Mycoplasmataceae

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Mycoplasmataceae
Mycoplasma Howe Bovine Mastitis 2022.jpg
Mycoplasma growth on Hayflick agar from a bovine mastitis infection sample
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Bacteria
Kingdom: Bacillati
Phylum: Mycoplasmatota
Class: Mollicutes
Order: Mycoplasmatales
Family: Mycoplasmataceae
Freundt, 1955
Genera
Synonyms
  • "Borrelomycetaceae" Turner 1935
  • Entomoplasmataceae Tully et al. 1993
  • "Haemobartonellaceae" Yanokov 1973
  • "Parasitaceae" Sabin 1941
  • "Pleuropneumoniaceae" Tulasne & Brisou 1955

Mycoplasmataceae is a family of bacteria [1] in the order Mycoplasmatales. This family consists of Mycoplasma and four more genera. [2]

Contents

In 1967, the order Mycoplasmatales was incorporated into the class Mollicutes. [3] Sexually transmitted species and Ureaplasma are classified in Mycoplasmoidaceae since 2018. [4]

Taxonomy

Mycoplasma

Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall and possess a three-layered cellular membrane. [5] They can be parasitic or saprotrophic.

Several species formerly classified as Mycoplasma are sexually transmitted and pathogenic in humans (see Mollicutes § Species which infect humans). Others are found on cats, dogs, and barnyard fowl.

Taxa infecting insects

A few genera infecting insects were added to this family in 2019 using molecular phylogenetic evidence. These genera were originally called Entomoplasmataceae and believed to be monophyletic. [6] However, work in 2019 found it to be a paraphyletic group by the exclusion of Mycoplasma. The two original genera ( Mesoplasma and Entomoplasma ) were also found to be in need of breaking up due to polyphyly. As a result five genera were finally added: [7]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). [8]

16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024 [9] [10] [11] 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220 [12] [13] [14]
Mycoplasmatales

"Ca. Spiroplasma holothuricola" {MT37, Spiroplasma_C}

Mycoplasmoidaceae

"Ca. Hepatoplasma" {"Hepatoplasmataceae"}

Metamycoplasmataceae

VBWQ01

Spiroplasma _D

Mycoplasmataceae
sensu GTDB
sensu GTDB

See also

References

  1. ↑ E.A. Freundt The classification of the pleuropneumonia group of organisms (Borrelomycetales) Archived 22 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy, 1955, 5, 67–78.] (See page 73)
  2. 1 2 J.P. Euzéby. "Mycoplasmataceae". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 9 September 2022.
  3. ↑ Edward DG, Freundt EA (1967). "Proposal for Mollicutes as name of the class established for the order Mycoplasmatales". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 17 (3): 269–272. doi: 10.1099/00207713-17-3-267 .
  4. ↑ Gupta R, Sawnani S, Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Oren A (2018). "Phylogenetic framework for the phylum Tenericutes based on genome sequence data: proposal for the creation of a new order Mycoplasmoidales ord. nov., containing two new families Mycoplasmoidaceae fam. nov. and Metamycoplasmataceae fam. nov. harbouring Eperythrozoon, Ureaplasma and five novel genera". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 111 (9): 1583–1630. doi:10.1007/s10482-018-1047-3. PMID   29556819. S2CID   254226604.
  5. ↑ Ryan KJ, Ray CG, eds. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 409–12. ISBN   978-0-8385-8529-0.
  6. ↑ Revised taxonomy of the class Mollicutes: proposed elevation of a monophyletic cluster of arthropod-associated mollicutes to ordinal rank (Entomoplasmatales ord. nov.), with provision for familial rank to separate species with nonhelical morphology (Entomoplasmataceae fam. nov.) from helical species (Spiroplasmataceae), and emended descriptions of the order Mycoplasmatales, family Mycoplasmataceae. Tully J.G., Bove J.M., Laigret F. and Whitcomb R.F., Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1993, volume 43, pages 378-385 (article [ permanent dead link ])
  7. ↑ Gupta RS, Son J, Oren A (2019). "A phylogenomic and molecular markers based taxonomic framework for members of the order Entomoplasmatales: proposal for an emended order Mycoplasmatales containing the family Spiroplasmataceae and emended family Mycoplasmataceae comprised of six genera" . Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 112 (4): 561–588. doi:10.1007/s10482-018-1188-4. ISSN   0003-6072 . Retrieved 11 June 2025.
  8. ↑ Sayers, et al. "Mycoplasmataceae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
  9. ↑ "The LTP" . Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  10. ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format" . Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  11. ↑ "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  12. ↑ "GTDB release 09-RS220". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  13. ↑ "bac120_r220.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  14. ↑ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
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