| Royal flycatcher | |
|---|---|
 | |
| "Amazonian" tropical royal flycatcher at Apiacás, Mato Grosso state, Brasil | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tityridae |
| Subfamily: | Oxyruncinae |
| Genus: | Onychorhynchus Fischer von Waldheim, 1810 |
The royal flycatchers are a genus, Onychorhynchus, of passerine birds that the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) places in the family Tityridae . [1]
The genus name Onychorhynchus comes from the Greek words ὄνυξonyx "nail" and ρυγχοςrhynkhos "bill". [2] The specific epithet of the type species, coronatus, and the common name royal flycatcher, refer to the striking, colorful crest, [3] which is seen displayed very rarely, [3] except after mating, while preening, in courtship as well as being handled. [3]
For many years the IOC and BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) placed four species in genus Onychorhynchus. [4] [5] In 2024 the IOC combined ("lumped") the northern, Amazonian, and Pacific royal flycatchers as a single species, the tropical royal flycatcher (O. coronatus), leaving the Atlantic royal flycatcher unchanged. [6]
The taxonomies of the genus and of the family Tityridae remain unsettled. HBW retains the four-species treatment. [5] The Clements taxonomy recognizes the same two species of royal flycatcher as the IOC. However, Clements places them and five other species in family Onychorhynchidae, rather than in Tityridae like the IOC. [7] [1] The North American and South American Classification Committees of the American Ornithological Society (AOS) treat genus Onychorhynchus as having one species, the royal flycatcher (O. coronatus sensu lato), with multiple subspecies. Like Clements the AOS committees place the royal flycatcher in family Onychorhynchidae. They lump two of the Clements species and like Clements place the resulting four species in Onychorhynchidae. The South American committee is seeking a proposal for reevaluation of the taxa. [8] [9]
The IOC and Clements recognize these two species in genus Onychorhynchus. [1] [7]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Onychorhynchus coronatus | Tropical royal flycatcher | Southern Mexico through Central America, western Colombia, western Ecuador, and the Amazon Basin in northern Bolivia, eastern Peru, eastern Ecuador, eastern Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and northern and western Brazil |
 | Onychorhynchus swainsoni | Atlantic royal flycatcher | Atlantic forest in southeastern Brazil |
The Tyranni (suboscines) are a suborder of passerine birds that includes more than 1,000 species, the large majority of which are South American. It is named after the type genus Tyrannus. These have a different anatomy of the syrinx musculature than the oscines, hence the common name of suboscines.
The Pacific parakeet, known as Pacific conure or Nicaraguan green conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in southern Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua.
The tityras are passerine birds in the genus Tityra of the family Tityridae. They are found from southern Mexico, through Central America, to northern and central South America, including Trinidad.
The Colombian crake is a species of bird in the subfamily Rallinae of the rail, crake, and coot family Rallidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama.
Carpornis, the berryeaters, is a genus of birds in the family Cotingidae. These primarily frugivorous birds are endemic to the southern half of the Atlantic forest.
Brigida's woodcreeper, also known as the Mato Grosso woodcreeper, is a subspecies of bird in the subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is endemic to Brazil.
The whiskered myiobius or bearded flycatcher is a species of bird in the family Tityridae, having previously been included in Tyrannidae. A number of taxonomic authorities continue to place with the flycatchers. The whiskered myiobius is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.
The Atlantic royal flycatcher is a passerine bird in the family Tityridae according to the International Ornithological Committee (IOC). It is endemic to Brazil.
The Jamaican becard is a species of bird in the family Tityridae. Its genus, Pachyramphus, has traditionally been placed in Cotingidae or Tyrannidae, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae.
The southern mouse-colored tyrannulet is a species of bird in subfamily Elaeniinae of family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, and possibly French Guiana and Suriname.
Pipra is a genus of birds in the manakin family Pipridae.
Piprites is a genus of bird currently placed in the family Tyrannidae. Prior to 1971, the genus was placed in the family Pipridae; its designation was initially changed based on morphological evidence, and genetic evidence confirmed its placement in 2009. In 2013, it was proposed that Piprites was to be placed in the unique family Pipritinae. The proposition was declined by the Comité de Clasificación de Sudamérica, a part of the American Ornithological Society, and the proposed family was changed to be a unique subfamily of the genus. The genus is composed of three species native to the neotropical realm, with distributions ranging from the Caribbean coast of Guatemala, Central America, and southeastern Argentina.
The grey-winged cotinga is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae. It is endemic to Brazil where it is restricted to the Serra dos Órgãos and Serra do Tinguá in Rio de Janeiro State. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forest.
The tropical royal flycatcher is a passerine bird that the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) places in the family Tityridae. It is found in Mexico, south through most of Central America, and in every mainland South American country except Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
Tityridae is family of suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The 45 species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae and Cotingidae. As yet, no widely accepted common name exists for the family, although tityras and allies and tityras, mourners and allies have been used. They are small to medium-sized birds. Under current classification, the family ranges in size from the buff-throated purpletuft, at 9.5 cm (3.7 in) and 10 grams, to the masked tityra, at up to 24 cm (9.5 in) and 88 grams. Most have relatively short tails and large heads.
Tyrannides is a clade of passerine birds that are endemic to the Americas. The group likely originated in South America during the Eocene, about 45 million years ago.
Ceratopipra is a genus of passerine birds in the family Pipridae.
The Maranon tyrannulet or Marañon tyrannulet is a species of bird in subfamily Elaeniinae of family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.
