List of kings of Argos

Last updated

Before the establishment of a democracy, the Ancient Greek city-state of Argos was ruled by kings. Most of them are probably mythical or only semi-historical. This list is based on that largely given by Eusebius of Caesarea.

Contents

An alternative version supplied by Tatian of the original 17 consecutive kings of Argos includes Apis and Argios between Argos and Triopas.

Inachid Dynasty

Inachos, the supposed son of Oceanos and Tethys, is affirmed to have been the founder of this kingdom. He married his sister Melissa, by whom he had two sons, Phoroneus and Aegialeus: he is supposed to be the father of Io, and therefore the Greeks are sometimes called "Inachoi" after him (see also the names of the Greeks).

Argos named the kingdom after himself.

Danaid Dynasty

Lynceus means "lynx-eyed".

Abantiad Dynasty

Lineage of Anaxagoras

Lineage of Melampus

Lineage of Bias

Pelopid Dynasty

Heraclid Dynasty

After the death of Temenos, the royal prerogative began to decrease. To Cisos succeeded Lacidamos, who had little else than the title of king. His son Meltas, impatient of such restraint, endeavored, when it was too late, to restore it to its ancient dignity; but the people were by that time so powerful that, as soon as they discovered his plan, they ended the royal power, converted the government to a democracy, and condemned Meltas to death. [7]

After Meltas, the kingship survived into historical times but rarely had any political power, one exception being the tyrant king Pheidon.

Non-Heraclid Dynasty

This is the king after the heraaclids fell out.

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Theophilus of Antioch, Apology to Autolycus,2.7
  2. Diodorus Siculus, Library,fragments of Book 7,17
  3. Pausanias,2.36
  4. 1958,G.Huxley "Argos et les derniers Temenides" ,BCH 82
  5. How Argive Was the "Argive" Heraion? The Political and Cultic Geography of the Argive Plain, 900-400 B. C. Jonathan M. Hall American Journal of Archaeology American Journal of Archaeology Vol. 99, No. 4 (Oct., 1995), pp. 577-613 (37 pages) Published by: The University of Chicago Press
  6. Pausanias,4.35.2
  7. 1 2 History, Universal (1779). An universal history, from the earliest accounts to the present time, 5.
  8. Herodotus , Histories 6,127,3 Pausanias , Travels in Greece 2,19,2
  9. Ephoros Book I and the Kings of Argos Author(s): A. Andrewes Source: The Classical Quarterly , Jan. - Apr., 1951, New Series, Vol. 1, No. 1/2 (Jan. - Apr., 1951), pp. 39-45 Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Classical Association
  10. Plutarch.On the Fortune or the Virtue of Alexander,Moralia

Further reading

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heracleidae</span> Descendants of Heracles

The Heracleidae or Heraclids were the numerous descendants of Heracles (Hercules), especially applied in a narrower sense to the descendants of Hyllus, the eldest of his four sons by Deianira. Other Heracleidae included Macaria, Lamos, Manto, Bianor, Tlepolemus, and Telephus. These Heraclids were a group of Dorian kings who conquered the Peloponnesian kingdoms of Mycenae, Sparta and Argos; according to the literary tradition in Greek mythology, they claimed a right to rule through their ancestor. Since Karl Otfried Müller's Die Dorier, I. ch. 3, their rise to dominance has been associated with a "Dorian invasion". Though details of genealogy differ from one ancient author to another, the cultural significance of the mythic theme, that the descendants of Heracles, exiled after his death, returned some generations later to reclaim land that their ancestors had held in Mycenaean Greece, was to assert the primal legitimacy of a traditional ruling clan that traced its origin, thus its legitimacy, to Heracles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Io (mythology)</span> Mortal woman seduced by Zeus in Greek mythology

Io was, in Greek mythology, one of the mortal lovers of Zeus. An Argive princess, she was an ancestor of many kings and heroes, such as Perseus, Cadmus, Heracles, Minos, Lynceus, Cepheus, and Danaus. The astronomer Simon Marius named a moon of Jupiter after Io in 1614.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Argos, Peloponnese</span> City in Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece

Argos is a city in Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, and the oldest in Europe. It is the largest city in Argolis and a major center for the area.

In Greek mythology, Danaus was the king of Libya. His myth is a foundation legend of Argos, one of the foremost Mycenaean cities of the Peloponnesus. In Homer's Iliad, "Danaans" and "Argives" commonly designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lynceus of Argos</span>

In Greek mythology, Lynceus was a king of Argos, succeeding Danaus on the throne.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inachus</span> Character in Greek mythology

In Greek mythology, Inachus,Inachos or Inakhos was the first king of Argos after whom a river was called Inachus River, that drains the western margin of the Argive plain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phoroneus</span> Character in Greek mythology

In Greek mythology, Phoroneus was a culture-hero of the Argolid, fire-bringer,law giver, and primordial king of Argos.

In Greek mythology, Pelasgus was the eponymous ancestor of the Pelasgians, the mythical inhabitants of Greece who established the worship of the Dodonaean Zeus, Hephaestus, the Cabeiri, and other divinities. In the different parts of the country once occupied by Pelasgians, there existed different traditions as to the origin and connection of Pelasgus. The ancient Greeks even used to believe that he was the first man.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Temenus</span>

In Greek mythology, Temenus was a son of Aristomachus and brother of Cresphontes and Aristodemus.

In Greek mythology, Anaxagoras was a king of Argos and son of either Megapenthes or his son Argeus.

In Greek legendary history, Messene was the daughter of Triopas, king of Argos. She was married to Polycaon, son of king Lelex, of Laconia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pheidon</span> King of Argos

Pheidon was an Argive ruler during the 7th century BCE and 10th in line to Temenus. He was arguably Argos's most ambitious and successful ruler during the 7th century BCE. There is a possibility that there were in fact two different Pheidons who were both rulers of Argos.

Alector refers to more than one person in classical mythology and history:

Cylarabes, or Cylarabos, or Cylasabos, son of Sthenelus, was a mythological king of Argos.

In Greek mythology, Iasus or Iasius was a king of Argos.

In Greek mythology, Piras was a king of Argos. Otherwise, he was also known as Piren, Peiren, Peiras (Πειράς), Peirasus (Πείρασος) and Piranthus.

In Greek mythology, Phorbas or Phorbaceus was the sixth king of Argos.

In Greek mythology, Triopas or Triops was the seventh king of Argos. Triopas may be an aspect of the Argive Zeus, or may be his human representative.

In Greek mythology, Proetus, the son of Abas, was a king of Argos and Tiryns.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sthenelus (son of Capaneus)</span>

In Greek mythology, Sthenelus was one of the Achaean Leaders. He was also counted as one of the Epigoni and a suitor of Helen.