted to Christianity ^[251]
• Sigi Wimala – Indonesian model and actress, converted to Catholicism after marriage ^{[252] [253] [254]}
• Ibrahim Tunggul Wulung – Indonesian evangelist and missionary ^{[255] [256]}
• Wu'erkaixi – Uyghur dissident known for his leading role during the Tiananmen protests of 1989 ^[257]

Y

• Mosab Hassan Yousef – son of a Hamas leader ^[258]
• Nania Kurniawati Yusuf – Indonesian singer, finalist of the first season of Indonesian Idol , 2004 ^{[259] [260]}

Z

• Saye Zerbo – President of the Republic of Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) ^[261]

References

1. Johnstone, Patrick; Miller, Duane Alexander (2014). "LIVING AMONG THE BREAKAGE: CONTEXTUAL THEOLOGY-MAKING AND EX-MUSLIM CHRISTIANS". The University of Edinburgh: 89. Retrieved 16 May 2020.^{[ dead link ]}
2. Johnstone, Patrick; Miller, Duane Alexander (2015). "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census". Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion. 11: 8. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
3. A El Shafie, Majed (2012). Freedom Fighter: One Man's Fight for One Free World. Destiny Image Publishers. ISBN   9780768487732. It estimated the Afghan Christian community ranges from 500 to 8,000 people. For all practical purposes, there are no native Afghan Christians; they are all converts from Islam who worship in secret to avoid being killed for apostasy..
4. "The Perilous Path from Muslim to Christian". The National Interest. 12 June 2021. Reports of widespread conversions of Muslims to Christianity come from regions as disparate as Algeria, Albania, Syria, and Kurdistan.
5. Johnstone, Patrick; Miller, Duane Alexander (2015). "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census". IJRR. 11 (10): 1–19. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
6. "Kabylia: Christian Churches Closed by Algerian Authorities". Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. 28 May 2019. Since 2000, thousands of Algerian Muslims have put their faith in Christ. Algerian officials estimate the number of Christians at 50,000, but others say it could be twice that number.
7. "Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada". Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 30 June 2015. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021. there is an estimated 20,000 to 100,000 evangelical Christians in Algeria, who practice their faith in mainly unregistered churches in the Kabyle region
8. "The Catholic and Protestant churches are working together to draw up guidelines for conversions". The Tablet. 19 April 2016.
9. Aras, Bülent (1999). Oil and Geopolitics in the Caspian Sea Region. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 166. ISBN   9780275963958. According to Iranian sources in Baku, Western "religious front associations" have converted some 5,000 Azerbaijanis to various Christian evangelical denominations since 1991
10. Monnier, F. le (2009). Rivista di studi politici internazionali. Facoltà di scienze politiche "Cesare Alfieri. p. 69. ISBN   9780275963958. the 1990s these front organizations succeeded in converting some 5,000 Azeris to various Christian evangelical
11. "The treatment of Christians in Bangladesh" (PDF). Refugee Review Tribunal: Australia. 23 November 2006. In the last thirty years, there has been an increase in the number of Muslims converting to Christianity. According to one estimate, in the period between 1971 and 1991, the number of Christian converts in Bangladesh has risen from two hundred thousand to four hundred thousand..
12. "Country Policy and Information Note - Bangladesh: Religious minorities and atheists". Home Office. 23 October 2018. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021. it is estimated that as many as 91,000 Muslims across Bangladesh have converted to Christianity in the last six years.
13. "In Europe, many Muslims renounce Islam, embrace Christianity: Report".
14. "Urban culture, religious conversion, and crossing ethnic fluidity among the Bulgarian Muslims ("Pomaks")". New Bulgarian University. 5 March 2015. Numerous cases of conversion from Islam to Orthodox Christianity are just one of the ways to express the changes in the fluid identity of Bulgarian Muslims ("Pomaks") in Bulgaria after 1990
15. A. West, Barbara (2010). Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania. Infobase Publishing. p. 3. ISBN   9781438119137. more than 20,000 Abkhazian Muslims converted to Christianity
16. "German churches see rise in baptisms for refugees". Deutsche Welle. 6 May 2015. Thousands of refugees in Germany are converting from Islam to Christianity, although it could carry a huge personal risk for them. Independent churches are especially seeing many new converts.
17. "Over 20,000 converted to Christianity since 1990 in Kashmir". Kashmir Watch. 19 January 2012. Over 20,000 Kashmiri Muslims are reported to have converted to Christianity since the inception of militancy in 1990.
18. "Iran: Christians and Christian converts - Department of Justice". Home Office. 20 February 2020. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2021. Open Doors, interviewed by the UK Home Office on 8 August 2017, stated that many converts do not publicly report their faith due to persecution, so it is difficult to record the exact numbers of Iranian Christian converts. Open Doors believes the number to be 800,000, although this is a conservative estimate. Other estimates put the number between 400,000-500,000 this number is not accurate at all right up to 3 million... A March 2019 US Congressional Research Service report on Iran put the 300,000
19. "Are Iran's Christian converts at greater risk after Soleimani's demise?". The Jerusalem Post. 7 February 2018. Conservative estimates place the number of Christians in Iran between 500,000 to 800,000 believers, but others claim there are more than one million. Traditionally, Christian families amount to around 250,000, while the remainder consists of converts from Islam. Most converts from Islam belong to the underground Protestant house-church movement, which Iran considers to be illegal. Meanwhile, according to Islamic and Iranian law, conversion from Islam is a capital offense.
20. Radford, David (2015). Religious Identity and Social Change: Explaining Christian conversion in a Muslim world. Routledge. ISBN   9781317691716. Today it is possible to speak of thousand of Kyrgyz and Kazakhs converted to Protestantism. This new phenomenon has clashed with the common belief that all native people must be Muslim
21. "A Muslim Leader Converted to Christianity in Iraqi Kurdistan!". 19 October 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
22. "Out of hiding, some Kosovars embrace Christianity". Reuters. 29 September 2008.
23. "Muslim Kosovars rediscover their long-forgotten Roman Catholic roots". Washington post. 6 May 2015.
24. Akçalı, Pınar (2013). Politics, Identity and Education in Central Asia: Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan. Routledge. ISBN   9781135627676.
25. RChinyong Liow, Joseph (2016). Religion and Nationalism in Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press. p. 142. ISBN   9781107167728. Harussani Zakaria, publicly fulminated that up to 260,000 Muslims in Malaysia had left the faith and converted to Christianity
26. Carnes, Nat (2012). Al-Maghred, the Barbary Lion: A Look at Islam. University of Cambridge Press. p. 253. ISBN   9781475903423. . In all an estimated 40,000 Moroccans have converted to Christianity
27. "'House-Churches' and Silent Masses —The Converted Christians of Morocco Are Praying in Secret – VICE News". 23 March 2015. Converted Moroccans — most of them secret worshippers, of whom there are estimated to be anywhere between 5,000 and 40,000 —
28. "Iranian refugees turn to Christianity in the Netherlands". BBC. 25 August 2017. In the Netherlands, thousands of Iranian Muslim migrants and refugees are converting to Christianity, despite conversion from Islam being considered apostasy in Iran and punishable by death.
29. Mutalib, Hussin (2012). Singapore Malays: Being Ethnic Minority and Muslim in a Global City-State. Routledge. p. 163. ISBN   9781136307324. Given the sensitivity of religious conversion in Singapore, reliable data about religious conversions of ethnic groups is almost non-existent. Some Muslim organizations that deal with conversion and problems of Muslim converts, however, estimated that about 100 Malays converted to Christianity within the last decade or so.
30. "Christianity grows in Syrian town once besieged by Islamic State". Reuters. 16 April 2019 – via www.reuters.com.
31. "Kurds Embrace Christianity and Kobani Celebrates Inauguration of Church". 26 June 2019.
32. Abdullaev, Kamoludin (2018). Historical Dictionary of Tajikistan. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 370. ISBN   9781538102527. In 2016, the government estimated the number of Christian converts at up to 3,000 persons.
33. International Religious Freedom Report 2007: Tunisia. United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (September 14, 2007). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
34. M. Shaw Ph.D, Jeffrey (2019). Religion and Contemporary Politics: A Global Encyclopedia [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 200. ISBN   9781440839337.
35. "Fearing a new holy empire: Just when Turks are worried about Christians, here comes the Pope". Maclean's. 4 December 2006. More tangibly, figures published in January 2004 in Turkey's mainstream Milliyet newspaper claimed that 35,000 Muslims, the vast majority of them in Istanbul, had converted to Christianity in 2003. While impossible to confirm (the Turkish government does not release these figures), the rate of conversion, according to Christian leaders in Turkey, is on the rise.
36. report, MRG international (2007). A Quest for Equality: Minorities in Turkey. Minority Rights Group International. p. 13. ISBN   9781904584636. The estimated number of Protestants in Turkey is 4,000–6,000, most of whom live in Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir. Protestantism has been a part of Turkey's history for 200 years, first spreading among the non-Muslim minorities. Conversion from Islam to Protestantism was very rare until the 1960s, but Muslim converts currently constitute the majority of Protestants..
37. Mostafavi Mobasher, Mohsen (2018). The Iranian Diaspora: Challenges, Negotiations, and Transformations. University of Texas Press. p. 82. ISBN   9781477316672. There is no space to elaborate here, but the research carried out by Spellman (2004b) and Miller (2014) sheds light on the growth of Iranian Muslim conversion to born-again Christianity in England and Scotland
38. Scott, Rob (2017). Mount Taylor. University of Tasmania Press. ISBN   9781387230914.
39. Mvan Gorder, Christian (2018). Muslim-Christian Relations in Central Asia. Routledge. p. 17. ISBN   9781135971694.
40. Collected Papers in Greek And Georgian Textual Criticism, pg. 174.; "January 8th Saints" Archived 7 August 2014 at the Wayback Machine
41. Michael Walsh, A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West, Liturgical Press, 2007, ISBN   0-8146-3186-X, Google Print, p. 3.
42. Holweck, F. G. (1924). A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints. St. Louis: B. Herder Book Co. p. 84.
43. [The New Encyclopedia of Islam] p.154
44. • Masonen, Pekka (2001). "Leo Africanus: the man with many names" (PDF). Al-Andalus Magreb. 8–9: 115–143.
45. Kevin Shillington (14 May 2012), History of Africa, Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN   9781137003331, Leo Africanus (following his capture by Christians and forced conversion to Christianity
46. Church missionary intelligencer. 1864. p. 1-PA125.
47. "Pious Fabrications: September 2008". Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
48. Shamistan Nazarli. Karabakh Battles of the 1920s. Azerbaijan National Library. Baku, 2009; p. 125
49. Wolf, Kenneth Baxter. "Chapter 2: Christian Martyrs in Muslim Spain". libro.uca.edu. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
50. "Үтәмешгәрәй". Tatar Encyclopaedia (in Tatar). Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
51. Massie, Robert K. (1981). Peter the Great. Soviet Union: Ballantine Books. p. 469. ISBN   0345298063.
52. "Säyed Borhan xan/Сәет Борһан хан". Tatar Encyclopaedia (in Tatar). Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
53. Frederick, Vincent (1991). "Wadih Ibn Raja', Al-". In Aziz Suryal Atiya (ed.). The Coptic Encyclopedia . Vol. 7. New York: Macmillan Publishers. col. 2311a.
54. "No. 2097 Constantine the African". www.uh.edu. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
55. "Constantine the African, or Constantinus Africanus (medieval medical scholar)" . Retrieved 1 April 2023.
56. "Orthodox Missions among Muslims · Journey To Orthodoxy". Journey To Orthodoxy. 7 June 2010. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
57. Stallaert, C. 1998
58. Stuart B. Schwartz (October 2008), All Can Be Saved: Religious Tolerance and Salvation in the Iberian Atlantic, Yale University Press, p. 62, ISBN   978-0300150537
59. Vassberg, David E. (28 November 2002). The Village and the Outside World in Golden Age Castile: Mobility and Migration in Everyday Rural Life. Cambridge University Press. p. 142. ISBN   9780521527132. We know that many of the Moriscos were well acculturated to Christian ways, and that many had even become sincere Roman Catholics.
60. "Estevanico". www.elizabethan-era.org.uk.
61. "Nadir Shah and the Afsharid Legacy", The Cambridge history of Iran: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic, Ed. Peter Avery, William Bayne Fisher, Gavin Hambly and Charles Melville, (Cambridge University Press, 1991), 11.
62. Burke, Peter (2012). "Translating the Turks". Why Concepts Matter: Translating Social and Political Thought. Brill Publishers. pp. 141–152. doi:10.1163/9789004194908_009. ISBN   9789004194908.
63. Damien Simonis, Sarah Andrews, Spain, Lonely Planet, 2005, ISBN   1-74059-700-1, Google Print, pp. 743.
64. Don Juan of Persia: A Shi'ah Catholic
65. Allen, W.E.D. (1932). A history of the Georgian people; from the beginning down to the Russian conquest in the nineteenth century. London: Routledge & K. Paul. p. 383. ISBN   0-7100-6959-6.
66. Archil von Kartli Family all over the world
67. (in Russian) Alexander Kazembek: Light from the East by Alexei Pylev. 13 April 2003. Retrieved 9 October 2006
68. Heirs of the Prophets: An account of the clergy and Priests of Islam, Samuel Marinus Zwemer, Moody press, 1946, p. 127 – "There are some examples which could easily be multiplied. Dr. Imad-ud-Din was a leading Sufi and theologian in the Punjaub. He was appointed to preach against Dr. Pfander in the royal mosque at Agra; he read the Scriptures, believed and was baptised, and with another great theologian and Sufi, Safdar Ali, became a missionary to his people. Afterwards he received a doctorate from Oxford University. His baptism took place New Year's Day, 1868, together with his aged father and brother. Other distinguished converts in the Punjab, such as Imam Shah, were also from the clergy."
69. India in the Time of Dean
70. "Sake Dean Mahomed (1759 – 1851) First Indian to Publish a Book, Own a Restaurant and Do "Shampooing" in England". Forgetten Newsmakers. 29 December 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
71. "Sake Dean Mahomet (1759-1851) – Criterion Quarterly" . Retrieved 1 April 2023.
72. "The Slave Who Circumnavigated The World". The Awl. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
73. "Sejarawan Universitas Harvard: Penjelajah Bumi Pertama adalah Putera Melayu". VOA Indonesia. 28 July 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
74. Gerald H. Anderson, ed. (1999). Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions. Grand Rapids, MI; Cambridge: W.B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 1. ISBN   978-0-8028-4680-8.
75. "Abdul Masih". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014. Abdul Masih (1765 - 1827) An influential indigenous Indian missionary
76. Berend, Nora. At the Gate of Christendom: Jews, Muslims and Pagans in Medieval Hungary, c. 1000–c. 1300. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-02720-5.
77. "19 Paonah - Coptic Synaxarium". St-Takla.org. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
78. Ghaly, Mena. "St. George El-Mozahem". www.wiscopts.net. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
79. "الشهيد مارجرجس المزاحم | St-Takla.org". st-takla.org.
80. Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN   0-14-051312-4.
81. "African Studies Quarterly". Africa.ufl.edu. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
82. Obscure text, illuminating conversation: reading The Martyrdom of 'Abd al-Masih (Qays al-Ghassani).
83. Istoria şi tradiţiile minorităţii rromani, p.28, 2005, Sigma, Bucharest, Delia Grigore, Petre Petcuţ and Mariana Sandu – "Born to a Rom Muslim slave father and a free Romanian Christian mother, Razvan converted to Christianity, thereby, attracting the wrath of the Ottomans."
84. Emily Ruete, ¨Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar¨, 1888
85. The Indian Mutiny and the British Imagination by Gautam Chakravarty · Cambridge, 242 pp ISBN   0-521-83274-8
86. Michael Khodarkovsky, Russia's Steppe Frontier, Indiana University Press, 2002, ISBN   0-253-21770-9, M1 Google Print, p. 265.
87. [Russia's Orient: Imperial Borderlands and Peoples, 1700-1917] p.25
88. Moosa, Matti (2005). The Maronites in History. Gorgias Press. ISBN   9781593331825.
89. Ivan Mannheim, Syria & Lebanon handbook, Footprint Travel Guides, 2001, ISBN   1-900949-90-3, Google Print, p. 567.
90. El-Khazen, Farid (2000). The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967-1976. Harvard University Press. p. 37. ISBN   9780674081055. Soon afterwards, the Shihabi amirs converted to Christianity and identified with the Maronite community.
91. Moosa, Matti (1986). The Maronites in History. Syracuse University Press. p. 283. ISBN   9780815623656. turning point in the history of the Shihabis when the Amir Ali al - Shihabi became converted to Christianity and joined the Maronite Church.
92. "Relations". www.khazen.org.
93. [The Maronites in history, Matti Moosa, p283]
94. Khairallah 1996, p. 83.
95. Harris 2012, p. 134.
96. Ramet, Sabrina (1998). Nihil obstat: religion, politics, and social change in East-Central Europe and Russia. Durham: Duke University Press. p. 209. ISBN   978-0822320708.. "This happened in 1443 when Gjergj Kastrioti (called Skenderbeg), who had been reared as a Muslim in the sultan's palace, abandoned the Islamic faith and publicly reverted to the creed of his forefathers. But this conversion was not merely a public gesture of defiance. It was the first act in a revolutionary drama. For, after changing his religious allegiance, Skenderbeg demanded that Muslim colonists and converts alike embrace Christianity on pain of death, declaring a kind of holy war against the sultan/caliph."
97. Wilson, Peter (2002), German Armies: War and German Society, 1648-1806, Routledge, p. 86, ISBN   1135370532
98. Holt, P. M.; Lambton, Ann K. S.; Lewis, Bernard (21 April 1977). The Cambridge History of Islam: Volume 2A, The Indian Sub-Continent, South-East Asia, Africa and the Muslim West. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   9780521291378 – via Google Books.
99. Ternate Sultanat Archived 9 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine
100. St. Casilda – Saint of the Day – American Catholic
101. "Marriages of the Holy Prophet". Al-islam.org. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
102. Bewley/Saad, p. 68. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
103. The Baker Who Pretended to Be King of Portugal, p.214: " Muley Xeque was baptized in an elaborate ceremony in El Escorial".
104. Canal Sánchez-Pagín; Montaner Frutos; Palencia; Salazar y Acha
105. Burns, Robert E. Prince and Almohad conversation Mudejar: New documentation about Abu Zayd. Sharq al-Andalus: Arabs Studies, 4 (Alicante: University, 1987), p. 109-122
106. [The Post-Soviet Wars: Rebellion, Ethnic Conflict, and Nationhood in the Caucasus] p.204
107. George Sanikidze and Edward W. Walker (2004), Islam and Islamic Practices in Georgia. Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies., p. 12, University of California, Berkeley Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies.
108. Archived copy Archived 10 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Biografi Basuki Abdullah
109. "Wife of American pastor jailed in Iran: Tehran has no intention of freeing him despite report". Associated Press. 21 January 2013.^{[ permanent dead link ]}
110. Perry Chiaramonte (14 January 2013). "American pastor imprisoned in Iran to go on trial next week". Fox News.
111. "US Christian faces death in Iran trial: family". Agence France-Presse. 17 January 2013.
112. "سائق عرفات السابق : الرب أعطى الأرض لليهود | Radio Netherlands Worldwide". Archived from the original on 20 July 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
113. العالمية, إبراهيم حمودة-إذاعة هولندا. "سائق عرفات يروج في كتابة "عرفات بطلي" لفكرة الرب أعطى الأرض لليهود". الهدهد: صحيفة اليكترونية عربية بخمس لغات عالمية.
114. Grammy awards (25 August 2007). ""All hail The chieftain", Independent News". Independent.ie. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
115. "Princess Inaara Foundation". 15 October 2016. Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
116. "'Messiah' Mehmet Ali Agca hopes to cash in on Pope attack". The Times. 29 February 2012.
117. "Pope baptizes one of Italy's most prominent Muslims at Easter vigil service". Archived from the original on 5 December 2008.
118. "CBC Radio – The Current – Whole Show Blow-by-Blow". Archived from the original on 30 November 2009.
119. Juan Andrés, Confusión o confutación de la secta mahomética y del Alcorán, edited by Elisa Ruiz García (Salamanca, 2003).
120. "Matthew Ashimolowo Net Worth". Telegraph. Retrieved 4 August 2007. at age 22 converted to Christianity from Islam
121. Asmirandah Pindah Agama Demi Bisa Menikah Lagi Dengan Jonas Rivanno? Asmirandah come to the church once a week.
122. Rabu, 29 Januari 2014 12:11 Penulis: Darmadi Sasongko. "Soal Foto Ibadah di Gereja, Asmirandah: Agamaku Adalah Hakku". KapanLagi.com. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
123. "KKR Pendeta Gilbert di Manado, OC KAligis dan Asmirandah 'Bersaksi'". Tribunmanado.co.id. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
124. "Kesaksian Asmirandah "Artis Indonesia"" . Retrieved 1 April 2023.
125. Biography of Johannes Aveteranian Archived 12 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
126. Happy Birthday Parveen Babi, The Indian Express
127. "Church completes 125 years". The Times of India. 20 November 2007. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
128. Hutchison, p. 7
129. Hutchison, Robert A. (1999). Their Kingdom Come: Inside the Secret World of Opus Dei. St. Martin's Press. p. 7. ISBN   0312193440. – "Sister Josephine Bakhita had been converted by force to Islam and then, freedom restored, had chosen Christianity".
130. Rodis, Rodel (8 April 2009). "Sarah Balabagan, from Muslim to Christian". Global Nation. Archived from the original on 15 July 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
131. "Fla. police: No credible threat to runaway convert, AP". miamiherald.com. 14 November 2009. Retrieved 16 February 2012.^{[ dead link ]}
132. The Kurdish Minority Problem, p.11, December 1948, ORE 71-48, CIA "The first of the major Barzani revolts took place in 1931 after Sheikh Ahmed Barzani, one of the most prominent Kurdish leaders in Iraqi Kurdistan, announced his conversion to Christianity and succeeded in defeating a number of other Kurdish tribes as well as regular Iraqi troops." "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 15 March 2012..
133. "Algerian Muslim convert talks about Christ | Maghreb Christians". Archived from the original on 6 December 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
134. Beale, Lewis (9 November 2003). "Precious Freedom". USA Weekend Magazine. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012.
135. Jacqueline Cassandra Woodfork (2006). Culture and Customs of the Central African Republic. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. xviii (Chronology). ISBN   0313332037 . Retrieved 20 January 2014. October 20, 1976: Bokassa announces his conversion to Islam ... December 4, 1976: ... Bokassa renounces Islam
136. Brian Titley (2002). Dark Age: The Political Odyssey of Emperor Bokassa. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. p. 79. ISBN   0773524185 . Retrieved 20 January 2014. The ace up Gadhaffi's sleeve was his oil money. ... Bokassa, of course, was rewarded more than all the others, collecting a cheque for one million U.S. dollars.
137. "Benin's new president announced". Archived from the original on 16 November 2011. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
138. "Yayi Boni is Benin's next President". Afrol.com.
139. Nunumete, Peter. "pesulima". www.geocities.ws. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
140. "Biografi Broery Pesulima - Foto, Video, Riwayat Hidup - Putra Ambon Bersuara Emas - Selebriti - Biografi Tokoh Indonesia". Archived from the original on 6 July 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
141. Le Populaire, ISSN   0851-2442, N°3232, 31 August 2010, p. 2
142. "Qui est Moussa Dadis Camara, le nouveau president de la Guinee?" Archived 16 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine , Guineenews , 26 December 2008 (in French).
143. "Galanyi.com". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
144. "KapanLagi.com: Rianti Cartwright: JOMBLO Dekat Dengan Realitas"
145. perkawinan katolik
146. http://www.oldies.com/artist-biography/Chamillionaire.html artist biography of Chamillionaire
147. "What's up with | Music | Philadelphia Weekly". Archived from the original on 2 October 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2016. On religion: "I go to church every Sunday I'm in Houston. Now I have people asking for autographs in church. It's crazy, but yeah, I still do that and I still pay tithes and all that stuff."
148. "Djibril Cisse Biography". Netglimse.com. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
149. "Mondial : ces joueurs de foot ont la foi !, Benoît Fidelin, Pèlerin N° 6654, 10 June 2010". Archived from the original on 2 October 2011.
150. James, Frank (4 August 2010). "Rep. Kilpatrick Vanquisher, Hansen Clarke, Has Some Story". NPR.org. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
151. "New York Times obituary". The New York Times . 2 May 1998. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
152. "Africana Online". Archived from the original on 28 April 2010.
153. Rudnytsky, Ivan L. (1988). "Michal Czajkowski's Cossack Project During the Crimean War: An Analysis of Ideas". Essays in Modern Ukrainian History. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 186. ISBN   9780916458195.
154. Kokoh, Romo Jost. "Romo Jost Kokoh: "Djamin alias Imin alias Darmoyuwono"". Romo Jost Kokoh. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
155. "The Right Rev Hassan Dehqani-Tafti: Exiled Anglican Bishop in Iran". The Independent. 22 May 2008. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
156. http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/51878.htm "IN THE HOLY NAME OF GOD WHO IS OUR LIFE AND EXISTENCE"
157. "Obituary: Mehdi Dibaj". The Independent. 6 July 1994. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
158. Hafadzoh, Siti. "Jarang Terlihat, Manohara Kini Sudah Pindah Agama & Aktif Selamatkan Satwa". trending.
159. http://theperspective.org/articles/0617200501.html Religion And Power in Liberia
160. "Tolerance: The Key to Protecting Liberia's Christian-Muslim Harmony | the Liberian Observer". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014. Tolerance: The Key To Protecting Liberia’s Christian-Muslim Harmony
161. "TEXTS IN ENGLISH | Orthodoxy in Indonesia, an Interview with Archimandrite Daniel Bambang Dwi Byantoro by Thomas Hulber". Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2015. Interview with Archimandrite Daniel
162. http://www.orthodoxresearchinstitute.org/articles/church_history/byantoro_indonesia.htm The birth of the Orthodox Church in Indonesia
163. Egypt: Christian convert from Islam jailed – Compass Direct News, 18 October 2006
164. "Elewonibi best among lineman prospects". Arizona Republic. 18 April 1990.
165. Paul Hofmann, Pope Bans Marriage of Princess to Shah, The New York Times, 24 February 1959, p. 1.
166. Voir BnF   16252941x
167. Le Prix à payer , L’Œuvre, 2010
168. Libre.be, La. "Musulman, martyr de la liberté" (in French). Retrieved 4 June 2018.
169. "First-Ever Muslim Miss USA Rima Fakih Converts to Christianity, Report Claims" . Retrieved 4 June 2018.
170. "Donald Fareed's Testimony ::: Persian Ministries International". www.persianministries.org. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
171. http://www.trunews.com/ex-muslim-preaches-the-gospel/ ‘Ex-Muslim’ preaches the Gospel
172. Against the Tides in the Middle East, International Academic Centre for Muslim Evangelism in South Africa, 1997 (published under the name "Mustafa").
173. Prison Radicalization: Are Terrorist Cells Forming in U.S. Cell Blocks? Archived 28 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine Government testimony (PDF)
174. Daveed Gartenstein-Ross Archived 8 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine biography on his website
175. "Kiki Fatmala changes her religion". Viva.co.id. 7 April 2021.
176. Noel Orsal. "Ruffa Gutierrez reaffirms her Christian faith". Pep.ph. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
177. "On Mission Magazine - NAMB". NAMB. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
178. "TheGoal.com: Qadry Ismail". www.thegoal.com. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
179. "Rocket shows strong path". Archived from the original on 21 February 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
180. Matussek, Matthias (17 December 2011). "RELIGION: Das Model Gottes". Der Spiegel. Vol. 51. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
181. "Non-Catholic Models". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
182. "Former imam: God saved me from torture after Christian conversion". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
183. Note: Sharia, the Arabic term for Islamic law, is typically spelled "Syariah" in Malaysian English
184. "Article about Kusturica's religion on". Pionirovglasnik.com. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
185. "News of Kusturica's baptism on passagen.se". Hem.passagen.se. Archived from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
186. Cryer, Neville Barker (1979). Bibles Across the World. United States of America: Mowbrays. p. 94. ISBN   0264664175.
187. Christiansë, Yvette (1999). Castaway. Duke University Press. ISBN   0822324210.
188. Michael Mubangizi (13 January 2012). "Uganda: They Stand Tall in New Found Faith". allAfrica. Kampala. The Observer. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
189. http://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2010/09/20/zakat-pinkan-mambo-pindah-ke-gereja Pinkan Mambo move to church
190. "Pinkan Mambo Menikah di Gereja Secara Sederhana - C&R Digital". Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2014. Pinkan Mambo married in a church in Los Angeles
191. "WAWANCARA EKSKLUSIF DENGAN DEETJE, IBUNDA PINKAN MAMBO (2) | MetroTangsel". Archived from the original on 7 June 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2014. Pinkan Mambo confirms be married to Steve Wantania
192. Majumdar, Margaret (2002). Francophone Studies: The Essential Glossary. United States of America: Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN   0340806966.
193. Saya juga minta maaf kepada seluruh komunitas Gereja Ortodok diakses 3 February 2006
194. Roy Marten, who said that he has been a follower of the Church for three years Archived 1 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine diakses 3 February 2006
195. Roy Marten Main Sinetron Edisi Natal diakses 12 December 2006
196. In Tibet and Chinese Turkestan: Being the Record of Three Years' Exploration, Henry Hugh Peter Deasy, pg. 284
197. "Carlos Menem" Encyclopædia Britannica
198. "When a Catholic Bishop Baptized his Muslim Father". Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture. 16 October 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
199. Brad Biggs (20 May 2005). "Muhammad all about giving as well as receiving". Chicago Sun-Times. p. 148.
200. Jarrett-Kerr, Martin (1972). Patterns of Christian Acceptance. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. p. 196.
201. Merica, Dan (1 October 2011). "Iranian pastor faces death for rape, not apostasy – report". CNN.
202. http://manado.tribunnews.com/2013/10/04/pesan-terakhir-diana-nasution-jangan-lupa-pelayanan-gereja "Mama benar-benar minta jangan sampai lupa pelayanan gereja,"
203. http://life.viva.co.id/news/read/449316-rita-nasution-dan-minggus-tahitoe-berduet-di-depan-peti-diana Walau saya Muslim, Hajah saya tetap bisa menyanyikan semua lagu.
204. "Flight from Iran". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011.
205. "Wafin: Moroccan Connections in America". www.wafin.com.
206. Hussein Fardust, The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty:, Motilal Banarsidass, 1999, ISBN   81-208-1642-0, Google Print, pp. 122–123.
207. "8 Artis Pakai Nama Suami Usai Nikah, Banyak yang Pindah Agama". 9 July 2020.
208. "Hamid Pourmand: Imprisonment due to religious belief". Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
209. Qureshi, Nabeel (2014). Seeking Allah, Finding Jesus: A Devout Muslim Encounters Christianity. Grand Rapids: Michigan: Zondervan. p. 278. ISBN   978-0-310-51502-9.
210. Qureshi, Nabeel. "Biography". Teams. Ravi Zacharias International Ministries. Archived from the original on 12 December 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
211. http://www.thefridaytimes.com/tft/tracking-down-daud-rahbar/ Tracking down Daud Rahbar
212. http://www.themuslimtimes.org/2013/10/countries/united-states/exiled-writer-educator-dr-daud-rahbar-passed-away-in-florida Exiled writer, educator Dr Daud Rahbar passed away in Florida
213. "Al Jazeera English - News". Archived from the original on 30 July 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
214. Norge IDAG – Norwegian language newspaper – Friday 7 May 2010
215. http://www.kapanlagi.com/showbiz/selebriti/toleransi-beragama-di-keluarga-dewi-rezer-coo3qbm.html Toleransi Beragama di Keluarga Dewi Rezer
216. "Menikah di Bali, Dewi Rezer & Marcelino Seperti Mimpi - Gossip". Archived from the original on 26 July 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015. Menikah di Bali, Dewi Rezer & Marcelino Seperti Mimpi
217. Emily Ruete, (1888): Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar
218. Emily Ruete, Ulrich Haarmann (Editor), E. Van Donzel (Editor), Leiden, Netherlands, (1992): An Arabian Princess Between Two Worlds: Memoirs, Letters Home, Sequels to the Memoirs, Syrian Customs and Usages. Presents the reader with a picture of life in Zanzibar between 1850 – 1865, and with an intelligent observer's reactions to life in Germany in the Bismarck period. Emily Ruete's writings describe her attempts to recover her Zanzibar inheritance and her homesickness. ISBN   90-04-09615-9
219. http://www.thefreelibrary.com/L'enigme+de+la+reine+Nazli.-a0322366394 L'enigme de la reine Nazli.
220. "Kyai Sadrach, Dari Pesantren Menuju Gereja". Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2014. Kyai Sadrach, Dari Pesantren Menuju Gereja
221. http://biokristi.sabda.org/kiai_sadrach Makna Sumbangan Komunitas Sadrach bagi Upaya Kontekstualisasi Gereja
222. "De l'islam au réveil chrétien", Regardsprotestants, 15th of Feb, 2023
223. "Bukti Hanung Berjiwa Labil dan Sebarkan Virus Menggoyang Iman". Eramuslim. 30 November 2001.
224. "Antara Hanung Bramantyo dan Muhammad Syarif - VOA-ISLAM.COM". www.voa-islam.com.
225. Kamis, 18 Juni 2015 17:20 Penulis: Fitrah Ardiyanti. "[VIDEO] Kesaksian Lukman Sardi Saat Mantap Pindah Keyakinan". KapanLagi.com.
226. "Argentine ex-army colonel who led uprisings dies". Taiwan News. Associated Press. 2 September 2009. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
227. http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/56767.Bilquis_Sheikh I Dared to Call Him Father: The Miraculous Story of a Muslim Woman's Encounter with God
228. "archive.ph". archive.ph. Archived from the original on 9 September 2012.
229. "Is the 'prosperity gospel' prospering?". Archived from the original on 12 January 2009. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
230. Vickers (2005), page 86
231. Prabhu, Alan Machado (1999). Sarasvati's Children: A History of the Mangalorean Christians. p. 196
232. Schwaner, Birgit (1 June 2007). "Der Abenteurer aus Ober St. Veit" (in German). Weiner Zeitung. Archived from the original on 9 September 2007. Retrieved 19 January 2008. He was absolved by the Pope for his conversion, which he reversed
233. Aritonang, Jan S.; Steenbrink, Karel A., eds. (2008). A History of Christianity in Indonesia. Studies in Christian Mission. 35. Leiden: Brill. ISBN   978-90-04-17026-1.
234. "Islam, the West and the need for honesty". The Age. 16 October 2004.
235. "TURKEY: CONVERTS SUBJECTED TO OFFICIAL HARASSMENT". Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
236. "Suara2 Keberatan ke HT yg cina murtad; Prabowo yg Berontak & Pramono Edhi yg Muallaf | Corak Warna : Corak Warna". Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2014. Hary Tanoe Akui Ayahnya Muslim Taat. Ustadz Shabri: Berarti dia Murtad
237. http://www.orangterkayaindonesia.com/profil-hary-tanoesoedibjo-orang-super-kaya-di-indonesia/ Archived 7 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine Profil Hary Tanoesoedibjo dan Perjalanan Kesuksesannya
238. Troyat, Henri Ivan le Terrible. Flammarion, Paris, 1982
239. http://www.hraicjk.org/apostasy_and_prophet_muhammad.html Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine Theologians from Chechnya and Dagestan ordered Muslims to carry out the death sentence against Gov. Aman Tuleyev "at the first possible opportunity"
240. Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine : "'Muslims won't win against the West'". YouTube .
241. Мусульманская община Ярославля встретилась со знаменитой спортсменкой Ляйсан Утяшевой — Муслим-пресс, 21/05/2006 ^{[ permanent dead link ]}
242. ПРЯНИКОВ, Роман (29 May 2009). "Ляйсан Утяшева пишет стихи". yar.kp.ru. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
243. "Ляйсан Утяшева, рожденная в раю — Советский спорт, 22 февраля 2003, №33(15978)". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2013.
244. Jazexhi, Olsi. "Shqiptarizimi i demshem i Aleances Kuq e Zi". Shqiperia. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
245. Jazexhi, Olsi (December 2007). "The Political Exploitation of Islamophobia in post–communist Albania" . Retrieved 1 August 2019.
246. Ernst, Andreas (12 July 2017). "Ein Segen für Albanien". NZZ . Retrieved 1 August 2019.
247. "Публикация Julia Volkova | Юля Волкова в Instagram • Фев 26 2017 в 4:26 UTC" (in Russian). Instagram. 26 February 2017. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021.
248. Белая, Саша (27 February 2017). Юля Волкова вернулась в православие (in Russian). Woman.ru.
249. Бывшая "татушка" Юлия Волкова вернулась из ислама в православие (in Russian). News.ru. 28 February 2017.
250. You quizzed George Weah – BBC.com
251. Tatari, Eren (6 June 2014). Muslims in British Local Government: Representing Minority Interests in Hackney, Newham, and Tower Hamlets. Brill Publishers. p. 51. ISBN   978-9004269699. For instance, Richmond upon Thames councillor Munira Hassam converted to Christianity from Islam eight years ago; hence is not included in the dataset.
252. "Sigi Wimala Dinikahi Sutradara Film di Gereja". detikhot. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
253. "Nikah Diam-Diam, Sigi Wimala Digosipkan Hamil". celebrity.okezone.com. 11 November 2009.
254. http://celebrity.okezone.com/read/2009/11/11/33/274295/nikah-diam-diam-sigi-wimala-digosipkan-hamil Sigi Wimala pregnant before wedding ?
255. http://fr.scribd.com/doc/36690616/Pendiri-Gereja-Kristen-Jawa Pendiri Gereja Kristen Jawa
256. http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/arch_0044-8613_1979_num_17_1_1463 Karangjoso revisité: aux origines du christianisme à Java central
257. Aikman, David (2003). Jesus in Beijing: How Christianity is Transforming China and Changing the Global Balance of Power. Regnery Publishing. p. 11.
258. Catherine Elsworth & Carolynne Wheeler (24 August 2008). "Mosab Hassan Yousef, son of Hamas leader, becomes a Christian". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
259. http://ebahana.com/warta/1714-nania-kurniawati-yusuf Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine "Sudah satu tahun terakhir saya mengakui bahwa Yesus adalah Tuhan dan juruselamat,"
260. "Nania Idol, Jadi Garam Dan Terang Lewat Musik Rock". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014. Nania yang kini telah memeluk agama Kristen, datang ke Manado untuk ikut serta dalam ibadah raya Kebaktian Kebangunan Rohani
261. Saye Zerbo, président of the republic from 1980 to 1982 (article in French) "At once stopped, Saye Zerbo is thrown in prison. Since his imprisonment, the deposed president contemplates and reads the Qu'ran through whole nights. He also asks so that the Bible be brought to him that the archbishop of Ouagadougou, the cardinal Paul Zoungrana, had offered to him at the time of first Christmas following his takeover. At this point in time it will have the revelation which will change its life. In a mystical dash, Saye Zerbo is brought to his knees, returns thanks to God and converts to Christianity. His entire family will do the same thing thereafter."

See also

• List of converts to Christianity
• List of former Muslims
• List of converts to Islam from Christianity