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This article concerns the period 359 BC – 350 BC.
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When Alexander threw down with spear the Tyrian island
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henika Alexandros Tyrian dori nesonereipsas
Heraklea timaiseuxenaethlophorois
Antigonos Kalla dissous tothi, protos hetairon
hoplitou stadiou t' amphetheto stephanous
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The kingdom of Macedonia was an ancient state in what is now the Macedonian region of northern Greece, founded in the mid-7th century BC during the period of Archaic Greece and lasting until the mid-2nd century BC. Led first by the Argead dynasty of kings, Macedonia became a vassal state of the Achaemenid Empire of ancient Persia during the reigns of Amyntas I of Macedon and his son Alexander I of Macedon. The period of Achaemenid Macedonia came to an end in roughly 479 BC with the ultimate Greek victory against the second Persian invasion of Greece led by Xerxes I and the withdrawal of Persian forces from the European mainland.
The first government of ancient Macedonia was established by the Argead dynasty of Macedonian kings during the Archaic period. The early history of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia is obscure because of shortcomings in the historical record; little is known of governmental institutions before the reign of Philip II during the late Classical period. These bureaucratic organizations evolved in complexity under his successor Alexander the Great and the subsequent Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties of Hellenistic Greece. Following the Roman victory in the Third Macedonian War over Perseus of Macedon in 168 BC, the Macedonian monarchy was abolished and replaced by four client state republics. After a brief revival of the monarchy in 150–148 BC, the Fourth Macedonian War resulted in another Roman victory and the establishment of the Roman province of Macedonia.
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References
- ↑ Die Staatsverträge des Altertums by Hermann Bengtson, Robert Werner, Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. Kommission für Alte Geschichte und Epigraphik pag. 109- 113 ISBN 978-3-406-02694-2
- ↑ Greek personal names By Elaine Matthews, Simon Hornblower, Peter Marshall Fraser, British Academy pages 99-119 ISBN 0-19-726216-3
- ↑ SEG 25:18
- ↑ except Aeropus but the text is corrupted
- ↑ IG I³ 89
- ↑ or Hadymos (Adymus of Beroea sculptor)
- ↑ the term is repeated for another name in the corrupted text
- ↑ Meletemata 22, Epig. App. 88
- ↑ Actes de vente d'Amphipolis By Miltiades Chatzopoulos, Page 38 ISBN 960-7094-79-4
- ↑ Meletemata 11 K31 ,SEG 36:626
- ↑ Macedonian Institutions Under the Kings by Miltiades Chatzopoulos page 151 ISBN 960-7094-89-1
- ↑ Meletemata 22, Epig. App. 79 , SEG 29:608
- ↑ Macedonian Institutions Under the Kings by Miltiades Chatzopoulos page 151 ISBN 960-7094-89-1
- ↑ SEG 49:750
- ↑ SEG 52:617
- ↑ Epidauros — c. 365-311 BC IG IV²,1 94 frg b.col I.1 -9
- ↑ Martial, Buch VI: Ein Kommentar by Farouk Grewing
- ↑ Macedonian Institutions Under the Kings Page 211 By Miltiadēs V. Chatzopoulos ISBN 960-7094-89-1
- ↑ Phokis — Delphi — stoichedon — FD III 5:19.74
- ↑ Phokis — Delphi — stoichedon — FD III 5:58.29-30
- ↑ SEG 25:705
- ↑ SEG 43:363,C
- ↑ SEG 49:671
- ↑ SEG 43:363,E
- ↑ SEG 49:755
- ↑ SEG 43:363,B[1]
- ↑ SEG 49:776
- ↑ SEG 46:831
- ↑ SEG 38:647
- ↑ SEG 35:735
- ↑ SEG 32:642
- ↑ SEG 48:820
- ↑ SEG 49:754
- ↑ EKM 1. Beroia 147 SEG 40.534
- ↑ SEG 44:535
- ↑ SEG 35:775
- ↑ SEG 48:874
- ↑ SEG 27:299
- ↑ SEG 33:556
- ↑ SEG 35:781
- ↑ SEG 40:541
- ↑ SEG 35:780
- ↑ FD III 4:405
- ↑ SEG 35:796
- ↑ SEG 24:543
- ↑ IG XI,2 145, 51 ,IG XI,2 154 ,35
- ↑ SEG 27.265,A — SEG 30.558
- ↑ EKM 1. Beroia 3, SEG 12.311; 43.379 — Meletemata 22,2 (1996) 28, 8
- ↑ Phokis — Delphi FD III 1:477.13
- ↑ Phokis — Delphi BCH 1928:259.26
- ↑ BCH 18 (1894) 433,7
- ↑ SEG 39.575
- ↑ SEG 38.587
- ↑ ID 298, 10-39
- ↑ SEG 50:629
- ↑ EKM 1. Beroia 203, SEG 30.562
