Gray County, Kansas

Gray County
County
Former Gray County Courthouse in Cimarron (2015)
Location within the U.S. state of Kansas
Kansas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 37°44′00″N100°25′59″W / 37.7333°N 100.433°W / 37.7333; -100.433
Country	United States
State	Kansas
Founded	March 13, 1881
Named for	Alfred Gray
Seat	Cimarron
Largest city	Cimarron
Area
• Total	869 sq mi (2,250 km2)
• Land	869 sq mi (2,250 km2)
• Water	0.4 sq mi (1 km2)  0.05%
Population  (2020) [1]
• Total	5,653
• Density	6.5/sq mi (2.5/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	1st
Website	GrayCo.org

Gray County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat and most populous city is Cimarron. ^[2] As of the 2020 census, the county population was 5,653. ^[1] The county was named after Alfred Gray, a 19th century Kansas politician.

History

See also: History of Kansas

For millennia, the Great Plains of North America were inhabited by nomadic Native Americans.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state.

Gray County was founded in 1881 and named for Alfred Gray. ^[3] Between 1887 and 1893, a county seat war took place in Gray County that involved several notable Old West figures, such as Bat Masterson, Bill Tilghman, and Ben Daniels. As a result of the dispute, Cimarron became the permanent county seat of Gray County. ^[4]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 869 square miles (2,250 km²), of which 869 square miles (2,250 km²) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km²) (0.05%) is water. ^[5]

Since 2001, NextEra Energy Resources has operated the largest wind farm in Kansas—170 turbines with a generating capacity of 110 megawatts—on a 12,000-acre (49 km²) site near Montezuma. ^[6]

Adjacent counties

• Finney County (north)
• Hodgeman County (northeast)
• Ford County (east)
• Meade County (south)
• Haskell County (west)

Demographics

Population pyramid based on 2000 census age data

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1890	2,415		—
1900	1,264		−47.7%
1910	3,121		146.9%
1920	4,711		50.9%
1930	6,211		31.8%
1940	4,773		−23.2%
1950	4,894		2.5%
1960	4,380		−10.5%
1970	4,516		3.1%
1980	5,138		13.8%
1990	5,396		5.0%
2000	5,904		9.4%
2010	6,006		1.7%
2020	5,653		−5.9%
2023 (est.)	5,743	[7]	1.6%
U.S. Decennial Census [8] 1790–1960 [9] 1900–1990 [10] 1990–2000 [11] 2010–2020 [1]

As of the 2000 census, ^[12] there were 5,904 people, 2,045 households, and 1,556 families residing in the county. The population density was 7 people per square mile (2.7 people/km²). There were 2,181 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile (0.77/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 92.31% White, 0.46% Native American, 0.19% Black or African American, 0.10% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 5.42% from other races, and 1.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.81% of the population.

There were 2,045 households, out of which 42.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.70% were married couples living together, 5.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.90% were non-families. 21.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.31.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 31.60% under the age of 18, 8.30% from 18 to 24, 27.30% from 25 to 44, 20.20% from 45 to 64, and 12.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 100.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $40,000, and the median income for a family was $45,299. Males had a median income of $31,519 versus $21,563 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,632. About 6.50% of families and 9.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.80% of those under age 18 and 8.00% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

Gray County has by far the highest percentage of adherents of the Church of God in Christ, Mennonite in the US. There were 1,032 members of the Church in Gray County in 2010, which is 17.18% of the population. It is the largest Church in the county. ^[13]

Government

Presidential elections

Gray county is often carried easily by Republican candidates. The last time a Democratic candidate carried this county was in 1976 by Jimmy Carter.

Presidential election results

United States presidential election results for Gray County, Kansas ^[14]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2024	1,799	83.67%	319	14.84%	32	1.49%
2020	1,911	83.52%	341	14.90%	36	1.57%
2016	1,698	82.19%	263	12.73%	105	5.08%
2012	1,603	81.87%	324	16.55%	31	1.58%
2008	1,643	77.54%	436	20.58%	40	1.89%
2004	1,816	80.89%	408	18.17%	21	0.94%
2000	1,631	75.51%	482	22.31%	47	2.18%
1996	1,457	71.53%	404	19.83%	176	8.64%
1992	1,039	47.81%	443	20.39%	691	31.80%
1988	1,180	61.55%	696	36.31%	41	2.14%
1984	1,580	74.32%	514	24.18%	32	1.51%
1980	1,310	63.68%	583	28.34%	164	7.97%
1976	837	42.08%	1,111	55.86%	41	2.06%
1972	1,235	69.15%	511	28.61%	40	2.24%
1968	952	55.25%	612	35.52%	159	9.23%
1964	643	35.86%	1,136	63.36%	14	0.78%
1960	1,150	60.56%	744	39.18%	5	0.26%
1956	1,278	66.77%	627	32.76%	9	0.47%
1952	1,515	73.51%	537	26.06%	9	0.44%
1948	1,035	53.68%	869	45.07%	24	1.24%
1944	1,057	57.01%	775	41.80%	22	1.19%
1940	1,056	51.87%	962	47.25%	18	0.88%
1936	764	34.34%	1,459	65.57%	2	0.09%
1932	910	39.27%	1,348	58.18%	59	2.55%
1928	1,294	67.47%	606	31.60%	18	0.94%
1924	959	59.34%	463	28.65%	194	12.00%
1920	962	62.18%	507	32.77%	78	5.04%
1916	660	38.66%	889	52.08%	158	9.26%
1912	112	15.95%	243	34.62%	347	49.43%
1908	372	46.79%	338	42.52%	85	10.69%
1904	285	64.48%	113	25.57%	44	9.95%
1900	188	55.79%	145	43.03%	4	1.19%
1896	153	53.50%	133	46.50%	0	0.00%
1892	274	54.37%	0	0.00%	230	45.63%
1888	417	53.81%	268	34.58%	90	11.61%

Laws

Although the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 to allow the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with the approval of voters, Gray County has remained a prohibition, or "dry", county. ^[15]

Education

Unified school districts

• Cimarron–Ensign USD 102
• Montezuma USD 371
• Copeland USD 476
• Ingalls USD 477

Communities

2005 map of Gray County (map legend)

List of townships / incorporated cities / unincorporated communities / extinct former communities within Gray County. ^[16]

Cities and Towns

• Cimarron (county seat)
• Copeland
• Ensign
• Ingalls
• Montezuma

Unincorporated communities

• Charleston
• Haggard

Townships

Gray County is divided into seven townships. None of the cities within the county are considered governmentally independent, and all figures for the townships include those of the cities. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

Township	FIPS	Population center	Population	Population density /km2 (/sq mi)	Land area km2 (sq mi)	Water area km2 (sq mi)	Water %	Geographic coordinates
Cimarron	13300	Cimarron	2,379	9 (24)	254 (98)	0 (0)	0.03%	37°48′22″N100°20′52″W / 37.80611°N 100.34778°W / 37.80611; -100.34778
Copeland	15500	Copeland	540	2 (6)	233 (90)	0 (0)	0.15%	37°33′57″N100°37′14″W / 37.56583°N 100.62056°W / 37.56583; -100.62056
East Hess	19525		372	1 (3)	281 (108)	0 (0)	0.03%	37°37′45″N100°15′39″W / 37.62917°N 100.26083°W / 37.62917; -100.26083
Foote	23675		126	0 (1)	310 (120)	0 (0)	0.02%	37°55′44″N100°20′46″W / 37.92889°N 100.34611°W / 37.92889; -100.34611
Ingalls	34250		646	2 (5)	349 (135)	0 (0)	0.03%	37°47′43″N100°30′23″W / 37.79528°N 100.50639°W / 37.79528; -100.50639
Logan	41900		216	1 (2)	309 (119)	0 (0)	0.04%	37°55′20″N100°33′52″W / 37.92222°N 100.56444°W / 37.92222; -100.56444
Montezuma	47900	Montezuma	1,625	3 (8)	514 (198)	0 (0)	0.07%	37°35′56″N100°26′11″W / 37.59889°N 100.43639°W / 37.59889; -100.43639
Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. Archived from the original on August 2, 2002.

See also

• Kansas portal

• Dry counties

Community information for Kansas

• Kansas locations by per capita income
• List of counties in Kansas
• List of townships in Kansas
• List of cities in Kansas
• List of unincorporated communities in Kansas
• List of ghost towns in Kansas

References

1. "QuickFacts; Gray County, Kansas; Population, Census, 2020 & 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on August 16, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
3. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp.  142.
4. "Feudin' and Fightin' Friday: County Seat Wars – Diggin' History". Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
5. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
6. "Gray County Wind Farm". Aquila, Inc. Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved June 2, 2007.
7. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
8. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
9. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
10. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
11. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
12. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
13. Association of Religious Data Archives: Church of God in Christ, Mennonite Counties (2010) Archived July 31, 2019, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved May 2, 2015
14. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections".
15. "Map of Wet and Dry Counties". Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue. November 2004. Archived from the original on October 8, 2007. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
16. "General Highway Map of Gray County, Kansas" (PDF). Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT). December 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 3, 2023.

Further reading

See also: List of books about Kansas, including historical information about its counties and cities

See also: List of books about Santa Fe Trail

External links

County

• Gray County – Official
• Gray County – Directory of Public Officials

Other

• Gray County Wind Farm, largest wind farm in Kansas

Maps

• Gray County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
• Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
• Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

37°44′N100°26′W / 37.733°N 100.433°W / 37.733; -100.433