Plantar interossei muscles

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Plantar interossei muscles
Gray447.png
The interossei plantares. Left foot.
Details
Origin Metatarsals, long plantar ligament
Insertion Medial side of proximal phalanges of 3rd to 5th toe
Artery Plantar artery, and dorsal metatarsal A
Nerve Lateral plantar nerve
Actions Adduct toes
Antagonist Dorsal interossei of the foot
Identifiers
Latin musculi interossei plantares
TA98 A04.7.02.071
TA2 2687
FMA 37458
Anatomical terms of muscle

In human anatomy, plantar interossei muscles are three muscles located between the metatarsal bones in the foot.

Contents

Structure

The three plantar interosseous muscles are unipennate, as opposed to the bipennate structure of dorsal interosseous muscles, and originate on a single metatarsal bone. The three muscles originate on the medial aspect of metatarsals III-V. The muscles cross the metatarsophalangeal joint of toes III-V so the insertions correspond with the origin and there is no crossing between toes. [1]

The muscles then continue distally along the foot and insert in the proximal phalanges III-V. The muscles cross the metatarsophalangeal joint of toes III-V so the insertions correspond with the origin and there is no crossing between toes. [1]

Innervation

All three plantar interosseous muscles are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve. The lateral plantar nerve is a branch from the tibial nerve, which originally branches off the sciatic nerve from the sacral plexus. [1]

Function

Since the intersseous muscles cross on the metatarsophalangeal joint, then they act on that specific joint and cause adduction of toes III, IV, and V. [1]

Adduction itself is not of extreme importance to the toes, but these muscles work together with the dorsal interosseous muscles in flexion of the foot. They also work together to strengthen the metatarsal arch. [2]

Additional images

See also

Related Research Articles

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The extensor digitorum brevis muscle is a muscle on the upper surface of the foot that helps extend digits 2 through 4.

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The Adductor hallucis arises by two heads—oblique and transverse and is responsible for adducting the big toe. It has two heads, both are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Third metatarsal bone</span> Long bone in the foot

The third metatarsal bone is a long bone in the foot. It is the second longest metatarsal, the longest being the second metatarsal. The third metatarsal is analogous to the third metacarpal bone in the hand

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Second metatarsal bone</span>

The second metatarsal bone is a long bone in the foot. It is the longest of the metatarsal bones, being prolonged backward and held firmly into the recess formed by the three cuneiform bones. The second metatarsal forms joints with the second proximal phalanx through the metatarsophalangeal joint, the cuneiform bones, third metatarsal and occasionally the first metatarsal bone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First metatarsal bone</span>

The first metatarsal bone is the bone in the foot just behind the big toe. The first metatarsal bone is the shortest of the metatarsal bones and by far the thickest and strongest of them.

The arcuate artery of the foot gives off the second, third, and fourth dorsal metatarsal arteries, which run forward upon the corresponding Interossei dorsales; in the clefts between the toes, each divides into two dorsal digital branches for the adjoining toes.

In the human foot, the plantar or volar plates are fibrocartilaginous structures found in the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints. The anatomy and composition of the plantar plates are similar to the palmar plates in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and interphalangeal joints in the hand; the proximal origin is thin but the distal insertion is stout. Due to the weight-bearing nature of the human foot, the plantar plates are exposed to extension forces not present in the human hand.

The interosseous muscles of the foot are muscles found near the metatarsal bones that help to control the toes. They are considered voluntary muscles.

References

PD-icon.svgThis article incorporates text in the public domain from page 495 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

  1. 1 2 3 4 Saladin, Kenneth (2012). Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. pp. 372–372, 498–499. ISBN   978-0-07-131638-5.
  2. O'Rahilly, Ronan. "Basic Human Anatomy". Dartmouth. Retrieved 12 December 2013.