ALPI

ALPI
Identifiers
Aliases	ALPI , IAP, alkaline phosphatase, intestinal
External IDs	OMIM: 171740; MGI: 87984; HomoloGene: 134333; GeneCards: ALPI; OMA:ALPI - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human) [1] Band 2q37.1 Start 232,456,125 bp [1] End 232,460,753 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) [2] Band 1 C5|1 44.06 cM Start 87,052,695 bp [2] End 87,055,634 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in jejunal mucosa duodenum mucosa of ileum mucosa of transverse colon rectum human kidney muscle tissue smooth muscle tissue appendix gallbladder Top expressed in duodenum embryo jejunum temporal muscle upper arm secretory cell colon triceps brachii muscle mucous cell of stomach midbrain tectum More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protease binding phosphatase activity zinc ion binding protein binding catalytic activity hydrolase activity magnesium ion binding metal ion binding alkaline phosphatase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane anchored component of membrane membrane extracellular region plasma membrane Biological process metabolism dephosphorylation phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process digestion Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 248 11648 Ensembl ENSG00000163295 ENSMUSG00000036500 UniProt P09923 P24822 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001631 NM_007432 RefSeq (protein) NP_001622 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 232.46 – 232.46 Mb Chr 1: 87.05 – 87.06 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Alkaline phosphatase, intestinal, also known as ALPI, is a type of alkaline phosphatase that in humans is encoded by the ALPI gene. ^{[5] [6]}

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase is an endogenous enzyme that maintains gut homeostasis. It detoxifyies bacterial toxins, dephosphorylates phosphorylated nucleotides, regulates lipid absorption in the intestine, and regulates the microbiome in the intestine. ^[7] In addition to these functions, intestinal alkaline phosphatase can also modulate bicarbonate secretion and can modulate the pH of the duodenum. ^[8]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000163295 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000036500 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Berger J, Garattini E, Hua JC, Udenfriend S (February 1987). "Cloning and sequencing of human intestinal alkaline phosphatase cDNA". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (3): 695–698. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84..695B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.3.695 . PMC   304282 . PMID   3468508.
6. Henthorn PS, Raducha M, Edwards YH, Weiss MJ, Slaughter C, Lafferty MA, Harris H (March 1987). "Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of human intestinal alkaline phosphatase: close homology to placental alkaline phosphatase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (5): 1234–1238. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.1234H. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.5.1234 . PMC   304401 . PMID   3469665.
7. Fawley J, Gourlay DM (May 2016). "Intestinal alkaline phosphatase: a summary of its role in clinical disease". The Journal of Surgical Research. 202 (1): 225–234. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2015.12.008. PMC   4834149 . PMID   27083970.
8. Lallès JP (June 2010). "Intestinal alkaline phosphatase: multiple biological roles in maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and modulation by diet". Nutrition Reviews. 68 (6): 323–332. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00292.x . PMID   20536777.

External links

• Human ALPI genome location and ALPI gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .

Further reading

• Hirasaka K, Tokuoka K, Nakao R, Yamada C, Oarada M, Imagawa T, et al. (April 2008). "Cathepsin C propeptide interacts with intestinal alkaline phosphatase and heat shock cognate protein 70 in human Caco-2 cells". The Journal of Physiological Sciences. 58 (2): 105–111. doi: 10.2170/physiolsci.RP013007 . PMID   18307834.
• Mahmood A, Shao JS, Alpers DH (August 2003). "Rat enterocytes secrete SLPs containing alkaline phosphatase and cubilin in response to corn oil feeding". American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 285 (2): G433 –G441. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00466.2002. PMID   12660142. S2CID   30731288.
• Wada A, Wang AP, Isomoto H, Satomi Y, Takao T, Takahashi A, et al. (January 2005). "Placental and intestinal alkaline phosphatases are receptors for Aeromonas sobria hemolysin". International Journal of Medical Microbiology. 294 (7): 427–435. doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2004.09.012. PMID   15715171.
• Nakano T, Inoue I, Alpers DH, Akiba Y, Katayama S, Shinozaki R, et al. (July 2009). "Role of lysophosphatidylcholine in brush-border intestinal alkaline phosphatase release and restoration". American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 297 (1): G207 –G214. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.90590.2008. PMC   3817256 . PMID   19407215.
• Malo MS, Zhang W, Alkhoury F, Pushpakaran P, Abedrapo MA, Mozumder M, et al. (August 2004). "Thyroid hormone positively regulates the enterocyte differentiation marker intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene via an atypical response element". Molecular Endocrinology. 18 (8): 1941–1962. doi: 10.1210/me.2003-0351 . PMID   15143152.
• Rump A, Kasper G, Hayes C, Wen G, Starke H, Liehr T, et al. (April 2001). "Complex arrangement of genes within a 220-kb region of double-duplicated DNA on human 2q37.1". Genomics. 73 (1): 50–55. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6504. PMID   11352565.
• Nauli AM, Zheng S, Yang Q, Li R, Jandacek R, Tso P (April 2003). "Intestinal alkaline phosphatase release is not associated with chylomicron formation". American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 284 (4): G583 –G587. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00482.2002. PMID   12466148.
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, et al. (January 2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC   1356129 . PMID   16344560.
• Alkhoury F, Malo MS, Mozumder M, Mostafa G, Hodin RA (August 2005). "Differential regulation of intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene expression by Cdx1 and Cdx2". American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 289 (2): G285 –G290. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00037.2005. PMID   15774940.
• Giatromanolaki A, Sivridis E, Maltezos E, Koukourakis MI (December 2002). "Down-regulation of intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase in the tumor vasculature and stroma provides a strong basis for explaining amifostine selectivity". Seminars in Oncology. 29 (6 Suppl 19): 14–21. doi:10.1053/sonc.2002.37356. PMID   12577238.
• Torres MI, Lorite P, López-Casado MA, Ríos A (2007). "A new approach using tissue alkaline phosphatase histochemistry to identify Crohn's disease". Pathology, Research and Practice. 203 (6): 485–487. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2007.02.003. PMID   17498884.
• Hinnebusch BF, Siddique A, Henderson JW, Malo MS, Zhang W, Athaide CP, et al. (January 2004). "Enterocyte differentiation marker intestinal alkaline phosphatase is a target gene of the gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor". American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 286 (1): G23 –G30. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00203.2003. PMID   12919939.
• Le Du MH, Millan JL (December 2002). "Structural evidence of functional divergence in human alkaline phosphatases". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (51): 49808–49814. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M207394200 . PMID   12372831.
• Goldberg RF, Austen WG, Zhang X, Munene G, Mostafa G, Biswas S, et al. (March 2008). "Intestinal alkaline phosphatase is a gut mucosal defense factor maintained by enteral nutrition". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (9): 3551–3556. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.3551G. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0712140105 . PMC   2265168 . PMID   18292227.
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, et al. (August 2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (33): 12130–12135. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10112130B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . PMC   514446 . PMID   15302935.
• Olsen L, Bressendorff S, Troelsen JT, Olsen J (August 2005). "Differentiation-dependent activation of the human intestinal alkaline phosphatase promoter by HNF-4 in intestinal cells". American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 289 (2): G220 –G226. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00449.2004. PMID   15831710. S2CID   16852841.
• Fumoto K, Hoogenraad CC, Kikuchi A (December 2006). "GSK-3beta-regulated interaction of BICD with dynein is involved in microtubule anchorage at centrosome". The EMBO Journal. 25 (24): 5670–5682. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601459. PMC   1698904 . PMID   17139249.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC   1847948 . PMID   17353931.