ATF6

ATF6
Identifiers
Aliases	ATF6 , ATF6A, ACHM7, activating transcription factor 6
External IDs	OMIM: 605537; MGI: 1926157; HomoloGene: 32015; GeneCards: ATF6; OMA:ATF6 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1q23.3 Start 161,766,298 bp [1] End 161,977,574 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) [2] Band 1 H3|1 76.96 cM Start 170,532,243 bp [2] End 170,695,340 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in corpus epididymis skin of hip skin of thigh retinal pigment epithelium tail of epididymis synovial joint caput epididymis seminal vesicula saphenous vein endothelial cell Top expressed in myocardium of ventricle lacrimal gland submandibular gland cardiac muscles cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle right ventricle seminal vesicula secondary oocyte stroma of bone marrow aortic valve More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity transcription coactivator activity transcription cis-regulatory region binding protein binding identical protein binding protein heterodimerization activity ubiquitin protein ligase binding cAMP response element binding RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component integral component of membrane Golgi apparatus nuclear envelope membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane Golgi membrane nucleoplasm integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane endoplasmic reticulum nucleus cytosol Biological process eye development regulation of transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription, DNA-templated endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response response to unfolded protein protein folding signal transduction visual perception positive regulation of apoptotic process transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 22926 226641 Ensembl ENSG00000118217 ENSMUSG00000026663 UniProt P18850 F6VAN0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_007348 NM_001081304 RefSeq (protein) NP_031374 NP_001074773 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 161.77 – 161.98 Mb Chr 1: 170.53 – 170.7 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Activating transcription factor 6, also known as ATF6, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATF6 gene ^{[5] [6] [7]} and is involved in the unfolded protein response.

Function

ATF6 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-regulated transmembrane transcription factor that activates the transcription of ER molecules. ^[8] Accumulation of misfolded proteins in the Endoplasmic Reticulum results in the proteolytic cleavage of ATF6. The cytosolic portion of ATF6 will move to the nucleus and act as a transcription factor to cause the transcription of ER chaperones.

See also

• Activating transcription factor

Interactions

ATF6 has been shown to interact with YY1 ^[9] and Serum response factor. ^[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000118217 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026663 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Hai TW, Liu F, Coukos WJ, Green MR (December 1989). "Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers". Genes Dev. 3 (12B): 2083–90. doi: 10.1101/gad.3.12b.2083 . PMID   2516827.
6. Zhu C, Johansen FE, Prywes R (September 1997). "Interaction of ATF6 and serum response factor". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (9): 4957–66. doi:10.1128/MCB.17.9.4957. PMC   232347 . PMID   9271374.
7. Meex SJ, van Greevenbroek MM, Ayoubi TA, Vlietinck R, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Hofker MH, Vermeulen VM, Schalkwijk CG, Feskens EJ, Boer JM, Stehouwer CD, van der Kallen CJ, de Bruin TW (July 2007). "Activating transcription factor 6 polymorphisms and haplotypes are associated with impaired glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes in Dutch Caucasians". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92 (7): 2720–5. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-2280 . PMID   17440018.
8. "Entrez Gene: ATF6 activating transcription factor 6".
9. Li M, Baumeister P, Roy B, Phan T, Foti D, Luo S, Lee AS (2000). "ATF6 as a transcription activator of the endoplasmic reticulum stress element: thapsigargin stress-induced changes and synergistic interactions with NF-Y and YY1". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (14): 5096–106. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.14.5096-5106.2000. PMC   85959 . PMID   10866666.

Further reading

• Hai T, Hartman MG (2001). "The molecular biology and nomenclature of the activating transcription factor/cAMP responsive element binding family of transcription factors: activating transcription factor proteins and homeostasis". Gene. 273 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00551-0. PMID   11483355.
• Hai TW, Liu F, Coukos WJ, Green MR (1990). "Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers". Genes Dev. 3 (12B): 2083–90. doi: 10.1101/gad.3.12b.2083 . PMID   2516827.
• Zhu C, Johansen FE, Prywes R (1997). "Interaction of ATF6 and serum response factor". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (9): 4957–66. doi:10.1128/MCB.17.9.4957. PMC   232347 . PMID   9271374.
• Yoshida H, Haze K, Yanagi H, Yura T, Mori K (1999). "Identification of the cis-acting endoplasmic reticulum stress response element responsible for transcriptional induction of mammalian glucose-regulated proteins. Involvement of basic leucine zipper transcription factors". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (50): 33741–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.50.33741 . PMID   9837962.
• Haze K, Yoshida H, Yanagi H, Yura T, Mori K (1999). "Mammalian Transcription Factor ATF6 Is Synthesized as a Transmembrane Protein and Activated by Proteolysis in Response to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress". Mol. Biol. Cell. 10 (11): 3787–99. doi:10.1091/mbc.10.11.3787. PMC   25679 . PMID   10564271.
• Li M, Baumeister P, Roy B, Phan T, Foti D, Luo S, Lee AS (2000). "ATF6 as a Transcription Activator of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Element: Thapsigargin Stress-Induced Changes and Synergistic Interactions with NF-Y and YY1". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (14): 5096–106. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.14.5096-5106.2000. PMC   85959 . PMID   10866666.
• Yoshida H, Okada T, Haze K, Yanagi H, Yura T, Negishi M, Mori K (2001). "Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Formation of Transcription Factor Complex ERSF Including NF-Y (CBF) and Activating Transcription Factors 6α and 6β That Activates the Mammalian Unfolded Protein Response". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (4): 1239–48. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.4.1239-1248.2001. PMC   99577 . PMID   11158310.
• Ye J, Rawson RB, Komuro R, Chen X, Davé UP, Prywes R, Brown MS, Goldstein JL (2001). "ER stress induces cleavage of membrane-bound ATF6 by the same proteases that process SREBPs". Mol. Cell. 6 (6): 1355–64. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)00133-7 . PMID   11163209.
• Parker R, Phan T, Baumeister P, Roy B, Cheriyath V, Roy AL, Lee AS (2001). "Identification of TFII-I as the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Element Binding Factor ERSF: Its Autoregulation by Stress and Interaction with ATF6". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (9): 3220–33. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.9.3220-3233.2001. PMC   86961 . PMID   11287625.
• Gotoh T, Oyadomari S, Mori K, Mori M (2002). "Nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages is mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway involving ATF6 and CHOP". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (14): 12343–50. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M107988200 . PMID   11805088.
• Chen X, Shen J, Prywes R (2002). "The luminal domain of ATF6 senses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and causes translocation of ATF6 from the ER to the Golgi". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (15): 13045–52. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110636200 . PMID   11821395.
• Thuerauf DJ, Morrison LE, Hoover H, Glembotski CC (2002). "Coordination of ATF6-mediated transcription and ATF6 degradation by a domain that is shared with the viral transcription factor, VP16". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (23): 20734–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M201749200 . PMID   11909875.
• Okada T, Yoshida H, Akazawa R, Negishi M, Mori K (2002). "Distinct roles of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) in transcription during the mammalian unfolded protein response". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 2): 585–94. doi:10.1042/BJ20020391. PMC   1222788 . PMID   12014989.
• Luo S, Lee AS (2002). "Requirement of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway for the induction of the 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein/immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein by azetidine stress: activating transcription factor 6 as a target for stress-induced phosphorylation". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 3): 787–95. doi:10.1042/BJ20011802. PMC   1222838 . PMID   12076252.
• Tardif KD, Mori K, Siddiqui A (2002). "Hepatitis C Virus Subgenomic Replicons Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activating an Intracellular Signaling Pathway". J. Virol. 76 (15): 7453–9. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.15.7453-7459.2002. PMC   136367 . PMID   12097557.
• Shuda M, Kondoh N, Imazeki N, Tanaka K, Okada T, Mori K, Hada A, Arai M, Wakatsuki T, Matsubara O, Yamamoto N, Yamamoto M (2004). "Activation of the ATF6, XBP1 and grp78 genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma: a possible involvement of the ER stress pathway in hepatocarcinogenesis". J. Hepatol. 38 (5): 605–14. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(03)00029-1. PMID   12713871.
• Okada T, Haze K, Nadanaka S, Yoshida H, Seidah NG, Hirano Y, Sato R, Negishi M, Mori K (2003). "A serine protease inhibitor prevents endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cleavage but not transport of the membrane-bound transcription factor ATF6". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (33): 31024–32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M300923200 . PMID   12782636.
• Newman JR, Keating AE (2003). "Comprehensive identification of human bZIP interactions with coiled-coil arrays". Science. 300 (5628): 2097–101. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.2097N. doi: 10.1126/science.1084648 . PMID   12805554. S2CID   36715183.

External links

• ATF6+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Human ATF6 genome location and ATF6 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.