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Demographics of Ethiopia | |
---|---|
Population | 120,283,026 [1] [2] |
Density | 109.3 people per.sq.km |
Growth rate | 2.5% (2021) (22nd) |
Birth rate | 32.4 births/1,000 population (2021) |
Death rate | 6.8 deaths/1,000 population (2021) |
Life expectancy | 68.25 years (2022 est.) |
• male | 66.12 years (2022 est.) |
• female | 70.44 years (2022 est.) |
Fertility rate | 4.16 children born/woman (2021) |
Infant mortality rate | 34.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2021) |
Sex ratio | |
At birth | 1.03 male(s)/female (2013 est.) |
Under 15 | 1.00 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
15–64 years | 0.99 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
65 and over | 0.95 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
Nationality | |
Major ethnic | See Ethnic Groups of Ethiopia |
Language | |
Official | See Languages of Ethiopia |
The demographics of Ethiopia encompass the demographic features of inhabitants in Ethiopia, including ethnicity, languages, population density, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1 | 1,000,000 | — |
1500 | 6,000,000 | +0.12% |
1900 | 10,742,000 | +0.15% |
2000 | 63,000,000 | +1.78% |
2011 | 85,555,555 | +2.82% |
2012 | 84,320,987 | −1.44% |
2013 | 86,613,986 | +2.72% |
Source: Central Statistical Agency (CSA) [3]
Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world. [4] Its total population has grown from 38.1 million in 1983 to 109.5 million in 2018. [5] The population was only about nine million in the 19th century. [6] The 2007 Population and Housing Census results show that the population of Ethiopia grew at an average annual rate of 2.6% between 1994 and 2007, down from 2.8% during the period 1983–1994. As of 2015, the population growth rate is among the top ten countries in the world. [7] According to UN estimations, life expectancy in Ethiopia had improved over time, with male life expectancy reported to be 56 years and for women 60 years. [8]
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects [1] [2] , the total population was 120,283,026 in 2021, compared to 18,434,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 41.5%, 55.8% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.3% was 65 years or older. The average age was 25.1. [9]
Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 18 434 000 | 44.1 | 52.9 | 3 |
1955 | 20 298 000 | 43.9 | 53.3 | 2.8 |
1960 | 22 553 000 | 43.5 | 53.8 | 2.6 |
1965 | 25 480 000 | 43.5 | 53.9 | 2.6 |
1970 | 28 959 000 | 44.1 | 53.3 | 2.7 |
1975 | 32 959 000 | 44.5 | 52.7 | 2.8 |
1980 | 35 426 000 | 44.5 | 52.6 | 2.9 |
1985 | 41 078 000 | 44.6 | 52.6 | 2.9 |
1990 | 48 333 000 | 45.4 | 52.1 | 2.9 |
1995 | 57 042 000 | 45.9 | 51.2 | 2.9 |
2000 | 65 578 000 | 45.9 | 51.1 | 3.0 |
2005 | 74 264 000 | 44.5 | 52.4 | 3.1 |
2010 | 82 950 000 | 41.5 | 55.2 | 3.3 |
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 37 217 130 | 36 533 802 | 73 750 932 | 100 |
0–4 | 5 482 792 | 5 314 230 | 10 797 022 | 14.64 |
5–9 | 6 106 788 | 5 874 976 | 11 981 764 | 16.25 |
10–14 | 5 412 324 | 4 999 913 | 10 412 237 | 14.12 |
15–19 | 4 454 710 | 4 293 338 | 8 748 048 | 11.86 |
20–24 | 3 098 338 | 3 303 747 | 6 402 085 | 8.68 |
25–29 | 2 622 759 | 3 039 429 | 5 662 188 | 7.68 |
30–34 | 2 088 208 | 2 131 858 | 4 220 066 | 5.72 |
35–39 | 1 827 296 | 1 949 346 | 3 776 642 | 5.12 |
40–44 | 1 464 529 | 1 408 451 | 2 872 980 | 3.90 |
45–49 | 1 150 017 | 1 097 287 | 2 247 304 | 3.05 |
50–54 | 928 294 | 962 472 | 1 890 766 | 2.56 |
55–59 | 634 053 | 536 967 | 1 171 020 | 1.59 |
60–64 | 646 359 | 588 641 | 1 235 000 | 1.67 |
65–69 | 446 242 | 359 019 | 805 261 | 1.09 |
70–74 | 359 897 | 316 663 | 676 560 | 0.92 |
75–79 | 203 843 | 146 333 | 350 176 | 0.47 |
80–84 | 159 786 | 127 691 | 287 477 | 0.39 |
85–89 | 62 001 | 38 195 | 100 196 | 0.14 |
90–94 | 38 185 | 26 357 | 64 542 | 0.09 |
95+ | 30 709 | 18 889 | 49 598 | 0.07 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 17 001 904 | 16 189 119 | 33 191 023 | 45.00 |
15–64 | 18 914 563 | 19 311 536 | 38 226 099 | 51.83 |
65+ | 1 300 663 | 1 033 147 | 2 333 810 | 3.16 |
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 50 501 054 | 50 195 689 | 100 696 744 | 100 |
0–4 | 6 928 657 | 6 696 036 | 13 624 693 | 13.53 |
5–9 | 6 556 462 | 6 386 585 | 12 943 045 | 12.85 |
10–14 | 5 953 639 | 5 819 250 | 11 772 889 | 11.69 |
15–19 | 5 590 667 | 5 450 660 | 11 041 324 | 10.96 |
20–24 | 5 047 253 | 4 902 329 | 9 949 582 | 9.88 |
25–29 | 4 406 798 | 4 348 582 | 8 755 379 | 8.69 |
30–34 | 3 687 268 | 3 768 246 | 7 455 512 | 7.40 |
35–39 | 2 990 405 | 3 135 347 | 6 125 754 | 6.08 |
40–44 | 2 394 320 | 2 528 749 | 4 923 071 | 4.89 |
45–49 | 1 843 822 | 1 962 667 | 3 806 489 | 3.78 |
50–54 | 1 472 263 | 1 548 292 | 3 020 553 | 3.00 |
55–59 | 1 156 765 | 1 177 778 | 2 334 541 | 2.32 |
60–64 | 883 392 | 899 303 | 1 782 694 | 1.77 |
65–69 | 639 745 | 643 776 | 1 283 523 | 1.27 |
70–74 | 444 339 | 441 554 | 885 894 | 0.88 |
75–79 | 276 955 | 273 976 | 550 928 | 0.55 |
80+ | 228 308 | 212 565 | 440 871 | 0.44 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 19 438 758 | 18 901 871 | 38 340 629 | 38.08 |
15–64 | 29 472 949 | 29 721 947 | 59 194 896 | 58.79 |
65+ | 1 589 347 | 1 571 871 | 3 161 218 | 3.14 |
Below are the UN's medium variant projections: [12] [9]
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
2022 | 121,822,590 | — |
2025 | 131,322,576 | +2.53% |
2030 | 147,649,901 | +2.37% |
2035 | 164,079,192 | +2.13% |
2040 | 180,415,091 | +1.92% |
2045 | 196,839,709 | +1.76% |
2050 | 213,190,071 | +1.61% |
Registration of vital events in Ethiopia is incomplete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates: [12]
Year | Population (thousands) | Live births (thousands) | Deaths (thousands) | Natural change (thousands) | CBR | CDR | NC | TFR | IMR | Life expectancy (years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 17 710 | 875 | 494 | 381 | 49.4 | 27.9 | 21.5 | 7.35 | 199.4 | 36.35 |
1951 | 18 101 | 890 | 498 | 392 | 49.1 | 27.5 | 21.6 | 7.30 | 198.1 | 36.60 |
1952 | 18 497 | 899 | 502 | 397 | 48.6 | 27.1 | 21.5 | 7.20 | 195.4 | 36.82 |
1953 | 18 892 | 910 | 503 | 407 | 48.1 | 26.6 | 21.5 | 7.12 | 192.3 | 37.23 |
1954 | 19 292 | 921 | 505 | 416 | 47.7 | 26.2 | 21.5 | 7.05 | 189.1 | 37.54 |
1955 | 19 704 | 934 | 507 | 428 | 47.4 | 25.7 | 21.7 | 6.99 | 185.6 | 37.96 |
1956 | 20 128 | 951 | 509 | 442 | 47.2 | 25.3 | 21.9 | 6.95 | 181.9 | 38.34 |
1957 | 20 499 | 967 | 643 | 324 | 47.2 | 31.4 | 15.8 | 6.92 | 216.3 | 32.39 |
1958 | 20 817 | 985 | 636 | 349 | 47.3 | 30.5 | 16.8 | 6.90 | 211.8 | 32.94 |
1959 | 21 227 | 1 007 | 502 | 505 | 47.4 | 23.6 | 23.8 | 6.89 | 169.9 | 39.86 |
1960 | 21 740 | 1 032 | 508 | 524 | 47.5 | 23.3 | 24.1 | 6.88 | 165.8 | 40.33 |
1961 | 22 282 | 1 060 | 509 | 551 | 47.6 | 22.9 | 24.7 | 6.88 | 161.8 | 41.00 |
1962 | 22 852 | 1 090 | 516 | 574 | 47.7 | 22.6 | 25.1 | 6.88 | 158.0 | 41.40 |
1963 | 23 449 | 1 121 | 520 | 601 | 47.8 | 22.2 | 25.6 | 6.87 | 154.6 | 41.96 |
1964 | 24 074 | 1 157 | 529 | 628 | 48.0 | 22.0 | 26.1 | 6.87 | 151.6 | 42.28 |
1965 | 24 728 | 1 193 | 541 | 652 | 48.3 | 21.9 | 26.4 | 6.86 | 149.6 | 42.44 |
1966 | 25 378 | 1 230 | 607 | 622 | 48.5 | 23.9 | 24.5 | 6.87 | 160.6 | 40.15 |
1967 | 26 052 | 1 268 | 566 | 702 | 48.7 | 21.7 | 26.9 | 6.88 | 146.5 | 42.69 |
1968 | 26 779 | 1 308 | 580 | 728 | 48.8 | 21.7 | 27.2 | 6.90 | 146.2 | 42.84 |
1969 | 27 530 | 1 358 | 599 | 759 | 49.3 | 21.8 | 27.5 | 6.94 | 146.0 | 42.83 |
1970 | 28 308 | 1 399 | 618 | 781 | 49.4 | 21.8 | 27.6 | 6.98 | 145.7 | 42.82 |
1971 | 29 100 | 1 442 | 634 | 807 | 49.5 | 21.8 | 27.7 | 7.02 | 145.4 | 42.89 |
1972 | 29 891 | 1 481 | 687 | 794 | 49.5 | 23.0 | 26.6 | 7.06 | 152.0 | 41.55 |
1973 | 30 694 | 1 517 | 702 | 815 | 49.4 | 22.9 | 26.5 | 7.09 | 151.6 | 41.64 |
1974 | 31 489 | 1 561 | 783 | 778 | 49.6 | 24.9 | 24.7 | 7.12 | 163.2 | 39.45 |
1975 | 32 253 | 1 601 | 803 | 798 | 49.6 | 24.9 | 24.7 | 7.14 | 163.0 | 39.36 |
1976 | 33 062 | 1 644 | 744 | 900 | 49.7 | 22.5 | 27.2 | 7.19 | 147.9 | 41.90 |
1977 | 33 695 | 1 694 | 766 | 929 | 49.9 | 22.5 | 27.3 | 7.26 | 147.6 | 41.89 |
1978 | 34 259 | 1 712 | 774 | 937 | 49.8 | 22.5 | 27.3 | 7.30 | 147.1 | 41.90 |
1979 | 34 759 | 1 750 | 766 | 985 | 49.8 | 21.8 | 28.0 | 7.31 | 143.4 | 42.81 |
1980 | 34 945 | 1 764 | 761 | 1 004 | 49.8 | 21.5 | 28.3 | 7.33 | 141.9 | 43.22 |
1981 | 35 819 | 1 771 | 752 | 1 018 | 49.9 | 21.2 | 28.7 | 7.36 | 140.4 | 43.61 |
1982 | 37 213 | 1 858 | 782 | 1 076 | 50.0 | 21.0 | 28.9 | 7.37 | 138.6 | 43.77 |
1983 | 38 235 | 1 917 | 1 084 | 833 | 50.2 | 28.4 | 21.8 | 7.38 | 180.9 | 36.04 |
1984 | 39 203 | 1 985 | 1 088 | 897 | 50.7 | 27.8 | 22.9 | 7.40 | 177.5 | 36.43 |
1985 | 40 286 | 2 052 | 1 077 | 974 | 51.0 | 26.8 | 24.2 | 7.38 | 171.4 | 37.36 |
1986 | 41 455 | 2 111 | 1 090 | 1 021 | 51.0 | 26.4 | 24.7 | 7.36 | 167.9 | 37.81 |
1987 | 42 852 | 2 168 | 833 | 1 335 | 50.7 | 19.5 | 31.2 | 7.34 | 126.6 | 45.44 |
1988 | 44 512 | 2 230 | 877 | 1 353 | 50.3 | 19.8 | 30.5 | 7.30 | 125.1 | 45.06 |
1989 | 46 196 | 2 304 | 911 | 1 394 | 50.0 | 19.8 | 30.2 | 7.27 | 123.1 | 45.04 |
1990 | 47 878 | 2 389 | 957 | 1 432 | 50.1 | 20.1 | 30.0 | 7.24 | 122.0 | 44.56 |
1991 | 49 937 | 2 466 | 935 | 1 531 | 49.8 | 18.9 | 30.9 | 7.21 | 117.6 | 46.13 |
1992 | 52 012 | 2 548 | 950 | 1 598 | 49.1 | 18.3 | 30.8 | 7.16 | 114.3 | 46.90 |
1993 | 53 792 | 2 618 | 957 | 1 661 | 48.7 | 17.8 | 30.9 | 7.13 | 111.1 | 47.39 |
1994 | 55 620 | 2 677 | 964 | 1 714 | 48.2 | 17.3 | 30.8 | 7.08 | 107.7 | 47.86 |
1995 | 57 477 | 2 737 | 970 | 1 767 | 47.6 | 16.9 | 30.8 | 7.01 | 104.1 | 48.30 |
1996 | 59 348 | 2 811 | 968 | 1 843 | 47.4 | 16.3 | 31.1 | 6.92 | 100.5 | 48.92 |
1997 | 61 233 | 2 865 | 968 | 1 897 | 46.8 | 15.8 | 31.0 | 6.85 | 97.1 | 49.51 |
1998 | 63 136 | 2 895 | 973 | 1 921 | 45.8 | 15.4 | 30.4 | 6.75 | 93.7 | 49.93 |
1999 | 65 078 | 2 946 | 1 011 | 1 935 | 45.3 | 15.5 | 29.7 | 6.65 | 90.9 | 49.43 |
2000 | 67 032 | 2 984 | 990 | 1 995 | 44.5 | 14.8 | 29.7 | 6.56 | 87.2 | 50.54 |
2001 | 69 019 | 3 040 | 991 | 2 048 | 44.0 | 14.4 | 29.7 | 6.46 | 83.9 | 51.04 |
2002 | 71 073 | 3 085 | 992 | 2 092 | 43.4 | 14.0 | 29.4 | 6.37 | 80.3 | 51.52 |
2003 | 73 169 | 3 096 | 970 | 2 126 | 42.3 | 13.3 | 29.0 | 6.24 | 76.8 | 52.53 |
2004 | 75 301 | 3 138 | 960 | 2 178 | 41.7 | 12.7 | 28.9 | 6.11 | 73.1 | 53.24 |
2005 | 77 470 | 3 177 | 948 | 2 230 | 41.0 | 12.2 | 28.8 | 5.97 | 69.6 | 54.01 |
2006 | 79 691 | 3 207 | 920 | 2 287 | 40.2 | 11.5 | 28.7 | 5.85 | 66.3 | 55.15 |
2007 | 81 996 | 3 240 | 886 | 2 354 | 39.5 | 10.8 | 28.7 | 5.74 | 62.8 | 56.43 |
2008 | 84 357 | 3 245 | 856 | 2 389 | 38.5 | 10.1 | 28.3 | 5.57 | 59.8 | 57.59 |
2009 | 86 756 | 3 235 | 823 | 2 412 | 37.3 | 9.5 | 27.8 | 5.39 | 57.1 | 58.80 |
2010 | 89 238 | 3 259 | 803 | 2 456 | 36.5 | 9.0 | 27.5 | 5.22 | 54.4 | 59.73 |
2011 | 91 818 | 3 290 | 782 | 2 508 | 35.8 | 8.5 | 27.3 | 5.05 | 51.9 | 60.72 |
2012 | 94 451 | 3 289 | 766 | 2 523 | 34.8 | 8.1 | 26.7 | 4.88 | 49.6 | 61.54 |
2013 | 97 084 | 3 294 | 751 | 2 543 | 33.9 | 7.7 | 26.2 | 4.72 | 47.4 | 62.37 |
2014 | 99 747 | 3 346 | 748 | 2 598 | 33.6 | 7.5 | 26.1 | 4.61 | 45.2 | 62.91 |
2015 | 102 472 | 3 425 | 739 | 2 687 | 33.4 | 7.2 | 26.2 | 4.53 | 43.2 | 63.65 |
2016 | 105 293 | 3 507 | 729 | 2 777 | 33.3 | 6.9 | 26.4 | 4.47 | 41.4 | 64.39 |
2017 | 108 198 | 3 577 | 732 | 2 844 | 33.1 | 6.8 | 26.3 | 4.39 | 39.6 | 64.84 |
2018 | 111 129 | 3 668 | 730 | 2 937 | 33.0 | 6.6 | 26.4 | 4.34 | 38.0 | 65.41 |
2019 | 114 176 | 3 883 | 750 | 3 122 | 33.5 | 6.5 | 27.0 | 4.35 | 37.6 | 65.7 |
2020 | 117 298 | 3 961 | 761 | 3 239 | 33.3 | 6.4 | 27.2 | 4.27 | 36.3 | 66.0 |
2021 | 120 537 | 4 015 | 811 | 3 203 | 32.9 | 6.6 | 26.2 | 4.18 | 35.1 | 65.3 |
2022 | 123 740 | 4 064 | 767 | 3 288 | 32.4 | 6.1 | 26.2 | 4.08 | 34.0 | 66.9 |
2023 | 127 028 | 4 106 | 767 | 3 327 | 31.9 | 6.0 | 25.9 | 3.99 | 33.0 | 67.3 |
CBR = crude birth rate (per 1,000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1,000); NC = natural change (per 1,000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1,000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1,000 births
Source: UN World Population Prospects
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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
As per 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia [13]
Region | Urban TFR | Rural TFR | Total TFR (U+R) |
---|---|---|---|
Ethiopia (Country Total) | 2,220 | 4,650 | 4,160 |
Tigray Region | 2,915 | 4,905 | 4,440 |
Affar Region | 2,440 | 2,000 | 2,075 |
Amhara Region | 2,135 | 4,540 | 4,175 |
Oromia Region | 2,635 | 5,235 | 4,845 |
Somali Region | 2,175 | 1,985 | 2,010 |
Benishangul – Gumuz Region | 3,005 | 4,800 | 4,520 |
S.N.N.P Region | 2,750 | 4,715 | 4,495 |
Gambella Region | 2,725 | 2,930 | 2,885 |
Harari Region | 1,725 | 4,725 | 2,885 |
Addis Ababa City Administration | 1,485 | - | 1,485 |
Dira Dawa City Administration | 2,155 | 5,455 | 2,985 |
Region 17 | 3,210 | 2,585 | 2,845 |
Crude Birth Rate (CBR), Total Fertility Rate (TFR) and Wanted Fertility Rate (WFR): [14]
year | crude birth rate (CBR) | total fertility rate (TFR) | wanted fertility rate (WFR) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
total | urban | rural | total | urban | rural | total | urban | rural | |
2000 | 41.3 | 30.7 | 42.9 | 5.9 | 3.3 | 6.4 | 4.9 | 2.7 | 5.4 |
2005 | 35.7 | 23.4 | 37.3 | 5.4 | 2.4 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 1.8 | 4.5 |
2011 | 34.5 | 26.4 | 36.2 | 4.8 | 2.6 | 5.5 | 3.8 | ||
2016 | 31.8 | 23.9 | 33.2 | 4.6 | 2.3 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 4.0 |
2019 | 26.5 | 24.6 | 27.2 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 4.5 | |||
Fertility data as of 2016 (DHS Program): [15]
Region | Total fertility rate | Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant | Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49 |
---|---|---|---|
Tigray | 4.7 | 5.0 | 6.1 |
Afar | 5.5 | 9.5 | 6.5 |
Amhara | 3.7 | 5.9 | 6.2 |
Oromiya | 5.4 | 8.3 | 6.7 |
Somali | 7.2 | 12.9 | 7.4 |
Benishangul-Gumuz | 4.4 | 7.3 | 6.7 |
SNNPR | 4.4 | 8.0 | 6.9 |
Gambela | 3.5 | 5.9 | 4.9 |
Harari | 4.1 | 9.2 | 4.3 |
Addis Ababa | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
Dire Dawa | 3.1 | 5.5 | 5.2 |
Ethiopia's population is highly diverse, containing over 80 different ethnic groups, the four largest of which are the Oromo, Amhara, Somali and Tigrayans. According to the Ethiopian national census of 2007, the Oromo are the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia, at 34.4% of the nation's population. The Amhara represent 27.0% of the country's inhabitants, while Somalis and Tigrayans represent 6.2% and 6.1% of the population respectively. Other prominent ethnic groups are as follows: Sidama 4.0%, Gurage 2.5%, Welayta 2.3%, Afar 1.7%, Hadiya 1.7%, Gamo 1.5% and Others 12.6%. [16]
Afroasiatic-speaking communities make up the majority of the population. Among these, Semitic speakers often collectively refer to themselves as the Habesha people. The Arabic form of this term (al-Ḥabasha) is the etymological basis of "Abyssinia", the former name of Ethiopia in English and other European languages. [17] Additionally, Nilo-Saharan-speaking ethnic minorities inhabit the southern regions of the country, particularly in areas of the Gambela Region which borders South Sudan. The largest ethnic groups among these include the Nuer and Anuak. [18] The Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, being an amalgam of the main homelands of numerous ethnicities, contains over 56 indigenous ethnic groups. [19]
According to the bibliographic database Glottolog, there are 109 languages spoken in Ethiopia; meanwhile, Ethnologue lists 90 individual languages spoken in the country. [20] [21] Most people in the country speak Afroasiatic languages of the Cushitic or Semitic branches, including the Oromo language, Somali, Amharic, and Tigrinya. Together, these four groups make up about three-quarters of Ethiopia's population. Other Afroasiatic languages with a significant number of speakers include the Cushitic Sidamo, Afar, Hadiyya and Agaw languages, as well as the Semitic Gurage languages, Harari, Silt'e, and Argobba languages. Arabic, which also belongs to the Afroasiatic family, is likewise spoken in some areas. [22]
The principal Semitic language of the north-west and centre of the country is Amharic, which is the language of the Amhara Region. Moreover, Amharic is also one of the official working languages of Ethiopia. [23] [24]
Oromo serves as one of the official working languages of Ethiopia [23] [24] and is also the working language of several of the states within the Ethiopian federal system including Oromia, [25] Harar and Dire Dawa regional states and of the Oromia Zone in the Amhara Region.
Various religions are adhered to in Ethiopia. Most Christians live in the highlands, whereas Muslims mainly inhabit the lowlands. Adherents of traditional faiths are primarily concentrated in the southern regions.
According to the Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (2007 census), the national religious composition is Ethiopian Orthodox 43.5%, Protestantism 18.6%, Roman Catholicism 0.7%, Islam 33.9%, traditional 2.6%, and others 0.6%. [27]
Demographic features of the population of Cambodia include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Demographic features of Djibouti include population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
The Demographics of Kenya is monitored by the Kenyan National Bureau of Statistics. Kenya is a multi-ethnic state in East Africa. Its total population was at 47,558,296 as of the 2019 census.
Amharas are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group indigenous to Ethiopia in the Horn of Africa, traditionally inhabiting parts of the northwest Highlands of Ethiopia, particularly inhabiting the Amhara Region. According to the 2007 national census, Amharas numbered 19,867,817 individuals, comprising 26.9% of Ethiopia's population, and they are mostly Oriental Orthodox Christian.
Oromia is a regional state in Ethiopia and the homeland of the Oromo people. Under Article 49 of Ethiopian Constitution, the capital of Oromia is Addis Ababa, also called Finfinne. The provision of the article maintains special interest of Oromia by utilizing social services and natural resources of Addis Ababa.
The Gambela Region ; Amharic: ጋምቤላ), officially the Gambela Peoples' Region, is a regional state in western Ethiopia, bordering South Sudan. Previously known as Region 12, its capital is Gambela located in Nuer zone. The Region is situated between the Baro and Akobo Rivers, with its western part including the Openo River. Covering an area of approximately 29,783 square kilometers, Gambela is one of Ethiopia's smaller regions and one of its least populous, with 525,000 inhabitants. It is home to a diverse population, including the Anuak the refugee s, Nuer, and other indigenous groups called Majang Komo and Opo. The region's economy is largely based on agriculture, with significant contributions from fishing and cross-border trade. The landscape is characterized by lowland plains, wetlands, and a tropical climate, making it distinct from the highland areas that dominate much of Ethiopia.
The Harari Region, officially the Harari People's National Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia, covering the homeland of the Harari people. Formerly named Region 13, its capital is Harar, and the region covers the city and its immediate surroundings. Harari Region is the smallest regional state in Ethiopia in both land area and population. Harari and Oromo are the two official languages of the region. The region was created by splitting the Hundane woreda from East Hararghe Zone. As a result, Harari Region is enclaved by Oromia.
The culture of Ethiopia is diverse and generally structured along ethnolinguistic lines. The country's Afro-Asiatic-speaking majority adhere to an amalgamation of traditions that were developed independently and through interaction with neighboring and far away civilizations, including other parts of Northeast Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, India, and Italy. By contrast, the nation's Nilotic communities and other ethnolinguistic minorities tend to practice customs more closely linked with South Sudan or the African Great Lakes region.
Habesha peoples is an ethnic or pan-ethnic identifier that has been historically employed to refer to Semitic-speaking and predominantly Oriental Orthodox Christian peoples found in the highlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea between Asmara and Addis Ababa and this usage remains common today. The term is also used in varying degrees of inclusion and exclusion of other groups.
The Sidama are an ethnic group traditionally inhabiting the Sidama Region, formerly part of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. On 23 November 2019, the Sidama Zone became the 10th regional state in Ethiopia after a zone-wide referendum. They speak the Sidama language, which is a language of the Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic language family. Despite their large numbers, the Sidama lacked a separate ethnic regional state until continuous protests resulted in the proposal being voted on in a November 2019 referendum.
The languages of Ethiopia include the official languages of Ethiopia, its national and regional languages, and a large number of minority languages, as well as foreign languages.
The Oromia Zone is a zone in Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Oromia is named for the Oromo people, who settled along the edge of the Ethiopian Highlands that form this Zone. Oromia Zone is bordered on the southwest by North Shewa Zone, on the northwest by South Wollo and Argobba special woreda, and on the east by the Afar Region. The Zone consists of 7 Woredas which are Artuma Fursi, Bati, Bati Town, Dewa Cheffa, Dewa Harewa, Jilye Tumuga and Kemisie town. Kemise is the administrative center of the Zone.
West Shewa Zone is a zone in Oromia Region of Ethiopia. This zone takes its name from the kingdom or former province of Shewa. West Shewa is bordered on the south by the Southwest Shewa Zone and the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, on the southwest by Jimma, on the west by East Welega Zone, on the northwest by Horo Gudru Welega Zone, on the north by the Amhara Region, on the northeast by North Shewa, and on the east by Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Addis Abeba. Its highest point is Mount Wenchi ; other notable peaks include Mount Mengesha and Mount Wechacha. Towns and cities in West Shewa include Ambo.
North Shewa is a zone in Oromia Region of Ethiopia. North Shewa takes its name from the kingdom of Shewa or former province of Shewa. North Shewa is bordered on the south by Addis Ababa on the southwest by West Shewa, on the north by the Amhara Region, and on the southeast by East Shewa. Town include Ali Doro, Fiche and Gerba Guracha, Sheno.
Ethiopians are the native inhabitants of Ethiopia, as well as the global diaspora of Ethiopia. Ethiopians constitute several component ethnic groups, many of which are closely related to ethnic groups in neighboring Eritrea and other parts of the Horn of Africa.
Gambela Zuria was a woreda in the Gambela Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Anuak Zone, Gambela Zuria is bordered on the south by Abobo, on the west by Itang special woreda, and on the north and east by the Oromia Region. Gambela, which is the capital of the Region, is surrounded by this woreda.
The Awi people are an ethnic group in Ethiopia and are one of the Agaw peoples. The Awi live in Agew Awi Zone west of Mirab Gojjam and have a few communities in the Metekel Zone of the Benishangul-Gumuz Region.
The Argobba are an ethnic group inhabiting Ethiopia. A Muslim community, they spread out through isolated village networks and towns in the north-eastern and eastern parts of the country. Group members have typically been astute traders and merchants, and have adjusted to the economic trends in their area. These factors have led to a decline in usage of the Argobba language. Argobba are considered endangered today due to exogamy and destitution as well as ethnic cleansing by the Abyssinian state over the centuries.
Ethiopian nationalism, also referred to as Ethiopianism or Ethiopianness, according to its proponents, asserts that Ethiopians are a single nation, and promotes the social equality of all component ethnic groups. Ethiopian people as a whole regardless of ethnicity constitute sovereignty as one polity. Ethiopian nationalism is a type of civic nationalism in that it is multi-ethnic in nature, and promotes multiculturalism.
landlocked – entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993; Ethiopia is, therefore, the most populous landlocked country in the world
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