2024 German anti-extremism protests

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2024 German anti-extremism protests
20240120 Stuttgart gegen Rechts - DSC07954.jpg
Protests in Stuttgart, 20 January 2024
Date13 January 2024 (2024-01-13) – present
(5 months, 3 weeks and 5 days)
Location
Germany
Caused by 2023 Potsdam far-right meeting
Goals
Methods Political demonstration,
nonviolent resistance
StatusOngoing

Since mid-January 2024, widespread protests against the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) party have been taking place in Germany, after a report by investigative journalist group Correctiv revealed the presence of in-office party members at the meeting of right-wing extremists at Potsdam in 2023, centered on "remigration" proposals to organize mass deportations of foreign-born Germans, including those with German citizenship. Protesters have "sought", as declared by the organizers, to defend the German democracy from the AfD, with many protesters calling for the party to be investigated by the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, or banned altogether.

Contents

Background

Adlon mansion, where AfD politicians met with followers of the Identitarian movement Potsdam-Neu Fahrland AmLehnitzsee1.JPG
Adlon mansion, where AfD politicians met with followers of the Identitarian movement

The Alternative for Germany (AfD) was established in 2013 as a right-wing eurosceptic party. It began gaining political power following the 2015 European migrant crisis, in which around one million migrants fleeing military conflicts during the Arab Winter were resettled in Germany. The AfD first entered the Bundestag in the 2017 German federal election, becoming the third-largest party behind the Christian Democrats (CDU/CSU) and Social Democratic Party (SPD). After a drop in the 2021 federal election, the AfD began to regain popularity after the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, finding new appeal as the defender of the economically precarious class which struggled with the global energy crisis and cost inflation caused by the invasion. [1] [2] Political analysts saw the AfD as benefiting both from dissent within the ruling traffic light coalition about how to carry out the transformation of the country into a competitive digitized economy, and from attempts by the opposition party CDU/CSU to regain voters from the AfD themselves through adopting in particular a tougher stance on migration. [2] By July 2023, the AfD was polling as the second-most popular political party in Germany at 20%, behind only the CDU. The same year, it also elected two officials for the first time in its history. [3]

On 10 January 2024, investigative journalist group Correctiv published information revealing that members of the AfD had met Identitarian movement activists in the city of Potsdam, where plans to "remigrate" foreign-born Germans, including non-citizens as well as those with German citizenship, were proposed. The report gained massive traction in Germany, with critical comparisons being made to the 1940 Madagascar Plan to deport four million Jews; comparisons to the 1942 Wannsee Conference, at which the Final Solution was organized, were also circulating. [4] [5] The mentioning of the Wannsee Conference in the Correctiv report was criticized even though the report had not explicitly compared the two events. [6] Minister of the Interior Nancy Faeser said that the Correctiv revelations had evoked memories of the conference, but that she did not want to equate the two events. [7]

AfD leader Alice Weidel defended the party, saying that she had removed those involved in the meeting, and lambasted Correctiv journalists as "left-wing activists using Stasi methods". [5] Two members of the conservative Values Union, a faction of the CDU, also attended the event, and following the backlash, the group's leader Hans-Georg Maaßen announced the movement was severing its ties with the CDU. [8] The Values Union announced on 20 January that it would establish itself as a political party. [9]

Protests

Protests in Berlin, 14 January Demo gegen Rechts Berlin 2024-01-14 - Lucas Werkmeister - 5.jpg
Protests in Berlin, 14 January

After several smaller-scale protests, in the evening of 12 January 2024 around 2,000 protested against the AfD at its Hamburg headquarters. The next day, a rally in Duisburg against an AfD new year's reception attracted around 2,400 protesters according to police, far more than anticipated by organizers at the time of registering the rally with authorities, which was before the Correctiv revelations. Also on 13 January, around 650 protesters in Düsseldorf demanded the investigation of the AfD to examine the possibility of its prohibition. [10] On 14 January, thousands protested in Potsdam and at Brandenburg Gate in Berlin. Among those present at the protests in Potsdam on 14 January were chancellor Olaf Scholz and Minister for Foreign Affairs Annalena Baerbock, both members of the Bundestag from the city. Interviewed by Deutsche Presse-Agentur, Baerbock said that the protesters were "for democracy and against old and new fascism," while Potsdam mayor Mike Schubert said that the remigration plans "are reminiscent of the darkest chapter of German history." [11]

Protests continued to draw larger crowds throughout the week, including a protest in Cologne, in which around 30,000 people participated. Non-AfD politicians from across Germany's political spectrum expressed support for the protests, with Scholz writing on Twitter that "We won't allow anyone to distinguish the 'we' in our country based on whether someone has an immigration history or not," pro-business Free Democratic Party politician Christian Dürr directly comparing the AfD to the Nazi Party, [1] Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck from the Green Party describing the protests as "impressive" for democracy, [12] and CDU leader Friedrich Merz expressing that it was "very encouraging that thousands of people are demonstrating peacefully against right-wing extremism." [8]

Various churches throughout Germany called on people to protest the AfD, as did coaches of the Bundesliga. [8] Josef Schuster, President of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, described the protests as restoring Jews' faith in German democracy after it having been damaged following antisemitism during the Israel–Hamas war. [13] The AfD was also condemned by several businesses, including Siemens, [12] Evonik Industries, Infineon Technologies, and Düsseldorf Airport. [14]

Protests in Hamburg, 19 January Hamburg steht auf 19.01.2024 - Detail 2.jpg
Protests in Hamburg, 19 January

The size of the protests exceeded expectations by both police and the organizers; initial estimates of 50,000–80,000 people protesting in Hamburg on 19 January were increased in February 2024 by the city's interior authority to 180,000, after recalculation. [15] Hamburg's mayor, Peter Tschentscher, spoke against the AfD at the protest, saying "We are the majority and we are strong, because we are united and we are determined not to let our country and our democracy be destroyed for a second time after 1945." [16]

Between 19 and 21 January, protests reached a size of 1.4 million people, according to organizers Campact and Fridays for Future. A planned march in Munich was cancelled for safety concerns, as 100,000 people, four times the registered amount, had arrived for the protest, according to local police. Members of the German government urged protests to continue, with Scholz urging as many people as possible to come out for democracy. [13]

The protest in Berlin on 3 February, attendance estimates of which ranged from 150,000 to 300,000 [17] [18] participants, was organized by a collective which included about 1,700 organizations from civil society, sports, and culture, as well as trade unions. The collective, which had formed before the Correctiv revelations, [19] voiced its intent to continue the rallies for the longer term. [20]

As part of the protests, various proposals to ban the AfD have been advocated, including from 25 members of the Bundestag from the SPD. [5] Among those calling for the AfD to be banned is Saskia Esken, co-leader of the SPD. These proposals have been pushed back upon by others, notably Habeck and Merz, who have expressed concerns about the potential risks such a move could pose if unsuccessful. [21] Some of Habeck's comments, however, have been publicly interpreted as expressing support for a ban as protests escalated, saying that the AfD intended to replace German democracy with a system similar to Russia under Vladimir Putin. Others, such as constitutional scholar Horst Meier  [ de ], have argued that a ban, while possible, would be ill-advised as a result of the AfD's popularity. The AfD would be only the third such party banned nationally, after the Socialist Reich Party and the Communist Party of Germany, both of which were banned during the 1950s, though its branches in the states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia have been declared as extremist. Minister of Interior Faeser has expressed support for a ban on the party, but only as a last resort. [5]

Demonstrations with at least 25,000 participants
DateLocationParticipants
14 JanBerlin25,000 [22]
16 JanCologneup to 30,000 [23]
19 JanHamburg180,000 [15] [24]
20 JanFrankfurt am Main40,000 [25] [26] [27]
Hannover35,000 [26] [27]
Dortmund30,000 [26] [27]
21 JanMunich100,000250,000 [28]
Berlinover 100,000 [29]
Cologne70,000 [28]
Leipzig60,00070,000 [30] [31]
Bremen40,000-45,000 [32] [33]
Dresden25,00040,000 [30]
Freiburg im Breisgau25,000 [34]
27 JanDüsseldorf100,000 [35]
Osnabrück25,000 [35]
28 JanHamburg60,000100,000 [36]
30 JanBielefeld25,000 [37]
3 FebBerlin150,000300,000 [18] [17]
Freiburg im Breisgauover 30,000 [38]
Dresden30,000 [39]
Augsburg25,000 [40]
Nuremberg25,000 [17]
11 FebMunich75,000100,000 [41]
16 FebMünster30,000 [42]
25 FebHamburg60,000 [43]

List of protests

The following extendable table lists protests with at least 5,000 participants that occurred since 11 January 2024 following the report published by Correctiv. It also lists smaller protests that occurred on or before 19 January, on which day a protest in Hamburg attracted around 180,000 participants. The total number of protests as of 1 March 2024 was well over 1,000, which estimates for total attendance ranging from 3.7 to 4.9 million people. [44]

Demonstrations up to 17 March 2024
DateLocationParticipantsReported by
11 Jan Berlin several hundred Die Zeit [45]
11 Jan Darmstadt over 500 Frankfurter Rundschau [46]
11 Jan Potsdam 60 Tagesspiegel [47]
12 Jan Berlin 350Tagesspiegel [48]
12 Jan Hamburg 2,000Die Zeit, [10] Norddeutscher Rundfunk [49]
12 Jan Mannheim c.250 Südwestrundfunk [50]
13 Jan Duisburg ca. 2,400Die Zeit, [10] Rheinische Post [51]
13 Jan Düsseldorf 650Die Zeit, [10] Rheinische Post [51]
13 Jan Landau 250–500 Die Rheinpfalz [52]
14 Jan Augsburg 700 Bayerischer Rundfunk [53]
14 Jan Berlin 25,000Der Spiegel [54]
14 Jan Dresden 2,000 Dresdner Neueste Nachrichten [55]
14 Jan Kiel 7,000Norddeutscher Rundfunk [56]
14 Jan Potsdam ca. 10,000 Der Spiegel [54]
14 Jan Saarbrücken 5,000 Saarländischer Rundfunk [57]
14 Jan Stendal 100 Volksstimme [58]
15 Jan Essen 6,700Der Spiegel [59]
15 Jan Leipzig 6,000–7,000Der Spiegel [59]
15 Jan Rostock 2,500Der Spiegel [59]
15 Jan Tübingen 1,500Südwestrundfunk [60]
16 Jan Cologne up to 30,000 Kölner Stadtanzeiger [61]
16 Jan Hannover 8,500Norddeutscher Rundfunk [62]
16 Jan Peine 500Norddeutscher Rundfunk [62]
16 Jan Schwerin 1,600Die Zeit [63]
16 Jan Würzburg 2,000Bayerischer Rundfunk [64]
17 Jan Bergen auf Rügen 300 Ostsee-Zeitung [65]
17 Jan Berlin 3,500 Tagesschau [66]
17 Jan Freiburg im Breisgau 6,000–10,000Tagesschau [66]
17 Jan Salzwedel 120Volksstimme [67]
18 Jan Castrop-Rauxel 1,500Ruhr Nachrichten [68]
18 Jan Gera 250 Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk [69]
18 Jan Mainz 5,000Südwestrundfunk [70]
19 Jan Bielefeld 4,000Radio Bielefeld [71]
19 Jan Bochum 13,000 Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln [72]
19 Jan Dahlenburg 500 Campact [73]
19 Jan Detmold 400Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln [72]
19 Jan Erlangen 4,000Bayerischer Rundfunk [74]
19 Jan Gummersbach 400Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln [72]
19 Jan Hamburg 180,000Norddeutscher Rundfunk [15]
19 Jan Iserlohn 400Iserlohner Kreisanzeiger und Zeitung [75]
19 Jan Jena 3,300Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk [76]
19 Jan Jülich 700Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln [72]
19 Jan Kiel 4,000Norddeutscher Rundfunk [77]
19 Jan Lüdenscheid 500Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln [72]
19 Jan Minden 4,000Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln [72]
19 Jan Münster 20,000Westfälischer Anzeiger [78]
19 Jan Nettetal 1,000Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln [72]
19 Jan Rosenheim over 500Oberbayerisches Volksblatt [79]
19 Jan Stralsund 1,200–2,000Die Zeit [80]
19 Jan Wuppertal 4,000Wuppertaler Rundschau [81]
20 Jan Aachen 10,000Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Bamberg 6,000Bayerischer Rundfunk [83]
20 Jan Braunschweig 15,000 Braunschweiger Zeitung [84]
20 Jan Dortmund 30,000Der Spiegel, [85] Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Erfurt 9,000Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Frankfurt am Main 40,000 Hessenschau, [25] Der Spiegel, [85] Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Freiburg im Breisgau 5,000Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Gießen 12,000Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Halle (Saale) 16,000Die Zeit, [86] Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Hannover 35,000Der Spiegel, [85] Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Heidelberg 18,000Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung [87]
20 Jan Karlsruhe 20,000Die Zeit, [86] Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Kassel 12,000–15,000Tagesschau, [82]

Hessische/Niedersächsische Allgemeine [88]

20 Jan Koblenz 5,000Der Spiegel, [85] Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Lingen 10,000 Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung [89]
20 Jan Lüneburg 5,000Der Spiegel [85]
20 Jan Nürnberg 15,000Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Offenburg 5,000Campact [90]
20 Jan Oldenburg 5,000Campact [90]
20 Jan Recklinghausen 12,000Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Stuttgart 20,000Der Spiegel [85]
20 Jan Ulm 8,000–10,000Tagesschau [82]
20 Jan Wuppertal 10,000 Westdeutsche Zeitung [91]
21 Jan Berlin over 100,000Die Zeit [29]
21 Jan Bonn 30,000Tagesschau [92]
21 Jan Bremen 40,000–45,000Die Zeit [32] [33]
21 Jan Chemnitz 12,000Tagesschau [28]
21 JanCologne70,000Tagesschau [28]
21 Jan Cottbus 3,500–5,000Tagesschau [28]
21 JanDresden25,000–40,000Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk [30]
21 Jan Flensburg 10,000Norddeutscher Rundfunk [93]
21 JanFreiburg im Breisgau25,000 Badische Zeitung [34]
21 Jan Göttingen 12,000RND [31]
21 Jan Herrenberg 6,000Kreiszeitung Böblinger Bote [94]
21 Jan Kleve 5,000Tagesschau [92]
21 Jan Leipzig 60,000–70,000Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, [30] RND [31]
21 Jan Mülheim an der Ruhr 7,000Tagesschau [92]
21 Jan Munich 100,000–250,000Tagesschau [28]
21 Jan Regensburg 13,000Bayerischer Rundfunk [95]
21 Jan Saarbrücken 13,000Tagesschau [28]
21 Jan Stuttgart 8,000 Stuttgarter Zeitung [96]
22 Jan Hamm 5,500wa.de [97]
22 Jan Paderborn 5,000Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln [98]
23 Jan Heilbronn 8,000–15,000Tagesschau [99]
24 Jan Konstanz 14,000–20,000 Südkurier [100]
24 Jan Landshut 7,000 Passauer Neue Presse [101]
24 Jan Oberhausen 5,000Rheinische Post [102]
25 Jan Hagen 5,000Westfalenpost [103]
25 Jan Mönchengladbach 5,000–7,000Rheinische Post [104]
25 JanRostock6,500Norddeutscher Rundfunk [105]
25 Jan Siegen 5,000Rheinische Post [106]
25 Jan Wiesbaden 15,000Hessenschau [107]
26 Jan Dorsten 5,000 [108]
26 Jan Fürth 6,000Bayerischer Rundfunk [109]
26 Jan Nordhorn 6,000Ems Vechte Welle [110]
26 Jan Reutlingen 5,000Südwestrundfunk [111]
26 Jan Saarbrücken 7,500Südwestrundfunk [111]
27 Jan Aachen 20,000Tagesschau [112]
27 Jan Bocholt 9,000BBV, [113] Borkener Zeitung [114]
27 Jan Borken 4,500–5,000BBV, [113] Borkener Zeitung [114]
27 Jan Dinslaken 5,000BBV, [113] Borkener Zeitung [114]
27 Jan Düren 5,000 [115]
27 Jan Elmshorn up to 6,000Schleswig-Holsteinischer Zeitungsverlag [116]
27 Jan Gelsenkirchen 6,500 [115]
27 Jan Eschweiler 5,000 Aachener Zeitung [117]
27 Jan Hildesheim 7,500 [115]
27 Jan Hof (Saale) 6,000 [115]
27 Jan Husum 5,000Schleswig-Holsteinischer Zeitungsverlag [116]
27 Jan Ingolstadt 6,000Die Zeit [118]
27 Jan Kaiserslautern 6,000Der Spiegel [35]
27 Jan Kiel 11,500Schleswig-Holsteinischer Zeitungsverlag [116]
27 Jan Lübeck 8,000Schleswig-Holsteinischer Zeitungsverlag [116]
27 Jan Mannheim 20,000Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung [119]
27 Jan Marburg 16,000Hessenschau [120]
27 Jan Marl 6,000 [115]
27 Jan Moers 8,000 [115]
27 Jan Passau 6,000Passauer Neue Presse [121]
27 Jan Ravensburg 9,000 [115]
27 Jan Regensburg 2,000–5,000 Mittelbayerische Zeitung [122]
27 Jan Schwabach 5,000Tagesschau [112]
27 Jan Schweinfurt 6,500Die Zeit [118]
27 Jan Schwerte 5,000 Ruhr Nachrichten [123]
27 Jan Solingen 5,000Solinger Tageblatt [124]
28 Jan Bremerhaven 7,000buten un binnen [125]
28 Jan Dormagen 5,000 [115]
28 JanDüsseldorf10,000Der Spiegel [35]
28 Jan Esslingen 8,000 [115]
28 JanHamburg60,000–100,000Die Zeit [36]
28 Jan Ibbenbüren 7,000Westfälische Nachrichten [126]
28 Jan Ludwigsburg 7,000 [115]
28 Jan Osnabrück 25,000Der Spiegel [35]
28 Jan Trier 10,000 Südwestrundfunk [127]
30 Jan Bielefeld 25,000 taz [37]
30 Jan Fulda 8,500–10,000 Fuldaer Zeitung [128]
30 Jan Rheine 7,000Münsterländische Volkszeitung [129]
3 Feb Aalen 7,000Schwäbische Zeitung [130]
3 Feb Ahaus 6,000Westfälische Nachrichten [131]
3 FebAugsburg25,000Bayerischer Rundfunk [40]
3 FebBerlin150,000–300,000 The Guardian [18]
3 Feb Dresden 30,000Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk [39]
3 FebFreiburg im Breisgauover 30,000 Badische Zeitung [38]
3 FebNuremberg25,000Der Tagesspiegel [17]
4 Feb Amberg 5,000Der neue Tag [132]
4 FebBremen16,500 Weser-Kurier [133]
4 Feb Emsdetten 5,000Emsdettener Volkszeitung [134]
4 FebLübeck5,000–9,000Norddeutscher Rundfunk [135]
4 Feb Wesel 5,000 Neue Ruhr Zeitung [136]
5 FebFrankfurt am Main19,000–25,000Frankfurter Rundschau [137]
10 Feb Hameln over 5,000Deister- und Weserzeitung [138]
10 FebRostock3,200–5,000Tagesschau [139]
11 FebDresden5,000Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk [140]
11 FebMunich75,000–100,000Der Spiegel [41]
13 FebDresden13,000Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk [141]
16 FebMünster30,000Die Zeit [42]
17 Feb Hanau 5,000Die Zeit [142]
17 Feb Magdeburg 3,000–6,000Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk [143]
17 Feb Recklinghausen 5,000Recklinghäuser Zeitung [144]
18 Feb Donauwörth 5,000 Augsburger Allgemeine [145]
18 Feb Essen 15,000RND [146]
18 Feb Saarbrücken 7,000 Saarländischer Rundfunk [147]
18 Feb Wolfsburg 7,000 Braunschweiger Zeitung [148]
24 FebStuttgart8,000Die Zeit [149]
24 Feb Willich 2,500–5,000Rheinische Post [150]
25 FebDresden20,000Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk [151]
25 FebHamburg60,000 Deutsche Welle [43]
25 FebLübeck5,000 Lübecker Nachrichten [152]
25 FebOldenburg7,000Nordwest-Zeitung [153]
25 Feb Paderborn 5,000Westfalen-Blatt, [154] Mindener Tageblatt [155]
2 MarDuisburg15,000Süddeutsche Zeitung [156]
3 MarAugsburg6,500Bayerischer Rundfunk [157]
3 MarBochum/Herne 5,000Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung [158]
3 Mar Würzburg 10,000Süddeutsche Zeitung [159]
17 Mar Bremen 5,000Weser-Kurier [160]

See also

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On 25 November 2023, a group of right-wing extremists met at the Adlon Mansion on Lake Lehnitz in Potsdam, Germany. At the event, Martin Sellner, an Austrian right-wing extremist presented a plan for the deportation of certain parts of the German populace, namely asylum seekers, foreigners with a residence permit, and "non-assimilated" German citizens. The meeting was attended by members of the German right-wing populist party AfD, the mainstream centre-right party Christian Democratic Union (CDU), the Werteunion, and the far-right Identitarian movement, among others. The meeting was exposed by the investigative journalism organization Correctiv, which published its findings on 10 January 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023–2024 German farmers' protests</span> Protests over abolition of tax breaks and federal policies

The 2023–2024 German farmers' protests are a series of ongoing nationwide protests and road blockages in Germany organized by farmers and agricultural unions since 18 December 2023. The subjects of the protests are the abolition of tax breaks on farmers and the policies of the federal government.

References

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