Papilio Last updated April 04, 2025 Genus of butterflies
Papilio genus in the swallowtail butterfly family , Papilionidae , as well as the only representative of the tribe Papilionini . The word papilio is Latin for butterfly . [ 2]
Lime butterfly in Behbahan It includes the common yellow swallowtail ( Papilio machaon ), which is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere and the type species of the genus, as well as a number of other well-known North American species such as the western tiger swallowtail ( Papilio rutulus ). Familiar species elsewhere in the world include the Mormons ( Papilio polytes , Papilio polymnestor , Papilio memnon , and Papilio deiphobus ) in Asia, the orchard and Ulysses swallowtails in Australia ( Papilio aegeus , Papilio ulysses , respectively) and the citrus swallowtail of Africa ( Papilio demodocus ).
Older classifications of the swallowtails tended to use many rather small genera. More recent classifications have been more conservative, and as a result a number of former genera are now absorbed within Papilio , such as Achillides , Eleppone , Druryia , Heraclides (giant swallowtails), Menelaides , Princeps , Pterourus (tiger swallowtails), and Sinoprinceps . The genus as recognized by modern systems has about 200 members. The genus Chilasa is regarded as a subgenus of Papilio by some workers, as are the baggy-tailed swallowtails (Agehana ), although the latter taxon is usually considered a subgenus of Chilasa .
Many of the larvae resemble bird droppings during a development stage. Adults are edible to birds and some species are mimics . [ 3]
Ecology In their larval form, members of Papilio typically feed upon plants of Rutaceae including common ornamental and agriculturally important species such as Citrus species, Murraya species, Choisya species and Calodendrum species. Caterpillars sequester terpenoids from their diet to produce a foul smelling oil used in defence.
Species Listed alphabetically within groups. [ 4] subgenus : Papilio Linnaeus, 1758
species group : machaon Papilio machaon gorganus Papilio alexanor Esper, 1800 – southern swallowtail Papilio brevicauda Saunders, 1869 – short-tailed swallowtail Papilio hospiton Géné, 1839 – Corsican swallowtail Papilio indra Reakirt, 1866 – Indra swallowtail, short-tailed black swallowtail, or cliff swallowtail Papilio joanae J. Heitzman, 1973 – Ozark swallowtail Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758 – Old World swallowtail, common yellow swallowtail, or artemisia swallowtail Papilio polyxenes Fabricius, 1775 – black swallowtail, eastern black swallowtail, American swallowtail, or parsnip swallowtail Papilio saharae Oberthür, 1879 – Sahara swallowtail Papilio zelicaon Lucas, 1852 – anise swallowtail or western swallowtailsubgenus : Princeps Hübner, [1807]
species group : antimachus species group : zalmoxis species group : nireus Broad green-banded swallowtail ( Papilio chrapkowskii ), Kenya Narrow blue-banded swallowtail ( Papilio nireus ), Uganda Papilio aristophontes Oberthür, 1897 Papilio charopus Westwood, 1843 – tailed green-banded swallowtail Papilio chrapkowskii Suffert, 1904 – broad green-banded swallowtail or Chrapkowski's green-banded swallowtail Papilio chrapkowskoides Storace, 1952 – broadly green-banded swallowtail Papilio desmondi van Someren, 1939 – Desmond's green-banded swallowtail Papilio hornimani Distant, 1879 – Horniman's green-banded swallowtail or Horniman's swallowtail Papilio interjectana Vane-Wright, 1995 – Van Someren's green-banded swallowtail Papilio nireus Linnaeus, 1758 – green-banded swallowtail, narrow-banded green swallowtail, or African blue-banded swallowtail Papilio sosia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 – medium green-banded swallowtail Papilio thuraui Karsch, 1900 Papilio ufipa Carcasson, 1961 Papilio wilsoni Rothschild, 1926 species group : cynorta species group : dardanus African swallowtail ( Papilio dardanus ), Ethiopia Green-banded swallowtail ( Papilio phorcas ), Kenya species group : zenobia species group : demodocus Citrus swallowtail ( Papilio demodocus ), South Africa Lime butterfly ( Papilio demoleus ), India species group : echerioides species group : oribazus Banded blue swallowtail ( Papilio oribazus ), Madagascar species group : hesperus species group : menestheus Western emperor swallowtail ( Papilio menestheus ), Ghana species group : incertae sedis Papilio mangoura , Madagascar Papilio andronicus Ward, 1871 Papilio chitondensis Bivar de Sousa & Fernandes, 1966 Papilio leucotaenia Rothschild, 1908 – cream-banded swallowtail Papilio luzviae Schröder & Treadaway, 1991 Papilio mackinnoni Sharpe, 1891 – MacKinnon's swallowtail Papilio mangoura Hewitson, 1875 – Mangoura swallowtail Papilio manlius Fabricius, 1798 Papilio microps Storace, 1951 Papilio nobicea Suffert, 1904 Papilio phorbanta Linnaeus, 1771 – small Réunion swallowtailspecies group : noblei species group : demolion species group : anactus species group : aegeus species group : godeffroyi species group : polytes Common Mormon ( Papilio polytes ), India species group : castor species group : fuscus species group : helenus species group : memnon Blue Mormon Papilio polymnestor , India Papilio acheron Grose-Smith, 1887 – Acheron swallowtail Papilio ascalaphus Boisduval, 1836 – Ascalaphus swallowtail Papilio deiphobus Linnaeus, 1758 Papilio forbesi Grose-Smith, 1883 Papilio lampsacus Boisduval, 1836 Papilio lowi H. Druce, 1873 – Asian swallowtail or great yellow Mormon Papilio mayo Atkinson, 1873 – Andaman Mormon Papilio memnon Linnaeus, 1758 – great Mormon Papilio oenomaus Godart, 1819 Papilio polymnestor Cramer, [1775] – blue Mormon Papilio rumanzovia Eschscholtz, 1821 – scarlet Mormon or red Mormonspecies group : protenor species group : bootes subgenus : Chilasa Moore, [1881]
species group : agestor species group : clytia species group : veiovis species group : laglaizei species group : unnamed subgenus : Achillides Hübner, [1819]
species group : paris Papilio arcturus Westwood, 1842 – blue peacock Papilio bianor Cramer, [1777] – Chinese peacock Papilio chikae Igarashi, 1965 – Luzon peacock swallowtail Papilio dialis Leech, 1893 – southern Chinese peacock Papilio doddsi Janet, 1896 Papilio elephenor Doubleday, 1845 – yellow-crested spangle Papilio hoppo Matsumura, 1908 Papilio karna C. Felder & R. Felder, 1864 Papilio krishna Moore, 1857 – Krishna peacock Papilio longimacula Z.G. Wang & Y. Niu, 2002 Papilio maackii Ménétriés, 1859 – alpine black swallowtail Papilio paris Linnaeus, 1758 – Paris peacock Papilio polyctor Boisduval, 1836 – common peacock Malabar banded peacock ( Papilio buddha ) Common banded peacock ( Papilio crino ), India species group : palinurus species group : unnamed species group : ulysses subgenus : Heraclides Hübner, [1819]
species group : anchisiades Prickly ash swallowtail ( Papilio pelaus ), Jamaica species group : thoas Bahamian swallowtail ( Papilio andraemon ), Jamaica Papilio andraemon (Hübner, [1823]) – Bahaman swallowtail Papilio androgeus Cramer, [1775] – Androgeus swallowtail, queen page, or queen swallowtail Papilio aristodemus Esper, 1794 – Schaus' swallowtail or island swallowtail Papilio aristor Godart, 1819 – scarce Haitian swallowtail Papilio astyalus Godart, 1819 – broad-banded swallowtail or Astyalus swallowtail Papilio caiguanabus Poey, [1852] – Poey's black swallowtail Papilio cresphontes Cramer, [1777] – giant swallowtail Papilio homothoas Rothschild & Jordan, 1906 Papilio machaonides Esper, 1796 Papilio melonius Rothschild & Jordan, 1906 Papilio ornythion Boisduval, 1836 – Ornythion swallowtail Papilio paeon Boisduval, 1836 Papilio rumiko (Shiraiwa & Grishin, 2014) Papilio thersites Fabricius, 1775 – Thersites swallowtail or false Androgeus swallowtail Papilio thoas Linnaeus, 1771 – Thoas swallowtail or king swallowtailspecies group : torquatus species group : unnamed subgenus : Pterourus Scopoli, 1777
species group : troilus Spicebush swallowtail ( Papilio troilus ) species group : glaucus Canadian tiger swallowtail ( Papilio canadensis ), Canada Two-tailed swallowtail ( Papilio multicaudata ), Mexico species group : zagreus species group : scamander species group : homerus subgenus : Sinoprinceps Hancock, 1983
species group : xuthus Hancock, 1983 Papilio xuthus Linnaeus, 1767 – Asian, Xuthus, or Chinese yellow swallowtailExternal links Wikimedia Commons has media related to
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