Parts of Holland

Last updated
Lincolnshire, Parts of Holland
Holland - Lincolnshire Brit Isles section.svg
Area
 • 1901268,992 acres (1089 km²)
 • 1961267,847 acres (1083 km²)
Population
 • 190177,610
 • 1971105,685
History
 • Created1889
 • Abolished1974
 • Succeeded by Lincolnshire
Status Administrative county
Government Holland County Council
 •  HQ County Hall, Boston
Arms of Holland County Council.svg

The Parts of Holland is a historical division of Lincolnshire, England, encompassing the southeast of the county. [1] The name is still recognised locally and survives in the district of South Holland.

Contents

Etymology

The place name Holland appears on record in 1060 as Hoylandia and in the Domesday Book (1086) as Hoilant. The name is most often derived from Old English hoh ("a hill-spur") + land; giving the name a meaning of "district characterised by hill-spurs" or similar. Formally-identical formations are found in the place-names Holland-on-Sea (Essex) and Up Holland (Lancashire). [2] [3] However, the topographical inappropriateness of a place-name referencing hill-spurs being applied to a low-lying region has been noted and Richard Coates has instead argued that the hoi- element in early forms represents a Brittonic *haiw- ("a swamp"). [4]

Administration

Holland sign on display at the Museum of Lincolnshire Life with the Latin motto Labor Ipse Merces (Work is its own reward) Museum of Lincolnshire Life, Lincoln, England - DSCF1659.JPG
Holland sign on display at the Museum of Lincolnshire Life with the Latin motto Labor Ipse Merces (Work is its own reward)

Parts of Holland was one of the three medieval divisions, called 'Parts', of Lincolnshire (the other two being Lindsey and Kesteven) which had long had separate county administrations (quarter sessions). Under the Local Government Act 1888 it obtained a county council, which it retained until 1974. At that point the three county councils were abolished and Lincolnshire (minus the northern part of Lindsey, which formed part of Humberside) had a single county council for the first time. [5]

Before the changes of 1888, Holland had, since probably the 10th century, been divided into the three wapentakes of Elloe, Kirton and Skirbeck. [6]

Under the Local Government Act 1894, the administrative county of Holland was divided into rural districts and urban districts, with the municipal borough of Boston remaining untouched. The rural districts were Boston, Crowland, East Elloe and Spalding, whilst Holbeach, Long Sutton, Spalding and Sutton Bridge became urban districts. [7]

Geography

"The Map of South Holland" from The History of Imbanking and Drayning by William Dugdale (1662) The Map of South Holland (1662).jpg
"The Map of South Holland" from The History of Imbanking and Drayning by William Dugdale (1662)

The geographical extent of the former Holland County Council is the same as that of the combined modern local government districts of Boston and South Holland.

Holland is all close to sea level, achieving a maximum altitude of about five metres (16 feet) on artificially raised river banks (levees). It therefore needed carefully managed drainage to maintain the very productive arable farmland which covered almost its entire extent. Consequently, a significant part of its drainage for arable use had to await the introduction of steam pumping. Before the mid-19th century, it was a much more pastoral area, used for fattening livestock brought in from Scotland and northern England before it was driven to market in places like London. Many of the country roads are still called droves.

Towns and villages in Holland

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lincolnshire</span> County of England

Lincolnshire, abbreviated Lincs, is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands and Yorkshire and the Humber regions of England. It is bordered by the East Riding of Yorkshire across the Humber estuary to the north, the North Sea to the east, Norfolk, Cambridgeshire, Northamptonshire and Rutland to the south, and Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire and South Yorkshire to the west. The county town is the city of Lincoln. Lincolnshire is the second largest ceremonial county in England, after North Yorkshire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crowland</span> Town in Lincolnshire, England

Crowland or Croyland is a town and civil parish in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated between Peterborough and Spalding. Crowland contains two sites of historical interest, Crowland Abbey and Trinity Bridge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Fens</span> Natural region on the east coast of England

The Fens or Fenlands in eastern England are a naturally marshy region supporting a rich ecology and numerous species. Most of the fens were drained centuries ago, resulting in a flat, dry, low-lying agricultural region supported by a system of drainage channels and man-made rivers and automated pumping stations. There have been unintended consequences to this reclamation, as the land level has continued to sink and the dykes have been built higher to protect it from flooding.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spalding, Lincolnshire</span> Market town in Lincolnshire, England

Spalding is a market town on the River Welland in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. The main town had a population of 30,556 at the 2021 census. The town is the administrative centre of the South Holland District. The town is located between the cities of Peterborough and Lincoln.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">East Lindsey</span> Non-metropolitan district in England

East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Holland District</span> Non-metropolitan district in England

South Holland is a local government district of Lincolnshire, England. The council is based in Spalding. Other notable towns and villages include Crowland, Sutton Bridge, Donington, Holbeach and Long Sutton. The district is named after the historical division of Lincolnshire known as the Parts of Holland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borough of Boston</span> Non-metropolitan district and borough in England

The Borough of Boston is a local government district with borough status in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in the town of Boston. The borough also includes numerous villages and towns in the surrounding rural area including Kirton, Wyberton, Sutterton, Algakirk and Hubberts Bridge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holbeach</span> Market town in Lincolnshire, England

Holbeach is a market town and civil parish in the South Holland District in Lincolnshire, England. The town lies 8 miles (13 km) from Spalding; 17 miles (27 km) from Boston; 20 miles (32 km) from King's Lynn; 23 miles (37 km) from Peterborough; and 43 miles (69 km) by road from Lincoln. It is on the junction of the A151 and A17.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kirton, Lincolnshire</span> Town and civil parish in Lincolnshire, England

Kirton or Kirton in Holland is a historic market town and civil parish in the Borough of Boston, Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 5,371.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A16 road (England)</span> Road in Lincolnshire, England

The A16 road is a principal road of Lincolnshire in the East Midlands region of England, connecting the port of Grimsby and Peterborough, where it meets the A1175, A47 & A1139 then on to the A1 and the A605; the latter, in turn, giving a through route to Northampton and the west, and south west of England. Its length is 78 miles (126 km). The road was "de-trunked", with responsibility largely returned to Lincolnshire County Council from the Highways Agency in 2002.

East Elloe was a rural district in Holland in Lincolnshire from 1894 to 1974.

Holland with Boston was a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1997. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cowbit</span> Village and civil parish in Lincolnshire, England

Cowbit is a village and civil parish in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 1,220. It is situated 3 miles (5 km) south from Spalding and 5 miles (8 km) north from Crowland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peak Hill, Lincolnshire</span> Hamlet in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England

Peak Hill is a hamlet in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 4 miles (6 km) south from Spalding and 10 miles (16 km) north-east from Peterborough. The nearest village is Cowbit, about 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north.

University Academy Holbeach is a co-educational secondary school and sixth form located in Holbeach, Lincolnshire, England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Holland IDB</span> Human settlement in England

South Holland IDB is an English internal drainage board set up under the terms of the Land Drainage Act 1930. It has responsibility for the land drainage of 148.43 square miles (384.4 km2) of low-lying land in South Lincolnshire. It is unusual as its catchment area is the same as the area of the drainage district, and so it does not have to deal with water flowing into the area from surrounding higher ground. No major rivers flow through the area, although the district is bounded by the River Welland to the west and the River Nene to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New River (Fens)</span> Drainage channel in Lincolnshire, England

The New River is a drainage system in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. Rising just east of Sisson's Farm near Crowland it flows very roughly eastwards, following the general line of the River Welland but a little to the south. It skirts the settlements of Crowland and Cowbit before flowing into the Welland at Cradge Bank near Little London.

University Academy Long Sutton is a co-educational secondary school located in Long Sutton in the English county of Lincolnshire. The school educates pupils from the local surrounding areas in Lincolnshire, and a little from Cambridgeshire and Norfolk

References

  1. ↑ "Parts of Holland (former division, England, United Kingdom) – Britannica Online Encyclopedia". britannica.com. 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
  2. ↑ Mills, Anthony David (2003). A Dictionary of British Place-Names. OUP Oxford. ISBN   9780191578472.
  3. ↑ Room, Adrian (1993). Dictionary of Place Names in the British Isles. Bloomsbury. p. 174. ISBN   0-7475-1511-5.
  4. ↑ Hawkins, Jillian Patricia. "The significance of the place-name element *funta in the early middle ages" (PDF). University of Winchester.
  5. ↑ de Mello Vianna, Fernando (1979). The International Geographic Encyclopedia and Atlas. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. p. 422. ISBN   978-0395271704.
  6. ↑ Lewis, Samuel (1848). "Skidbrook - Skutterskelfe | A Topographical Dictionary of England (pp. 115-118)". british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
  7. ↑ Akerman, Portland B; Ford, Percy H (1894). Parish Councils: A Guide to the Local Government Act 1894. London: Routledge.

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