Genus of butterflies
Papilio genus in the swallowtail butterfly family , Papilionidae , as well as the only representative of the tribe Papilionini . The word papilio is Latin for butterfly . [ 2]
Lime butterfly in Behbahan It includes the common yellow swallowtail ( Papilio machaon ), which is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere and the type species of the genus, as well as a number of other well-known North American species such as the western tiger swallowtail ( Papilio rutulus ). Familiar species elsewhere in the world include the Mormons ( Papilio polytes , Papilio polymnestor , Papilio memnon , and Papilio deiphobus ) in Asia, the orchard and Ulysses swallowtails in Australia ( Papilio aegeus , Papilio ulysses , respectively) and the citrus swallowtail of Africa ( Papilio demodocus ).
Older classifications of the swallowtails tended to use many rather small genera. More recent classifications have been more conservative, and as a result a number of former genera are now absorbed within Papilio , such as Achillides , Eleppone , Druryia , Heraclides (giant swallowtails), Menelaides , Princeps , Pterourus (tiger swallowtails), and Sinoprinceps . The genus as recognized by modern systems has about 200 members. The genus Chilasa is regarded as a subgenus of Papilio by some workers, as are the baggy-tailed swallowtails (Agehana ), although the latter taxon is usually considered a subgenus of Chilasa .
Many of the larvae resemble bird droppings during a development stage. Adults are edible to birds and some species are mimics . [ 3]
Species Listed alphabetically within groups. [ 4] subgenus : Papilio Linnaeus, 1758
species group : machaon Papilio machaon gorganus Papilio alexanor Esper, 1800 – southern swallowtail Papilio brevicauda Saunders, 1869 – short-tailed swallowtail Papilio hospiton Géné, 1839 – Corsican swallowtail Papilio indra Reakirt, 1866 – Indra swallowtail, short-tailed black swallowtail, or cliff swallowtail Papilio joanae J. Heitzman, 1973 – Ozark swallowtail Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758 – Old World swallowtail, common yellow swallowtail, or artemisia swallowtail Papilio polyxenes Fabricius, 1775 – black swallowtail, eastern black swallowtail, American swallowtail, or parsnip swallowtail Papilio saharae Oberthür, 1879 – Sahara swallowtail Papilio zelicaon Lucas, 1852 – anise swallowtail or western swallowtailsubgenus : Princeps Hübner, [1807]
species group : antimachus species group : zalmoxis species group : nireus Broad green-banded swallowtail ( Papilio chrapkowskii ), Kenya Narrow blue-banded swallowtail ( Papilio nireus ), Uganda Papilio aristophontes Oberthür, 1897 Papilio charopus Westwood, 1843 – tailed green-banded swallowtail Papilio chrapkowskii Suffert, 1904 – broad green-banded swallowtail or Chrapkowski's green-banded swallowtail Papilio chrapkowskoides Storace, 1952 – broadly green-banded swallowtail Papilio desmondi van Someren, 1939 – Desmond's green-banded swallowtail Papilio hornimani Distant, 1879 – Horniman's green-banded swallowtail or Horniman's swallowtail Papilio interjectana Vane-Wright, 1995 – Van Someren's green-banded swallowtail Papilio nireus Linnaeus, 1758 – green-banded swallowtail, narrow-banded green swallowtail, or African blue-banded swallowtail Papilio sosia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 – medium green-banded swallowtail Papilio thuraui Karsch, 1900 Papilio ufipa Carcasson, 1961 Papilio wilsoni Rothschild, 1926 species group : cynorta species group : dardanus African swallowtail ( Papilio dardanus ), Ethiopia Green-banded swallowtail ( Papilio phorcas ), Kenya species group : zenobia species group : demodocus Citrus swallowtail ( Papilio demodocus ), South Africa Lime butterfly ( Papilio demoleus ), India species group : echerioides species group : oribazus Banded blue swallowtail ( Papilio oribazus ), Madagascar species group : hesperus species group : menestheus Western emperor swallowtail ( Papilio menestheus ), Ghana species group : incertae sedis Papilio mangoura , Madagascar Papilio andronicus Ward, 1871 Papilio chitondensis Bivar de Sousa & Fernandes, 1966 Papilio leucotaenia Rothschild, 1908 – cream-banded swallowtail Papilio luzviae Schröder & Treadaway, 1991 Papilio mackinnoni Sharpe, 1891 – MacKinnon's swallowtail Papilio mangoura Hewitson, 1875 – Mangoura swallowtail Papilio manlius Fabricius, 1798 Papilio microps Storace, 1951 Papilio nobicea Suffert, 1904 Papilio phorbanta Linnaeus, 1771 – small Réunion swallowtailspecies group : noblei species group : demolion species group : anactus species group : aegeus species group : godeffroyi species group : polytes Common Mormon ( Papilio polytes ), India species group : castor species group : fuscus species group : helenus species group : memnon Blue Mormon Papilio polymnestor , India Papilio acheron Grose-Smith, 1887 – Acheron swallowtail Papilio ascalaphus Boisduval, 1836 – Ascalaphus swallowtail Papilio deiphobus Linnaeus, 1758 Papilio forbesi Grose-Smith, 1883 Papilio lampsacus Boisduval, 1836 Papilio lowi H. Druce, 1873 – Asian swallowtail or great yellow Mormon Papilio mayo Atkinson, 1873 – Andaman Mormon Papilio memnon Linnaeus, 1758 – great Mormon Papilio oenomaus Godart, 1819 Papilio polymnestor Cramer, [1775] – blue Mormon Papilio rumanzovia Eschscholtz, 1821 – scarlet Mormon or red Mormonspecies group : protenor species group : bootes subgenus : Chilasa Moore, [1881]
species group : agestor species group : clytia species group : veiovis species group : laglaizei species group : unnamed subgenus : Achillides Hübner, [1819]
species group : paris Papilio arcturus Westwood, 1842 – blue peacock Papilio bianor Cramer, [1777] – Chinese peacock Papilio chikae Igarashi, 1965 – Luzon peacock swallowtail Papilio dialis Leech, 1893 – southern Chinese peacock Papilio doddsi Janet, 1896 Papilio elephenor Doubleday, 1845 – yellow-crested spangle Papilio hoppo Matsumura, 1908 Papilio karna C. Felder & R. Felder, 1864 Papilio krishna Moore, 1857 – Krishna peacock Papilio longimacula Z.G. Wang & Y. Niu, 2002 Papilio maackii Ménétriés, 1859 – alpine black swallowtail Papilio paris Linnaeus, 1758 – Paris peacock Papilio polyctor Boisduval, 1836 – common peacock Malabar banded peacock ( Papilio buddha ) Common banded peacock ( Papilio crino ), India species group : palinurus species group : unnamed species group : ulysses subgenus : Heraclides Hübner, [1819]
species group : anchisiades Prickly ash swallowtail ( Papilio pelaus ), Jamaica species group : thoas Bahamian swallowtail ( Papilio andraemon ), Jamaica Papilio andraemon (Hübner, [1823]) – Bahaman swallowtail Papilio androgeus Cramer, [1775] – Androgeus swallowtail, queen page, or queen swallowtail Papilio aristodemus Esper, 1794 – Schaus' swallowtail or island swallowtail Papilio aristor Godart, 1819 – scarce Haitian swallowtail Papilio astyalus Godart, 1819 – broad-banded swallowtail or Astyalus swallowtail Papilio caiguanabus Poey, [1852] – Poey's black swallowtail Papilio cresphontes Cramer, [1777] – giant swallowtail Papilio homothoas Rothschild & Jordan, 1906 Papilio machaonides Esper, 1796 Papilio melonius Rothschild & Jordan, 1906 Papilio ornythion Boisduval, 1836 – Ornythion swallowtail Papilio paeon Boisduval, 1836 Papilio rumiko (Shiraiwa & Grishin, 2014) Papilio thersites Fabricius, 1775 – Thersites swallowtail or false Androgeus swallowtail Papilio thoas Linnaeus, 1771 – Thoas swallowtail or king swallowtailspecies group : torquatus species group : unnamed subgenus : Pterourus Scopoli, 1777
species group : troilus Spicebush swallowtail ( Papilio troilus ) species group : glaucus Canadian tiger swallowtail ( Papilio canadensis ), Canada Two-tailed swallowtail ( Papilio multicaudata ), Mexico species group : zagreus species group : scamander species group : homerus subgenus : Sinoprinceps Hancock, 1983
species group : xuthus Hancock, 1983 Papilio xuthus Linnaeus, 1767 – Asian, Xuthus, or Chinese yellow swallowtailThis page is based on this
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