GNAI2

GNAI2
Identifiers
Aliases	GNAI2 , GIP, GNAI2B, H_LUCA15.1, H_LUCA16.1, G protein subunit alpha i2, HG1C
External IDs	OMIM: 139360 MGI: 95772 HomoloGene: 55539 GeneCards: GNAI2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 3 (human) [1] Band 3p21.31 Start 50,226,292 bp [1] End 50,259,362 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 9 (mouse) [2] Band 9 F1|9 58.43 cM Start 107,491,324 bp [2] End 107,512,566 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in monocyte right lung stromal cell of endometrium right coronary artery upper lobe of left lung thoracic aorta ascending aorta left uterine tube canal of the cervix tibial nerve Top expressed in external carotid artery internal carotid artery median eminence entorhinal cortex corneal stroma atrium thymus dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus superior surface of tongue molar More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding signal transducer activity metal ion binding protein binding guanyl nucleotide binding G protein-coupled receptor binding GTP binding GTPase activity Cellular component cytoplasm cell body extracellular vesicle centrosome membrane plasma membrane nucleoplasm microtubule organizing center dendrite midbody heterotrimeric G-protein complex membrane raft extracellular exosome cytoskeleton nucleus cytosol Biological process gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity intracellular signal transduction regulation of calcium ion transport adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway response to nutrient adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of synaptic transmission cell division positive regulation of cell population proliferation cell cycle cell population proliferation signal transduction protein folding adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of cell migration positive regulation of superoxide anion generation positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity positive regulation of urine volume positive regulation of renal sodium excretion negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process negative regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2771 14678 Ensembl ENSG00000114353 ENSMUSG00000032562 UniProt P04899 P08752 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002070 NM_001166425 NM_001282617 NM_001282618 NM_001282619 NM_001282620 NM_008138 RefSeq (protein) NP_001159897 NP_001269546 NP_001269547 NP_001269548 NP_001269549 NP_002061 NP_032164 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 50.23 – 50.26 Mb Chr 9: 107.49 – 107.51 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i), alpha-2 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAI2 gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

Interactions

GNAI2 has been shown to interact with:

• EYA2, ^[8]
• GPSM2, ^{[9] [10]}
• Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha, ^{[11] [12]}
• MDFI, ^[13]
• RGS5, ^{[14] [15]} and
• RIC8A. ^[16]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000114353 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032562 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Didsbury JR, Ho YS, Snyderman R (Jan 1987). "Human Gi protein alpha-subunit: deduction of amino acid structure from a cloned cDNA". FEBS Letters. 211 (2): 160–4. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(87)81428-X . PMID   3100330. S2CID   84535945.
6. Magovcevic I, Ang SL, Seidman JG, Tolman CJ, Neer EJ, Morton CC (Jan 1992). "Regional localization of the human G protein alpha i2 (GNAI2) gene: assignment to 3p21 and a related sequence (GNAI2L) to 12p12-p13". Genomics. 12 (1): 125–9. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90414-N. PMID   1733849.
7. "Entrez Gene: GNAI2 Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2".
8. Fan X, Brass LF, Poncz M, Spitz F, Maire P, Manning DR (Oct 2000). "The alpha subunits of Gz and Gi interact with the eyes absent transcription cofactor Eya2, preventing its interaction with the six class of homeodomain-containing proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (41): 32129–34. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M004577200 . PMID   10906137.
9. Marty C, Browning DD, Ye RD (Jun 2003). "Identification of tetratricopeptide repeat 1 as an adaptor protein that interacts with heterotrimeric G proteins and the small GTPase Ras". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 23 (11): 3847–58. doi:10.1128/mcb.23.11.3847-3858.2003. PMC   155206 . PMID   12748287.
10. Mochizuki N, Cho G, Wen B, Insel PA (Nov 1996). "Identification and cDNA cloning of a novel human mosaic protein, LGN, based on interaction with G alpha i2". Gene. 181 (1–2): 39–43. doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(96)00456-8. PMID   8973305.
11. Damaj BB, McColl SR, Neote K, Songqing N, Ogborn KT, Hébert CA, Naccache PH (Oct 1996). "Identification of G-protein binding sites of the human interleukin-8 receptors by functional mapping of the intracellular loops". FASEB Journal. 10 (12): 1426–34. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.10.12.8903513 . PMID   8903513. S2CID   9744575.
12. Damaj BB, McColl SR, Mahana W, Crouch MF, Naccache PH (May 1996). "Physical association of Gi2alpha with interleukin-8 receptors". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (22): 12783–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.22.12783 . PMID   8662698.
13. Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID   16189514. S2CID   4427026.
14. Chen C, Zheng B, Han J, Lin SC (Mar 1997). "Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (13): 8679–85. doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679 . PMID   9079700.
15. Zhou J, Moroi K, Nishiyama M, Usui H, Seki N, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Kimura S (Feb 2001). "Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling". Life Sciences. 68 (13): 1457–69. doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)00939-0. PMID   11253162.
16. Tall GG, Krumins AM, Gilman AG (Mar 2003). "Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (10): 8356–62. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M211862200 . PMID   12509430.

Further reading

• Sidhu A, Niznik HB (Nov 2000). "Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins". International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience. 18 (7): 669–77. doi:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2. PMID   10978845. S2CID   21002590.
• Offermanns S, Schultz G, Rosenthal W (Feb 1991). "Evidence for opioid receptor-mediated activation of the G-proteins, Go and Gi2, in membranes of neuroblastoma x glioma (NG108-15) hybrid cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266 (6): 3365–8. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)67799-9 . PMID   1671672.
• Cormont M, Le Marchand-Brustel Y, Van Obberghen E, Spiegel AM, Sharp GW (Sep 1991). "Identification of G protein alpha-subunits in RINm5F cells and their selective interaction with galanin receptor". Diabetes. 40 (9): 1170–6. doi:10.2337/diabetes.40.9.1170. PMID   1718802.
• Bushfield M, Murphy GJ, Lavan BE, Parker PJ, Hruby VJ, Milligan G, Houslay MD (Jun 1990). "Hormonal regulation of Gi2 alpha-subunit phosphorylation in intact hepatocytes". The Biochemical Journal. 268 (2): 449–57. doi:10.1042/bj2680449. PMC   1131453 . PMID   2114093.
• Lyons J, Landis CA, Harsh G, Vallar L, Grünewald K, Feichtinger H, Duh QY, Clark OH, Kawasaki E, Bourne HR (Aug 1990). "Two G protein oncogenes in human endocrine tumors". Science. 249 (4969): 655–9. Bibcode:1990Sci...249..655L. doi:10.1126/science.2116665. PMID   2116665.
• Osawa S, Dhanasekaran N, Woon CW, Johnson GL (Nov 1990). "G alpha i-G alpha s chimeras define the function of alpha chain domains in control of G protein activation and beta gamma subunit complex interactions". Cell. 63 (4): 697–706. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90136-3. PMID   2121366. S2CID   53254447.
• McClue SJ, Milligan G (Sep 1990). "The alpha 2B adrenergic receptor of undifferentiated neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells, interacts directly with the guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gi2". FEBS Letters. 269 (2): 430–4. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)81209-7 . PMID   2169434. S2CID   24246875.
• Rudolph U, Koesling D, Hinsch KD, Seifert R, Bigalke M, Schultz G, Rosenthal W (May 1989). "G-protein alpha-subunits in cytosolic and membranous fractions of human neutrophils". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 63 (1–2): 143–53. doi:10.1016/0303-7207(89)90090-7. PMID   2502457. S2CID   54288899.
• Lang JC, Costa T (1990). "Distribution of the alpha-subunit of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi2 and its comparison to G alpha o". Journal of Receptor Research. 9 (4–5): 313–29. doi:10.3109/10799898909066061. PMID   2512386.
• Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, Tsukamoto T, Matsuoka M, Kaziro Y (May 1988). "Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (14): 6656–64. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68692-2 . PMID   2834384.
• Weinstein LS, Spiegel AM, Carter AD (May 1988). "Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the alpha-subunit of Gi2, a GTP-binding signal transduction protein". FEBS Letters. 232 (2): 333–40. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80764-6 . PMID   2837412. S2CID   8096145.
• Beals CR, Wilson CB, Perlmutter RM (Nov 1987). "A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (22): 7886–90. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.7886B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886 . PMC   299440 . PMID   3120178.
• Williamson EA, Ince PG, Harrison D, Kendall-Taylor P, Harris PE (Feb 1995). "G-protein mutations in human pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone-secreting adenomas". European Journal of Clinical Investigation. 25 (2): 128–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01537.x. PMID   7737262. S2CID   42652404.
• Takigawa M, Sakurai T, Kasuya Y, Abe Y, Masaki T, Goto K (Feb 1995). "Molecular identification of guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins which couple to endothelin receptors". European Journal of Biochemistry. 228 (1): 102–8. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.0102o.x. PMID   7882989.
• Grassie MA, Milligan G (Mar 1995). "Analysis of the relative interactions between the alpha 2C10 adrenoceptor and the guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins G(o)1 alpha and Gi 2 alpha following co-expression of these polypeptides in rat 1 fibroblasts". The Biochemical Journal. 306 (2): 525–30. doi:10.1042/bj3060525. PMC   1136549 . PMID   7887906.
• Migeon JC, Thomas SL, Nathanson NM (Nov 1994). "Regulation of cAMP-mediated gene transcription by wild type and mutated G-protein alpha subunits. Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity by muscarinic receptor-activated and constitutively activated G(o) alpha". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (46): 29146–52. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)62023-5 . PMID   7961880.
• Wennogle LP, Conder L, Winter C, Braunwalder A, Vlattas S, Kramer R, Cioffi C, Hu SI (Jul 1994). "Stabilization of C5a receptor--G-protein interactions through ligand binding". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. 55 (3): 380–8. doi:10.1002/jcb.240550316. PMID   7962171. S2CID   36216040.
• Valet P, Senard JM, Devedjian JC, Planat V, Salomon R, Voisin T, Drean G, Couvineau A, Daviaud D, Denis C (May 1993). "Characterization and distribution of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in the human intestinal mucosa". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 91 (5): 2049–57. doi:10.1172/JCI116427. PMC   288203 . PMID   8098045.