4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, also known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), is a monohydroxybenzoic acid, a phenolic derivative of benzoic acid. It is a white crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water and chloroform but more soluble in polar organic solvents such as alcohols and acetone. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid is primarily known as the basis for the preparation of its esters, known as parabens, which are used as preservatives in cosmetics and some ophthalmic solutions. It is isomeric with 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, known as salicylic acid, a precursor to aspirin, and with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Glycoside hydrolases catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies, in pathogenesis mechanisms and in normal cellular function. Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
In enzymology, an UDP-2-acetamido-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxyglucose transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
A ureohydrolase is a type of hydrolase enzyme. The ureohydrolase superfamily includes arginase, agmatinase, formiminoglutamase and proclavaminate amidinohydrolase. These enzymes share a 3-layer alpha-beta-alpha structure, and play important roles in arginine/agmatine metabolism, the urea cycle, histidine degradation, and other pathways.
UDP-N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxyglucuronate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.335, WlbA, WbpB) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucuronate:NAD+ 3-oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction:
UDP-2-acetamido-3-amino-2,3-dideoxy-glucuronate N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name acetyl-CoA:UDP-2-acetamido-3-amino-2,3-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucuronate N-acetyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-N-acetyl-beta-L-altrosamine N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name acetyl-CoA:UDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-N-acetyl-beta-L-altrosamine N-acetyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
2,4-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one 2-D-glucosyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-alpha-D-glucose:2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one 2-beta-D-glucosyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Pseudaminic acid synthase (EC 2.5.1.97, PseI, NeuB3) is an enzyme with systematic name phosphoenolpyruvate:2,4-bis(acetylamino)-2,4,6-trideoxy-beta-L-altropyranose transferase (phosphate-hydrolysing, 2,7-acetylamino-transferring, 2-carboxy-2-oxoethyl-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
N,N'-diacetyllegionaminate synthase (EC 2.5.1.101, neuB (gene), legI (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name phosphoenolpyruvate:2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranose 1-(2-carboxy-2-oxoethyl)transferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine transaminase is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-N-acetyl-beta-L-altrosamine transaminase is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-N-acetyl-beta-L-altrosamine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-ribo-hexuluronate aminotransferase is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-2-acetamido-3-amino-2,3-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucuronate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Pseudaminic acid cytidylyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name CTP:5,7-diacetamido-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-L-glycero-alpha-L-manno-nonulosonic acid cytidylyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (hydrolysing) (EC 3.2.1.183, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase, GNE (gene), siaA (gene), neuC (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine hydrolase (2-epimerising). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-N,N'-diacetylbacillosamine 2-epimerase (hydrolysing) (EC 3.2.1.184, UDP-Bac2Ac4Ac 2-epimerase, NeuC) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N,N'-diacetylbacillosamine hydrolase (2-epimerising). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.54, UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine hydrolase, UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine pyrophosphatase, ybbF (gene), lpxH (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-2,3-bis((3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-alpha-D-glucosamine 2,3-bis((3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-beta-D-glucosaminyl 1-phosphate phosphohydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 4,6-dehydratase (configuration-inverting) (EC 4.2.1.115, FlaA1, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 5-inverting 4,6-dehydratase, PseB, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine hydro-lyase (inverting, UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-β-L)arabino-hex-4-ulose-forming)) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine hydro-lyase (inverting; UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-β-L-arabino-hex-4-ulose-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 4,6-dehydratase (configuration-retaining) (EC 4.2.1.135, PglF) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N-acetyl-α-Dglucosamine hydro-lyase (configuration-retaining; UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-α-Dxylo-hex-4-ulose-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
