Bao'an County 寶安縣, 宝安县 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
County of China | |||||||||||||
331–1979 | |||||||||||||
Location of Bao'an County within modern Shenzhen (in purple). | |||||||||||||
Capital | Nantou | ||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||
• Established | 331 | ||||||||||||
• Separation from Dongguan County | 1573 | ||||||||||||
29 August 1842 | |||||||||||||
• Renamed to Shenzhen | 23 January 1979 | ||||||||||||
• Bao'an District established | 1 January 1993 | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Today part of | People's Republic of China (Mainland) Hong Kong |
Bao'an County | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Traditional Chinese | 寶安縣 | ||||||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 宝安县 | ||||||||||||||||||
Postal | Poon County | ||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||
Xin'an County | |||||||||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 新安縣 | ||||||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 新安县 | ||||||||||||||||||
Postal | Sunon County | ||||||||||||||||||
Literal meaning | New peace | ||||||||||||||||||
|
This article is part of a series on the |
History of Hong Kong |
---|
Timeline |
|
By topic |
Bao'an County, formerly named Xin'an County, was a historical county in South China. It roughly follows the administrative boundaries of modern-day Hong Kong and the city of Shenzhen. For most of its history, the administrative center of the county was in Nantou.
During the Three Kingdoms, the later Bao'an County, along with Dongguan and Boluo counties, formed a single large district with the name Boluo (博羅; 博罗). [1]
In 331, the Eastern Jin dynasty established Bao'an County, one of six counties under Dōngguān (東官; 东官) Prefecture. This prefecture's area included modern Shenzhen and Dongguan. [2] In the second year of the Zhide of Suzong under the Tang dynasty (757 AD), Dōngguān was renamed to Dōngguǎn (東莞; 东莞).
In the 27th year of Hongwu Emperor's (1368–1399, founder of the Ming dynasty) reign, Hongwu appointed an officer with the title Shou-yu-suo (Chinese :守御所; lit.'Protector of the region') to protect the local population from robbers and vagabonds which increasingly infested the district. [1]
In 1573, the first year of the reign of Wanli of the Ming dynasty, Xin'an County (sometimes referred to as district) was established as a separate administrative division of Guangzhou Prefecture. The area was then separated from the old Dongguan County due to military reasons. [3]
Under the Qing dynasty, Xin'an County was one of the fourteen districts under the department of Guangdong. During the Great Clearance (1661–1669), most of Xin'an County was affected by the coastal evacuation. However Xin'an ceased to be a separate administrative county by the 5th year of Kangxi (1666), and the areas not affected by the evacuation were temporarily absorbed into the adjoining Dongguan County until the lift of the ban in 1669. [3] From 1842 to 1898, 1055.61 km2 out of 3076 km2 of Xin'an County was ceded to the United Kingdom to form Hong Kong. [2]
According to the 1819 edition of the Gazetteer of Xin'an County , the population of Xin'an County was about 18,000 people in 1642, just prior to the collapse of the Ming dynasty, and the total population was about 4,000 by 1672, three years after the reoccupation of the area at the end of the Great Clearance. [4]
The area commonly referred to as Hong Kong was successively ceded or leased from the county to Britain in 1842, 1860 and 1898 under the Treaty of Nanking (Hong Kong Island), Convention of Peking (Kowloon), and Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory (New Territories).
After the founding of the Republic of China in 1913, the name of Xin'an was changed back to Bao'an. [2]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2018) |
In 1953, Shenzhen replaced Nantou as the administrative centre, due to the increasing prominence of the town as the southern terminus of the Chinese section of the Kowloon–Canton Railway. [5]
In 1979, Bao'an County was renamed Shenzhen City after the name of its county town since 1953, and the southern part of Shenzhen became a Special Economic Zone a year later. A diminished Bao'an County remained in the new city of Shenzhen outside the SEZ until 1992, when it was replaced by the Bao'an and the Longgang districts.
Shenzhen is a city and special economic zone on the east bank of the Pearl River estuary on the central coast of the southern Chinese province of Guangdong, bordering Hong Kong to the south, Dongguan to the north, and Huizhou to the northeast. With a population of 17.56 million in 2020, Shenzhen is the third most populous city by urban population in China after Shanghai and Beijing. Shenzhen is a global center in technology, research, manufacturing, business and economics, finance, tourism and transportation, and the Port of Shenzhen is the world's fourth busiest container port.
Zhongshan is a prefecture-level city in the south of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong province, China. As of the 2020 census, the whole city with 4,418,060 inhabitants is now part of the Guangzhou–Shenzhen conurbation with 65,565,622 inhabitants. The city-core subdistricts used to be called Shiqi or Shekki.
Luohu District is a district of Shenzhen, China, located north of the New Territories of Hong Kong, east of Futian District, southeast of Longgang District, southwest of Pingshan District, and west of Yantian District. It is one of the oldest parts of the city, having represented Shenzhen as a fishing village before 1953 and a market town from 1953 to 1979, when Bao'an County was promoted to a prefecture-level city and renamed Shenzhen.
Dongguan is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. An important industrial city in the Pearl River Delta, Dongguan borders the provincial capital of Guangzhou to the north, Huizhou to the northeast, Shenzhen to the south, and the Pearl River to the west. It is part of the Pearl River Delta built-up area with more than 65.57 million inhabitants as of the 2020 census spread over nine municipalities across an area of 19,870 square kilometers (7,670 sq mi).
Qingxi is an industrial town located in the southeastern part of Dongguan prefecture-level city, Guangdong Province, China.
Huizhou is a city in central-east Guangdong Province, China, forty-three miles north of Hong Kong. Huizhou borders the provincial capital of Guangzhou to the west, Shenzhen and Dongguan to the southwest, Shaoguan to the north, Heyuan to the northeast, Shanwei to the east, and Daya Bay of the South China Sea to the south. As of the 2020 census, the city has about 6,042,852 inhabitants and is administered as a prefecture-level city. Huizhou's core metropolitan area, which is within Huicheng and Huiyang Districts, is home to around 2,090,578 inhabitants.
The Weitou dialect is a dialect of Yue Chinese. It forms part of the Guan–Bao branch of Yuehai. It is spoken by older generations in Luohu and Futian districts in Shenzhen, and by those in the New Territories, Hong Kong.
Nantou is a historical monument in Shenzhen, China. It was the former administrative centre of Xin'an County.
Shilong is an industrial town under the direct administration of the prefecture-level city of Dongguan, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China.
Changping town is a town under the direct administration of the prefecture-level city of Dongguan, in Guangdong province, China, located to the east of downtown Dongguan. The town has a total area of 108 km2 (42 sq mi) and a population of 500,000.
Dongguandong railway station serves the city of Dongguan in Guangdong province, China. It is located in Dongguan's Changping Town.
Dongguan South railway station is a station in Tangxia, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, China. It is one of the stations on the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway between Huizhou North railway station in Huizhou and Guangmingcheng railway station in Shenzhen City.
Dapeng Fortress or Dapengsuocheng is a walled village in the subdistrict Dapeng, district Longgang, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China. The village lies 55 kilometers from the center of Shenzhen.
Guancheng Subdistrict is a subdistrict in Guangdong Province, China under the administration of Dongguan City. It has an area of 11.16 square kilometres (4.31 sq mi), and a residential population of 230,000, of which 152,000 are new residents. Guancheng was the old political and cultural centre of Dongguan, before the government moved to the new centre in the Nancheng Subdistrict.
Dongcheng Subdistrict is one of the four subdistricts of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China. The subdistrict has an area of 105.9 square kilometers, and, as of 2019, has a permanent population of around 500,000, and a registered population of around 99,500. Dongcheng Subdistrict's GDP as of 2019 is ¥58.656 billion.
The Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region Intercity Railway System is a regional higher-speed rail and suburban rail network being gradually constructed in the Pearl River Delta, People's Republic of China. The project's goal is to have every major urban center in the Greater Bay Area to be within one-hour travel by rail to Guangzhou. On March 16, 2005, the State Council approved plans for a regional high-speed commuter rail network for the Jingjinji, Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. According to the plan, by 2020, the network will have a total route mileage of about 600 kilometres (370 mi). In September 2009, the plan was expanded to 1,478 km (918 mi) of routes split up into 23 lines. In the long term vision network length will reach 1,890 km (1,170 mi) by 2030. By then the network will provide basic coverage to the Pearl River Delta region. The Suishen ICR, Guanhui ICR and Guangfozhao ICR accept Alipay, avoiding the need to purchase tickets in advance.
Guangzhou–Shenzhen intercity railway or Suishen intercity railway is a commuter railway in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong, China. The construction route traces roughly along the east bank of the Pearl River, connecting Guangzhou, Dongguan and Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport. It will feature a length of 73.996 km (45.979 mi) from Xintang South to Shenzhen Airport, operating at a top speed of 140 km/h (87 mph) using CRH6A trains.
He Zhen was a Chinese politician during the late Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) and early Ming dynasty (1368–1644).
Xin'an Xianzhi were the chorography of the historical Xin'an County of Guangdong in southern China.
Nanhai Commandery was an ancient Chinese commandery that existed from Qin dynasty to Tang dynasty. At the greatest extent, Nanhai's territories covered present-day Guangdong, Hainan, southeastern Guangxi and the southern tip of Fujian. The seat of Nanhai Commandery was Panyu.