Invincible (Michael Jackson album)

Last updated

Invincible
Mjinvincible.jpg
Default color for the album. Green, red, orange, and blue-colored covers were also issued.
Studio album by
Michael Jackson
ReleasedOctober 30, 2001 (2001-10-30)
RecordedOctober 1997 – September 2001
Studio
Genre
Length77:01
Label
Producer
Michael Jackson chronology
20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Michael Jackson
(2000)		Invincible
(2001)		 Love Songs
(2002)
Singles from Invincible
  1. "You Rock My World"
    Released: August 22, 2001
  2. "Butterflies"
    Released: November 27, 2001
  3. "Cry"
    Released: December 5, 2001 (Europe only)

Invincible is the tenth and final studio album by the American singer Michael Jackson, released on October 30, 2001, by Epic Records. It was Jackson's last album before his death in 2009. It features appearances from Carlos Santana, the Notorious B.I.G., and Slash. It incorporates R&B, pop and soul, and similarly to Jackson's previous material, the album explores themes such as love, romance, isolation, media criticism, and social issues.

Contents

The album's creation was expensive and laborious, featuring the work of ten record producers and over 100 musicians. Jackson started the multi-genre production in 1997 and did not finish until eight weeks before the album's release. It was reported that it cost $30 million to record; as of March 2024, it remains the most expensive album ever made. Jackson refused to tour to support it, adding to the growing rift between him and Sony Music Entertainment. [1] In July 2002, following Sony's decision to abruptly end promotion for the album, Jackson alleged that the CEO of Sony Music, Tommy Mottola, was a "devil" and a racist who used his African American artists only for personal gain.

Invincible debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart in the United States and in ten other countries worldwide. It was certified double platinum in the US in January 2002 and has sold more than eight million copies worldwide. The lead single, "You Rock My World", reached number ten on the US Billboard Hot 100 and was nominated for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 2002 Grammy Awards. "Cry" and "Butterflies" were also released as singles, and "Speechless" was released as a promotional single.

Invincible received mixed reviews and became Jackson's most critically derided album. Retrospective reviews have been more positive, and it has been credited as featuring early examples of dubstep. In 2009, it was voted by online readers of Billboard as the best album of the 2000s decade. [2]

Production

Prior to the release of Invincible, Jackson had not released any new material since the remix album Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix in 1997. His last studio album was HIStory (1995). Invincible was therefore viewed as Jackson's "career comeback". [3]

Jackson began recording new material in October 1997, and finished with "You Are My Life" being recorded only eight weeks before the album's release in October 2001 – the most extensive recording of Jackson's career. [4] The tracks with Rodney Jerkins were recorded at the Hit Factory in Miami, Florida. [5] Jackson had shown interest in including a rapper on at least one song, and had said that he did not want a "known rapper". [4] Jackson's spokesperson suggested a New Jersey rapper named Fats; after Jackson heard the finished product of the song, the two agreed to record another song together for the album. [4]

Rodney Jerkins stated that Jackson was looking to record material in a different musical direction than his previous work, describing the new direction as "edgier". [4] Jackson received credit for both writing and producing a majority of the songs on Invincible. Aside from Jackson, the album features productions by Jerkins, Teddy Riley, Andre Harris, Andraeo "Fanatic" Heard, Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, R. Kelly and Dr. Freeze Bill Gray and writing credits from Kelly, Fred Jerkins III, LaShawn Daniels, Nora Payne and Robert Smith. [6] The album is the third collaboration between Jackson and Riley, the other two being Dangerous and Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix . Invincible is Jackson's tenth and final studio album to have been recorded and released during his lifetime. [7] It was reported that it cost thirty million dollars to make the album, [8] making it the most expensive album ever made. [9]

Invincible was dedicated to the fifteen-year-old Afro-Norwegian boy Benjamin "Benny" Hermansen who was stabbed to death by a group of neo-Nazis in Oslo, Norway, in January 2001. [10] The reason for this tribute was partly due to the fact that another Oslo youth, Omer Bhatti, Jackson's friend, was also a good friend of Hermansen. [10] The dedication in the album reads, "Michael Jackson gives 'special thanks': This album is dedicated to Benjamin 'Benny' Hermansen. May we continue to remember not to judge a man by the color of his skin, but the content of his character. Benjamin ... we love you ... may you rest in peace." [10] The album is also dedicated to Nicholette Sottile and Jackson's parents, Joseph and Katherine Jackson. [10]

Music and lyrics

Invincible is an R&B, [11] pop [3] and soul [12] record. The album's full length lasts over 77 minutes and contains 16 songs – fourteen of which were written (or co-written) by Jackson. It was noted that the album shifts between aggressive songs and ballads. [13] Invincible opens with "Unbreakable"; the last line in the first verse recites the lyrics, "With all that I've been through/I'm still around". [14] In a 2002 interview with the magazine Vibe , Jackson commented on his inspiration for writing "Speechless", saying:

"You'll be surprised. I was with these kids in Germany, and we had a big water-balloon fight – I'm serious – and I was so happy after the fight that I ran upstairs in their house and wrote "Speechless". Fun inspires me. I hate to say that because it's such a romantic song. But it was the fight that did it. I was happy, and I wrote it in it's[ sic ] entirety right there. I felt it would be good enough for the album. Out of the bliss comes magic, wonderment, and creativity." [15]

"Privacy", a reflection on Jackson's own personal experiences, is about media invasions and tabloid inaccuracies. [14] "The Lost Children" is about imperiled children. [14] Jackson sings in a third person in "Whatever Happens". The song's lyrics, described by Rolling Stone magazine as having a "jagged intensity", narrate the story of two people involved in an unnamed threatening situation. [14] Invincible features four ballads: "You Are My Life", "Butterflies", "Don't Walk Away" and "Cry". [14] "Cry", similar to Jackson's "Man in the Mirror", is about healing the world together. [3] The lyrics to "Butterflies" and "Break of Dawn" were viewed as "glaringly banal" and it was implied that they could have been written by anyone. [13] "Threatened" was viewed as being a storyteller. [14] The song was viewed as a "Thriller redux". [13] The song "You Are My Life" is about Jackson's two children at the time, Prince and Paris. [16] The song features Jackson singing, "You are the sun, you make me shine, more like the stars." [13]

Singles

Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg
"You Rock My World"
Lead single from Invincible
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The album spawned three official singles ("You Rock My World", "Cry" and "Butterflies") and a promotional single in South Korea ("Speechless"), although all were given limited releases. "You Rock My World" was only released to radio airplay in the United States, consequently only peaking at number ten on the Billboard Hot 100. Internationally, where it was released as a commercial single, it reached number one in France, number two in Norway, Finland, Denmark, Belgium, and the United Kingdom, number three in Italy, number four in Australia, and five in Sweden and Switzerland. [17] The second single, "Cry", was not released in the United States. It was only moderately successful, with the song's most successful territories being Spain, Denmark, France, and Belgium, charting at number six, sixteen, thirty and thirty-one. [18]

The album's third single, "Butterflies", was only released in the United States to radio airplay. It reached number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at number two for five weeks on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles Chart. [19] "Heaven Can Wait" also charted at the bottom of the R&B/Hip-Hop Charts, at number 72 due to radio airplay without an official release; the song did not chart internationally. [19] "Unbreakable" was originally supposed to be released as a single, but it was ultimately cancelled. [20] [21] Despite that, the song managed to chart inside the Romanian Top 100 chart, peaking at number 62. [22] It was later included on The Ultimate Collection box set in 2004.

Promotion

It was reported that the album had a budget of twenty five million dollars set aside for promotion. [8] [23] Despite this, however, due to the conflicts between Jackson and his record label, little was done to promote the album. [24] Unlike with Jackson's post-Thriller adult studio albums, there was no world tour to promote the album; a tour was planned, but cancelled due to conflicts between Jackson and Sony, and the September 11 attacks (the latter of which had also motivated many other artists to cancel their then-upcoming concerts in late 2001 and early 2002.) [25] There was, however, a special 30th Anniversary celebration at Madison Square Garden in early September 2001 to mark Jackson's 30th year as a solo artist. Jackson performed "You Rock My World" and marked his first appearance onstage alongside his brothers since the Jacksons' Victory Tour in 1984. [26] The show also featured performances by Britney Spears, Mýa, Usher, Whitney Houston, Tamia, Backstreet Boys, 'N Sync, 98 Degrees, and Slash, among other artists. [27] The show aired on CBS in November 2001 as a two-hour television special and garnered 30 million viewers. [28]

The album's promotion was met with trouble due to internal conflicts with Sony Music Entertainment and Jackson due to his part of ownership with the company and the contract to a deal with Sony that was originally signed back in 1991. The issue stemmed back during the production of Invincible when Jackson learned that the rights to the masters of his past releases, which were to revert to him in the early 2000s, would not revert to him until much later in the decade. When Jackson consulted lawyer who worked with him in making the deal back in 1991, he learned that the same lawyer was also working for Sony, revealing a conflict of interest of which Jackson was never aware. Not wanting to sign away his ownership in Sony Music Entertainment, Jackson elected to leave the company shortly after the album's release. [29] After the announcement, Sony halted promotion on the album, cancelling single releases, including a 9/11 charity single that was intended to be released before Invincible.

In July 2002, following Sony's decision to abruptly end promotion for the album, Jackson alleged that the CEO of Sony Music, Tommy Mottola, was a "devil" and a racist who used his African American artists only for personal gain. [8] [30] He accused Sony and the record industry of racism, deliberately not promoting or actively working against promotion of his album. [31] Sony disputed claims that they had failed to promote Invincible with sufficient energy, maintaining that Jackson refused to tour in the United States. [32]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
Metacritic 51/100 [33]
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [3]
Blender Star full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [12]
Entertainment Weekly C− [13]
The Guardian Star full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [34]
NME 6/10 [35]
Q Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [36]
Rolling Stone Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [14]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide Star full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [37]
Slant Magazine Star full.svgStar full.svgStar half.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [38]
The Village Voice A− [39]

Invincible received mixed reviews from professional critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received a mixed score of 51 based on 19 reviews. [33] David Browne of Entertainment Weekly , felt that Invincible is Jackson's "first album since Off the Wall that offers virtually no new twists" but remarked that the album "feels like an anthology of his less-than-greatest hits". [13]

James Hunter of Rolling Stone critiqued that the album's later ballads made the record too long. [14] Hunter also commented that Jackson and Riley made "Whatever Happens" "something really handsome and smart", allowing listeners "to concentrate on the track's momentous rhythms" such as "Santana's passionate interjections and Lubbock's wonderfully arranged symphonic sweeps". [14] Mark Beaumont of NME called it "a relevant and rejuvenated comeback album made overlong", [35] while Blender also found it "long-winded". [40]

Reviewing for The Village Voice , Robert Christgau said that despite being overlooked, Jackson's "skills seem undiminished [and...] he's doing new stuff with them--his funk is steelier and his ballads are airier, both to disquieting effect." He felt that "The Invisible Children" was "offensive" given Jackson's history, but described the album's first three tracks as being the "Rodney Jerkins of the year". [39] Nikki Tranter of PopMatters said that it is both innovative and meaningful because exceptional songs such as "The Lost Children" and "Whatever Happens" more than make up for overly sentimental songs like "Heaven Can Wait" and "You Are My Life". [41] Q magazine said that it is an aurally interesting, albeit inconsistent, album. [36]

In a negative review for The New York Times , Jon Pareles suggested that the album is somewhat impersonal and humorless, as Jackson rehashes ideas from his past songs and is "so busy trying to dazzle listeners that he forgets to have any fun." [42] In a retrospective review for The Rolling Stone Album Guide , Pareles said that Invincible showed Jackson had lost his suave quality to "grim calculation". [37]

Invincible received one Grammy Award nomination at the 2002 ceremony. The album's song "You Rock My World" was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Performance – Male, but lost to James Taylor's "Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight". [43] Due to the album's release in October 2001, it was not eligible for any other nomination from the 2002 Grammy Awards. [44]

Retrospective reviews

In retrospective reviews, Invincible has gained more positive reviews and the track "Heartbreaker" has been cited as an early development of dubstep. [45] [46] Jackson later admitted to have been very proud of Invincible:

"It is tough because you’re competing against yourself. Invincible is just as good or better than Thriller, in my true, humble opinion. It has more to offer." [47]

Producer Rodney Jerkins also give his thoughts about the album: "There's stuff we didn't put on the album that I wish was on the album. My first batch [of beats] is what I really wanted him to do. I was trying to really go vintage, old school Mike. And that's what a lot of my first stuff was, that I was presenting to him. He kept 'Rock My World'. But he wanted to go more futuristic. So I would find myself at like junkyards, and we'd be out hitting stuff, to create our sound. I think Invincible needs to be re-released. Because something happened at the record company [Sony] that caused them not to promote it no more after we done[ sic ] put our heart and soul in it. He had about five singles on the album. But it came down to who can stop who [sic]. And he was caught up in that mess." [48]

AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine commented that it has a "spark" and "sound[s] better than anything Jackson has done since Dangerous ." [3] Erlewine noted that while the album had good material it was "not enough to make Invincible the comeback Jackson needed – he really would have had to have an album that sounded free instead of constrained for that to work – but it does offer a reminder that he can really craft good pop." [3] Writing for PopDose, Mike Heyliger wrote "Invincible isn't the piece of shit most claim it to be. A leaner structure to the album and more sympathetic production would have resulted in a classic. But when measured against the radio junk that passes for pop-R&B these days, Invincible is stronger than ever." [49] In December 2009, readers of Billboard voted Invincible the best album of the 2000s. [50]

Commercial performance

Invincible was Jackson's first studio album since HIStory six years earlier. [51] It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 363,000 units. [51] [52] It was Jackson's fifth Billboard 200 number-one, [51] and his fourth solo album to chart at number one in its first week; however, it sold less than HIStory in its opening week, which sold 391,000 units. [51] In its second week, the album slipped to number 3 selling 202,000 copies with a 45% drop. [53] Invincible also charted at number one on the Billboard R&B/Hip Hop Albums Chart for four weeks. [54] After eight weeks of release, in December 2001, Invincible was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for the sales of five hundred thousand units. [55] In the same month, the album was certified platinum for the sale of one million units. [55] On January 25, 2002, it was certified two times platinum for the sales of two million units. [55] In the United States, it was the 45th best-selling album of 2001 selling over 1.56 million units. [56] As of 2009, Invincible had sold 2.4 million copies in the United States. [57]

Invincible left the Billboard 200 in June 2002 after charting there for 28 weeks. [58] Shortly after the release of the album, in a poll conducted by Billboard magazine, "an overwhelming majority" of people—79% of 5,195 voters—were not surprised by Invincible entering the Billboard 200 at number one. [59] Billboard also reported that 44% agreed with the statement, proclaiming that Jackson was "still the King of Pop". Another 35% said they were not surprised by the album's ranking, but doubted Invincible would hold on for a second week at the top of the chart. [59] Only 12% of people who responded to the poll said they were surprised by the album's charting debut because of Jackson's career over the past six years and another 9% were taken aback by the album's success, in light of the negativity that preceded the album's release. [59]

Invincible reached number one in thirteen countries worldwide, [51] including the United Kingdom, Australia, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland. [51] [60] It also charted within the top ten in several countries, including Austria, Canada, Finland, Italy, New Zealand, and Norway. [60]

Invincible was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry, for the sales of over 300,000 units in the United Kingdom. [61] The album was certified platinum by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) for the sales of 40,000 units in Switzerland. The IFPI also certified the album gold in Austria for the sales of 15,000 units. Australian Recording Industry Association certified Invincible two times platinum for the sales of 140,000 units in Australia. Invincible was the eleventh best-selling album of 2001 according to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry with 5.4 million copies. [62] Since then, the album has sold more than 10 million units worldwide. [63] [64] [65]

Following Jackson's death in June 2009, his music experienced a surge in popularity. [66] Invincible charted at number twelve on the Billboard Digital Albums Chart on July 11, 2009. [67] Having not charted on the chart prior to its peak position, the album was listed as the ninth biggest jump on that chart that week. [67] It also charted within the top ten, peaking at number nine, on Billboard's Catalog Albums Chart on the issue date of July 18. [68] On the week of July 19, 2009, Invincible charted at number eighteen in Italy. [69] Invincible peaked at number sixty-four on the European Albums Chart on the charts issue date of July 25. [70] The album also charted at number twenty-nine in Mexico on July, [71] and eighty-four on the Swiss Albums Chart on July 19, 2009. [72]

Track listing

Invincible track listing
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Unbreakable" (feat. The Notorious B.I.G.)
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
6:25
2."Heartbreaker" (feat. Fats)
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
  • Jerkins III
  • Daniels
  • Mischke
  • Norman Gregg
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
5:10
3."Invincible" (feat. Fats)
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
  • Jerkins III
  • Daniels
  • Gregg
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
4:45
4."Break of Dawn"
5:32
5."Heaven Can Wait"
  • Jackson
  • Riley
  • Heard (co)
  • Smith (co)
4:49
6."You Rock My World"
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
  • Jerkins III
  • Daniels
  • Payne
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
5:39
7."Butterflies"
  • Jackson
  • Harris
4:40
8."Speechless"JacksonJackson3:18
9."2000 Watts"
  • Jackson
  • Riley
4:24
10."You Are My Life"
4:33
11."Privacy"
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
5:05
12."Don't Walk Away"
  • Jackson
  • Riley
  • Richard Carlton Stites
  • Reed Vertelney
  • Jackson
  • Riley
4:25
13."Cry" Robert Kelly
  • Jackson
  • Kelly
5:01
14."The Lost Children"JacksonJackson4:00
15."Whatever Happens"
  • Jackson
  • Riley
  • Jackson
  • Riley
4:56
16."Threatened"
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
  • Jerkins III
  • Daniels
  • Jackson
  • Jerkins
4:19
Total length:77:01

Notes

Credits

Personnel

Credits adapted from Invincible album liner notes. [6]

  • Michael Jackson – lead vocals (all tracks), background vocals (1–7, 9–12, 15–16), arranger (8, 14), multiple instruments (1, 4, 6, 16), programming (2, 3), drum programming (4, 13), orchestral arrangements and conducting (8), keyboard programming (9, 13, 14)
  • Marsha Ambrosius – background vocals (track 7)
  • Maxi Anderson – vocals (track 8)
  • Gloria Augustus – vocals (track 8)
  • Babyface – acoustic guitar, bass guitar, background vocals, drum programming, and keyboards (track 10)
  • Tom Bahler – youth choir conductor (track 14)
  • Emanuel "Bucket" Baker – drums (track 11)
  • Rose Beatty – youth choir (track 14)
  • Edie Lehmann Boddicker – youth choir (track 14)
  • Robert Bolyard – youth choir (track 14)
  • Norman Jeff Bradshaw – horns (track 7)
  • Brandy – additional background vocals (track 1)
  • Stuart Brawley – whistle solo (track 15)
  • Mary Brown – additional background vocals (track 15)
  • Tim Brown – vocals (track 8)
  • Brad Buxer – drum programming (tracks 4, 13), keyboards (8), keyboard programming (9, 12, 14)
  • David Campbell – string arrangement (track 11)
  • Matt Cappy – horns (track 7)
  • Martha Cowan – youth choir (track 14)
  • Andraé Crouch – vocals (track 8)
  • Sandra Crouch – vocals (track 8)
  • Paulinho da Costa – percussion (track 13)
  • LaShawn Daniels – background vocals (tracks 2, 11)
  • Valerie Doby – vocals (track 8)
  • Dr. Freeze – background vocals (tracks 4, 5), multiple instruments (4)
  • Monique Donally – youth choir (track 14)
  • Kevin Dorsey – vocals (track 8)
  • Marja Dozier – vocals (track 8)
  • Alfie Silas Durio – vocals (track 8)
  • Nathan East – bass guitar (track 11)
  • Jason Edmonds – choir (track 10)
  • Geary Lanier Faggett – vocals (track 8)
  • Vonciele Faggett – vocals (track 8)
  • Fats – rap (tracks 2, 3)
  • Lynn Fiddmont-Lindsey – choir (track 10)
  • Kirstin Fife – violin (track 8)
  • Judy Gossett – vocals (track 8)
  • Harold Green – vocals (track 8)
  • Jonathon Hall – youth choir (track 14)
  • Justine Hall – youth choir (track 14)
  • Andre Harris – multiple instruments (track 7)
  • Scottie Haskell – youth choir (track 14)
  • Micha Haupman – youth choir (track 14)
  • Tess (Teresa) Escoto – youth choir (track 14)
  • Gerald Heyward – drums (track 11)
  • Tabia Ivery – choir (track 10)
  • Luana Jackman – youth choir (track 14)
  • Prince Jackson – narrative (track 14)
  • Rodney Jerkins – multiple instruments (1, 4, 6, 16), programming (2, 3)
  • Tenika Johns – vocals (track 8)
  • Angela Johnson – vocals (track 8)
  • Daniel Johnson – vocals (track 8)
  • Zaneta M. Johnson – vocals (track 8)
  • Laquentan Jordan – vocals (track 8)
  • R. Kelly – choir arrangement (track 13)
  • Peter Kent – violin (track 8)
  • Gina Kronstadt – violin (track 8)
  • Michael Landau – guitar (track 13)
  • James Lively – youth choir (track 14)
  • Robin Lorentz – violin (track 8)
  • Jeremy Lubbock – orchestral arrangements and conducting (tracks 5, 8, 15)
  • Brandon Lucas – youth choir (track 14)
  • Jonathon Lucas – youth choir (track 14)
  • Ricky Lucchse – youth choir (track 14)
  • Melissa MacKay – youth choir (track 14)
  • Alex Martinez – youth choir (track 14)
  • Howard McCrary – vocals (track 8)
  • Linda McCrary – vocals (track 8)
  • Sam McCrary – vocals (track 8)
  • Alice Jean McRath – vocals (track 8)
  • Sue Merriett – vocals (track 8)
  • Bill Meyers – string arrangements (track 10)
  • Mischke – background vocals (track 2)
  • Patrice Morris – vocals (track 8)
  • Kristle Murden – vocals (track 8)
  • The Notorious B.I.G. – rap (track 1)
  • Novi Novog – viola and contractor (track 8)
  • Nora Payne – background vocals (track 2)
  • Que – background vocals (track 5)
  • Teddy Riley – multiple instruments (track 5) additional background vocals (9)
  • John Robinson – drums (track 13)
  • Baby Rubba – narrative (track 14)
  • Carlos Santana – guitar and whistle solo (track 15)
  • Deborah Sharp-Taylor – vocals (track 8)
  • F. Sheridan – youth choir (track 14)
  • Slash – guitar solo (track 11)
  • Andrew Snyder – youth choir (track 14)
  • Sally Stevens – youth choir (track 14)
  • Richard Stites – additional background vocals (track 12)
  • Thomas Tally – viola (track 8)
  • Brett Tattersol – youth choir (track 14)
  • Ron Taylor – vocals (track 8)
  • Michael Thompson – guitar (track 11)
  • Chris Tucker – introduction (track 6)
  • Mario Vasquez – additional background vocals (track 15)
  • Johnnie Walker – vocals (track 8)
  • Nathan "N8" Walton – choir (track 10)
  • Rick Williams – guitar (track 15)
  • Yvonne Williams – vocals (track 8)
  • Zandra Williams – vocals (track 8)
  • John Wittenberg – violin (track 8)

Record production

Charts

Certifications and sales

Certifications for Invincible
RegionCertification Certified units/sales
Argentina (CAPIF) [122] Gold20,000^
Australia (ARIA) [123] 2× Platinum140,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria) [124] Gold20,000*
Belgium (BEA) [125] Platinum50,000*
Canada (Music Canada) [126] Platinum100,000 [127]
Denmark (IFPI Danmark) [128] Gold25,000^
Finland (Musiikkituottajat) [129] Gold16,621 [129]
France (SNEP) [130] Platinum570,000 [131]
Germany (BVMI) [132] Platinum300,000^
Italy (FIMI) [133]
sales since 2009 		Gold30,000*
Japan (RIAJ) [134] Platinum200,000^
Netherlands (NVPI) [135] Platinum80,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ) [136] Platinum15,000^
Norway (IFPI Norway) [137] Platinum50,000*
Poland (ZPAV) [138] Gold35,000*
Portugal (AFP) [139] Gold20,000^
South Africa (RISA) [140] 2× Platinum100,000*
South Korea—58,840 [141]
Spain (PROMUSICAE) [142] Platinum100,000^
Sweden (GLF) [143] Gold40,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland) [144] Platinum40,000^
United Kingdom (BPI) [145] Platinum300,000^
United States (RIAA) [146] 2× Platinum2,400,000 [57]
Summaries
Europe (IFPI) [147] 2× Platinum2,000,000*
Worldwide—8,000,000 [148] [149]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

Related Research Articles

<i>Justified</i> (album) 2002 studio album by Justin Timberlake

Justified is the debut solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake. It was released on November 5, 2002, by Jive Records. The album was written and recorded in a six-week period as Timberlake's band NSYNC was on hiatus. For his solo album, Timberlake began to adopt a more mature image as an R&B artist opposed to the previous pop music recorded by the group. The majority of the album was produced by the Neptunes and Timbaland, and features guest appearances by Janet Jackson, Clipse, and Bubba Sparxxx. Primarily an R&B album, Justified also contains influences of dance-pop, funk, and soul music.

<i>Thriller</i> (album) 1982 studio album by Michael Jackson

Thriller is the sixth studio album by the American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson, released on November 29, 1982, by Epic Records. It was produced by Quincy Jones, who had previously worked with Jackson on his 1979 album Off the Wall and who would later produce his 1987 album Bad. Jackson wanted to create an album where "every song was a killer". With the ongoing backlash against disco music at the time, he moved in a new musical direction, resulting in a mix of pop, post-disco, rock, funk, synth-pop, and R&B sounds. Thriller foreshadows the contradictory themes of Jackson's personal life, as he began using a motif of paranoia and darker themes. Paul McCartney appears on "The Girl Is Mine", the first credited appearance of a featured artist on a Michael Jackson album. Recording took place from April to November 1982 at Westlake Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California, with a budget of $750,000.

<i>Bad</i> (album) 1987 studio album by Michael Jackson

Bad is the seventh studio album by the American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson. It was released on August 31, 1987, by Epic Records. Written and recorded between 1985 and 1987, Bad was Jackson's third and final collaboration with the producer Quincy Jones. Jackson co-produced and composed all but two tracks, and adopted an edgier image and sound, departing from his signature groove-based style and falsetto. Bad incorporates pop, rock, funk, R&B, dance, soul, and hard rock styles, and incorporated new recording technology, including digital synthesizers. The lyrical themes include media bias, paranoia, racial profiling, romance, self-improvement, and world peace. The album features appearances from Siedah Garrett and Stevie Wonder.

<i>HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I</i> 1995 album by Michael Jackson

HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I is a double album containing the first non-Motown greatest hits album and ninth studio album by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson, released on June 20, 1995. It was Jackson's fifth album released through Epic Records, and the first on his label MJJ Productions. It comprises two discs: HIStory Begins, a greatest hits compilation, and HIStory Continues, comprising new material written and produced by Jackson and collaborators. The album includes appearances by Janet Jackson, Shaquille O'Neal, Slash, and the Notorious B.I.G. The genres span R&B, pop, and hip hop with elements of hard rock and funk rock. The themes include environmental awareness, isolation, greed, suicide, injustice, and Jackson's conflicts with the media.

<i>Number Ones</i> (Michael Jackson album) 2003 greatest hits album by Michael Jackson

Number Ones is a greatest hits album by American singer Michael Jackson. It was released on November 18, 2003, by Epic Records. Number Ones was Jackson's first proper compilation album with Epic Records, after the release of the first disc of HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I in 1995. The album included Jackson's singles that reportedly reached number 1 in charts around the world, hence the album's name. Number Ones also features the last original single released during Jackson's lifetime, "One More Chance", released four days after the release of the album.

<i>Satellite</i> (P.O.D. album) 2001 studio album by P.O.D.

Satellite is the fourth studio album by American Christian nu metal band P.O.D. The album was released on September 11, 2001 debuting at No. 6 on the Billboard 200 chart with over 133,000 copies sold. It spent five consecutive weeks in the top 10 of that chart.

<i>Full Moon</i> (Brandy album) 2002 studio album by Brandy

Full Moon is the third studio album by American singer Brandy. It was released by Atlantic Records on March 5, 2002 in the United States. The album was recorded primarily during the summer and fall of 2001 at the Hit Factory Criteria in Miami, amid a three-year musical hiatus following the success of her multi-platinum previous studio album Never Say Never (1998) and the finale of her highly successful television sitcom Moesha in May 2001. As with Never Say Never, Brandy collaborated with producer Rodney Jerkins and his Darkchild production and songwriting team on the majority of the album's composition, while Mike City, Warryn Campbell, and Keith Crouch contributed additional production.

<i>The Ultimate Collection</i> (Michael Jackson album) 2004 box set by Michael Jackson

The Ultimate Collection is a box set by American singer and recording artist Michael Jackson. It was released on November 16, 2004, by Epic Records and consists of four audio CDs and one DVD. The album sold 57,000 copies in 2004 alone, and on May 16, 2013, it was certified Platinum as a multi-disk package by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for physical shipments of 200,000 copies in the United States. The DVD marked the first physical release of Live in Bucharest: The Dangerous Tour, initially an HBO concert special in 1992, which was later released as an individual title on July 25, 2005. The set also features a 60-page booklet that contains photos and text by the American music critic Nelson George summarizing the artist's career.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">You Rock My World</span> 2001 single by Michael Jackson

"You Rock My World" is a song by American singer Michael Jackson from his tenth and final studio album, Invincible (2001). It was released as the lead single from the album on August 22, 2001, by Epic Records.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Butterflies (Michael Jackson song)</span> 2001 promotional single by Michael Jackson

"Butterflies" is a song by American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson. It was written and composed by Andre Harris and Marsha Ambrosius, and produced by Jackson and Harris. The track appears on Jackson's tenth studio album, Invincible (2001). The song also appeared in The Ultimate Collection (2004). "Butterflies" is a midtempo ballad. The single received generally positive reviews from music critics; some music reviewers described the song as being one of the best songs on Invincible while others felt that it was a "decent track".

<i>Escape</i> (Enrique Iglesias album) 2001 studio album by Enrique Iglesias

Escape is the fifth studio album and second English-language album recorded by Spanish singer and songwriter Enrique Iglesias. It was released by Interscope Records on 30 October 2001.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cry (Michael Jackson song)</span> 2001 single by Michael Jackson

"Cry" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson that appears on his tenth studio album, Invincible (2001). The song was written by R&B singer-songwriter R. Kelly, who had previously written Jackson's 1995 single "You Are Not Alone". "Cry" was produced by Jackson and Kelly. It was released on December 5, 2001, under Epic Records as the third single from Invincible, and is Jackson's final single from a studio album. "Cry" is an R&B ballad with lyrics that highlight problems with the planet. The lyrics also urge people to unite to make the world a better place. Thus the track recalls previous Jackson songs that promote peace and environmentalism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heal the World</span> 1992 single by Michael Jackson

"Heal the World" is a song recorded by American singer Michael Jackson from his eighth studio album, Dangerous (1991). It was released on November 23, 1992 as the sixth single from the album. It was written and composed by Jackson, and produced by Jackson and Bruce Swedien. It is a song steeped with antiwar lyrics and Jackson's wish for humanity of making the world a better place.

<i>Ciara: The Evolution</i> 2006 studio album by Ciara

Ciara: The Evolution is the second studio album by American singer Ciara, released on December 5, 2006, by LaFace Records. The album is separated into five sections, with each showcasing a different side of Ciara's artistry. The first features crunk&B and uptempo records, which mainly deal with feminine independence, while its successor, entitled The Evolution of Music features ballads dealing with the positives and struggles of love. The Evolution of Dance features dance tracks, The Evolution of Fashion deals with self-expression, while the last, entitled The Evolution of C, features tracks that discuss how Ciara has evolved as a person since the start of her career.

<i>Off the Wall</i> 1979 studio album by Michael Jackson

Off the Wall is the fifth studio album by the American singer Michael Jackson, released on August 10, 1979, by Epic Records. It was Jackson's first album released through Epic Records, and the first produced by Quincy Jones, whom he met while working on the 1978 film The Wiz. Several critics observed that Off the Wall was crafted from disco, pop, funk, R&B, soft rock and Broadway ballads. Its lyrical themes include escapism, liberation, loneliness, hedonism and romance. The album features songwriting contributions from Stevie Wonder, Paul McCartney, Rod Temperton, Tom Bahler, and David Foster, alongside three tracks penned by Jackson himself.

<i>Thriller 25</i> 2008 studio album (reissue) by Michael Jackson

Thriller 25 is the 25th-anniversary edition reissue of Thriller (1982), the sixth studio album by American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson. The original album has sold 70 million copies worldwide, making it the best-selling album of all time. Thriller 25 was released by Sony BMG's reissue division, Legacy Recordings. Along with the original material, the reissue contains remixes, new material, a DVD and collaborations with contemporary artists. Thriller 25 was one of the last recorded works released during Jackson's lifetime, and the last he was extensively involved with, as Jackson co-produced all of the newly remixed tracks.

<i>Michael Jacksons This Is It</i> (album) 2009 soundtrack album by Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson's This Is It is a posthumous two-disc soundtrack album by American singer Michael Jackson. Released by MJJ Music on October 26, 2009, This Is It features previously released music, as well as six previously unreleased recordings by Jackson. This Is It was released to coincide with the theatrical release of Michael Jackson's This Is It, a concert film documenting Jackson's rehearsals for the This Is It concert series at the O2 Arena in London. This Is It is the sixth album to be released by Sony and Motown/Universal since Jackson's death on June 25, 2009.

<i>Michael</i> (Michael Jackson album) 2010 compilation album by Michael Jackson

Michael is the first posthumous album by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson. It was released on December 10, 2010, by Epic Records and Sony Music Entertainment. Michael is the first release of all-new Michael Jackson material since Invincible in 2001 and the seventh overall release since Jackson's death in 2009. The album was produced by Theron "Neff-U" Feemster, John McClain, Giorgio Tuinfort, Teddy Riley, and Brad Buxer, among others, and features guest performances by Akon and Lenny Kravitz.

<i>Xscape</i> (album) 2014 compilation album by Michael Jackson

Xscape is the second posthumous album by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson. It was released on May 9, 2014, by Epic Records, MJJ Music and Sony Music Entertainment. Xscape is the tenth release by Sony and/or Motown since Jackson's death in 2009. L.A. Reid, chairman of Epic Records, curated and served as executive producer for the album, enlisting Timbaland to lead a team of record producers, including Jerome "J-Roc" Harmon, Rodney Jerkins, Stargate, and John McClain, to remix and contemporize the eight selected tracks. The album was #1 in its first week of release in worldwide sales.

<i>Scream</i> (Michael Jackson album) 2017 compilation album by Michael Jackson

Scream is a compilation album by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson, released on September 29, 2017. The album compiles songs around a Halloween theme. It is the eleventh release by Sony and/or Motown since Jackson's death on June 25, 2009.

References

  1. ↑ Jones, Jel (April 2010). Michael Jackson Rocked the World and Lives Forever. America Star Books. p. 276. ISBN   9781448927135.
  2. ↑ "Readers' Top Albums of the Year, Decade". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 10, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Erlewine, Stephen Thomas . Invincible at AllMusic . Retrieved 2010-02-12.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Hiatt, Brian (December 21, 2000). "Michael Jackson Nearing Completion Of New LP". MTV . Viacom. Archived from the original on June 19, 2010. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
  5. ↑ Hobbs, Linda (September 5, 2009). "Rodney Jerkin's Talks MJ's Last Studio Album, Invincible". Vibe . Viacom. Archived from the original on September 9, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  6. 1 2 Invincible liner notes Epic Records (2001).
  7. ↑ Rodriguez, Jayson (June 25, 2009). "Michael Jackson's Musical Legacy, From The Jackson 5 To Invincible". MTV. Viacom. Archived from the original on April 26, 2010. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  8. 1 2 3 Vineyard, Jennifer (July 2, 2002). "Michael Jackson Shocks Al Sharpton By Calling Tommy Mottola A Racist". MTV. Viacom. Archived from the original on November 16, 2010. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  9. ↑ Branigan, Tania (September 8, 2001). "Jackson spends £20m to be Invincible". The Guardian. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved February 16, 2013.
  10. 1 2 3 4 McNamaba, Liz (October 23, 2001). "Jacko dedicates Invincible to Benjamin". Aftenposten . Schibsted ASA. Archived from the original on March 9, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  11. ↑ "Michael Jackson : 'Invincible'". NME . September 12, 2005. Archived from the original on August 6, 2018. Retrieved September 16, 2018. On first listen, 'Invincible' is a good R&B record, but certainly not pioneering
  12. 1 2 Aizlewood, John (January 2002). "Jacko spends a fortune on an attempt at relevance". Blender. Archived from the original on April 17, 2002. Invincible is a long-winded (77 minutes, 16 tracks), soulless soul album of the kind Levert might have once turned in
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Browne, David (November 9, 2001). "Invincible (2001)". Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hunter, James (December 6, 2001). "Michael Jackson: Invincible". Rolling Stone . Wenner Media LLC. Archived from the original on September 9, 2012. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
  15. ↑ Interview with Michael Jackson. Vibe Media. March 2002. p.  108 . Retrieved April 26, 2010. Speechless.{{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  16. ↑ McCartney, Anthony (June 22, 2013). "Michael Jackson's Fatherhood: New Details Emerge in Courtrooms". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  17. ↑ "Michael Jackson – You Rock My World (chanson)". LesCharts.com. Hung Medien. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  18. ↑ "Michael Jackson – Cry (chanson)". LesCharts.com. Hung Medien. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  19. 1 2 "allmusic ((( Invincible > Charts & Awards > Billboard Singles )))". AllMusic . Rovi Corporation. Archived from the original on February 7, 2011. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  20. ↑ Invincible pack-on-stocker Epic Records (2001).
  21. ↑ The Dangerous Philosophies of Michael Jackson. Abc-Clio. September 26, 2016. p. 148. ISBN   9781440838651. Archived from the original on February 23, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2021.
  22. ↑ "Arhiva romanian top 100 – Editia 21, saptamina 27.05–2.06, 2002". Romanian Top 100. Archived from the original on February 15, 2005.
  23. ↑ Laidlaw, Katherine (June 25, 2009). "Key Facts about Michael Jackson's life". National Post . CanWest Global Communications . Retrieved February 13, 2010.[ permanent dead link ]
  24. ↑ Taraborrelli, p. 611
  25. ↑ "Michael Jackson Shocks al Sharpton by Calling Tommy Mottola a Racist". MTV . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved February 25, 2021.
  26. ↑ Branigan, Tania (September 7, 2001). "Jackson spends £20m to be Invincible". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  27. ↑ George, p. 50–53
  28. ↑ "Jackson's CBS Special Moonwalks Over Rivals". Billboard. November 15, 2001. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  29. ↑ Friedman, Roger (June 18, 2002). "Michael Jackson Divorcing Sony Music | Fox News". Fox News . Archived from the original on September 16, 2016. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
  30. ↑ Taraborrelli, p. 610–611
  31. ↑ Zuel, Bernard (November 20, 2003). "Falling star". The Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media. Archived from the original on June 30, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  32. ↑ Burkeman, Oliver (July 8, 2002). "Jacko gets tough: but is he a race crusader or just a falling star?". The Guardian . London. Archived from the original on July 2, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  33. 1 2 Invincible (2001): Reviews Archived May 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine . Metacritic. Retrieved on August 7, 2010.
  34. ↑ Petridis, Alexis (June 25, 2002). "CD review: Michael Jackson, Invincible". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on May 18, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
  35. 1 2 Beaumont, Mark (November 30, 2001). "Michael Jackson: Invincible". NME . IPC Media. Archived from the original on July 18, 2008. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
  36. 1 2 "Invincible Review". Q (184). London: 132. December 2001. Though fatally flawed, Invincible does boast its fair share of sonic exhilaration.
  37. 1 2 Pareles, Jon. "Review: Invincible Archived February 23, 2023, at the Wayback Machine ". Rolling Stone: 415. November 1, 2004.
  38. ↑ Cinquemani, Sal (October 29, 2001). "Michael Jackson: Invincible". Slant Magazine . Archived from the original on November 28, 2010. Retrieved August 7, 2010.
  39. 1 2 Christgau, Robert (January 15, 2002). "Consumer Guide: Popstakes". The Village Voice . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved March 13, 2019– via robertchristgau.com.
  40. ↑ "Invincible review". Blender (4). New York: 117. December 2001. A long-winded, soulless soul album of the kind Levert might have once turned in.
  41. ↑ Tranter, Nikki (November 2001). "Michael Jackson: Invincible". PopMatters . Archived from the original on June 2, 2016. Retrieved August 7, 2010.
  42. ↑ Mazur, Kevin (October 28, 2001). "Music; To Regain Glory, The New Michael Imitates the Old". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 23, 2023. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
  43. ↑ "Grammy Awards 2002". RockOnheNet.com. Rock On The Net. Archived from the original on June 22, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  44. ↑ Gamboa, Glenn (February 24, 2002). "Cover Story/Music With Merit / With U2 leading the way, this year's Grammy nominees may represent the best and the brightest". Newsday . Archived from the original on November 7, 2012. Retrieved March 21, 2010.
  45. ↑ Nanke, Ashton. "Review: Jackson's Invincible is under-appreciated". Kennedy Torch. Archived from the original on March 7, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  46. ↑ O'Toole, Kit (October 1, 2015). Michael Jackson FAQ: All That's Left to Know About the King of Pop. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN   978-1-4950-4599-8. Archived from the original on February 23, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
  47. ↑ "Michael Jackson thought Thriller was his second-best album". February 28, 2023.
  48. ↑ "V EXCLUSIVE: Rodney Jerkins Talks MJ's Last Studio Album, Invincible". September 5, 2009.
  49. ↑ "Michael Jackson: Invincible". Popdose. June 28, 2009. Archived from the original on September 27, 2020. Retrieved January 20, 2020.
  50. ↑ "Readers' Poll: Albums of the Decade". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 30, 2011. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  51. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Jackson's 'Invincible' To Debut At No. 1". Billboard. November 7, 2001. Archived from the original on June 7, 2013. Retrieved January 18, 2010.
  52. ↑ "Week of November 17, 2001". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 5, 2013. Retrieved January 18, 2010.
  53. 1 2 3 "Billboard" (PDF). Worldradiohistory.com. November 24, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 23, 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
  54. ↑ "Week of December 08, 2001". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 7, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  55. 1 2 3 "Gold & Platinum". Recording Industry Association of America. Archived from the original on June 26, 2007. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  56. ↑ Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. January 26, 2002. Archived from the original on February 23, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2021.
  57. 1 2 Caulfield, Keith (August 1, 2009). "Billboard: Jackson's still bad; Daughtry rocks with town". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. pp. 33–. ISSN   0006-2510. Archived from the original on February 23, 2023. Retrieved August 4, 2021.
  58. ↑ Cabison, Rosalie (January 2, 2013). "Billboard 200". Billboard . Archived from the original on December 13, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
  59. 1 2 3 "Poll: Jackson's Chart Success No Surprise". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  60. 1 2 3 "Australiancharts.com – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  61. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Invincible". The Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on November 12, 2006. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  62. ↑ White, Adam (February 16, 2002). "Dido, Linkin Park Lead the Global 20 of 2001". Billboard. Vol. 114, no. 7. p. 42. ISSN   0006-2510. Archived from the original on February 23, 2023. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  63. ↑ "Michael Jackson's best selling studio albums". The Telegraph. June 26, 2009. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  64. ↑ "Invincible (2001) - 2015-10-10 - The Albums Of Michael Jackson". Forbes. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  65. ↑ "Michael Jackson Discography". BET. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  66. ↑ Ed Christman, Antony Bruno (July 2, 2009). "Michael Jackson Music Sales Surge Could Last For Months". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 18, 2017. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  67. 1 2 3 "Week of July 11, 2009: Biggest Jump". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 30, 2010. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  68. 1 2 "Invincible – Michael Jackson (2001)". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 21, 2021. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  69. 1 2 "Classifica settimanale dal 13/07/2009 al 19/07/2009". Federation of the Italian Music Industry. Archived from the original on February 23, 2012. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  70. 1 2 "Week of July 25, 2009: Biggest Jump". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 30, 2010. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  71. 1 2 "Top 100 México". MexicanCharts.com. Hung Medien. Archived from the original on March 7, 2012. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  72. 1 2 "Alben Top 100 19.07.2009". HitParade.ch. Hung Medien. Archived from the original on February 17, 2010. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  73. ↑ "迈克尔·杰克逊Michael Jackson:天下无敌Invincible-音乐-卓越亚马逊". Amazon.cn. Archived from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2011.
  74. ↑ "迈克尔•杰克逊:星光传奇(5CD) [套装]". Amazon.cn. Archived from the original on February 23, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  75. ↑ "ARIA Urban Chart – Week Commencing 4th March 2002" (PDF). The ARIA Report (627): 19. March 4, 2002. Retrieved April 15, 2023– via National Library of Australia.
  76. ↑ "Austriancharts.at – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  77. ↑ "Ultratop.be – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  78. ↑ "Ultratop.be – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in French). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  79. ↑ "Michael Jackson Chart History (Canadian Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
  80. ↑ "R&B : Top 50". Jam! . November 15, 2001. Archived from the original on November 21, 2001. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
  81. ↑ "Danishcharts.dk – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  82. ↑ "Dutchcharts.nl – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  83. ↑ "Michael Jackson: Invincible" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  84. ↑ "Lescharts.com – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  85. ↑ "Offiziellecharts.de – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  86. ↑ "Irish-charts.com – Discography Michael Jackson". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  87. ↑ "Italiancharts.com – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  88. ↑ "Invincible". Oricon. November 12, 2001. Archived from the original on January 2, 2020. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
  89. ↑ "Charts.nz – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  90. ↑ "Norwegiancharts.com – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  91. ↑ "Portuguesecharts.com – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  92. ↑ "Official Scottish Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved October 14, 2020.
  93. ↑ "Hits of the World – Spain". Billboard . November 17, 2001. p. 67. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
  94. ↑ "Swedishcharts.com – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  95. ↑ "Swisscharts.com – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  96. ↑ "Official R&B Albums Chart Top 40". Official Charts Company. Retrieved April 15, 2023.
  97. ↑ "Michael Jackson Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  98. ↑ "Michael Jackson Chart History (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  99. ↑ "ARIA Top 100 Albums Chart". HitParade.ch. Hung Medien. Archived from the original on February 11, 2010. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  100. ↑ "ARIA End of Year Albums Chart 2001". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on January 17, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  101. ↑ "Jaaroverzichten 2001". Ultratop. Archived from the original on November 28, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  102. ↑ "Rapports Annuels 2001". Ultratop. Archived from the original on December 5, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  103. ↑ "Canada's Top 200 Albums of 2001 (based on sales)". Jam! . Archived from the original on December 12, 2003. Retrieved March 26, 2022.
  104. ↑ "Canada's Top 200 R&B; albums of 2001". Jam! . January 8, 2002. Archived from the original on November 22, 2002. Retrieved January 22, 2023.
  105. ↑ "Chart of the Year 2001". Mogens Nielsen. Archived from the original on July 23, 2015. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
  106. ↑ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 2001". dutchcharts.nl. Archived from the original on June 22, 2019. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  107. ↑ "Year in Review – European Top 100 Albums 2001" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 19, no. 52. December 22, 2001. p. 15. OCLC   29800226. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved February 3, 2021– via World Radio History.
  108. ↑ "Musiikkituottajat – Tilastot – Myydyimmät levyt 2001" (in Finnish). IFPI Finland. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
  109. ↑ "Top de l'année Top Albums 2001" (in French). SNEP. Archived from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  110. ↑ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Archived from the original on May 9, 2015. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  111. ↑ "Årslista Album – År 2001" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on June 14, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  112. ↑ "Årslista Album (inkl samlingar), 2001" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on May 21, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  113. ↑ "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 2001". hitparade.ch. Archived from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  114. ↑ "End of Year Album Chart Top 100 – 2001". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  115. ↑ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2001". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  116. ↑ "Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-End 2001". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 18, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  117. ↑ "Top 50 Global Best Selling Albums for 2001" (PDF). IFPI. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 17, 2008. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
  118. ↑ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2002". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 12, 2021. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
  119. ↑ "Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-End 2002". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 18, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  120. ↑ "Jaaroverzichten 2009 – Mid price". ultratop (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Archived from the original on April 7, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  121. ↑ "Rapports Annuels 2009 – Mid price". ultratop (in French). Hung Medien. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  122. ↑ "Discos de Oro y Platino" (in Spanish). Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Archived from the original on August 20, 2011. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  123. ↑ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2001 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association . Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  124. ↑ "Austrian album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in German). IFPI Austria. Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  125. ↑ "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – albums 2001". Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  126. ↑ "Canadian album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Music Canada . Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  127. ↑ Slotek, Jim. "Sales jumped over balcony incident". Jam!. Archived from the original on December 5, 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  128. ↑ "Danish album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible". IFPI Danmark . Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  129. 1 2 "Michael Jackson" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland . Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  130. ↑ "French album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique.
  131. ↑ "L'Affaire Jackson passionne l'Amérique". Le Parisien (in French). February 4, 2005. Archived from the original on June 24, 2022. Retrieved July 27, 2022.
  132. ↑ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Michael Jackson; 'Invincible')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie . Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  133. ↑ "Italian album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana . Retrieved October 26, 2014. Select "2013" in the "Anno" drop-down menu. Select "Invincible" in the "Filtra" field. Select "Album e Compilation" under "Sezione".
  134. ↑ "Japanese album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan . Retrieved October 25, 2019.Select 2001年10月 on the drop-down menu
  135. ↑ "Dutch album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers . Retrieved October 26, 2014.Enter Invincible in the "Artiest of titel" box.
  136. ↑ "Latest Gold / Platinum Albums". Radioscope. July 17, 2011. Archived from the original on July 24, 2011. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
  137. ↑ "Norwegian album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway. Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  138. ↑ "Wyróżnienia – Złote płyty CD - Archiwum - Przyznane w 2003 roku" (in Polish). Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. March 19, 2003. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  139. ↑ "Portuguese album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible" (in Portuguese). Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa. Archived from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  140. ↑ "Music Divas & Rock Bands Top South African Certifications". Mi2N. February 5, 2002. Archived from the original on February 12, 2015. Retrieved January 24, 2019.
  141. ↑ "자료제공:(사)한국음반산업협회/이 자료는당협회와 상의없이 가공,편집을금합니다.: 2001.11월 – POP 음반 판매량" (in Korean). Recording Industry Association of Korea. Archived from the original on June 23, 2004. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
  142. ↑ Salaverrie, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (PDF) (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Madrid: Fundación Autor/SGAE. p. 961. ISBN   84-8048-639-2. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  143. ↑ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 2001" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 17, 2011. Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  144. ↑ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards ('Invincible')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien. Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  145. ↑ "British album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible". British Phonographic Industry . Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  146. ↑ "American album certifications – Michael Jackson – Invincible". Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  147. ↑ "IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2001". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry . Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  148. ↑ Leonard, David (January 2, 2017). "Michael Jackson Is Worth More Than Ever, and the IRS Wants Its Cut". Bloomberg News . Archived from the original on February 8, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
  149. ↑ Marikar, Sheila; Friedman, Emily (June 29, 2009). "Michael Jackson, King of Pop, Dead at 50". ABC News . Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.

Bibliography

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.