AMD Instinct

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AMD Instinct
AMD Radeon Instinct wordmark.svg
Release dateJune 20, 2017;7 years ago (2017-06-20)
Designed by AMD
Marketed byAMD
Architecture
ModelsMI Series
Cores 36-304 Compute Units (CUs)
Transistors
  • 5.7B (Polaris10) 14 nm
  • 8.9B (Fiji) 28 nm
  • 12.5B (Vega10) 14 nm
  • 13.2B (Vega20) 7 nm
  • 25.6B (Arcturus) 7 nm
  • 58.2B (Aldebaran) 6 nm
  • 146B (Antares) 5 nm
  • 153B (Aqua Vanjaram) 5 nm
History
Predecessor

AMD Instinct is AMD's brand of data center GPUs. [1] [2] It replaced AMD's FirePro S brand in 2016. Compared to the Radeon brand of mainstream consumer/gamer products, the Instinct product line is intended to accelerate deep learning, artificial neural network, and high-performance computing/GPGPU applications.

Contents

The AMD Instinct product line directly competes with Nvidia's Tesla and Intel's Xeon Phi and Data Center GPU lines of machine learning and GPGPU cards.

The brand was originally known as AMD Radeon Instinct, but AMD dropped the Radeon brand from the name before AMD Instinct MI100 was introduced in November 2020.

In June 2022, supercomputers based on AMD's Epyc CPUs and Instinct GPUs took the lead on the Green500 list of the most power-efficient supercomputers with over 50% lead over any other, and held the top first 4 spots. [3] One of them, the AMD-based Frontier is since June 2022 and as of 2023 the fastest supercomputer in the world on the TOP500 list. [4] [5]

Products

Top view of an AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 card. Bol'she ne mainingovye Igraem na AMD BC-160 i Instinct Mi50 (Moi Komp'iuter) 25.png
Top view of an AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 card.
AMD Instinct GPU generations
AcceleratorLaunch dateArchitectureLithography Compute Units MemoryPCIe supportForm factor Processing power TBP
SizeTypeBandwidth (GB/s)FP16BF16FP32FP32 matrixFP64 performanceFP64 matrixINT8INT4
MI62016-12-12 [6] GCN 414 nm3616 GBGDDR52243.0PCIe5.7 TFLOPSN/A5.7 TFLOPSN/A358 GFLOPSN/AN/AN/A150 W
MI8GCN 328 nm644 GBHBM5128.2 TFLOPS8.2 TFLOPS512 GFLOPS175 W
MI25GCN 514 nm16 GBHBM248426.4 TFLOPS12.3 TFLOPS768 GFLOPS300 W
MI502018-11-06 [7] 7 nm6010244.026.5 TFLOPS13.3 TFLOPS6.6 TFLOPS53 TOPS300 W
MI606432 GB29.5 TFLOPS14.7 TFLOPS7.4 TFLOPS59 TOPS300 W
MI1002020-11-16CDNA1201200184.6 TFLOPS92.3 TFLOPS23.1 TFLOPS46.1 TFLOPS11.5 TFLOPS184.6 TOPS300 W
MI2102022-03-22 [8] CDNA 26 nm10464 GBHBM2e1600181 TFLOPS22.6 TFLOPS45.3 TFLOPS22.6 TFLOPS45.3 TFLOPS181 TOPS300 W
MI2502021-11-08 [9] 208128 GB3200OAM362.1 TFLOPS45.3 TFLOPS90.5 TFLOPS45.3 TFLOPS90.5 TFLOPS362.1 TOPS560 W
MI250X220383 TFLOPS47.92 TFLOPS95.7 TFLOPS47.9 TFLOPS95.7 TFLOPS383 TOPS560 W
MI300A2023-12-06 [10] CDNA 36 & 5 nm228128 GBHBM353005.0APU SH5 socket980.6 TFLOPS
1961.2 TFLOPS (with Sparsity)		122.6 TFLOPS61.3 TFLOPS122.6 TFLOPS1961.2 TOPS
3922.3 TOPS (with Sparsity)		N/A550 W
760 W (with liquid cooling)
MI300X304192 GBOAM1307.4 TFLOPS
2614.9 TFLOPS (with Sparsity)		163.4 TFLOPS81.7 TFLOPS163.4 TFLOPS2614.9 TOPS
5229.8 TOPS (with Sparsity)		N/A750 W
MI325X2024-06-02 [11] 288 GBHBM3e6000

The three initial Radeon Instinct products were announced on December 12, 2016, and released on June 20, 2017, with each based on a different architecture. [12] [13]

MI6

The MI6 is a passively cooled, Polaris 10 based card with 16 GB of GDDR5 memory and with a <150 W TDP. [1] [2] At 5.7 TFLOPS (FP16 and FP32), the MI6 is expected to be used primarily for inference, rather than neural network training. The MI6 has a peak double precision (FP64) compute performance of 358 GFLOPS. [14]

MI8

The MI8 is a Fiji based card, analogous to the R9 Nano, has a <175W TDP. [1] The MI8 has 4 GB of High Bandwidth Memory. At 8.2 TFLOPS (FP16 and FP32), the MI8 is marked toward inference. The MI8 has a peak (FP64) double precision compute performance 512 GFLOPS. [15]

MI25

The MI25 is a Vega based card, utilizing HBM2 memory. The MI25 performance is expected to be 12.3 TFLOPS using FP32 numbers. In contrast to the MI6 and MI8, the MI25 is able to increase performance when using lower precision numbers, and accordingly is expected to reach 24.6 TFLOPS when using FP16 numbers. The MI25 is rated at <300W TDP with passive cooling. The MI25 also provides 768 GFLOPS peak double precision (FP64) at 1/16th rate. [16]

MI300 series

The MI300A and MI300X are data center accelerators that use the CDNA 3 architecture, which is optimized for high-performance computing (HPC) and generative artificial intelligence (AI) workloads. The CDNA 3 architecture features a scalable chiplet design that leverages TSMC’s advanced packaging technologies, such as CoWoS (chip-on-wafer-on-substrate) and InFO (integrated fan-out), to combine multiple chiplets on a single interposer. The chiplets are interconnected by AMD’s Infinity Fabric, which enables high-speed and low-latency data transfer between the chiplets and the host system.

The MI300A is an accelerated processing unit (APU) that integrates 24 Zen 4 CPU cores with four CDNA 3 GPU cores, resulting in a total of 228 CUs in the GPU section, and 128 GB of HBM3 memory. The Zen 4 CPU cores are based on the 5 nm process node and support the x86-64 instruction set, as well as AVX-512 and BFloat16 extensions. The Zen 4 CPU cores can run general-purpose applications and provide host-side computation for the GPU cores. The MI300A has a peak performance of 61.3 TFLOPS of FP64 (122.6 TFLOPS FP64 matrix) and 980.6 TFLOPS of FP16 (1961.2 TFLOPS with sparsity), as well as 5.3 TB/s of memory bandwidth. The MI300A supports PCIe 5.0 and CXL 2.0 interfaces, which allow it to communicate with other devices and accelerators in a heterogeneous system.

The MI300X is a dedicated generative AI accelerator that replaces the CPU cores with additional GPU cores and HBM memory, resulting in a total of 304 CUs (64 cores per CU) and 192 GB of HBM3 memory. The MI300X is designed to accelerate generative AI applications, such as natural language processing, computer vision, and deep learning. The MI300X has a peak performance of 653.7 TFLOPS of TP32 (1307.4 TFLOPS with sparsity) and 1307.4 TFLOPS of FP16 (2614.9 TFLOPS with sparsity), as well as 5.3 TB/s of memory bandwidth. The MI300X also supports PCIe 5.0 and CXL 2.0 interfaces, as well as AMD’s ROCm software stack, which provides a unified programming model and tools for developing and deploying generative AI applications on AMD hardware. [17] [18] [19]

Software

ROCm

Following software is, as of 2022, regrouped under the Radeon Open Compute meta-project.

MxGPU

The MI6, MI8, and MI25 products all support AMD's MxGPU virtualization technology, enabling sharing of GPU resources across multiple users. [1] [20]

MIOpen

MIOpen is AMD's deep learning library to enable GPU acceleration of deep learning. [1] Much of this extends the GPUOpen's Boltzmann Initiative software. [20] This is intended to compete with the deep learning portions of Nvidia's CUDA library. It supports the deep learning frameworks: Theano, Caffe, TensorFlow, MXNet, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit, Torch, and Chainer. Programming is supported in OpenCL and Python, in addition to supporting the compilation of CUDA through AMD's Heterogeneous-compute Interface for Portability and Heterogeneous Compute Compiler.

Chipset table

The Vega 20 GPU on the Instinct MI50 Bol'she ne mainingovye Igraem na AMD BC-160 i Instinct Mi50 (Moi Komp'iuter) 40.png
The Vega 20 GPU on the Instinct MI50
Model
(Code name)		Launch Architecture
&  fab 		Transistors
& die size		Core Fillrate [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 2] [lower-alpha 3] Processing power [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 4]
(TFLOPS)		MemoryTBPBus
interface
Config [lower-alpha 5] Clock [lower-alpha 1]
(MHz)		Texture
(GT/s)		Pixel
(GP/s)		 Half Single Double Size
(GB)		Bus type
& width		Bandwidth
(GB/s)		Clock
(MT/s)
Radeon Instinct MI6
(Polaris 10) [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] 		Jun 20, 2017 GCN 4
GloFo   14LP 		5.7×109
232 mm2		2304:144:32
36 CU		1120
1233		161.3
177.6		35.84
39.46		5.161
5.682		5.161
5.682		0.323
0.355		16 GDDR5
256-bit		2247000150 W PCIe 3.0
×16
Radeon Instinct MI8
(Fiji) [21] [22] [23] [27] [28] [29] 		GCN 3
TSMC   28 nm 		8.9×109
596 mm2		4096:256:64
64 CU		1000256.064.008.1928.1920.5124 HBM
4096-bit		5121000175 W
Radeon Instinct MI25
(Vega 10) [21] [22] [23] [30] [31] [32] [33] 		GCN 5
GloFo   14LP 		12.5×109
510 mm2		1400
1500		358.4
384.0		89.60
96.00		22.94
24.58		11.47
12.29		0.717
0.768		16 HBM2
2048-bit		4841890300 W
Radeon Instinct MI50
(Vega 20) [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] 		Nov 18, 2018GCN 5
TSMC   N7 		13.2×109
331 mm2		3840:240:64
60 CU		1450
1725		348.0
414.0		92.80
110.4		22.27
26.50		11.14
13.25		5.568
6.624		16
32		HBM2
4096-bit		10242000 PCIe 4.0
×16
Radeon Instinct MI60
(Vega 20) [35] [40] [41] [42] 		4096:256:64
64 CU		1500
1800		384.0
460.8		96.00
115.2		24.58
29.49		12.29
14.75		6.144
7.373		32
AMD Instinct MI100
(Arcturus) [43] [44] [45] 		Nov 16, 2020 CDNA
TSMC   N7 		25.6×109
750 mm2		7680:480:-
120 CU		1000
1502		480.0
721.0		—122.9
184.6		15.36
23.07		7.680
11.54		1228.82400
AMD Instinct MI210
(Aldebaran) [46] [47] [48] 		Mar 22, 2022 CDNA 2
TSMC   N6 		28 x 109
~770 mm2		6656:416:-
104 CU
(1 × GCD) [lower-alpha 6] 		1000
1700		416.0
707.2		106.5
181.0		13.31
22.63		13.31
22.63		64 HBM2E
4096-bit		1638.43200
AMD Instinct MI250
(Aldebaran) [49] [50] [51] 		Nov 8, 202158 x 109
1540 mm2		13312:832:-
208 CU
(2 × GCD)		832.0
1414		213.0
362.1		26.62
45.26		26.62
45.26		2 × 64HBM2E
2 × 4096-bit [lower-alpha 7] 		2 × 1638.4500 W
560 W (Peak)
AMD Instinct MI250X
(Aldebaran) [52] [50] [53] 		14080:880:-
220 CU
(2 × GCD)		880.0
1496		225.3
383.0		28.16
47.87		28.16
47.87
AMD Instinct MI300A
(Antares) [54] [55] [56] [57] 		Dec 6, 2023 CDNA 3
TSMC   N5 & N6 		146 x 109
1017 mm2		14592:912:-
228 CU
(6 × XCD)
(24 AMD Zen 4 x86 CPU cores)		2100912.0
1550.4		980.6
1961.2 (With Sparsity)		122.6
61.3
122.6 (FP64 Matrix)		128HBM3
8192-bit		53005200550 W
760 W (Liquid Cooling)		 PCIe 5.0
×16
AMD Instinct MI300X
(Aqua Vanjaram) [58] [59] [60] [61] 		153 x 109
1017 mm2		19456:1216:-
304 CU
(8 × XCD)		1216.0
2062.1		1307.4
2614.9 (With Sparsity)		163.4
81.7
163.4 (FP64 Matrix)		192750 W
  1. 1 2 3 Boost values (if available) are stated below the base value in italic.
  2. ↑ Texture fillrate is calculated as the number of texture mapping units multiplied by the base (or boost) core clock speed.
  3. ↑ Pixel fillrate is calculated as the number of render output units multiplied by the base (or boost) core clock speed.
  4. ↑ Precision performance is calculated from the base (or boost) core clock speed based on a FMA operation.
  5. ↑ Unified shaders  : Texture mapping units  : Render output units and Compute units (CU)
  6. ↑ GCD Refers to a Graphics Compute Die. Each GCD is a different piece of silicon.
  7. ↑ CDNA 2.0 Based cards adopt a design using two dies on the same package.They are linked with 400GB/s Bidirectional Infinity Fabric link, The dies are addressed as individual GPUs by the host system.

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

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  3. ↑ "Green500 Release June 2022". TOP500. Retrieved May 9, 2024.
  4. ↑ "Top500 Release June 2022". TOP500. Retrieved May 9, 2024.
  5. ↑ "Top500 Release November 2023". TOP500. Retrieved May 9, 2024.
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  7. ↑ Smith, Ryan. "AMD Announces Radeon Instinct MI60 & MI50 Accelerators: Powered By 7nm Vega". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
  8. ↑ Smith, Ryan. "AMD Releases Instinct MI210 Accelerator: CDNA 2 On a PCIe Card". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
  9. ↑ Smith, Ryan. "AMD Announces Instinct MI200 Accelerator Family: Taking Servers to Exascale and Beyond". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
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  14. ↑ "Radeon Instinct MI6". Radeon Instinct. AMD. Retrieved June 22, 2017.[ permanent dead link ]
  15. ↑ "Radeon Instinct MI8". Radeon Instinct. AMD. Retrieved June 22, 2017.[ permanent dead link ]
  16. ↑ "Radeon Instinct MI25". Radeon Instinct. AMD. Retrieved June 22, 2017.[ permanent dead link ]
  17. ↑ "AMD CDNA 3 Architecture" (PDF). AMD CDNA Architecture. AMD. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
  18. ↑ "AMD INSTINCT MI300A APU" (PDF). AMD Instinct Accelerators. AMD. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
  19. ↑ "AMD INSTINCT MI300X APU" (PDF). AMD Instinct Accelerators. AMD. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
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  27. ↑ "Radeon Instinct MI8". AMD. Archived from the original on August 1, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
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  30. ↑ Smith, Ryan (January 5, 2017). "The AMD Vega Architecture Teaser: Higher IPC, Tiling, & More, coming in H1'2017". AnandTech. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
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  33. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI25 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
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  37. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 Accelerator (32GB)". AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  38. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  39. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  40. ↑ "Radeon Instinct MI60". AMD. Archived from the original on November 22, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  41. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI60 Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  42. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI60 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  43. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI100 Accelerator". AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  44. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI100 Accelerator Brochure" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  45. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI100 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
  46. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI210 Accelerator". AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  47. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI210 Accelerator Brochure" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  48. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI210 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  49. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI250 Accelerator". AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  50. 1 2 "AMD Instinct MI200 Series Accelerator Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  51. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI250 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
  52. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI250X Accelerator". AMD. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  53. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI250X Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
  54. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI300A APU". AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  55. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI300A Series Accelerator Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  56. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI300 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  57. ↑ "AMD-CDNA3-white-paper" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  58. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI300X GPU". AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  59. ↑ "AMD Instinct MI300X Series Accelerator Datasheet" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  60. ↑ "AMD Radeon Instinct MI300 Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  61. ↑ "AMD-CDNA3-white-paper" (PDF). AMD. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
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