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Mauritian society contains several ethnic groups. The majority of the residents of Mauritius are descendants of people from Africa followed by India. Mauritius also comprises migrants from continental Africa, China, France, and the East African island of Madagascar. As of 2023, Mauritius had the highest population density in Africa.
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects [1] [2] , the total population was 1,298,915 in 2021, compared to 479,000 in 1950. [3]
The proportion of the population aged under 15 was 21.9% in 2010. [3] 71.2% were between 15 and 65 years of age, with 6.9% being 65 years or older. [3]
Mauritius has a population of 1,235,260 (608,090 males, 627,170 females), according to the 2022 Census. [4] The population on the island of Mauritius was 1,191,280 (586,590 males and 604,690 females); [5] Rodrigues island was 43,650 (21,330 males and 22,320 females); and Agaléga island was 330 (170 males and 160 females). [6] [7] [8]
The average age of the population was 38 years; [9] [10] [11] the proportion of children aged under 15 years decreased from 20.7% (in 2011) to 15.4% (in 2022); and the number of adults aged 60 years and over increased from 12.7% (2011) to 18.7% (2022). [12]
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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 479 000 | 45.2 | 51.9 | 3.0 |
1955 | 570 000 | 46.1 | 51.3 | 2.6 |
1960 | 662 000 | 46.6 | 50.9 | 2.5 |
1965 | 754 000 | 46.2 | 51.3 | 2.5 |
1970 | 828 000 | 43.8 | 53.6 | 2.6 |
1975 | 891 000 | 39.9 | 57.3 | 2.8 |
1980 | 966 000 | 35.4 | 61.0 | 3.6 |
1985 | 1 021 000 | 31.4 | 64.5 | 4.1 |
1990 | 1 059 000 | 29.7 | 65.8 | 4.5 |
1995 | 1 122 000 | 27.8 | 67.2 | 5.0 |
2000 | 1 187 000 | 26.7 | 67.6 | 5.7 |
2005 | 1 243 000 | 24.8 | 69.1 | 6.1 |
2010 | 1 281 000 | 21.9 | 71.2 | 6.9 |
Population Estimates by sex and age group (01.VII.2012) (Based on the results of the 2011 Population Census.) :
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 621 297 | 634 585 | 1,255,882 | 100 |
0–4 | 38 379 | 37 772 | 76 151 | 6.06 |
5–9 | 46 802 | 45 130 | 91 932 | 7.32 |
10–14 | 49 926 | 48 044 | 97 970 | 7.80 |
15–19 | 50 158 | 49 996 | 100 154 | 7.97 |
20–24 | 48 747 | 47 374 | 96 121 | 7.65 |
25–29 | 43 794 | 43 392 | 87 186 | 6.94 |
30–34 | 52 325 | 51 550 | 103 875 | 8.27 |
35–39 | 45 447 | 44 448 | 89 895 | 7.16 |
40–44 | 43 961 | 43 150 | 87 111 | 6.94 |
45–49 | 49 134 | 48 570 | 97 704 | 7.78 |
50–54 | 43 718 | 44 514 | 88 232 | 7.03 |
55–59 | 37 174 | 38 625 | 75 799 | 6.04 |
60–64 | 28 929 | 31 946 | 60 875 | 4.85 |
65–69 | 16 986 | 20 842 | 37 828 | 3.01 |
70–74 | 11 099 | 14 471 | 25 570 | 2.04 |
75–79 | 7 761 | 11 311 | 19 072 | 1.52 |
80–84 | 4 077 | 7 033 | 11 110 | 0.88 |
85+ | 2 880 | 6 417 | 9 297 | 0.74 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 135 107 | 130 946 | 266 053 | 21.18 |
15–64 | 443 387 | 443 565 | 886 952 | 70.62 |
65+ | 42 803 | 60 074 | 102 877 | 8.19 |
Population by sex and age group (Census 04.VII.2019) (Excludes the islands of St. Brandon and Agalega.): [13]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 610 848 | 625 969 | 1,236,817 | 100 |
0–4 | 36 702 | 36 376 | 73 078 | 5.91 |
5–9 | 44 947 | 44 068 | 89 015 | 7.20 |
10–14 | 47 302 | 46 337 | 93 639 | 7.57 |
15–19 | 50 715 | 50 293 | 101 008 | 8.17 |
20–24 | 46 871 | 45 800 | 92 671 | 7.49 |
25–29 | 45 589 | 45 348 | 90 937 | 7.35 |
30–34 | 52 182 | 51 247 | 103 429 | 8.36 |
35–39 | 44 241 | 43 556 | 87 797 | 7.10 |
40–44 | 45 150 | 44 236 | 89 386 | 7.23 |
45–49 | 49 800 | 49 541 | 99 341 | 8.03 |
50–54 | 42 996 | 43 341 | 86 337 | 6.98 |
55–59 | 35 713 | 37 341 | 73 054 | 5.91 |
60–64 | 27 143 | 30 199 | 57 342 | 4.64 |
65–69 | 15 846 | 19 593 | 35 439 | 2.87 |
70–74 | 10 986 | 14 389 | 25 375 | 2.05 |
75–79 | 7 349 | 10 695 | 18 044 | 1.46 |
80–84 | 4 176 | 7 193 | 11 369 | 0.92 |
85–89 | 2 135 | 4 233 | 6 368 | 0.51 |
90–94 | 512 | 1 470 | 1 982 | 0.16 |
95–99 | 107 | 384 | 491 | 0.04 |
100+ | 13 | 83 | 96 | 0.01 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 128 951 | 126 781 | 255 732 | 20.68 |
15–64 | 440 400 | 440 902 | 881 302 | 71.26 |
65+ | 41 124 | 58 040 | 99 164 | 8.02 |
unknown | 373 | 246 | 619 | 0.05 |
The table below presents the population development of Mauritius since 1900. The figures up to 1945 are for the island of Mauritius only. As of 1946, the island of Rodrigues is included.
Figures are from Statistics Mauritius [14] and United Nations Demographic Yearbook. [15]
Average population (x 1000) | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | TFR | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1900 | 371 | 14 490 | 13 695 | 795 | 38.6 | 36.5 | 2.1 | |
1901 | 371 | 12 910 | 14 970 | -2 060 | 34.8 | 40.4 | -5.6 | |
1902 | 371 | 13 495 | 12 716 | 779 | 35.9 | 33.8 | 2.1 | |
1903 | 371 | 13 611 | 15 034 | -1 423 | 36.3 | 40.1 | -3.8 | |
1904 | 371 | 14 103 | 12 064 | 2 039 | 37.2 | 31.9 | 5.3 | |
1905 | 370 | 14 043 | 15 379 | -1 336 | 37.2 | 40.7 | -3.5 | |
1906 | 370 | 12 669 | 15 124 | -2 455 | 33.6 | 40.0 | -6.4 | |
1907 | 370 | 14 186 | 13 037 | 1 149 | 37.7 | 34.6 | 3.1 | |
1908 | 370 | 13 456 | 15 094 | -1 638 | 36.0 | 40.3 | -4.3 | |
1909 | 369 | 12 837 | 13 761 | – 924 | 34.4 | 36.9 | -2.5 | |
1910 | 369 | 13 329 | 12 488 | 841 | 36.1 | 33.8 | 2.3 | |
1911 | 369 | 14 585 | 12 204 | 2 381 | 39.2 | 32.8 | 6.4 | |
1912 | 370 | 13 209 | 14 429 | -1 220 | 35.5 | 38.8 | -3.3 | |
1913 | 371 | 15 153 | 13 201 | 1 952 | 40.8 | 35.5 | 5.3 | |
1914 | 372 | 15 229 | 12 134 | 3 095 | 40.8 | 32.5 | 8.3 | |
1915 | 373 | 13 094 | 13 101 | – 7 | 34.8 | 34.8 | -0.0 | |
1916 | 374 | 13 162 | 11 432 | 1 730 | 35.0 | 30.4 | 4.6 | |
1917 | 375 | 13 887 | 12 234 | 1 653 | 36.9 | 32.5 | 4.4 | |
1918 | 375 | 13 109 | 12 794 | 315 | 34.8 | 33.9 | 0.9 | |
1919 | 375 | 13 261 | 24 455 | -11 194 | 35.2 | 64.9 | -29.7 | |
1920 | 376 | 12 791 | 11 773 | 1 018 | 35.1 | 32.3 | 2.8 | |
1921 | 376 | 14 360 | 15 159 | – 799 | 38.1 | 40.3 | -2.2 | |
1922 | 376 | 13 955 | 12 967 | 988 | 37.0 | 34.5 | 2.5 | |
1923 | 377 | 13 879 | 10 778 | 3 101 | 36.8 | 28.5 | 8.3 | |
1924 | 380 | 15 430 | 10 558 | 4 872 | 41.1 | 28.1 | 13.0 | |
1925 | 383 | 16 545 | 9 327 | 7 218 | 42.6 | 24.9 | 17.7 | |
1926 | 386 | 15 520 | 9 958 | 5 562 | 39.4 | 25.3 | 14.1 | |
1927 | 389 | 13 748 | 10 015 | 3 733 | 34.5 | 25.1 | 9.4 | |
1928 | 391 | 15 206 | 11 342 | 3 864 | 37.9 | 28.2 | 9.7 | |
1929 | 393 | 13 771 | 12 413 | 1 358 | 34.0 | 30.7 | 3.3 | |
1930 | 393 | 12 793 | 14 341 | -1 548 | 31.6 | 35.4 | -3.8 | |
1931 | 393 | 11 941 | 15 467 | -3 526 | 29.7 | 38.4 | -8.7 | |
1932 | 390 | 10 266 | 12 848 | -2 582 | 25.7 | 32.2 | -6.5 | |
1933 | 390 | 13 479 | 10 615 | 2 864 | 33.8 | 26.6 | 7.2 | |
1934 | 392 | 13 516 | 10 069 | 3 447 | 33.7 | 25.1 | 8.6 | |
1935 | 394 | 13 246 | 10 445 | 2 801 | 32.8 | 25.8 | 7.0 | |
1936 | 398 | 13 867 | 10 500 | 3 367 | 34.1 | 25.8 | 8.3 | |
1937 | 400 | 14 097 | 11 527 | 2 570 | 34.4 | 28.1 | 6.3 | |
1938 | 402 | 13 420 | 12 046 | 1 374 | 32.6 | 29.2 | 3.4 | |
1939 | 405 | 14 578 | 11 340 | 3 238 | 35.2 | 27.4 | 7.8 | |
1940 | 407 | 12 145 | 10 373 | 1 772 | 29.1 | 24.9 | 4.2 | |
1941 | 407 | 13 430 | 10 436 | 2 994 | 32.2 | 25.0 | 7.2 | |
1942 | 408 | 13 553 | 11 927 | 1 626 | 32.5 | 28.6 | 3.9 | |
1943 | 410 | 13 604 | 10 642 | 2 962 | 32.6 | 25.5 | 7.1 | |
1944 | 419 | 18 258 | 11 355 | 6 903 | 43.4 | 27.0 | 16.4 | |
1945 | 424 | 16 290 | 15 277 | 1 013 | 38.4 | 36.0 | 2.4 | |
1946 | 437 | 16 939 | 12 678 | 4 261 | 38.8 | 29.0 | 9.8 | |
1947 | 445 | 19 458 | 8 830 | 10 628 | 43.7 | 19.8 | 23.9 | |
1948 | 455 | 19 429 | 10 680 | 8 749 | 42.7 | 23.5 | 19.2 | |
1949 | 458 | 20 931 | 7 523 | 13 408 | 45.7 | 16.4 | 29.3 | |
1950 | 479 | 23 667 | 6 611 | 17 056 | 49.4 | 13.8 | 35.6 | |
1951 | 498 | 23 543 | 7 305 | 16 238 | 47.3 | 14.7 | 32.6 | |
1952 | 514 | 24 689 | 7 569 | 17 120 | 48.0 | 14.7 | 33.3 | |
1953 | 537 | 24 428 | 8 550 | 15 878 | 45.5 | 15.9 | 29.6 | |
1954 | 551 | 22 513 | 8 587 | 13 926 | 40.9 | 15.6 | 25.3 | |
1955 | 570 | 23 612 | 7 260 | 16 352 | 41.4 | 12.7 | 28.7 | |
1956 | 591 | 25 666 | 6 910 | 18 756 | 43.4 | 11.7 | 31.7 | |
1957 | 609 | 26 055 | 7 823 | 18 232 | 42.8 | 12.8 | 29.9 | |
1958 | 627 | 25 398 | 7 307 | 18 091 | 40.5 | 11.7 | 28.9 | |
1959 | 644 | 24 792 | 7 040 | 17 752 | 38.5 | 10.9 | 27.6 | |
1960 | 662 | 26 017 | 7 588 | 18 429 | 39.3 | 11.5 | 27.8 | |
1961 | 680 | 27 028 | 6 697 | 20 331 | 39.7 | 9.8 | 29.9 | |
1962 | 700 | 27 162 | 6 485 | 20 677 | 38.8 | 9.3 | 29.5 | |
1963 | 715 | 28 859 | 6 912 | 21 947 | 40.4 | 9.7 | 30.7 | |
1964 | 735 | 28 610 | 6 421 | 22 189 | 38.9 | 8.7 | 30.2 | |
1965 | 754 | 27 195 | 6 637 | 20 558 | 36.1 | 8.8 | 27.3 | |
1966 | 773 | 27 831 | 6 944 | 20 887 | 36.0 | 9.0 | 27.0 | |
1967 | 789 | 24 471 | 6 750 | 17 721 | 31.0 | 8.6 | 22.5 | |
1968 | 804 | 25 409 | 7 382 | 18 027 | 31.6 | 9.2 | 22.4 | |
1969 | 815 | 22 621 | 6 733 | 15 888 | 27.7 | 8.3 | 19.5 | |
1970 | 828 | 22 765 | 6 520 | 16 245 | 27.5 | 7.9 | 19.6 | |
1971 | 841 | 21 926 | 6 436 | 15 490 | 26.1 | 7.7 | 18.4 | |
1972 | 851 | 21 495 | 6 753 | 14 742 | 25.3 | 7.9 | 17.3 | |
1973 | 869 | 20 015 | 6 779 | 13 236 | 23.0 | 7.8 | 15.2 | |
1974 | 881 | 24 002 | 6 424 | 17 578 | 27.3 | 7.3 | 20.0 | |
1975 | 891 | 22 557 | 7 201 | 15 356 | 25.3 | 8.1 | 17.2 | 3.19 |
1976 | 903 | 23 274 | 6 968 | 16 306 | 25.8 | 7.7 | 18.0 | 3.13 |
1977 | 918 | 23 859 | 7 154 | 16 705 | 26.0 | 7.8 | 18.2 | 3.04 |
1978 | 934 | 25 278 | 6 596 | 18 682 | 27.1 | 7.1 | 20.0 | 3.09 |
1979 | 948 | 26 163 | 6 871 | 19 292 | 27.6 | 7.2 | 20.3 | 3.07 |
1980 | 966 | 26 294 | 6 919 | 19 375 | 27.2 | 7.2 | 20.1 | 3.19 |
1981 | 981 | 24 967 | 6 653 | 18 314 | 25.5 | 6.8 | 18.7 | 2.68 |
1982 | 993 | 22 459 | 6 584 | 15 875 | 22.6 | 6.6 | 16.0 | 2.39 |
1983 | 1 002 | 21 073 | 6 532 | 14 541 | 21.0 | 6.5 | 14.5 | 2.23 |
1984 | 1 011 | 20 332 | 6 646 | 13 686 | 20.1 | 6.6 | 13.5 | 2.16 |
1985 | 1 021 | 19 376 | 6 906 | 12 470 | 19.0 | 6.8 | 12.2 | 2.02 |
1986 | 1 028 | 19 170 | 6 805 | 12 365 | 18.6 | 6.6 | 12.0 | 1.99 |
1987 | 1 037 | 20 033 | 6 753 | 13 280 | 19.3 | 6.5 | 12.8 | 2.05 |
1988 | 1 043 | 20 941 | 6 879 | 14 062 | 20.1 | 6.6 | 13.5 | 2.14 |
1989 | 1 051 | 21 822 | 7 149 | 14 673 | 20.8 | 6.8 | 14.0 | 2.23 |
1990 | 1 059 | 22 602 | 7 031 | 15 571 | 21.3 | 6.6 | 14.7 | 2.32 |
1991 | 1 070 | 22 197 | 7 027 | 15 170 | 20.7 | 6.6 | 14.2 | 2.30 |
1992 | 1 084 | 22 902 | 7 023 | 15 879 | 21.1 | 6.5 | 14.6 | 2.37 |
1993 | 1 098 | 22 329 | 7 433 | 14 896 | 20.3 | 6.8 | 13.6 | 2.31 |
1994 | 1 113 | 21 795 | 7 402 | 14 393 | 19.6 | 6.7 | 12.9 | 2.25 |
1995 | 1 122 | 20 549 | 7 465 | 13 084 | 18.3 | 6.7 | 11.7 | 2.14 |
1996 | 1 134 | 20 763 | 7 670 | 13 093 | 18.3 | 6.8 | 11.5 | 2.12 |
1997 | 1 148 | 20 012 | 7 986 | 12 026 | 17.4 | 7.0 | 10.5 | 2.04 |
1998 | 1 160 | 19 434 | 7 839 | 11 595 | 16.8 | 6.8 | 10.0 | 1.97 |
1999 | 1 175 | 20 311 | 7 944 | 12 367 | 17.3 | 6.8 | 10.5 | 2.05 |
2000 | 1 187 | 20 205 | 7 982 | 12 223 | 17.0 | 6.7 | 10.3 | 1.99 |
2001 | 1 200 | 19 696 | 7 983 | 11 713 | 16.4 | 6.7 | 9.8 | 1.93 |
2002 | 1 210 | 19 983 | 8 310 | 11 673 | 16.5 | 6.9 | 9.6 | 1.96 |
2003 | 1 223 | 19 343 | 8 520 | 10 823 | 15.8 | 7.0 | 8.8 | 1.91 |
2004 | 1 233 | 19 230 | 8 475 | 10 755 | 15.6 | 6.9 | 8.7 | 1.92 |
2005 | 1 243 | 18 820 | 8 646 | 10 174 | 15.1 | 7.0 | 8.2 | 1.88 |
2006 | 1 253 | 17 604 | 9 162 | 8 442 | 14.0 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 1.77 |
2007 | 1 261 | 17 034 | 8 498 | 8 536 | 13.5 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 1.74 |
2008 | 1 268 | 16 372 | 9 004 | 7 368 | 12.9 | 7.1 | 5.8 | 1.67 |
2009 | 1 275 | 15 344 | 9 224 | 6 120 | 12.0 | 7.2 | 4.8 | 1.59 |
2010 | 1 281 | 15 005 | 9 131 | 5 874 | 11.7 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 1.57 |
2011 | 1 286 | 14 701 | 9 170 | 5 531 | 11.7 | 7.3 | 4.4 | 1.55 |
2012 | 1 256 | 14 502 | 9 343 | 5 159 | 11.5 | 7.4 | 4.1 | 1.54 |
2013 | 1 259 | 13 688 | 9 440 | 4 248 | 10.9 | 7.5 | 3.4 | 1.44 |
2014 | 1 261 | 13 283 | 9 682 | 3 601 | 10.5 | 7.7 | 2.8 | 1.43 |
2015 | 1 263 | 12,738 | 9,747 | 2,991 | 10.1 | 7.7 | 2.4 | 1.36 |
2016 | 1 263 | 12,948 | 10,174 | 2,774 | 10.2 | 8.1 | 2.1 | 1.40 |
2017 | 1 265 | 13,385 | 10,140 | 3,245 | 10.6 | 8.0 | 2.6 | 1.44 |
2018 | 1 265 | 12,980 | 10,787 | 2,193 | 10.3 | 8.5 | 1.8 | 1.41 |
2019 | 1 266 | 12,862 | 11,174 | 1,688 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 1.4 | 1.40 |
2020 | 1 266 | 13,465 | 11,060 | 2,405 | 10.6 | 8.7 | 1.9 | 1.44 |
2021 | 1 264 | 12,982 | 13,274 | -292 | 10.3 | 10.5 | -0.2 | 1.41 |
2022 | 1 261 | 12,096 | 12,938 | -842 | 9.6 | 10.2 | -0.6 | 1.32 |
2023 | 1 260 | 12,872 | 11,839 | 1,033 | 10.2 | 9.4 | 0.8 | 1.39 |
Period | Live births | Deaths | Natural change |
---|---|---|---|
January–June 2024 | 6,268 | 6,213 | +55 |
January–June 2023 | 6,508 | 5,738 | +770 |
Difference | -240 (-3.7%) | +475 (+8.3%) | -715 |
Period | Life expectancy in Years [17] |
---|---|
1950–1955 | 50.19 |
1955–1960 | 55.74 |
1960–1965 | 61.23 |
1965–1970 | 62.96 |
1970–1975 | 63.55 |
1975–1980 | 65.58 |
1980–1985 | 68.10 |
1985–1990 | 68.49 |
1990–1995 | 70.28 |
1995–2000 | 70.36 |
2000–2005 | 72.09 |
2005–2010 | 72.75 |
2010–2015 | 74.13 |
Indo-Mauritians are roughly forty-six percent of the population. The Indo-Mauritian population consists of Hindu, Muslim, and Christian descendants of Indian laborers.
Mauritian Creoles (descendants of Africans) are thirty-eight percent of the population. Today, a significant proportion of Creoles are of African descent, with varying amounts of French and Indian ancestry. The Creole community also includes the country's ‘Metisse,’ or mixed-race communities, which consist of people with any admixture of the island's other groups. [18] Rodrigues and Chagossians are usually incorporated within the Creole ethnic group.
Along with the French European community, British expatriates or people of British descent make up roughly three percent of the population of Mauritius. [19] [20]
Sino-Mauritians from the Hakka and other Chinese sub-ethnic/linguistic groups make up around three percent of Mauritian society. [21]
While the government officially groups Mauritians into four ethnic groups – Hindus, Muslims, Chinese, and General Population – the general population includes all who do not practice Hinduism or Islam and are not Chinese by ethnicity. The general population is the Christian community, which includes Creoles, mixed-race people, white people, and those who have converted to Christianity.
Small groups of foreign students from Europe or the Indian Ocean region are also present. Recent years have seen a steady flow of foreign workers into the textile industry (primarily Chinese women), the construction industry (primarily Indian workers), and harbor-related activities (primarily Taiwanese men).
The main languages spoken in Mauritius are English, French, Mauritian Creole, and Bhojpuri. [22] There is no official language. English is the official language of the parliament, though French is also permitted. However, the lingua franca is Mauritian Creole, and the newspapers and television programs are usually in French. [23] The Mauritian currency features the Latin, Tamil and Devanagari scripts.
Mauritian Creole, which is spoken by 90 percent of the population, is considered to be the native language of the country and is used most often in informal settings. [22] It was developed in the 18th century by African slaves who used a pidgin language to communicate with each other and with their French masters, who did not understand the various African languages. The pidgin evolved with later generations to become a casual language. [24]
Mauritian Creole is a French-based creole.
In 2015, the population was estimated to be 48.5% Hindu, 27.2% Roman Catholic, 17.5% Muslim, 3.9% No religion and unspecified, 2.5% Protestantism, and 0.4% Other religions. [25]
More than 90% of the Sino-Mauritian community are Christian; the remainder are largely Buddhist. [21]
According to the United Nations, there were 28,713 international migrants in Mauritius in 2017.
Their most common countries of origin were as follows:
International migrants in Mauritius in 2017 | |
---|---|
India | 8,689 |
Bangladesh | 8,364 |
China | 2,964 |
Madagascar | 2,287 |
France | 1,511 |
Sri Lanka | 1,131 |
South Africa | 624 |
Great Britain | 456 |
Pakistan | 187 |
Italy | 146 |
Germany | 136 |
Seychelles | 124 |
Source: United Nations "Migrant Stock by Origin and Destination" (PDF). 2019. Retrieved 4 October 2019. |
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Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, about 2,000 kilometres off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of Madagascar. It includes the main island, as well as Rodrigues, Agaléga, and St. Brandon. The islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues, along with nearby Réunion, are part of the Mascarene Islands. The main island of Mauritius, where the population is concentrated, hosts the capital and largest city, Port Louis. The country spans 2,040 square kilometres (790 sq mi) and has an exclusive economic zone covering 2,300,000 square kilometres.
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Mauritius is a multi-ethnic, multilingual and a plural society with a population composed mainly of four major ethnic and religious groups. It is often depicted as a "rainbow nation".
Education in Mauritius is managed by the Ministry of Education & Human Resources, which controls the development and administration of state schools funded by government, but also has an advisory and supervisory role in respect of private schools. The Tertiary education is maintained by the Ministry of Tertiary Education, Science, Research and Technology. The government of Mauritius provides free education to its citizens from pre-primary to tertiary levels. Since July 2005, the government also introduced free transport for all students. Schooling is compulsory up to the age of 16. Mauritian students consistently rank top in the world each year for the Cambridge International O Level, International A and AS level examinations. Among sub-Saharan African countries, Mauritius has one of the highest literacy rates. The adult literacy rate was at 91.9% in 2022. According to the 2022 census, the proportion of people with higher education has increased to 8.8%. Mauritius was ranked 57th in the Global Innovation Index in 2023, 1st in Africa.
Indo-Mauritians are Mauritians who trace their ethnic ancestry to the Republic of India or other parts of the Indian subcontinent in South Asia.
Mauritians are nationals or natives of the Republic of Mauritius and their descendants. Mauritius is a melting pot of multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi-religious peoples. Mauritian is made up of blended groups of people who come mainly from South Asian, African, European, and Chinese descent, as well as those of a mixed background from any combination of the aforementioned ethnic groups. Creol-Mauritian is the blending of the different cultures; this is why it is complex to define Creol-Mauritian.
Mauritian Creoles are the people on the islands of Mauritius, Rodrigues, Agaléga and the Chagos Archipelago and in the wider overseas Mauritian diaspora who trace their roots to continental Africans who were brought to Mauritius under slavery from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. The majority of these enslaved people came from the region in and around modern day Mozambique and Madagascar. Creole peoples can be found on other islands in the Mascarene Islands and these groups all share cultural and linguistic connections with one another stemming from the common heritage of their African ancestors. It can also refer to and include Christian members of the country's mixed race community. In government records, creoles along with Franco-Mauritians form part of the broader group known as Population Générale.
The Constitution of the Republic of Mauritius does not mention any official language. The Constitution contains one statement in Article 49 that states that "the official language of the Assembly shall be English but any member may address the chair in French" which indicate that French and English are official languages of the National Assembly (parliament) only.