Eosinophils, sometimes called eosinophiles or, less commonly, acidophils, are a variety of white blood cells and one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain infections in vertebrates. Along with mast cells and basophils, they also control mechanisms associated with allergy and asthma. They are granulocytes that develop during hematopoiesis in the bone marrow before migrating into blood, after which they are terminally differentiated and do not multiply.
Ribonuclease is a type of nuclease that catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller components. Ribonucleases can be divided into endoribonucleases and exoribonucleases, and comprise several sub-classes within the EC 2.7 and 3.1 classes of enzymes.
Eosinophil major basic protein, often shortened to major basic protein is encoded in humans by the PRG2 gene.
Angiogenin (Ang) also known as ribonuclease 5 is a small 123 amino acid protein that in humans is encoded by the ANG gene. Angiogenin is a potent stimulator of new blood vessels through the process of angiogenesis. Ang hydrolyzes cellular RNA, resulting in modulated levels of protein synthesis and interacts with DNA causing a promoter-like increase in the expression of rRNA. Ang is associated with cancer and neurological disease through angiogenesis and through activating gene expression that suppresses apoptosis.
Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 also known as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) or cluster of differentiation 106 (CD106) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VCAM1 gene. VCAM-1 functions as a cell adhesion molecule.
Pappalysin-1, also known as pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, is a protein encoded by the PAPPA gene in humans. PAPPA is a secreted protease whose main substrate is insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Pappalysin-1 is also used in screening tests for Down syndrome.
Pancreatic ribonucleases are pyrimidine-specific endonucleases found in high quantity in the pancreas of certain mammals and of some reptiles.
Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) also known as ribonuclease 3 is a basic protein located in the eosinophil primary matrix. In humans, the eosinophil cationic protein is encoded by the RNASE3 gene.
Azurocidin also known as cationic antimicrobial protein CAP37 or heparin-binding protein (HBP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AZU1 gene.
Ribonuclease pancreatic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASE1 gene.
Galectin-10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CLC gene.
Ribonuclease inhibitor is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNH1 gene.
Ribonucleases P/MRP protein subunit POP1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POP1 gene.
Ribonuclease P/MRP protein subunit POP5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POP5 gene.
Ribonuclease P protein subunit p38 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RPP38 gene.
Ribonuclease UK114 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HRSP12 gene.
Ribonuclease 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASE4 gene.
Sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPACA3 gene. It may be involved in adhesion to the egg before the egg is fertilized.
Ribonuclease H1 also known as RNase H1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASEH1 gene. The RNase H1 is a non-specific endonuclease and catalyzes the cleavage of RNA via a hydrolytic mechanism.
Ribonuclease H2 subunit A, also known as RNase H2 subunit A, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASEH2A gene.
