Crithagra

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Crithagra
Brimstone Canary RWD1.jpg
Male brimstone canary (Crithagra sulphurata sharpii)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Fringillidae
Subfamily: Carduelinae
Genus: Crithagra
Swainson, 1827
Type species
Loxia sulphurata [1]
Linnaeus, 1766
Species

See text

Crithagra is a genus of small passerine birds in the finch family (Fringillidae). They live in Africa and Arabia.

The species in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Serinus , but phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic. [2] It was therefore split into two monophyletic genera. Eight species, including the European serin (Serinus serinus), were retained in Serinus, while the other species were assigned to the resurrected genus Crithagra. [3]

Species

The genus was introduced in 1827 by the English ornithologist William John Swainson. [4] The type species was subsequently designated as the brimstone canary. [5] The name comes from the classical Greek krithē for "barley" and agra for "hunting". [6]

The genus contains 37 species: [3]

ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Crithagra rufobrunnea thomensis 212303396.jpg Príncipe seedeater Crithagra rufobrunneaSão Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé grosbeak Crithagra concolorSão Tomé
African Citril - Naivasha - Kenya 06 9856 (22621619658).jpg African citril Crithagra citrinelloidesEthiopia, Eritrea to western Kenya.
Crithagra frontalis (cropped).jpg Western citril Crithagra frontaliscentral Africa
Crithagra hyposticta RWD.jpg Southern citril Crithagra hypostictaSouth Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia and Malawi.
Crithagra capistrata 746769.jpg Black-faced canary Crithagra capistrataAngola, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and Zambia.
Papyrus Canary - Uganda MG 1468 (23040012745) (cropped).jpg Papyrus canary Crithagra koliensisBurundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda
Forest Canary (Serinus scotops) facing left, side view.jpg Forest canary Crithagra scotopsCameroon, Congo, and Kenya.
White-rumped Seedeater - Gambia (32270398890).jpg White-rumped seedeater Crithagra leucopygiaSudan
Serinus atrogularis -Opuwo, Namibia-8.jpg Black-throated canary Crithagra atrogularisAngola, Botswana, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Kenya, Lesotho, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Yellow-rumped seedeater Crithagra xanthopygiaEritrea, Kenya and Ethiopia.
Reichenow's Seedeater - Kenya IMG 3223 (22418794463).jpg Reichenow's seedeater Crithagra reichenowieastern Africa
Arabian Serin.jpg Arabian serin Crithagra rothschildiwestern Saudi Arabia and Yemen
Yellow-throated seedeater Crithagra flavigulaEthiopia.
Salvadori's Serin Serinus xantholaemus, Sof Omar.jpg Salvadori's seedeater Crithagra xantholaemaEthiopia.
Lemon-breasted canary, Crithagra citrinipectus, near Pafuri in Kruger National Park, South Africa (26265068286).jpg Lemon-breasted canary Crithagra citrinipectusMalawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Yellow-fronted canary (Crithagra mozambica tando).jpg Yellow-fronted canary Crithagra mozambicaAfrica south of the Sahara Desert.
White-bellied Canary - Samburu - Kenya S4E5349 (22621674067).jpg White-bellied canary Crithagra dorsostriataEthiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Ankober serin Crithagra ankoberensisEthiopia
Yemen Serin.jpg Yemen serin Crithagra menachensisOman, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen.
Cape Siskin, Rooi Els, South Africa.jpg Cape siskin Crithagra tottaSouth Africa.
Male Drakensberg Siskin 2019 01 27 10 25 20 1129cr.jpg Drakensberg siskin Crithagra symonsiSouth Africa,
Northern grosbeak-canary Crithagra donaldsoniEthiopia, Kenya, and Somalia.
Southern Grosbeak-Canary (Crithagra buchanani).jpg Southern grosbeak-canary Crithagra buchananiKenya and Tanzania.
Serinus flaviventris -Great Karoo, Northern Cape, South Africa -adult male-8.jpg Yellow canary Crithagra flaviventrissouthern Africa
Brimstone Canary RWD1.jpg Brimstone canary Crithagra sulphuratacentral and southern Africa.
Reichard's Seedeater (Serinus reichardi) (17558998772).jpg Stripe-breasted seedeater Crithagra striatipectus [7] Sudan, Ethiopia, and Kenya.
Reichard's seedeater Crithagra reichardiZambia, Malawi and Tanzania
Streaky-headed Seedeater (Serinus gularis).jpg Streaky-headed seedeater Crithagra gularissouthern Africa.
West African seedeater Crithagra canicapillaGuinea, Sierra Leone, southern Mali and northern Ivory Coast across to southern Niger and northern Cameroon
Crithagra mennelli, Muanza, Sofala-provinsie, Birding Weto, a.jpg Black-eared seedeater Crithagra mennelliAngola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Serinus tristriatus -Ethiopia-8.jpg Brown-rumped seedeater Crithagra tristriataEthiopia, Eritrea and Somalia.
White-throated canary (Crithagra albogularis crocopygia), crop.jpg White-throated canary Crithagra albogularisAngola, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa.
Thick-billed Seedeater.jpg Thick-billed seedeater Crithagra burtoniAngola, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Streaky Seedeater, Ngorongoro Crater (8495906768).jpg Streaky seedeater Crithagra striolataBurundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.
Yellow-browed seedeater Crithagra whytiiMalawi, Tanzania, and Zambia.
Kipengere seedeater Crithagra melanochroaTanzania
Crithagra leucoptera 15690336.jpg Protea canary Crithagra leucopteraSouth Africa.

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References

  1. "Fringillidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
  2. Zuccon, Dario; Prŷs-Jones, Robert; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Ericson, Per G.P. (2012). "The phylogenetic relationships and generic limits of finches (Fringillidae)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62 (2): 581–596. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.002. PMID   22023825.
  3. 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Finches, euphonias". World Bird List Version 5.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
  4. Swainson, William (1827). "On several forms in ornithology not hitherto defined". Zoological Journal. 3: 348.
  5. Dickinson, E.C.; Christidis, L., eds. (2014). The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Vol. 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 329. ISBN   978-0-9568611-2-2.
  6. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p.  122. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.
  7. "Species Updates – IOC World Bird List" . Retrieved 2021-06-18.