Archostemata

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Archostemata
Temporal range: Late Permian–Recent
Tenomerga mucida01.jpg
Tenomerga mucida
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Archostemata
Kolbe, 1908
Families

Crowsoniellidae
Cupedidae
Jurodidae
Micromalthidae
Ommatidae

Contents

The Archostemata are the smallest suborder of beetles, consisting 45 living species in five families. [1] They are an ancient lineage with a number of primitive characteristics. Antennae may be thread-shaped (filiform) or like a string of beads (moniliform). This suborder also contains the only beetles where both sexes are paedogenic, Micromalthus debilis . Modern archostematan beetles are considered rare, but were more diverse during the Mesozoic. The term "Archostemata" is used more broadly by some authors to include both modern archostematans as well as stem-group beetles like "protocoleopterans", which some modern archostematans closely resemble to due to their plesiomorphic morphology. [2] Genetic research suggests that modern archostematans are a monophyletic group. Some genetic studies have recovered archostematans as the sister group of Myxophaga. [1]

Taxonomy

There are five extant families. [3] [4]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Metaxina</i> Genus of beetles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Promecheilidae</span> Family of beetles

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References

  1. 1 2 Hörnschemeyer, Thomas (July 2009). "The species-level phylogeny of archostematan beetles—where do Micromalthus debilis and Crowsoniella relicta belong?". Systematic Entomology. 34 (3): 533–558. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00476.x. S2CID   84795808.
  2. Boudinot, Brendon Elias; Yan, Evgeny Viktorovich; Prokop, Jakub; Luo, Xiao‐Zhu; Beutel, Rolf Georg (2022-07-28). "Permian parallelisms: Reanalysis of †Tshekardocoleidae sheds light on the earliest evolution of the Coleoptera". Systematic Entomology. 48: 69–96. doi: 10.1111/syen.12562 . ISSN   0307-6970. S2CID   251171914.
  3. Patrice Bouchard; Yves Bousquet; Anthony E. Davies; Miguel A. Alonso-Zarazaga; John F. Lawrence; Chris H. C. Lyal; Alfred F. Newton; Chris A. M. Reid; Michael Schmitt; S. Adam Ślipiński; Andrew B. T. Smith (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys (88): 1–972. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.88.807 . PMC   3088472 . PMID   21594053.
  4. Bouchard, P.; Bousquet, Y. (2020). "Additions and corrections to "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)"". ZooKeys (922): 65–139. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.922.46367 . PMC   7113323 . PMID   32256157.