Ukrainian football league system

Last updated
Ukrainian football league system
Country Ukraine
Sport Association football
Promotion and relegation Yes
National system
Federation Football Association
Confederation UEFA
Top division
Second division
Cup competition
Association football in Ukraine

The Ukrainian football league system has developed over the years.

Contents

Since the fall of the Soviet Union, all professional clubs from Ukraine have joined own national football competitions as the Soviet competitions transitioned to Russian. The amateur-level clubs/teams played at Ukrainian republican competitions always. The top two tiers traditionally have a single group with double round robin system. The third tier, while having the same type of competition organization, usually has two groups organized geographically. The depth of the national league competitions is about four levels. Regional competitions in oblasts and the autonomous republic usually have one or two tiers, while selected regions had up to five tiers sometimes.

Parallel to the senior team, there are also junior team competitions, separate student league, female competitions, and other types of football (indoor, beach, others). Female association football, which was struggling after the fall of the Soviet Union, has shaped into a more stable competition with its own two-tier league competition and junior team tournament.

The promotion and relegation as a rotational process of clubs' exchange between tiers is not set completely and may vary from season to season. The promotion and relegation process exists among the top three tiers (Premier, Persha and Druha leagues). The exchange between the third and the fourth tiers is carried out in form of clubs' evaluations on their stability and relative sustainability including financial, administrative, commercial, communal development and others. Below the fourth tier, the promotion and relegation process are completely void and clubs sometimes participate in competitions of their regional federations along with the AAFU competitions (the fourth tier).

League system (senior teams, male)

Note: In the column P/R, the numbers in parentheses indicate teams that qualify for promotion/relegation through inter-league play-offs.

LevelLeague(s)/Division(s) P/R
1 Ukrainian Premier League
Premier Liha
16 teams

Decrease2.svg 2 (2)
2 Ukrainian First League
Persha Liha
20 teams (for 2023–24)
Increase2.svg 2 (2)
Decrease2.svg 3 (2)
3 Ukrainian Second League
Druha Liha
Number of teams changes every season
Increase2.svg 1 (2)
4 Ukrainian Amateur League
(before 1998 – KFK competitions)
Amatorska Liha
35 teams
5 Regional championships (first level)
~25 leagues
6Regional championships (second level)
~20 leagues
District (city) championships (first level)
Multiple leagues
7Regional championships (third level)
~5 leagues
District (city) championships (second level)
Multiple leagues
8Regional championships (fourth level)
~5 leagues
District (city) championships (third level)
Multiple leagues
Ukrainian Premier League (UPL)
Professional Football League (PFL)
Ukrainian Football Amateur Association (AAFU)
Regional competitions

Evolution of the Ukrainian football league system

Tier\Years19921992–19931993–19941994–19951995–19971997–20082008–present
1 Vyshcha Liha Vyshcha Liha Premier Liha
2 Persha Liha Persha Liha
3 Perekhidna Liha Druha Liha Druha Liha
3 (lower) Perekhidna Liha Tretia Liha
4no competitions KFK Amatorska Liha Amatorska Liha
5+Regional championships
Soviet Union period
Tier\Years1963–196919701971–19891990–1991
1Class A Pervaya Gruppa (selected clubs)Class A Vysshaya Gruppa (selected clubs) Vysshaya Liga (selected clubs)
2 Vtoraya Gruppa (selected clubs) Pervaya Gruppa (selected clubs) Pervaya Liga (selected clubs)
3Class B (Ukrainian Group) Vtoraya Gruppa (Ukrainian Group) Vtoraya Liga (Ukrainian Group) Vtoraya Liga (selected club, Group West)
3 (lower)Class B (Ukrainian Group) Vtoraya Nizshaya Liga (Group 1)
4 KFK
5+Regional championships

League system (senior teams, female)

Unlike male club sport that has multiple organizations, female football is administered by a one "All-Ukrainian Association of Women Football" that until 2012 did not have full membership within the Ukrainian Association of Football (at that time FFU). Only the Higher League has a status of professional.

LevelLeague(s)/Division(s) P/R
1Higher League
Vyshcha Liha
12 teams
2First League
Persha Liha
multiple groups
3 Regional championships (first level)

League system (youth teams)

The league system is more based on age. All for levels are national leagues. Regional leagues organize own youth competitions along with adults. In independent Ukraine the first youth competition were established in 1998 and had two categories senior and junior.

In 2001 those competitions were transformed into the FFU Youth League which conducts competitions in four categories based on age. The league also has two divisions for each category between each takes place rotation of teams. Following that, in 2002 there were established youth competitions of the Professional Football League of Ukraine which were conducted among players under 19 of age.

Lads

AgeLeague(s)/Division(s)
U-21 UPL U-21 Championship / Reserve championship
12 teams
U-19 UPL U-19 Championship
14 teams
PFL U-19 Championship
24 teams
U-17 Youth Football League
Multiple groups, 100+ teams
U-16
U-15
U-14
U-13 Leather Ball Cup (unisex competitions)
Shkiryanyi myach

Goals

AgeLeague(s)/Division(s)
U-17Youth competitions
Multiple groups
U-16
U-15
U-14
U-13 Leather Ball Cup (unisex competitions)
Shkiryanyi myach

Organization

National competitions

Professional status

The first three levels of the football League system in Ukraine are the professional level competitions, the rest are the amateur and sometimes inconsistent. The first four levels are the national type competitions and divided among three independent football organizations:

Amateur status

There is also national youth competition that consists of the youth teams from all of the professional clubs as well as some of the amateurs and schools of Olympic Reserve. The competitions are divided among several age group of participants between ages of 14 and 17. Each professional club is obliged to be represented with at least one team in those competitions.

Regional

The regional competitions are considered amateur and primarily organized by the football organizations of their respective regions. For some period there existed the FFU Council of Regions that was providing some degree of uniformity between the competitions of different regions and answering to the executive committee of FFU. There are 27 members of the council including representatives from the cities of Kyiv and Sevastopol. Similar to the national, each regional organization also have a leagues system, but usually do not exceed two levels. There are also cup competitions of each region. The regional youth competitions are organized consequently with the senior competitions and each round of those takes place usually a day prior. Each regional football association has the right upon conclusion of a season recommends the best club or clubs of their choice to the Ukrainian Football Amateur Association.

Student

There also is the Student Football League, which is less notable and it is NOT a part of the league system. The players of the league represent Ukraine in Universiadas as a national team. There were some discussions to spread a similar type of competition through Europe. The national student team sometimes is composed of professional-level players and can be considered as a type of B-team.

Number of professional clubs

With asterisk (*) identified leagues which in certain season carried transitional (semi-professional) status.

Season \ Tier Premier League
(Tier 1)
First League
(Tier 2)
Second League
(Tier 3)
Third League
(Tier 4)
Total
1992 20 28 18*66
1992–93 16 22 18 18*74
1993–94 18 20 22 18*78
1994–95 18 22 22 22 84
1995–96 18 22 43 83
1996–97 16 24 33 73
1997–98 16 22 51 89
1998–99 16 20 46 82
1999–00 16 18 44 78
2000–01 14 18 48 80
2001–02 14 18 55 87
2002–03 16 18 46 80
2003–04 16 18 48 82
2004–05 16 18 44 78
2005–06 16 18 43 77
2006–07 16 20 30 66
2007–08 16 20 34 70
2008–09 16 18 36 70
2009–10 16 18 26 60
2010–11 16 18 24 58
2011–12 16 18 28 62
2012–13 16 18 24 58
2013–14 16 16 19 51
2014–15 14 16 10 40
2015–16 14 16 14 44
2016–17 12 18 17 47
2017–18 12 18 23 53
2018–19 12 16 20 48
2019–20 12 16 22 50
2020–21 14 16 27 57
2021–22 16 16 31 63
2022–23 16 16 10 42
2023–24 16 20 15 51
2024–25 16 18 20 54

Related Research Articles

The Scottish football league system is a series of generally connected leagues for Scottish football clubs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">English football league system</span> Series of interconnected leagues

The English football league system, also known as the football pyramid, is a series of interconnected leagues for men's association football clubs in England, with five teams from Wales, one from Guernsey, one from Jersey and one from the Isle of Man also competing. The system has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels, allowing even the smallest club the theoretical possibility of ultimately rising to the very top of the system, the Premier League. Below that are levels 2–4 organised by the English Football League, then the National League System from levels 5–10 administered by the FA, and thereafter Regional feeder leagues run by relevant county FAs on an ad hoc basis. It also often happens that the Premier Division of a Regional Feeder League has its constitution given to it by the FA. They have to accept it or appeal but cannot reject it at an annual general meeting.

The Italian football league system, also known as the Italian football pyramid, refers to the hierarchically interconnected league system for association football in Italy. It consists of nine national and regional tournaments, the first three being professional, while the remaining six are amateur, set up by the Italian Football Federation. One team from San Marino also competes. The system has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Promotion and relegation</span> Process where teams are transferred between divisions

Promotion and relegation is used by sports leagues as a process where teams can move up and down among divisions in a League system, based on their performance over a season. Leagues that use promotion and relegation systems are often called open leagues. In a system of promotion and relegation, the best-ranked team(s) in a lower division are promoted to a higher division for the next season, and the worst-ranked team(s) in the higher division are relegated to the lower division for the next season. During the season, teams that are high enough in the league table that they would qualify for promotion are sometimes said to be in the promotion zone, and those at the bottom are in the relegation zone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukrainian Association of Football</span> Association football governing body of Ukraine

The Ukrainian Football Association is the governing body of football in Ukraine. Before 2019, it was known as the Football Federation of Ukraine. As a subject of the International Olympic Movement, UAF is a member of the National Olympic Committee of Ukraine. UAF is also member of international football organizations such as UEFA and FIFA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukrainian Premier League</span> Highest division of Ukrainian annual football championship

The Ukrainian Premier League or UPL is the highest division of Ukrainian annual football championship. Originally known as the Vyshcha Liha it was formed in 1991 during the 1992 Ukrainian football championship upon discontinuation of the 1991 Soviet football championship and included the Ukraine-based clubs that competed previously in the Soviet top three tiers competitions as well as better clubs of the Ukrainian republican competitions. The initial season of the league featured six former Soviet Top League clubs among which were Dynamo, Shakhtar, Chornomorets, Dnipro, Metalist, Metalurh as well as four more clubs that previously also competed at the top league.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sport in Ukraine</span>

Sports in Ukraine as in any other country throughout the World plays an important role in shaping the popular view of Ukraine and Ukrainian popular culture to its residents and the rest of the World. Sports in Ukraine while it is voluntary and spontaneous, it is regulated and standardized by the government and respected government agency as well as legislation. According to the Law of Ukraine "About physical culture and sports", sports is an activity of subjects of the sphere of physical culture and sport directed to identification and the unified comparison of achievements of people in physical, intellectual, and other preparation by holding sports competitions and preparation for them. The sport has such directions: children's sports, sports for children and young people, reserve sports, elite sports, professional sports, sports of veterans of physical culture and sport, veterans of war, the Olympic sport, not Olympic sport, office and applied and military and applied sport, sports of persons with disability and so forth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukrainian First League</span> Association football league in Ukraine

The Persha Liha or Ukrainian First League is a level of national football competitions in Ukraine governed by the Professional Football League at the discretion of the Ukrainian Association of Football. Members of the league also participate in the Ukrainian Cup. The league is the intermediate level of competitions within the three-tiered "competition pyramid".

In sports, a reserve team is a team composed of players under contract to a club but who do not normally play in matches for the primary team. Reserve teams often include back-up players from the first team, young players who need playing time to improve their skills, as well as members of the first team recovering from injury. In some countries, reserve or development teams compete in entirely separate competitions from first teams, while some countries allow reserve teams or farm teams to compete in the same league system as their club's first team, although usually in separate divisions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukrainian Second League</span> Football league

The Ukrainian Second League is a professional football league in Ukraine which is part of the Professional Football League of Ukraine, a collective member of the Ukrainian Association of Football. As the third tier it was established in 1992 as the Transitional League and changed its name the next season.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FC Zirka Kropyvnytskyi</span> Football club

FC Zirka Kropyvnytskyi is a Ukrainian amateur football club from Kropyvnytskyi, Kirovohrad Oblast, with its team currently playing in the Ukrainian Amateur League.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukrainian Cup</span> Football tournament

The Ukrainian Cup is an association football national knockout cup competition run by the Ukrainian Association of Football. The competition is conducted almost exclusively among professional clubs. Since the 2003–04 season, the Cup winner qualifies to play the Ukrainian Premier League winner for the Ukrainian Super Cup.

The Bosnia and Herzegovina football league system is a series of connected leagues for football clubs in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The system is hierarchical, with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels. The top division is organized by the Football Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the second and third levels by entity associations, and lower levels by cantonal or regional associations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FC Elektrometalurh-NZF Nikopol</span> Football club

FC Elektrometalurh-NZF Nikopol is an amateur Ukrainian football club. The club is based in Nikopol, Ukraine and sponsored by the Nikopol Ferroalloy Plant (NZF).

The Japanese association football league system is organized in a pyramidal shape similar to football league systems in many other countries around the world. The leagues are bound by the principle of promotion and relegation; however, there are stringent criteria for promotion from the JFL to J3, which demands a club being backed by the town itself including the local government, a community of fans and corporate sponsors rather than a parent company or a corporation.

Football in Estonia is governed by the Estonian Football Association. The EJL controls the domestic club championships, the Estonian Cup, Estonian SuperCup, Estonian Small Cup and the national teams.

The Association of Amateur Football of Ukraine is a sports organization that administers national competitions of association football among amateur and children teams. AAFU is a collective member of the Football Federation of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Football in Ukraine</span>

Football is the most popular sport in Ukraine. The Ukrainian Association of Football is the national governing body and is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the game of football in the country. It was organised in 1991 to replace the Soviet republican-level Football Federation of Ukrainian SSR, created earlier in the 1920s as part of the Soviet system of physical culture councils. The Ukrainian Association of Football is a non-governmental organization and is a member of the National Olympic Committee of Ukraine.

Ukrainian Amateur Football Championship is an annual association football competition in Ukraine among amateur teams. The competition is administered by the Ukrainian Association of Amateur Football (AAFU).

The Professional Football League of Ukraine Under-19 is the second tier league for the Ukrainian football reserve team, the parent clubs of which compete in the Ukrainian First League or other lower leagues.

References