Naolan language

Last updated
Naolan
Native to Mexico
Regionnear Tula, Tamaulipas
Extinct c.1950
unclassified
Language codes
ISO 639-3 None (mis)
Glottolog naol1234
Naolan lang.png
The location of Naolan in Tamaulipas state

Naolan is an extinct language that was spoken a five-hour walk away from Tula, Tamaulipas in northeast Mexico. It is only known from 48 words and several phrases collected in the 1940s, and was nearly extinct at that time (Weitlaner 1948). [1]

Contents

Classification

Naolán has been compared to numerous languages, but none are obviously close and there is not enough data to spot more distant relationships. Six of the words are Spanish loans, five more appear to be loans from neighboring languages, and another four are suspected loans, leaving little to work with. Campbell (1979, 1997) therefore considers it unclassified. [2]

Vocabulary

Weitlaner's (1948) word list of Naolan is reproduced below. The words had been collected from multiple informants, who were Román Rochas, Procopio Medrano Silva, Febronio Saenz, María Hernández, and Mariano Saenz. [1]

Spanish gloss (original)English gloss (translated)Naolán
mi ojomy eyemi yuːhu; ma yoho
mi orejamy earmi koːl; ma koːl
mis 2 orejasmy 2 earsmi maːkwil; ma kwil
muchachoboymaː mušilači; mačičilače
maízmaizemasúːná
tortillatortillama wiːši; ma wiši
calabaza de la tierraground squashmá sá mò'ːná
calabaza de castilla Cucurbita argyrosperma ma só ná; ma sóna
maguey maguey ma namuléa; mamuléa
quiotequiote (agave stalk)ma kaːso
água mielhoneyma špaːkeː; maškape
águawatermi; míː
carne (de venado)meat (of deer)ma naːme; manáme
leónlion, pumamaː čitun makapal
coyotecoyotema boːkam; ma boːkan
zorrafoxmá'ː-yo
venadodeerma naːmeːl; el amel
conejorabbitma kuyóam; makuyón; makuyo
está una víbora chillandoa rattling snakegwašnan masiːlam
lagartijalizardma naː šiːl; manači; manaketal; malačil
arañaspidergranya
caballohorsema kayo
borregasheep (female)magalena
borregosheep (male)ma kaleːna; makanel
balido de la borregableet of sheepsána ƀa wiči
cochinopigmoːlan, moːlam; móːlan
galloroosterma kalayo; makalayo
gallinahenma kaːšta; makašte; makasta
rataratma soːče; ma sóče
panalhoneycombma tuːpil; tuːpil
panal huarichotype of honeycombma pajam
panal de huarichetype of honeycombma paján

Phrases

Naolan phrases from Weitlaner (1948): [1]

Spanish gloss (original)English gloss (translated)Naolán
Dame un cigarro.Give me a cigarette.sata čumaːƀal; saka čumál
Dame una tortilla.Give me a tortilla.tatačú mawiːši
Dame água.Give me water.tataču miː; tataču míː
Sabes chupar?Do you know how to suck?jotas noːkwil; jota nóːkil
Sí, sé chupar.Yes, I know how to suck.aːjájas noːkwil
Sí.Yes.aːj'a
Qué bonita mujer!What a beautiful woman!kwajano kane makwanso
Buenos días.Hello, greetingsnyó'ːke; noike; jomene puteis; jonene puteis
Gracias, estoy bien.Thanks, I am good.jotuní wáːna
(mañana ?)(tomorrow?)aja ču (šu) wana
Cómo está tu hermana?How is your sister?jome tu nigwána
Qué pasa?How is it going?čopajo; čupájo
Mañana me voy allá al picacho.Tomorrow I will go there to the peak.kosúsameːuwampa ƀiːtóːya
 ? ?kačumái

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Weitlaner, Roberto J.. 1948. Un Idioma Desconocido del Norte de México. In Actes du XXVIII Congrès International de Américanistes, 205-227. Paris.
  2. Campbell, Lyle (1997). American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-509427-5.