Abductor digiti minimi muscle of foot

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Abductor digiti minimi muscle of foot
Abductor digiti minimi (foot).png
First layer of the muscles of the sole (abductor digiti minimi visible at center right).
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Superficial view of the plantar arteries (abductor digiti minimi visible at center right).
Details
Origin Plantar aponeurosis
Insertion Fifth toe or phalanges
Artery Lateral plantar artery
Nerve Lateral plantar nerve
Actions Flexion and abduction of the fifth toe
Antagonist Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle
Identifiers
Latin musculus abductor digiti minimi pedis
TA98 A04.7.02.063
TA2 2679
FMA 37451
Anatomical terms of muscle

The abductor digiti minimi (abductor minimi digiti, abductor digiti quinti) is a muscle which lies along the lateral (outer) border of the foot, [1] and is in relation by its medial margin with the lateral plantar artery, vein and nerves.

Contents

Its homolog in the arm is the abductor digiti minimi muscle in the hand.

Origin and insertion

It arises, by a broad origin, from the lateral process of the tuberosity of the calcaneus, from the under surface of the calcaneus between the two processes of the tuberosity, from the forepart of the medial process, from the plantar aponeurosis, and from the intermuscular septum between it and the flexor digitorum brevis. [2]

Its tendon, after gliding over a smooth facet on the under surface of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone, is inserted, with the flexor digiti quinti brevis, into the fibular side of the base of the first phalanx of the fifth toe. [2]

Innervation

The abductor digiti minimi is innervated by the lateral plantar nerve, a branch of the tibial nerve.

Function

Its function is flexion [3] and abduction of the fifth (little) toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint. [2] [3]

Clinical relevance

Due to its role in posture during all physical activity while in an upright position, the abductor digiti minimi is often the target of injury.[ citation needed ]

In case of polydactyly it may insert to the sixth toe instead, if there is one.[ citation needed ]

Etymology

The Latin name abductor digiti minimi translates to abductor of the small digit while the alternative name abductor digiti quinti means abductor of fifth digit.

Additional images

Related Research Articles

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The foot is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of one or more segments or bones, generally including claws and/or nails.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human leg</span> Lower extremity or limb of the human body (foot, lower leg, thigh and hip)

The leg is the entire lower limb of the human body, including the foot, thigh or sometimes even the hip or buttock region. The major bones of the leg are the femur, tibia, and adjacent fibula. The thigh is between the hip and knee, while the calf (rear) and shin (front) are between the knee and foot.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuboid bone</span> Bone of the ankle

In the human body, the cuboid bone is one of the seven tarsal bones of the foot.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calcaneus</span> Bone of the tarsus of the foot

In humans and many other primates, the calcaneus or heel bone is a bone of the tarsus of the foot which constitutes the heel. In some other animals, it is the point of the hock.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tibial nerve</span> Branch of the sciatic nerve

The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opponens digiti minimi muscle of hand</span> Muscle in the hypothenar compartment

The opponens digiti minimi is a muscle in the hand. It is of a triangular form, and placed immediately beneath the palmaris brevis, abductor digiti minimi and flexor digiti minimi brevis. It is one of the three hypothenar muscles that control the little finger.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fibularis brevis</span> Shorter and smaller of the fibularis (peroneus) muscles

In human anatomy, the fibularis brevis is a muscle that lies underneath the fibularis longus within the lateral compartment of the leg. It acts to tilt the sole of the foot away from the midline of the body (eversion) and to extend the foot downward away from the body at the ankle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abductor hallucis muscle</span> Intrinsic muscle of the foot

The abductor hallucis muscle is an intrinsic muscle of the foot. It participates in the abduction and flexion of the great toe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flexor hallucis brevis muscle</span> Muscle in sole of the foot that leads to the big toe

Flexor hallucis brevis muscle is a muscle of the foot that flexes the big toe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flexor digitorum brevis muscle</span> Lies in the middle of the sole of the foot

The flexor digitorum brevis is a muscle which lies in the middle of the sole of the foot, immediately above the central part of the plantar aponeurosis, with which it is firmly united.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quadratus plantae muscle</span> Muscles of the sole of the foot

The quadratus plantae is separated from the muscles of the first layer by the lateral plantar vessels and nerve. It acts to aid in flexing the 2nd to 5th toes and is one of the few muscles in the foot with no homolog in the hand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plantar nerve</span> Pair of nerves innervating the sole of the foot

The plantar nerves are a pair of nerves innervating the sole of the foot. They arise from the posterior branch of the tibial nerve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle of foot</span> Muscles of the sole of the foot in the third layer

The flexor digiti minimi brevis lies under the metatarsal bone on the little toe, and resembles one of the interossei.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abductor digiti minimi muscle of hand</span> Muscle in the hypothenar compartment

In human anatomy, the abductor digiti minimi is a skeletal muscle situated on the ulnar border of the palm of the hand. It forms the ulnar border of the palm and its spindle-like shape defines the hypothenar eminence of the palm together with the skin, connective tissue, and fat surrounding it. Its main function is to pull the little finger away from the other fingers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle of hand</span> Muscle in the hypothenar compartment

The flexor digiti minimi brevis is a hypothenar muscle in the hand that flexes the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint. It lies lateral to the abductor digiti minimi when the hand is in anatomical position.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sole (foot)</span> Bottom part of foot

In humans, the sole of the foot is anatomically referred to as the plantar aspect.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lateral plantar nerve</span>

The lateral plantar nerve is a branch of the tibial nerve, in turn a branch of the sciatic nerve and supplies the skin of the fifth toe and lateral half of the fourth, as well as most of the deep muscles, its distribution being similar to that of the ulnar nerve in the hand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lateral plantar artery</span>

The lateral plantar artery, much larger than the medial, passes obliquely lateralward and forward to the base of the fifth metatarsal bone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fifth metatarsal bone</span> Long bone in the foot

The fifth metatarsal bone is a long bone in the foot, and is palpable along the distal outer edges of the feet. It is the second smallest of the five metatarsal bones. The fifth metatarsal is analogous to the fifth metacarpal bone in the hand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve</span>

The superficial branch of the lateral plantar nerve splits into a proper and a common plantar digital nerve:

References

PD-icon.svgThis article incorporates text in the public domain from page 492 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918).

  1. Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, A. Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W. M. (2010). Gray´s Anatomy for Students (2nd ed.). pp. 618–619. ISBN   978-0-443-06952-9.
  2. 1 2 3 "Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body". Bartleby.com. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
  3. 1 2 Bojsen-Møller, Finn; Simonsen, Erik B.; Tranum-Jensen, Jørgen (2001). Bevægeapparatets anatomi[Anatomy of the Locomotive Apparatus] (in Danish) (12th ed.). pp. 364–367. ISBN   978-87-628-0307-7.