FOXN1

Last updated
FOXN1
Identifiers
Aliases FOXN1 , FKHL20, RONU, WHN, forkhead box N1, TIDAND, TLIND
External IDs OMIM: 600838 MGI: 102949 HomoloGene: 2664 GeneCards: FOXN1
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003593
NM_001369369

NM_001277290
NM_008238

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003584
NP_001356298

NP_001264219
NP_032264

Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 28.51 – 28.54 Mb Chr 11: 78.25 – 78.28 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Forkhead box protein N1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXN1 gene. [5] [6]

Contents

Function

Mutations in the winged-helix transcription factor gene at the nude locus in mice and rats produce the pleiotropic phenotype of hairlessness and athymia, resulting in a severely compromised immune system. This gene is orthologous to the mouse and rat genes and encodes a similar DNA-binding transcription factor that is thought to regulate keratin gene expression. A mutation in this gene has been correlated with T-cell immunodeficiency, the skin disorder congenital alopecia, and nail dystrophy. Alternative splicing in the 5' UTR of this gene has been observed. [6] In the chick embryo, the FOXN1 gene is expressed in the developing thymus, claws and feathers. The expression of FOXN1 in feathers and claws indicates that it may regulate the feather outgrowth. In feather and claws, FOXN1 can potentially regulate expression of keratins similar to mammalian orthologs. [7] In thymic epithelial cells, FOXN1 has been shown to bind to and regulate genes involved in T-cell maturation and antigen presentation. [8]

Related Research Articles

Keratin 14

Keratin 14 is a member of the type I keratin family of intermediate filament proteins. Keratin 14 was the first type I keratin sequence determined. Keratin 14 is also known as cytokeratin-14 (CK-14) or keratin-14 (KRT14). In humans it is encoded by the KRT14 gene.

Keratin 18

Keratin 18 is a type I cytokeratin. It is, together with its filament partner keratin 8, perhaps the most commonly found products of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

Keratin 17

Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT17 gene.

Keratin 16

Keratin 16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT16 gene.

FOXP3 Immune response protein

FOXP3, also known as scurfin, is a protein involved in immune system responses. A member of the FOX protein family, FOXP3 appears to function as a master regulator of the regulatory pathway in the development and function of regulatory T cells. Regulatory T cells generally turn the immune response down. In cancer, an excess of regulatory T cell activity can prevent the immune system from destroying cancer cells. In autoimmune disease, a deficiency of regulatory T cell activity can allow other autoimmune cells to attack the body's own tissues.

FOXC2 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2) also known as forkhead-related protein FKHL14 (FKHL14), transcription factor FKH-14, or mesenchyme fork head protein 1 (MFH1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXC2 gene. FOXC2 is a member of the fork head box (FOX) family of transcription factors.

Twist-related protein 1 Transcription factor protein

Twist-related protein 1 (TWIST1) also known as class A basic helix–loop–helix protein 38 (bHLHa38) is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the TWIST1 gene.

Keratin 5

Keratin 5, also known as KRT5, K5, or CK5, is a protein that is encoded in humans by the KRT5 gene. It dimerizes with keratin 14 and forms the intermediate filaments (IF) that make up the cytoskeleton of basal epithelial cells. This protein is involved in several diseases including epidermolysis bullosa simplex and breast and lung cancers.

NEUROD1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1), also called β2, is a transcription factor of the NeuroD-type. It is encoded by the human gene NEUROD1.

Forkhead box C1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Forkhead box C1, also known as FOXC1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FOXC1 gene.

FOXL2 Transcription factor gene of the FOX family

Forkhead box protein L2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXL2 gene.

FOXM1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Forkhead box protein M1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXM1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the FOX family of transcription factors. Its potential as a target for future cancer treatments led to it being designated the 2010 Molecule of the Year.

SNAI2 Protein

Zinc finger protein SNAI2 is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the SNAI2 gene. It promotes the differentiation and migration of certain cells and has roles in initiating gastrulation.

FOXN3

Forkhead box protein N3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXN3 gene.

KRT86

Keratin, type II cuticular Hb6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT86 gene.

CD 205

CD205 also called Lymphocyte antigen 75 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LY75 gene.

BHLHE41 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

"Basic helix-loop-helix family, member e41", or BHLHE41, is a gene that encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor repressor protein in various tissues of both humans and mice. It is also known as DEC2, hDEC2, and SHARP1, and was previously known as "basic helix-loop-helix domain containing, class B, 3", or BHLHB3. BHLHE41 is known for its role in the circadian molecular mechanisms that influence sleep quantity as well as its role in immune function and the maturation of T helper type 2 cell lineages associated with humoral immunity.

FOXD3 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Forkhead box D3 also known as FOXD3 is a forkhead protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXD3 gene.

FOXA2

Forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2), also known as hepatocyte nuclear factor 3-beta (HNF-3B), is a transcription factor that plays an important role during development, in mature tissues and, when dysregulated or mutated, also in cancer.

FOXJ1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Forkhead box protein J1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXJ1 gene. It is a member of the Forkhead/winged helix (FOX) family of transcription factors that is involved in ciliogenesis. FOXJ1 is expressed in ciliated cells of the lung, choroid plexus, reproductive tract, embryonic kidney and pre-somite embryo stage.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109101 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000002057 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Schorpp M, Hofmann M, Dear TN, Boehm T (Dec 1997). "Characterization of mouse and human nude genes". Immunogenetics. 46 (6): 509–15. doi:10.1007/s002510050312. PMID   9321431. S2CID   32175138.
  6. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: FOXN1 forkhead box N1".
  7. Darnell DK, Zhang LS, Hannenhalli S, Yaklichkin SY (Dec 2014). "Developmental expression of chicken FOXN1 and putative target genes during feather development". The International Journal of Developmental Biology. 58 (1): 57–64. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.130023sy . PMID   24860996.
  8. Žuklys S, Handel A, Zhanybekova S, Govani F, Keller M, Maio S, Mayer CE, Teh HY, Hafen K, Gallone G, Barthlott T, Ponting CP, Holländer GA (Aug 2016). "Foxn1 regulates key target genes essential for T cell development in postnatal thymic epithelial cells". Nature Immunology. 17 (10): 1206–15. doi:10.1038/ni.3537. PMC   5033077 . PMID   27548434.

Further reading