| Sphenopsis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Black-eared hemispingus (Sphenopsis melanotis) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thraupidae |
| Genus: | Sphenopsis Sclater, 1862 |
| Type species | |
| Sphenopsis ignobilis Sclater, PL, 1862 | |
| Species | |
See text | |
Sphenopsis is a genus of warbler-like birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. They are found in highland forest of South America.
The four species now placed in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Hemispingus. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Hemispingus was polyphyletic and as part of the subsequent rearrangement, the genus Sphenopsis was resurrected for these four species. [1] [2] [3] The genus had been introduced in 1862 by the English zoologist Philip Sclater with the type species as Sphenopsis ignobilis, a taxon that is now treated as a subspecies of the oleaginous hemispingus. [3] [4] The name Sphenopsis combines the Ancient Greek sphēn meaning "wedge" with opsis meaning "appearance". [5]
The four species in the genus are: [3]
| Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Oleaginous hemispingus | Sphenopsis frontalis | Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. |
 | Black-eared hemispingus | Sphenopsis melanotis | Venezuela, through to western Bolivia |
 | Piura hemispingus | Sphenopsis piurae | Ecuador and Peru. |
 | Western hemispingus | Sphenopsis ochracea | Ecuador and Colombia. |
The typical honeycreepers form a genus Cyanerpes of small birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. They are found in the tropical New World from Mexico south to Brazil. They occur in the forest canopy, and, as the name implies, they are specialist nectar feeders with long curved bills.
Tangara is a large genus of birds of the tanager family. It includes 27 species. All are from the Neotropics, and while most are fairly widespread, some have small distributions and are threatened. They are fairly small, ranging in size from 11.5–15 centimetres (4.5–5.9 in). This genus includes some of the most spectacularly colored birds of the world.
Phrygilus is a genus of mainly Andean seed-eating tanagers commonly known as sierra finches. Phrygilos means finch in Ancient Greek. Traditionally classified in the bunting and American sparrow family Emberizidae, more recent studies have shown them to belong in the Thraupidae.
Poospiza is a genus of finch-like birds in the tanager family Thraupidae that are found in both the South American lowlands and the Andes mountains. Generally they are arboreal feeders in light woodland and scrub. All have extensive grey to their plumage, and have—often bold—white or rufous markings.
The chestnut-headed tanager is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae this is found in the Atlantic Forest of southeast Brazil, eastern Paraguay and far northeastern Argentina. It was formerly the only member of the genus Pyrrhocoma but is now placed in Thlypopsis.
The rufous-bellied mountain tanager or rufous-bellied saltator is a species of songbird in the tanager familily Thraupidae and is the only member of the genus Pseudosaltator. It is found in the eastern Andes of southern Bolivia and extreme northern Argentina. It occurs mostly at altitudes from 3000 m to 4000 m. Its habitat is open land, including cultivated land, that has patches of scrub, alder trees, or Polylepis trees. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The masked mountain tanager is a vulnerable species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is the only member of the genus Tephrophilus. This large and colourful tanager is endemic to elfin forest, woodland and shrub in the Andean highlands of southern Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru. It is generally rare or uncommon, and is threatened by habitat loss.
Loxigilla is a genus of passerine birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. The two species are both endemic to the Lesser Antilles.
The blue-and-yellow tanager is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae.
The blue-capped tanager is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It was formerly placed in the genus Thraupis but is now the only species in the genus Sporathraupis.
The Cuban grassquit is a small bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is endemic to Cuba.
Poospizopsis is a genus of warbler-like tanagers. They are found in highland forest in South America.
Poecilostreptus is a genus of birds in the tanager family Thraupidae.
Asemospiza is a genus of South American birds in the tanager family Thraupidae.
Pseudospingus is a genus of warbler-like birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. They are found in highland forests in South America.
Kleinothraupis is a genus of warbler-like birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. They are found in highland forest in South America.
Microspingus is a genus of warbler-like birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. They are found in highland forest in South America.
Geospizopsis is a genus of seed-eating birds in the tanager family Thraupidae that are commonly known as sierra finches.
Ixothraupis is a genus of Neotropical birds in the tanager family Thraupidae.
Stilpnia is a genus of Neotropical birds in the tanager family Thraupidae.
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