Tropical Storm Debby (2012)

Last updated

Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

During mid-June, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) made its annual migration northward into the southern Gulf of Mexico. Coinciding with a Madden–Julian oscillation, a weak surface low pressure area developed on June 19, and subsequently moved inland over the Yucatán Peninsula. While the system crossed the peninsula, a tropical wave moved through the northwestern Caribbean Sea on June 18. The wave reached the Gulf of Mexico on June 20 and merged with the low a few days later, spawning a trough of low pressure on June 22. Located in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico, moderate vertical wind shear caused the system to remain disorganized. Nonetheless, Air Force Reserve Hurricane Hunter aircraft indicated that the trough acquired a low-level circulation on June 23, while ships in the area reported tropical storm force winds. Thus, it is estimated that Tropical Storm Debby developed at 1200 UTC on June 23, centered about 290 miles (470 km) south of mouth of the Mississippi River. [1]

A forecast track prediction for Tropical Storm Debby on June 24, showing a path toward Texas AL042012 5W 003 0.png
A forecast track prediction for Tropical Storm Debby on June 24, showing a path toward Texas

Becoming a tropical storm on June 23, Debby became the earliest fourth named storm in the Atlantic basin, surpassing the old record set by Hurricane Dennis on July 5, 2005, however with 2016's Danielle the record was beaten by three days. Initially, Debby was predicted to curve westward and potentially threaten Texas. [2] A deepening trough would curve the storm westward, while wind shear was predicted to decrease. [3] Although the storm generated very cold cloud tops, much of the convection was located more than 100 miles (160 km) from the center and still displaced to the east. [4] By 1200 UTC on June 24, the forecast path was shifted from east-central Texas to southeastern Louisiana. [5] Despite persistent wind shear, Debby was strengthening and around that time, the storm attained its maximum sustained wind speed of 65 mph (100 km/h). [1] Later on June 24, the National Hurricane Center noted in its next advisory that this "is a very difficult and highly uncertain forecast", citing Debby's slow movement and widespread computer forecast models. [6]

The forecast track for Debby was shifted significantly to the east late on June 24, and it was predicted that the storm would move northward and make landfall near Panama City, Florida. [7] Based on a dropsonde estimate, Debby attained its minimum barometric pressure of 990  mbar (29  inHg ) at 0000 UTC on June 25. However, the storm began to weaken due to increasing wind shear, drier air, and upwelling of cold water, caused by Debby's slow movement. [1] It was initially composed of multiple small swirls, but consolidated into one well-defined low-level circulation by early on June 25. [8] Due to its excessively slow movement and no prediction for acceleration, the National Hurricane Center remarked that, "the cyclone does not seem to be going anywhere anytime soon." [9] A burst in deep convection occurred later on June 25, though adverse environmental conditions prevented re-intensification. Debby began curving east-northeastward and began to speed up on June 26, in response to a mid-latitude trough digging into the western Atlantic Ocean. While approaching the Florida Big Bend, Debby produced only a small area of deep convection on satellite imagery. [1]

At 2100 UTC June 26, Debby made landfall near Steinhatchee, Florida with winds of 40 mph (65 km/h). The storm weakened quickly after moving inland, and by early on June 27, it was downgraded to a tropical depression, while located about 35 miles (56 km) north of Gainesville, Florida. Debby maintained tropical cyclone status while crossing Florida, but degenerated into a trough of low pressure by 1800 UTC on June 27. [1] In the final advisory issued by the National Hurricane Center three hours later, the agency noted that Debby could eventually reacquire tropical characteristics. [10] After its dissipation, however, the remnants did not regenerate into a tropical cyclone, but re-developed a new center of circulation and strengthened slightly due to baroclinic conditions. As it accelerated northward, Debby's remnants became increasingly frontal in nature, and once again degenerated into an open trough at 1800 UTC on June 30; at this time, the disturbance was located south of Newfoundland. [1]

Preparations

Tropical Storm Debby near landfall in Florida on June 26 Debby Jun 26 2012 1845Z.jpg
Tropical Storm Debby near landfall in Florida on June 26

Upon development of Debby on June 23, a tropical storm warning was issued from the mouth of the Pearl River to Morgan City, Louisiana, excluding New Orleans or Lake Pontchartrain. On the following day, a separate tropical storm warning was put into effect from the Mississippi and Alabama border to the mouth of the Ochlockonee River in Florida. At 1500 UTC on June 24, the tropical storm warning was extended to the mouth of the Suwannee River. Simultaneously, a tropical storm watch was issued from the Suwannee River to Anclote Key. These were all canceled at 1500 UTC on June 25, though a tropical storm warning was then implemented from Destin to Englewood, Florida. Early on June 26, a tropical storm warning was issued from Mexico Beach to Englewood, Florida. By 2100 UTC that day, the tropical storm warning was extended to the mouth of Steinhatchee River in Florida. This was discontinued after Debby became a tropical depression. [1]

Several additional preparations took place in addition to tropical cyclone warnings and watches. According to the Federal government of the United States, nearly 25% of crude oil and natural gas production in the Gulf of Mexico was shut down. In Louisiana, Governor Bobby Jindal declared a state of emergency. [11] On June 24, voluntary evacuations were issued for several areas in northwest Florida during the approach of the storm, especially Taylor and Wakulla Counties. [12] Governor of Florida Rick Scott also declared a state of emergency on June 25. [13] Additionally, mandatory evacuations were issued for St. George Island, [14] Alligator Point, and other low-lying areas of Franklin County. [12]

Impact

Throughout the Southeastern United States, eight people were killed in relation to Tropical Storm Debby. Of these, seven took place in Florida and one in Alabama. [15] Throughout Central and South Florida, the outer bands of the storm spawned 13 tornadoes: five in Collier County, two in Glades County, one in Hardee County, two in Highlands County, one in Miami-Dade County, and two in Palm Beach County. Overall, losses from the storm were estimated to have reached at least $250 million. [1]

Florida

North Florida and Panhandle

Storm total rainfall from Debby in the United States Debby 2012 rainfall.png
Storm total rainfall from Debby in the United States

Throughout June 25, an intense complex of thunderstorms developed to the north of Debby's center and produced torrential rains over the Florida Panhandle for much of the day. [1] Many areas received rainfall in excess of 15 inches (380 mm). Precipitation peaked at 28.78 inches (731 mm) in Curtis Mill, which is located in Wakulla County. In Panacea, a Mesonet station recorded a 24‑hour rainfall of 20.63 inches (524 mm). [1] Rainfall caused numerous small creeks, streams, and rivers to rapidly exceed their banks and flood adjacent communities. The Sopchoppy River crested at 36.8 feet (11.2 m), which was a record height. Numerous homes were flooded, some up to the second story. Two bridges were damaged, and numerous roads around the county were washed out or closed. Over 400 structures were affected by flooding, including more than 170 mobile homes and nearly 200 single-family residences. Of these structures, 40 were destroyed, 61 had major flood damage, 41 suffered minor flood damage, and 271 were affected by flooding. Additionally, coastal flooding impacted the county, with a storm surge of 4 feet (1.2 m) and tides up 6.5 feet (2.0 m) in St. Marks. Numerous roads were underwater and several area businesses received water intrusion in that city. U.S. Route 98 was over-washed just north of St. Marks. As a result, mandatory evacuations were ordered south of U.S. Route 98 and around the Sopchoppy River. In total, 67 people required rescuing. [16] Losses throughout the county were assessed at $9.09 million. [17]

The storm also produced adverse effects in Franklin County. In Apalachicola, a gust of 65 mph (105 km/h) was observed as well as 6.03 inches (153 mm) of rainfall on June 24, [18] resulting in widespread flash flooding. [16] The John Gorrie Memorial Bridge connecting Apalachicola to Eastpoint was closed on June 24 due to high winds. [19] A wind gust of 66 mph (106 km/h) was reported at the Apalachicola Regional Airport. The St. George Island Bridge, a 4 miles (6.4 km) bridge connecting Eastpoint to St. George Island over the Apalachicola Bay, was also closed on June 24 due to high winds. [19] The bridge was opened later that day as both St. George Island and Alligator Point were put under a mandatory evacuation, requiring all people to leave immediately, and those remaining on the islands subject to arrest. [20] [21] St. George Island, a popular resort community and tourist destination, lost all power on June 24 due to high winds destroying three power poles in the Apalachicola Bay; a Progress Energy spokesperson stated that it could be days before power was restored because the conditions are too unsafe for workers. [21] In Bay County, moderate beach erosion occurred, with a storm surge reaching 1.5 feet (0.46 m) and storm tide of 2.42 feet (0.74 m) in Panama City. Flooding forced the closure of a few roads in Jefferson County, including U.S. Route 27 west of U.S. Route 19. [16]

In Madison County, one house was surrounded by in overflowing retention pond near the city of Madison. State Road 51 in Lafayette County flooded, caused by the Steinhatchee River exceeding its banks. In Dixie County, several roads north of Cross City experienced flooding, while water entered at least 40 homes along the Steinhatchee River. Moderate coastal flooding occurred in Horseshoe Beach, due to an estimated storm surge of 4 feet (1.2 m), with tides reaching 7 feet (2.1 m) above normal. Water entered several homes near the coast and surrounded outbuildings by up to 1.5 feet (0.46 m). [16] In Columbia County, preliminary losses were placed in excess of $20 million as of July 3 and did not take into account hundreds of homes that remained flooded at the time. [22] Several bridges were washed out due to the heavy rain; both U.S. Route 319 and U.S. Route 98 were closed due to flooding. [14] In Suwannee County, the Suwannee River at Live Oak reached its highest crest since Hurricane Dora in 1964. [1] Gainesville received its second-highest daily rain total of 6.95 inches (177 mm) on June 24. [23] In Marion County, up to 10.25 inches (260 mm) of rain was reported near Fellowship. As a result, State Road 40 was closed due to high water. Additionally, as many as 52 sinkholes were reported to have formed along roadways in the county. Flooding also occurred in Duval County. The public reported that water entered a home on Rose Street in Jacksonville. Streets were flooded in Orange Park, and water approached the doors of houses, forcing some residents to evacuate. The St. Marys River reached historic heights and flooded a lot homes in Baker and Nassau Counties. [16]

Central Florida

A street flooding in Largo, Florida, during Debby. Largo, FL street flooding during TS Debby, June 2012.jpg
A street flooding in Largo, Florida, during Debby.

In Levy County, tropical storm force winds were felt along the coast. Heavy rainfall was reported across the county, with the CoCoRaHS site near Chiefland of receiving 13.42 inches (341 mm). At Cedar Key, tides reached 6.78 feet (2.07 m) mean lower low water on June 25. The highest storm surge was estimated to have peaked at 4.49 feet (1.37 m) mean lower low water. A few buildings were flooded by the storm surge at Cedar Key and Yankeetown. In total, damage to public property was approximately $175,000. Rainfall was generally above 9 inches (230 mm) across Citrus County, and peaked at 12.07 inches (307 mm) near Hernando. Several homes were flooded with 1 to 3 feet (0.30 to 0.91 m) of water. Significant street flooding was reported at Kings Bay, while several streets were inundated by up to 2 feet (0.61 m) of water in Homosassa. Overall, damage was minor, reaching about $127,000. The storm dropped heavy rainfall in Hernando County, with 15.53 inches (394 mm) in Spring Hill. A portion of State Road 589 was shutdown between State Road 50 and U.S. Route 98, with as much as 5 feet (1.5 m) of standing water on that stretch of the highway. [16] Along the Anclote and Pithlachascotee Rivers in Pasco County, emergency managers ordered mandatory evacuations for 14,000–20,000 people as the rivers rose dramatically. The Anclote River rose from 9 ft (2.7 m) to 27 ft (8.2 m), well above major flood stage, leaving surrounding areas in "head-deep" water. At least 106 homes in the county were damaged by flood waters. [24] Additionally, a tornado near New Port Richey caused major damage to five homes. [1] Throughout the county, damage to private property was $1.5 million, while public property losses were estimated at $26 million. [25]

Mesocyclone tracks associated with the outer rainbands of Tropical Storm Debby across Florida on June 24. Tropical Storm Debby Tornado Map.png
Mesocyclone tracks associated with the outer rainbands of Tropical Storm Debby across Florida on June 24.

A man drowned near Lake Dorr in Lake County after his canoe capsized along a river in Ocala National Forest. [1] In Polk County, a woman died after her car hydroplaned on a flooded road. Another person drowned on a river in the after his canoe capsized; however, it is unknown whether or not his death was attributable to Debby. [26] Throughout Polk County, 115 homes were damaged, mainly as a result of tornadoes, and losses were estimated at $5 million. [27] A tornado in Hardee County felled several trees and damaged a tractor and a barn. In Glades County, one tornado caused minor roof damage to a barn in Muse, while the other resulted in no effects. In Highlands County, four homes were destroyed and twenty-four more were damaged to varying degrees by two tornadoes. Losses in the county reached approximately $1.4 million. Several homes were damaged by the two twisters in Highlands County, with one resulting in a fatality near Venus. In St. Petersburg, a gust of 45 mph (72 km/h) was observed, while 1.88 inches (48 mm) of rain fell in a one-hour period. [1] With the substantial loss of beaches, tourism in the region is expected to suffer significantly. [28] Portions of Upham Beach in Pinellas County were completely eroded up to the seawall and other areas in that county had lost 20 to 30 ft (6.1 to 9.1 m) of sand. On Treasure Island, coastal dunes were eroded by 10 to 15 ft (3.0 to 4.6 m). In Pass-a-Grille, Debby's storm surge flooded coastal hotels with ankle-deep water as the dunes were washed away. [28] Throughout St. Pete Beach, 30–40 homes were damaged by a tornado spawned by Debby. Losses throughout the city were estimated at $1.5 million. [29] In Hillsborough County, wind gusts of 39 to 51 mph (63 to 82 km/h) were measured at MacDill Air Force Base. Rainfall was at least 5 inches (130 mm) across much of the county and peaked at 11.91 inches (303 mm) near Citrus Park. The storm damage 74 buildings, 6 of which were destroyed. The highest storm surge was estimated to have reached 4.07 feet (1.24 m) in height. As a result, portions of Bay Shore Boulevard were inundated for three days. [16]

On Anna Maria Island in Manatee County, water reached the retention walls of several condos, some of which were undermined, allowing water to enter beach-side pools. The most significant losses were on the south side of the island where up to half of the dunes were lost. [30] In Sarasota County, as much as 10.9 inches (280 mm) of rain fell near the city of Sarasota. [1] Wind and floods damaged 52 structures, with losses reaching $540,000. At Lido Beach, high water flooded a parking lot. Damage to area beaches from erosion was estimated at $1.9 million. [16] A state of emergency was declared due to storm surge damage in the county. The first tornado in Collier County caused minor roof damage to a few structures near Naples on June 23. A second tornado in the county later that day broke light poles and snapped tree limbs in North Naples, with one person being injured by a falling branch. Three others twisters were spawned in Collier County on June 24, though damage was no more than a few downed trees. [31] The Charlotte County Airport recorded a 55 mph (89 km/h) wind gust, while the highest rainfall total was 5.25 inches (133 mm) near Englewood. Damage reached $2.5 million and was mostly from beach erosion and coastal flooding. In Lee County, rainfall peaked at 4.95 inches (126 mm) in Cape Coral. Rough tides and storm surge caused beach erosion and coastal flooding, especially at Captiva and Sanibel Islands. The county suffered approximately $2.3 million in losses. [16]

South Florida and Elsewhere

Minor flooding caused by Debby in South Florida. Edges of Tropical Storm Debby in South Florida.jpg
Minor flooding caused by Debby in South Florida.

At the Palm Beach International Airport in West Palm Beach,1.51 inches (38 mm) of precipitation fell in only one hour. [32] Further south in Pompano Beach, 4.32 inches (110 mm) of rain was reported in a 24-hour period. [33] A tornado in Palm Beach County damaged a few houses and some vegetation in Lake Worth. The other twister in Palm Beach County snapped some trees, blew a gate across a street, and broke a railroad crossing arm. A waterspout offshore Miami-Dade County moved inland near Golden Beach and twisted three gates and blew open a garage door. [31] Offshore in the Gulf of Mexico, nine oil production platforms and one drilling rig were damaged. Overall, United States oil production decreased by 2%. [34] On June 25, 44% of the daily oil and 33% of the daily natural gas production in the Gulf of Mexico was shut down. The following day, companies began returning employees to platforms and production was rapidly restored. [24] A man in Orange Beach, Alabama drowned after being swept away by heavy surf. [1] Heavy rainfall from Debby extended northward into southern Georgia, peaking at 12.7 inches (320 mm) in Fargo. [35] Localized and isolated flooding occurred in nearby Lowndes County, with up to 1 foot (0.30 m) of water in the parking lot at a Sonny's restaurant in Lake Park. [16] The remnants of Debby passed about 90 miles (140 km) north of Bermuda on June 29 and produced tropical storm force winds on the island, but caused no damage. [1]

Aftermath

Following the storm, U,S. president Barack Obama issued a disaster declaration for Baker, Bradford, Citrus, Clay, Columbia, Duval, Franklin, Gilchrist, Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Lafayette, Manatee, Nassau, Pasco, Pinellas, Polk, Sarasota, Suwannee, Taylor, Union, and Wakulla Counties of Florida. [36] In Citrus County, total individual assistance of $127,000 was paid out to 140 residents, including $112,000 in damage to housing. A total of 1,671 applications for individual assistance were filed in Pinellas County, totaling $900,000. [16]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Agnes</span> Category 1 Atlantic hurricane in 1972

Hurricane Agnes was the costliest hurricane to hit the United States at the time, causing an estimated $2.1 billion in damage. The hurricane's death toll was 128. The effects of Agnes were widespread, from the Caribbean to Canada, with much of the east coast of the United States affected. Damage was heaviest in Pennsylvania, where Agnes was the state's wettest tropical cyclone. Due to the significant effects, the name Agnes was retired in the spring of 1973.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Michelle</span> Category 4 Atlantic hurricane in 2001

Hurricane Michelle was the fifth costliest tropical cyclone in Cuban history and the strongest hurricane of the 2001 Atlantic hurricane season. The thirteenth named storm and seventh hurricane that year, Michelle developed from a tropical wave that had traversed into the western Caribbean Sea on October 29; the wave had initially moved off the coast of Africa 13 days prior. In its early developmental stages, the depression meandered over Nicaragua, later paralleling the Mosquito Coast before intensifying into tropical storm intensity on November 1; Michelle was upgraded to hurricane strength the following day. Shortly after, rapid intensification ensued within favorable conditions, with the storm's central barometric pressure dropping 51 mbar in 29 hours. After a slight fluctuation in strength, Michelle reached its peak intensity as a Category 4 hurricane with winds of 140 mph (230 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 933 mbar. This tied Michelle with 1999's Lenny as the fourth most powerful November hurricane on record in the Atlantic Basin, behind only the 1932 Cuba hurricane and 2020 Hurricanes Iota and Eta. At roughly the same time, the hurricane began to accelerate northeastward; this brought the intense hurricane to a Cuban landfall within the Bay of Pigs later that day. Crossing over the island, Michelle was weakened significantly, and was only a Category 1 hurricane upon reentry into the Atlantic Ocean. The hurricane later transitioned into an extratropical cyclone over The Bahamas on November 5, before being absorbed by a cold front the following day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1960 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1960 Atlantic hurricane season was the least active season since 1952. The season officially began on June 15, and lasted until November 15. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. The first system, an unnamed storm, developed in the Bay of Campeche on June 22. It brought severe local flooding to southeastern Texas and was considered the worst disaster in some towns since a Hurricane in 1945. The unnamed storm moved across the United States for almost a week before dissipating on June 29. In July, Hurricane Abby resulted in minor damage in the Leeward Islands, before impacting a few Central American counties — the remnants of the storm would go on to form Hurricane Celeste in the East Pacific. Later that month, Tropical Storm Brenda caused flooding across much of the East Coast of the United States. The next storm, Hurricane Cleo, caused no known impact, despite its close proximity to land.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1968 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1968 Atlantic hurricane season was a below average hurricane season during which only nine nameable storms developed. The season officially began on June 1 and lasted until November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. Of the named storms, five strengthened into hurricanes; none however intensified into a major hurricane. Only four other seasons since the start of the satellite era—1972, 1986, 1994, and 2013—did not feature a major hurricane. The first system, Hurricane Abby, developed in the northwestern Caribbean on June 1. Abby moved northward and struck Cuba, bringing heavy rainfall and flooding to western portions of the island. Making landfall in Florida on June 4, Abby caused flooding and spawned four tornadoes, but left behind little damage. Overall, the hurricane resulted in six deaths and about $450,000 (1968 USD) in damage. In late June, Tropical Storm Candy brought minor flooding and spawned several tornadoes across portions of the Southern United States. Overall damage from the cyclone reached approximately $2.7 million. 1968 featured two simultaneously active tropical storms during the month of June, a phenomenon that would not occur again until 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1982 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1982 Atlantic hurricane season was an extremely inactive Atlantic hurricane season with five named tropical storms and one subtropical storm. Two storms became hurricanes, one of which reached major hurricane status. The season officially began on June 1, 1982, and lasted until November 30, 1982. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. Activity started early with Hurricane Alberto forming on the first day of the season. Alberto threatened the Southwestern Florida coast as a tropical storm, meadering offshore in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico and causing 23 fatalities in Cuba. The next system, a subtropical storm, formed later in June and affected the same area as Alberto, causing $10 million in damage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1985 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the North Atlantic Ocean

The 1985 Atlantic hurricane season had six United States landfalling hurricanes, tied with 1886 and 2020 for the highest number on record. The season officially began on June 1 and lasted until November 30. It was an average season, with 11 named storms developing. This was partially attributed to a La Niña – a meteorological phenomenon that produces favorable conditions across the Atlantic basin, such as lower wind shear and higher sea surface temperatures. The first storm, Ana, developed on July 15 near Bermuda and caused minor effects in Canada while transitioning into an extratropical cyclone. Three other tropical cyclones – Claudette, Henri, and Isabel – did not significantly affect land. Claudette developed offshore of the Southeastern United States and brushed Bermuda and the Azores. Henri and Isabel were dissipating as they approached land. However, the precursor of the latter caused a severe flood in Puerto Rico that killed 180 people. Additionally, Tropical Storm Fabian and three tropical depressions did not have any known impact on land.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Danny (1985)</span> Category 1 Atlantic hurricane in 1985

Hurricane Danny produced 13 significant (F2+) tornadoes in the Southern United States during August 1985, the most spawned by a tropical cyclone until Hurricane Ivan in 2004. The fourth named storm and third hurricane of the season, Danny developed from a tropical wave in the northwestern Caribbean Sea on August 12. The system moved northwestward and initially remained weak. Early on August 13, it brushed Cape San Antonio, Cuba before emerging the Gulf of Mexico later that day. The system then intensified into Tropical Storm Danny on August 14. Danny deepened further and became a hurricane early on the following day, while beginning to re-curve north-northwestward. Late on August 16, Danny attained its peak intensity with winds of 90 mph (150 km/h). Shortly thereafter, the storm made landfall near Grand Chenier, Louisiana at the same intensity. Early on August 17, Danny weakened to a tropical storm and was downgraded to a tropical depression several hours later. It moved east-northeastward across the Southeastern United States, until dissipating over southeastern Virginia on August 18.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Jerry (1989)</span> Category 1 Atlantic Hurricane in 1989

Hurricane Jerry caused minor damage in Texas and flash flooding in Kentucky and Virginia in October 1989. The fourteenth tropical cyclone, tenth named storm, and seventh hurricane of the season, Jerry developed from a tropical wave in the Bay of Campeche on October 12. Initially a tropical depression, the system moved north-northwestward across the Gulf of Mexico and strengthened into Tropical Storm Jerry early on the following day. Jerry continuously deepened until October 14 and then maintained intensity while curving northeastward and briefly decelerating. Later that day, the storm re-curved north-northwestward. Jerry began to intensify on October 15 and soon became a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Early on October 16, Jerry made landfall on Galveston Island, Texas with winds of 85 miles per hour (137 km/h). Less than six hours later, Jerry weakened to a tropical storm and then a tropical depression shortly thereafter. Late on October 16, Jerry was absorbed by a frontal system while situated over southwestern Arkansas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Debby (2000)</span> Category 1 Atlantic hurricane in 2000

Hurricane Debby caused minor damage in the Greater and Lesser Antilles in August 2000. The seventh tropical cyclone, fourth named storm, and second hurricane of the annual season, Debby developed from a tropical wave east of the Lesser Antilles on August 19. Favorable conditions allowed the depression to become Tropical Storm Debby early on August 20, and further strengthening into a hurricane occurred 24 hours later. Sustained winds peaked at 85 mph (137 km/h) on August 21. Debby made three landfalls on August 22, in Barbuda, Saint Barthélemy, and Virgin Gorda, before re-entering the Atlantic north of Puerto Rico. As Debby moved parallel to the north coast of Hispaniola late on August 23, it weakened back to a tropical storm. The storm tracked westward and weakened further, instead of approaching Florida and strengthening into a major hurricane. While south of eastern Cuba on August 24, Debby was downgraded to a tropical depression, six hours before completely dissipating.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Beryl (1994)</span> Atlantic tropical storm in 1994

Tropical Storm Beryl caused flooding in several states in the Eastern United States in August 1994. The second named storm and third tropical cyclone of the annual hurricane season, Beryl developed from an upper-level low pressure area over the northeastern Gulf of Mexico on August 14. Initially a tropical depression, the system intensified into a tropical storm about 24 hours after forming. Beryl then moved slowly northeastward and peaked with maximum sustained winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) before making landfall near Panama City, Florida, early on August 16. Within 12 hours of moving inland, the storm weakened to a tropical depression, but persisted as a tropical cyclone for a few days while traversing the Eastern United States. Beryl was absorbed by a frontal system while situated over Connecticut early on August 19.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Abby (1968)</span> Category 1 Atlantic hurricane in 1968

Hurricane Abby made landfall in Cuba, Florida, and North Carolina in June 1968. The first tropical cyclone, first named storm, and first hurricane on the season, Abby developed over the northwestern Caribbean Sea on June 1, as a result of the interaction between a mid-tropospheric trough and a cold front. Moving generally north-northeastward, the depression slowly strengthened while approaching the western tip of Cuba, becoming Tropical Storm Abby late on June 2. Shortly thereafter, Abby made landfall in Pinar del Río Province. The storm dropped heavy rainfall in western Cuba, with up to 12 inches (300 mm) on Isla de la Juventud. However, no flooding was reported. After reaching the southeastern Gulf of Mexico on June 3, Abby strengthened further and became a Category 1 hurricane on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. However, early on June 4, Abby weakened to a tropical storm. Around midday on June 4, the system made landfall near Punta Gorda, Florida as a strong tropical storm.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1987 Gulf Coast tropical storm</span> Atlantic tropical storm in 1987

The 1987 Gulf Coast tropical storm caused flooding along the Gulf Coast of the United States. The second tropical cyclone and first tropical storm of the 1987 Atlantic hurricane season, it originated from a tropical wave in the Gulf of Mexico, southeast of Texas, on August 9. Initially a tropical depression, the cyclone moved north-northwestward and slightly intensified into a tropical storm later that day. By August 10, it made landfall between Galveston and Beaumont. The system weakened after moving inland and turned towards the east and later southeast. Briefly reemerging over the Gulf on August 15, the depression moved onshore a second time in Florida, before dissipating over eastern Georgia on August 17.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Bret (1981)</span> Atlantic tropical storm in 1981

Tropical Storm Bret made a rare landfall on the Delmarva Peninsula in June 1981. The sixth tropical cyclone, third designated tropical depression, and second named storm of the season, Bret developed as a subtropical storm from a large area of frontal clouds near Bermuda on June 29. Moving westward, the subtropical storm intensified while producing deep convection, and was consequently reclassified as a tropical storm early on June 30. Around that time, Bret peaked with sustained winds of 70 mph (110 km/h). The storm then began weakening and struck near Oyster, Virginia as a minimal tropical storm early on July 1. Upon moving inland, Bret weakened to a tropical depression and subsequently accelerated prior to dissipating over northern Virginia that same day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1960 Texas tropical storm</span> Atlantic tropical storm in 1960

The 1960 Texas tropical storm brought severe but localized flooding to southeastern Texas in June 1960. The first tropical cyclone and first tropical storm of the 1960 Atlantic hurricane season, this system developed from an area of showers and thunderstorms in the Bay of Campeche on June 22. Initially a tropical depression, it strengthened and was estimated to have reached tropical storm status on June 23. Early on the following day, the storm peaked with winds of 60 mph (97 km/h). Later that day, it made landfall near Corpus Christi, Texas, at the same intensity. The storm weakened slowly and moved across the Central United States, before dissipating over Illinois on June 28.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Effects of Hurricane Isaac in Florida</span>

The effects of Hurricane Isaac in Florida were severe local flooding in South Florida and tornadoes in Central and Northern Florida in August 2012. Hurricane Isaac formed from a tropical wave while located east of the Lesser Antilles on August 21, 2012. The storm moved westward, crossed through the Leeward Islands, and entered the Caribbean Sea on August 22. Isaac initially struggled to intensify and defied predictions of it strengthening into a hurricane. The storm made its first landfall in Haiti as a midgrade tropical storm prior to making a second one in Cuba later that day. It remained somewhat disorganized while moving through the Straits of Florida and passed near the Florida Keys on August 27. The storm threatened to strike the Tampa Bay Area during the 2012 Republican National Convention and move ashore in the Florida Panhandle as a major hurricane. However, it continued northwestward and avoided landfall in the state. The storm finally became a hurricane late on August 28. Isaac made two landfalls in Louisiana on August 29, the first near the mouth of the Mississippi River and the other near Port Fourchon. The storm steadily weakened and eventually dissipated over Missouri on September 1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Andrea (2013)</span> Atlantic Tropical storm in the 2013

Tropical Storm Andrea brought flooding to Cuba, the Yucatan Peninsula, and portions of the East Coast of the United States in June 2013. The first tropical cyclone and named storm of the annual hurricane season, Andrea originated from an area of low pressure in the eastern Gulf of Mexico on June 5. Despite strong wind shear and an abundance of dry air, the storm strengthened while initially heading north-northeastward. Later on June 5, it re-curved northeastward and approached the Big Bend region of Florida. Andrea intensified and peaked as a strong tropical storm with winds at 65 mph (105 km/h) on June 6. A few hours later, the storm weakened slightly and made landfall near Steinhatchee, Florida later that day. It began losing tropical characteristics while tracking across Florida and Georgia. Andrea transitioned into an extratropical cyclone over South Carolina on June 7, though the remnants continued to move along the East Coast of the United States, until being absorbed by another extratropical system offshore Maine on June 10.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Colin (2016)</span> Atlantic tropical storm in 2016

Tropical Storm Colin was the earliest third named storm in the Atlantic basin on record for four years, until it was surpassed by Tropical Storm Cristobal in 2020. An atypical, poorly organized tropical cyclone, Colin developed from a low pressure area over the Gulf of Mexico near the northern coast of the Yucatán Peninsula late on June 5, 2016. Moving northward, the depression strengthened into a tropical storm about eight hours after its formation. On June 6, Colin curved to the north-northeast and intensified slightly to winds of 50 mph (80 km/h). Strong wind shear prevented further strengthening and resulted in the system maintaining a disheveled appearance on satellite imagery. Later, the storm began accelerating to the northeast. Early on June 7, Colin made landfall in rural Taylor County, Florida, still at peak intensity. The system rapidly crossed northern Florida and emerged into the Atlantic Ocean several hours later. By late on June 7, Colin transitioned into an extratropical cyclone offshore North Carolina before being absorbed by a frontal boundary the following day.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Todd B. Kimberlain (January 7, 2013). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Debby (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Retrieved January 7, 2013.
  2. ↑ Robbie J. Berg and Lixion A. Avila (June 23, 2012). Tropical Storm Debby Discussion Number 1 (TXT). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  3. ↑ Stacy R. Stewart (June 24, 2012). Tropical Storm Debby Discussion Number 2 (TXT). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  4. ↑ Richard J. Pasch (June 24, 2012). "Tropical Storm Debby Discussion Number 3". National Hurricane Center. Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  5. ↑ Lixion A. Avila (June 24, 2012). Tropical Storm Debby Special Discussion Number 4 (TXT). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  6. ↑ Lixion A. Avila (June 24, 2012). Tropical Storm Debby Discussion Number 5 (TXT). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  7. ↑ Lixion A. Avila (June 24, 2012). Tropical Storm Debby Discussion Number 6 (TXT). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  8. ↑ Stacy R. Stewart (June 25, 2012). Tropical Storm Debby Discussion Number 7 (TXT). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  9. ↑ Richard J. Pasch (June 25, 2012). Tropical Storm Debby Discussion Number 8 (TXT). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  10. ↑ Todd B. Kimberlain (June 27, 2012). Post-Tropical Cyclone Debby Discussion Number 18 (TXT). National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  11. ↑ "Tropical Storm Debby turns sights on Florida, Alabama; Gulf oil production curtailed". NBC News . June 24, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2013.
  12. 1 2 "Tropical Storm Debby spawns fatal tornado in Florida, drenches coast". CNN . June 24, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2013.
  13. ↑ "Slow-moving Tropical Storm Debby drenches Florida, spawns tornadoes". NBC News. June 25, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2013.
  14. 1 2 David Adlerstein (June 26, 2012). "BREAKING: More flooding closes more roads". Apalach Times. Apalachicola, FL. Archived from the original on June 27, 2012. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
  15. ↑ Brent Kallestad (June 28, 2012). "Fla. officials say 7 state deaths related to Debby". ABC13. Associated Press. Retrieved June 29, 2012.[ permanent dead link ]
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Rhonda Herndon (2012). Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: June 2012 (PDF). National Climatic Data Center (Report). Asheville, North Carolina: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 120. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  17. ↑ "Tropical Storm Debby Recovery Efforts in Wakulla County". WCTV. July 4, 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2012.
  18. ↑ Record Event Report for Apalachicola. National Weather Service Office in Tallahassee, Florida (Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. June 25, 2012. Archived from the original on March 4, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  19. 1 2 "Tropical Storm Debby hits the Big Bend". WTXL. June 25, 2012. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
  20. ↑ "Franklin County and Gulf County Prepare for TS Debby". WJHG. June 25, 2012. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
  21. 1 2 Jeff Burlew (June 25, 2012). "In the field: Reports from Franklin County". Tallahassee Democrat. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
  22. ↑ "Tropical Storm Debby damages top $20 million in Columbia County". Central Florida News 13. July 3, 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2012.
  23. ↑ "History for Tallahassee, FL". Weather Underground. June 24, 2012. Retrieved June 24, 2012.
  24. 1 2 Michael Peltier (June 26, 2012). "Tropical Storm Debby rains misery on flooded Florida". Reuters. Tallahassee, Florida. Archived from the original on June 26, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  25. ↑ Elvina Nawaguna (June 29, 2012). "Polk's Damage From Tropical Storm Debby Estimated at $5 Million". The Ledger . Retrieved July 2, 2012.
  26. ↑ Michael Peltier (June 27, 2012). "Former storm Debby churns away from sodden Florida". Yahoo! News . Tallahassee, Florida. Reuters. Archived from the original on July 7, 2012. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
  27. ↑ Ryan Raiche (June 28, 2012). "Polk County estimates Debby will cost about $5 million". ABC Action News. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  28. 1 2 Anna M. Phillips, Jamal Thalji and Craig Pittman (June 27, 2012). "Debby's damaged beaches may hurt tourism industry". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
  29. ↑ Leigh Armstrong (June 26, 2012). "St. Pete Beach Storm Damage: $1.5 Million". Pinellas Beaches Patch. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
  30. ↑ Sara Kennedy (June 27, 2012). "Tropical Storm Debby seriously eroding Manatee beaches". Bradenton Herald. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
  31. 1 2 Pallavi Agarwal (June 28, 2012). "Highlands tornado damage: $1.37 million". Highlands Today. Lake Placid, Florida. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  32. ↑ Weather observations for the three days – West Palm Beach, Palm Beach International Airport. National Weather Service (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. June 24, 2012. Archived from the original on April 2, 2012. Retrieved June 24, 2012.
  33. ↑ Weather observations for the three days – Pompano Beach Airpark. National Weather Service (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. June 24, 2012. Archived from the original on October 18, 2012. Retrieved June 24, 2012.
  34. ↑ "Tropical Storm Debby forms in Gulf of Mexico". CBS News . Miami, Florida. Associated Press. June 23, 2012. Retrieved June 24, 2012.
  35. ↑ Tropical Cyclone Rainfall for the Southeast (Report). College Park, Maryland: Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 2013. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  36. ↑ Designated Areas: Florida Tropical Storm Debby. Federal Emergency Management Agency (Report). United States Department of Homeland Security. July 3, 2012. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
Tropical Storm Debby
Debby Jun 24 2012 1900Z.jpg
Tropical Storm Debby at peak intensity on June 24, 2012
Tropical cyclones of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season
2012 Atlantic hurricane season summary map.png
TS
Alberto
TS
Beryl
1
Chris
TS
Debby
2
Ernesto
TS
Florence
2
Gordon
TS
Helene
1
Isaac
TS
Joyce
2
Kirk
1
Leslie
3
Michael
1
Nadine
TS
Oscar
TS
Patty
1
Rafael
3
Sandy (history)
TS
Tony
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.