Ploceus

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Ploceus
The birds of Africa, comprising all the species which occur in the Ethiopian region (1896) (14748527162).jpg
Bocage's weaver ( P. temporalis ) and
Bertram's weaver ( P. bertrandi )
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Ploceidae
Genus: Ploceus
Cuvier, 1816
Type species
Loxia philippina [1]
Linnaeus, 1766
Species

See text

Synonyms [2]
  • Hyphanthurgus Sundevall, 1872
  • Hyphanturgus Cabanis, 1851
  • Nelicurvius Bonaparte, 1850
  • Nelicurvus Pollen, 1863
  • Notiospiza Oberholser, 1905
  • Othyphantes Shelley, 1896
  • Pachyphantes Shelley, 1896
  • Phormoplectes Reichenow, 1903
  • Ploceus victoriae Ash, 1986
  • Ploceys Billberg, 1828
  • Ploceëlla Oates, 1874
  • Plocion Merrem, 1826
  • Plocus Lafresnaye, 1835
  • Sharpia Barboza de Bocage, 1878
  • Simplectes Lesson, 1844
  • Sitagra Reichenbach, 1850
  • Sitagroides Roberts, 1947
  • Sycobrotus Cabanis, 1851
  • Symplectes Swainson, 1837
  • Textor Temminck, 1827
  • Thomasophantes Sclater, 1925
Ploceinae, 1st group
Ploceinae, 2nd group
Nelicourvi Weaver.jpg
Nelicourvi weaver
(genus Ploceus)
"reinstated Nelicurvius"
Malimbus cassini 1876.jpg
Cassin's malimbe
(genus Malimbus )
"extended Malimbus"
Red-headed Weaver (Anaplectes melanotis) (8390429318).jpg
Red-headed weaver
(genus Anaplectes )
"extended Malimbus"
Southern Masked Weaver (Ploceus velatus) male (32762140665), crop.jpg
Southern masked weaver
(genus Ploceus)
"extended Malimbus"

Ploceus is a genus of birds in the weaver family, Ploceidae. They are native to the Indomalayan and Afrotropical realms.

Contents

Taxonomy and systematics

Phylogeny

The genus Ploceus was introduced by the French naturalist Georges Cuvier in 1816. [3] The type species was subsequently designated as the baya weaver. [4] The genus name is from Ancient Greek πλοκευς plokeus meaning "weaver", and is derived from the Greek word πλεκω plekō "to entwine". [5]

Based on recent DNA-analysis, the genus Ploceus is almost certainly polyphyletic. If all species currently included in the genus would remain and the genus would be made monophyletic, it would have to encompass the entire subfamily Ploceinae. The Ploceinae can be divided into two groups. In the first group, the widowbirds and bishops (genus Euplectes ) are sister to a clade in which the genera Foudia and Quelea are closest relatives and which further includes the Asiatic species of Ploceus, i.e. P. manyar, P. philippinus, P. benghalensis, P. megarhynchus, (and P. hypoxanthus, although untested). Since Georges Cuvier picked P. philippinus as the type species, these five species would logically remain assigned to the genus Ploceus.

Basic to the second group is a clade consisting of both species so far included in Ploceus that live on Madagascar, P. nelicourvi and P. sakalava, and these are morphologically very distinct from the remaining species. These two species could in future be assigned to the genus Nelicurvius that was erected by Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1850, but which was merged with Ploceus later on. This second group further contains the genera Malimbus and Anaplectes , and all remaining Ploceus species. As Malimbus is the earlier name, erected by Vieillot et al. in 1805, the remaining species of Ploceus, as well as Anaplectes rubiceps, could in future be assigned to Malimbus. [6] These changes are largely corroborated by morphological revisions. [7] [8] Provided that the other genera that have not been proposed to be merged into an extended "Malimbus" are monophyletic, the following (incomplete) tree expresses current insights.

subfamily Ploceinae

Species list

Speke's weaver (Ploceus spekei, below) and village weaver (Ploceus cucullatus subsp. nigriceps) The birds of Africa, comprising all the species which occur in the Ethiopian region (1896) (14745658961).jpg
Speke's weaver ( Ploceus spekei , below) and village weaver ( Ploceus cucullatus subsp. nigriceps)

The genus contains 67 species. [9]

ImageCommon nameScientific nameDistribution
Baglafecht Weaver - Tanzania 0106 (22850517295).jpg Baglafecht weaver Ploceus baglafechthighlands of equatorial Africa
Bannerman's Weaver (Ploceus bannermani).jpg Bannerman's weaver Ploceus bannermaniWestern High Plateau
OthyphantesBatesiGronvold.jpg Bates's weaver Ploceus batesiCameroon.
Black-chinned weaver Ploceus nigrimentusBailundu Highlands of western Angola, on the Batéké Plateau in Republic of the Congo, and in eastern Gabon.
HyphantornisBertrandiKeulemans.jpg Bertram's weaver Ploceus bertrandiMalawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia.
Slender billed weaver fem1.jpg Slender-billed weaver Ploceus pelzelniequatorial Africa
Loango Weaver iNaturalist, crop.jpg Loango weaver Ploceus subpersonatusmaritime Central Africa
Little Weaver - Baringo - Kenya NH8O1263 (22229369863).jpg Little weaver Ploceus luteoluswestern Sudan (region) and East Africa
Spectacled Weaver.jpg Spectacled weaver Ploceus ocularisSub-Saharan Africa (except west, south, Horn of Africa and Madagascar)
Ploceus nigricollis.jpeg Black-necked weaver Ploceus nigricollisequatorial Africa
Black-necked Weaver - Ghana S4E2483 (22458282099).jpg Olive-naped weaver Ploceus brachypterusWest Africa
Strange weaver.jpg Strange weaver Ploceus alienusAlbertine Rift montane forests.
Black-billed Weaver - Kakamega - Kenya 6 1635 (22227722834).jpg Black-billed weaver Ploceus melanogastercentral Africa.
Cape Weaver (44031839504).jpg Cape weaver Ploceus capensissouthern Africa.
The birds of Africa, comprising all the species which occur in the Ethiopian region (1896) (14748527162), Ploceus temporalis.jpg Bocage's weaver Ploceus temporalisAngola, southern Democratic Republic of the Congo and northwestern Zambia.
Eastern golden weaver - KwaZulu-Natal (8450712989).jpg Eastern golden weaver Ploceus subaureushighlands of eastern and south-eastern Africa.
Holub's golden weaver (Ploceus xanthops) (22561083782).jpg Holub's golden weaver Ploceus xanthopsmiombo and adjacent areas
Orange Weaver near Ankasa - Ghana 14 S4E2261 (15578575333).jpg Orange weaver Ploceus aurantiusAfrican tropical rainforest.
Heuglin's Masked Weaver specimen RWD.jpg Heuglin's masked weaver Ploceus heugliniSenegal, Gambia and Mali to Ivory Coast and east to Uganda and western Kenya.
Golden Palm Weaver - Meru - Kenya 06 8317 (22850470935).jpg Golden palm weaver Ploceus bojerieastern Africa.
Taveta Golden Weaver RWD.jpg Taveta weaver Ploceus castaneicepsAfrican Savannah in Kenya and Tanzania.
Principe golden weaver (Ploceus princeps) male.jpg Príncipe weaver Ploceus princepsSão Tomé and Príncipe
Northern Brown-throated Weaver (Ploceus castanops) (45671971275).jpg Northern brown-throated weaver Ploceus castanopsUganda, Rwanda and adjacent northern Burundi, eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, western Kenya and northwestern Tanzania.
Southern brown-throated weaver (Ploceus xanthopterus castaneigula) male.jpg Southern brown-throated weaver Ploceus xanthopterussouthern Africa.
Ruvu weaver Ploceus holoxanthusTanzania
Kilombero weaver Ploceus burnieriTanzania
Al-habbak.jpg Rüppell's weaver Ploceus galbulaeastern Africa and southwestern Arabian Peninsula
Northern masked weaver (Ploceus taeniopterus) male.jpg Northern masked weaver Ploceus taeniopterusDemocratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Sudan.
Black Headed Oriole (6290941942).jpg Lesser masked weaver Ploceus intermediuseastern, south-eastern and southern Africa.
Maskenwebervogel2, Version b.jpg Southern masked weaver Ploceus velatussouthern Africa.
20160605 0518 Bangweulu Tisserin du Katanga (cropped).jpg Katanga masked weaver Ploceus katangaesouth-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and northern Zambia.
Lufira masked weaver Ploceus ruwetiDemocratic Republic of the Congo.
Tanzanian masked weaver Ploceus reichardisouth-western Tanzania and north-eastern Zambia.
Vitelline Masked Weaver male RWD.jpg Vitelline masked weaver Ploceus vitellinuswestern, central and eastern Africa.
Speke's weaver (Ploceus spekei).jpg Speke's weaver Ploceus spekeinorthern and eastern Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, and north-eastern Tanzania
Fox's Weaver specimen RWD.jpg Fox's weaver Ploceus spekeoidesUganda.
Black-headed weaver (Ploceus cucullatus bohndorffi) male.jpg Village weaver Ploceus cucullatusSub-Saharan Africa; introduced to Hispaniola, Dominica, Mauritius and Réunion.
Ploceus grandis cropped.jpg Giant weaver Ploceus grandisSão Tomé Island.
Vieillot's black weaver (Ploceus nigerrimus castaneofuscus) male.jpg Chestnut-and-black weaver Ploceus castaneofuscusWest Africa
Viellot's Weaver - Kibale - Uganda 06 4155 (22850466945).jpg Vieillot's black weaver Ploceus nigerrimusCentral Africa
Weyns's Weaver specimen RWD.jpg Weyns's weaver Ploceus weynsieastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and north-western Tanzania.
Clarke's Weaver specimen RWD.jpg Kilifi weaver Ploceus golandiKenya.
Juba Weaver.jpg Juba weaver Ploceus dichrocephalusHorn of Africa.
Yellow backed weaver.jpg Black-headed weaver Ploceus melanocephalusWest, Central, and East Africa
Golden-backed Weaver - Baringo - Kenya NH8O1102 (28909840167).jpg Golden-backed weaver Ploceus jacksoniBurundi, Kenya, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Cinnamon weaver Ploceus badiusSudan and South Sudan
Chestnut weaver (Ploceus rubiginosus) male.jpg Chestnut weaver Ploceus rubiginosuseastern and south-western Africa.
Golden-naped weaver Ploceus aureonuchanortheastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Yellow-mantled Weaver - Kakum - Ghana 14 S4E2382 (16012589227).jpg Yellow-mantled weaver Ploceus tricolorAfrican tropical rainforest.
Maxwell's Black Weaver, Kakum, Ghana S4E1381, crop.jpg Maxwell's black weaver Ploceus albinuchaAfrican tropical rainforest.
Nelicourvi Weaver.jpg Nelicourvi weaver Ploceus nelicourviMadagascar
Sakalavawever 2.JPG Sakalava weaver Ploceus sakalavaMadagascar.
Asian Golden Weaver - Petchaburi - Thailand S4E4522 (14072230600) (2) (cropped).jpg Asian golden weaver Ploceus hypoxanthusCambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Compact Weaver - Kibale - Uganda 06 4363 (22432186368) (cropped).jpg Compact weaver Ploceus superciliosussparsely distributed across African tropical rainforest and adjacent areas
Blackbreastedweaver DSC 6530 040813 dadri.jpg Black-breasted weaver Ploceus benghalensisSouth Asia
Streaked Weaver (Ploceus manyar) (37514260752).jpg Streaked weaver Ploceus manyarBangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam
Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus male Breeding plumage by Dr. Raju Kasambe DSC 5420 (15).jpg Baya weaver Ploceus philippinusIndian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
Finn's Weaver Baur Reservoir Uttarand India 05.10.2014.jpg Finn's weaver Ploceus megarhynchusIndia and Nepal
Dark-backed weaver, Ploceus bicolor, also known as the forest weaver at Ndumo Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (28841131011).jpg Dark-backed weaver Ploceus bicolorSub-Saharan Africa (except west, south, Horn of Africa and Madagascar)
Original18.jpg Preuss's weaver Ploceus preussiCameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, DRC, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.
Yellow-capped weaver Ploceus dorsomaculatusCameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Gabon.
Olive-Headed Weaver (6885957391).jpg Olive-headed weaver Ploceus olivaceicepsMalawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia.
Usambara weaver Ploceus nicolliTanzania.
Brown-capped Weaver - Kakamega - Kenya 06 2716 (22227720784) (cropped).jpg Brown-capped weaver Ploceus insignisWestern High Plateau, Albertine Rift montane forests, Imatong Mountains and Kenya
Ploceus angolensis Keulemans.jpg Bar-winged weaver Ploceus angolensisAngola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Zambia.
Ploceus sanctithomae - Beitrag zur Ornithologie Westafrica's (cropped) (cropped).jpg São Tomé weaver Ploceus sanctithomaeSão Tomé and Príncipe.
Yellow-legged weaver Ploceus flavipesDemocratic Republic of the Congo.

References

  1. "Ploceidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
  2. "Ploceus". Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  3. Cuvier, Georges (1816). Le Règne animal distribué d'après son organisation : pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparée (in French). Vol. 1. Paris: Déterville. p. 383.
  4. Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr, eds. (1962). Check-list of birds of the world. Vol. 15. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 32.
  5. Jobling, J.A. (2018). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). "Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  6. De Silva, Thilina N.; Peterson, A. Townsend; Bates, John M.; Fernandoa, Sumudu W.; Girard, Matthew G. (2017). "Phylogenetic relationships of weaverbirds (Aves: Ploceidae): A first robust phylogeny based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 109: 21–32. Bibcode:2017MolPE.109...21D. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.013. PMID   28012957. S2CID   205841906.
  7. Wolters, H.E. (1970). "On the generic classification of the weaver-birds of the Malimbus-Ploceus group" (PDF). Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society. 23: 369–391.
  8. Del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D. (2010). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 15. Weavers to New World Warblers. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.
  9. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (December 2023). "Old World sparrows, snowfinches, weavers". IOC World Bird List Version 14.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 9 February 2024.