1954 United States Senate election in Arkansas

Last updated

1954 U.S. Senate Democratic primary in Arkansas
Flag of Arkansas (1924-2011).svg
  1948 July 27, 1954 1960  
  John L McClellan.png Sid mcmath1.JPG
Nominee John L. McClellan Sid McMath
Party Democratic Democratic
Popular vote164,905127,941
Percentage56.3%43.7%

U.S. senator before election

John L. McClellan
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

John L. McClellan
Democratic

The 1954 United States Senate election in Arkansas took place on November 2, 1954. Incumbent U.S. Senator John L. McClellan was re-elected to a third term in office, after defeating a primary challenge from former Governor of Arkansas Sid McMath.

Contents

Because the Republican Party (or any other party) did not field a candidate in the general election, McClellan's primary victory was tantamount to election.

Background

In 1952, incumbent Governor of Arkansas Sid McMath was defeated in a hotly contested Democratic primary by judge Francis Cherry, who went on to win the election in the landslide fashion typical of Southern Democrats at the time. McMath, a young political liberal, blamed his defeat on his own refusal to acquiesce to "power interests" in the state, specifically his plan for a farmer-owned Ozark steam generating plant. [1] McMath claimed that representatives of the "power interests" had offered him political support if he would drop his support for the plan, but he declined. [1]

McMath had been identified as an aspirant to the Senate as early as his 1949 inauguration as Governor. [2] He announced a campaign against Senator John L. McClellan in early 1954; McClellan, who openly supported Cherry in 1952, [3] had not faced a serious political challenge since he won the seat in 1942. [2]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Campaign

McMath began the campaign for the nomination aggressively, while McClellan made every effort to ignore his opposition and emphasize his own record as Senator, [1] including the provision of various public works and the preservation of federal installations within Arkansas. [5] Two other candidates entered the race without directly challenging McClellan. Paul Chambers, a Democratic National Committeeman, engaged in a "questio-thon," conducting interviews on various local radio stations. Leonard Ellis ran no active campaign. [5]

The campaign shaped up as personally as well as ideologically bitter; McMath attacked McClellan for his age and ideological conservatism, charging that the Senator favored "the corporations over the people" and was in the thrall of "Texas oil millionaires." [2] He doubled down on these accusations by calling McClellan "an errand boy for the big interests." McMath himself was identified as "a thoroughgoing Fair Dealer;" he had campaigned for President Truman throughout the South in 1948 (despite Dixiecrat opposition) and received Truman's endorsement in his failed 1952 re-election campaign. [2] In particular, he criticized two key votes McClellan had cast: one to grant title to oil tidelands to individual coastal states (thus depriving Arkansas of access) and one to provide Germany funds to repay its pre-World War II bonds. [5]

McMath challenged McClellan to a series of joint debates in mid-April, but McClellan initially declined to respond. [2]

Upon eventually entering the fray in July, [5] McClellan said that McMath's 1952 defeat had ended his career in politics, telling voters that McMath should have "crawl[ed] into a political hole" after being repudiated by 100,000 votes. [1] McClellan also criticized McMath's record as Governor, blaming him for a $4,500,000 net increase in utility rates. [1] Governor Cherry, who faced broad opposition for his second term, initially vowed to stay out of the contest but campaigned with McClellan in the final stages. [3] [4]

McMath, who relied on support from the state's organized labor movement, faced a setback late in the campaign when several former labor leaders criticized him for "playing labor for a sucker" in a newspaper advertisement. [4]

Results

1954 Democratic U.S. Senate primary results [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic John L. McClellan (inc.) 164,905 56.31%
Democratic Sid McMath127,94143.69%
Total votes292,846 100.00%

General election

Results

McClellan was unopposed in the general election.

1954 Democratic U.S. Senate primary results [7]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic John L. McClellan (inc.) 291,058 100.00%
Total votes291,058 100.00%

See also

1954 United States Senate elections

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orval Faubus</span> Governor of Arkansas from 1955 to 1967

Orval Eugene Faubus was an American politician who served as the 36th Governor of Arkansas from 1955 to 1967, as a member of the Democratic Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sid McMath</span> 34th governor of Arkansas (1912–2003)

Sidney Sanders McMath was a U.S. marine, attorney and the 34th governor of Arkansas from 1949 to 1953. In defiance of his state's political establishment, he championed rapid rural electrification, massive highway and school construction, the building of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, strict bank and utility regulation, repeal of the poll tax, open and honest elections and broad expansion of opportunity for black citizens in the decade following World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Homer Martin Adkins</span> 32nd Governor of Arkansas (1890–1964)

Homer Martin Adkins was an American businessman and Democratic politician who served as the 32nd Governor of Arkansas. Adkins is remembered as a skilled retail politician and a strong states' rights proponent and social conservative who served as governor during a period when Arkansas departed from several national economic and societal trends. The Adkins administration fought federal influence in Arkansas during the post-New Deal era; successfully courting federal wartime production investment, during World War II, while battling the federal resettlement of Japanese-Americans in the state and Supreme Court civil rights decisions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John L. McClellan</span> American lawyer, politician, and U.S. Senator from Arkansas

John Little McClellan was an American lawyer and a segregationist politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a U.S. Representative (1935–1939) and a U.S. Senator (1943–1977) from Arkansas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1966 United States Senate elections</span>

The 1966 United States Senate elections were elections on November 8, 1966 for the United States Senate which occurred midway through the second term of President Lyndon B. Johnson. The 33 seats of Class 2 were contested in regular elections. Special elections were also held to fill vacancies. With divisions in the Democratic base over the Vietnam War, and with the traditional mid-term advantage of the party not holding the presidency, the Republicans took three Democratic seats. Despite Republican gains, the balance remained overwhelmingly in favor of the Democrats, who retained a 64–36 majority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1960 United States Senate elections</span>

The 1960 United States Senate elections coincided with the election of John F. Kennedy as president on November 8, 1960. The 33 seats of Class 2 were contested in regular elections. A special election was also held on June 28, 1960, for a mid-term vacancy in North Dakota. The Republicans gained two seats at the expense of the Democrats. However, Republican Senator-elect Edwin Keith Thomson of Wyoming died December 9, 1960, and was replaced by appointee Democratic John J. Hickey at the beginning of the Congress, reducing Republican gains to one seat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1958 United States Senate elections</span>

The 1958 United States Senate elections were elections for the United States Senate which occurred in the middle of President Dwight D. Eisenhower's second term. Thirty-two seats of Class 1 were contested in regular elections, the new state of Alaska held its first Senate elections for its Class 2 and 3 seats, and two special elections were held to fill vacancies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William A. Purtell</span> American politician (1897–1978)

William Arthur Purtell was an American businessman and politician. A member of the Republican Party, he represented Connecticut in the United States Senate in 1952 and from 1953 to 1959.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 United States Senate election in Arkansas</span>

The 2010 United States Senate election in Arkansas took place on November 2, 2010 alongside other elections to the United States Senate in other states, as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

Henry Woods was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1958 United States Senate election in Utah</span>

The 1958 United States Senate election in Utah was held on November 4, 1958.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1996 United States Senate election in Arkansas</span>

The 1996 United States Senate election in Arkansas was held on November 5, 1996. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator David Pryor decided to retire. Republican Tim Hutchinson won the open seat, becoming the first Republican to win a U.S. Senate seat in Arkansas since Reconstruction in 1872 and the first to ever be popularly elected in the state. He was the first to win this seat since 1870.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1980 United States Senate election in Arkansas</span>

The 1980 United States Senate election in Arkansas was held on November 4, 1980. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Dale Bumpers won re-election to a second term. This election was Bumpers' closest election in his senatorial career.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1952 United States Senate election in Arizona</span>

The 1952 United States Senate election in Arizona was held on November 4, 1952. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator and Senate Majority Leader Ernest McFarland ran for re-election to a third term, but was defeated by the Republican nominee and future candidate for President of the United States, Barry Goldwater.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1966 United States Senate election in Arkansas</span>

The 1966 United States Senate election in Arkansas took place on November 8, 1966. Incumbent U.S. Senator John L. McClellan was re-elected to a fifth term in office.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1972 United States Senate election in Arkansas</span>

The 1972 United States Senate election in Arkansas took place on November 7, 1972. Incumbent U.S. Senator John L. McClellan was re-elected to a sixth term in office, defeating U.S. Representative David Pryor in a hotly contested primary. In the general election, McClellan easily defeated Republican physician Wayne Babbitt. This was McClellan's final campaign; he died in his sleep in 1977. Pryor was elected Governor of Arkansas in 1974 and won the race to succeed McClellan in 1978.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1948 United States presidential election in Arkansas</span> Election in Arkansas

The 1948 United States presidential election in Arkansas took place on November 2, 1948, as part of the 1948 United States presidential election. State voters chose nine representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. This would be the last presidential election where Arkansas had nine electoral votes: the Great Migration would see the state lose three congressional districts in the next decade-and-a-half.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1954 Arkansas gubernatorial election</span>

The 1954 Arkansas gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1954.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1952 Arkansas gubernatorial election</span>

The 1952 Arkansas gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1952.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1948 Arkansas gubernatorial election</span>

The 1948 Arkansas gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1948.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Charges Flare in Senatorial Campaign" . Hope Star . Associated Press. July 26, 1954. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Hatch, Leon (April 19, 1954). "Long, Hot Political Summer in Store for State with Senate Battle at Top" . Hope Star . Associated Press . Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  3. 1 2 "Gov. Cherry Won't Stump for Tax Plan" . Blytheville Courier News . January 4, 1954. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 "Candidates in Final Appeal for Support" . Hope Star . July 26, 1954. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Sen. McClellan Ready to Return Opponents' Fire on Some Issues" . Blytheville Courier News . Associated Press. July 20, 1954. p. 1. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  6. Arkansas Secretary of State Mark Martin (2018). "Historical Report of the Secretary of State" (PDF). p. 357.
  7. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives (1955). "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8', 1954" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office.