Demographics of Equatorial Guinea

Last updated

Demographics of Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea single age population pyramid 2020.png
Population pyramid of the Equatorial Guinea in 2020
Population1,679,172 (2022 est.)
Growth rate3.5% (2022 est.)
Birth rate29.95 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate8.95 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy63.7 years
  male61.44 years
  female66.03 years
Fertility rate4.26 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate78.33 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate13.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years38.73%
65 and over3.92%
Sex ratio
Total1.15 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth1.03 male(s)/female
Under 151.08 male(s)/female
65 and over0.87 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityEquatorial Guinean
Major ethnicFang (85.7%)
Language
OfficialSpanish
Evolution of the Equatoguinean population between 1960 and 2017. Population data in hundreds of thousands of inhabitants. Equatorial Guinea population.svg
Evolution of the Equatoguinean population between 1960 and 2017. Population data in hundreds of thousands of inhabitants.

Demographic features of the population of Equatorial Guinea include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Contents

Population

Population, fertility rate and net reproduction rate, United Nations estimates Equatorial Guinea Population 1950-2021 Forecast 2022-2032 UN World Population Prospects 2022.svg
Population, fertility rate and net reproduction rate, United Nations estimates

According to the 2022 revision of the world factbook the total population was 1,679,172 in 2022. [1] The proportion of children below the age of 14 in 2020 was 38.73%, 57.35% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.92% was 65 years or older. [1] [2]

Total population [1] Population aged 0–14 (%)Population aged 15–64 (%)Population aged 65+ (%)
1950226 00034.260.15.6
1955238 00035.759.05.3
1960252 00037.057.95.0
1965269 00038.356.94.8
1970291 00038.756.74.6
1975238 00044.849.85.4
1980221 00043.750.36.0
1985313 00034.760.44.9
1990374 00037.757.84.5
1995443 00041.954.14.1
2000520 00042.653.83.7
2005608 00040.556.23.2
2010700 00039.257.92.9
2020836 17838.757.43.9

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Estimates or projections based on the 2015 population census.): [3]

Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total762 309692 4801 454 789100
0–4105 83494 783200 61713.79
5–995 29387 387182 68012.56
10–1480 32467 341147 66510.15
15–1963 88056 442120 3218.27
20–2455 86855 468111 3377.65
25–2969 46757 220126 6878.71
30–3462 19345 737107 9307.42
35–3951 02037 07688 0966.06
40–4445 96034 44980 4095.53
45–4934 78631 33566 1214.55
50–5432 36231 23763 5994.37
55–5919 60722 57742 1832.90
60–6415 81221 21437 0262.55
65–6910 96313 04024 0031.65
70–747 75813 04020 7981.43
75–795 98710 12116 1081.11
80–842 8047 20110 0050.69
85+2 3936 8129 2050.63
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–14281 451249 511530 96236.50
15–64450 953392 755843 70858.00
65+29 90550 21480 1195.51

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Equatorial Guinea not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [2]

PeriodLive births per yearDeaths per yearNatural change per yearCBR*CDR*NC*TFR*IMR*
1950–19559 0007 0002 00040.930.410.55.50196
1955–196010 0007 0003 00040.528.711.85.50186
1960–196510 0007 0003 00040.126.913.35.53176
1965–197011 0007 0004 00040.725.315.35.66167
1970–197510 0006 0003 00036.823.713.15.68157
1975–19808 0005 0002 00032.922.210.85.68149
1980–198511 0006 0005 00041.721.420.35.79138
1985–199016 0007 0009 00047.420.426.95.89128
1990–199518 0008 00011 00045.018.726.35.89118
1995–200020 0008 00012 00041.317.224.05.87114
2000–200522 0009 00012 00038.416.322.15.64111
2005–201024 00010 00015 00037.315.122.25.36102
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Fertility and births

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): [4]

YearTotalUrbanRural
CBRTFRCBRTFRCBRTFR
201136.35.1 (4.4)36.54.4 (3.8)36.05.9 (5.1)

Fertility data as of 2011 (DHS Program): [4]

RegionTotal fertility ratePercentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnantMean number of children ever born to women age 40–49
Insular4.38.45.0
Continental5.49.26.0

Life expectancy

PeriodLife expectancy in
Years [5]
1950–195534.48
1955–1960Increase2.svg 35.99
1960–1965Increase2.svg 37.49
1965–1970Increase2.svg 38.99
1970–1975Increase2.svg 40.50
1975–1980Increase2.svg 42.04
1980–1985Increase2.svg 45.54
1985–1990Increase2.svg 47.21
1990–1995Increase2.svg 49.35
1995–2000Increase2.svg 51.75
2000–2005Increase2.svg 53.57
2005–2010Increase2.svg 54.93
2010–2015Increase2.svg 56.84

Ethnic groups

Ethnic groups in Equatorial Guinea [6]
Fang
85.7%
Bubi
6.5%
Ndowe (Playeros)
3.6%
Annobonese
1.6%
Other
1.4%
Bujeba
1.1%
Map of ethnic groups. 1. Fernandino (Malabo city and Luba)
2. Bubi (Bioko Island)
3. Igbo (far northwest)
4. Baka (Acot area)
5. Kwasio/Bujeba (Playeros)
6. Benga (Playeros)
7. Gabonese (Cocobeach City)
8. Annobonese (mixed Portuguese, Angolan, Spanish)
9. Annobonese Creoles (Annobon Island)
10. Fang Equatorial Guinea's ethnic groups.png
Map of ethnic groups. 1. Fernandino (Malabo city and Luba)
2. Bubi (Bioko Island)
3. Igbo (far northwest)
4. Baka (Acot area)
5. Kwasio/Bujeba (Playeros)
6. Benga (Playeros)
7. Gabonese (Cocobeach City)
8. Annobonese (mixed Portuguese, Angolan, Spanish)
9. Annobonese Creoles (Annobon Island)
10. Fang

Peoples considered as natives

The majority of the people of Equatorial Guinea are of Niger-Congo origin. The largest ethnic group, the Fang, are indigenous to the mainland, but substantial migration to Bioko Island has resulted in Fang dominance over the earlier Bubi inhabitants. The Fang constitute 80% of the population and are themselves divided into 67 clans. Those in the northern part of Rio Muni speak Fang-Ntumu, while those in the south speak Fang-Okah; the two dialects are mutually unintelligible. The Bubi, who constitute 15% of the population, are indigenous to Bioko Island.

In addition, there are coastal ethnic groups, collectively referred to as Ndowe or Playeros ("Beach People" in Spanish): Combes, Bujebas, Balengues and Bengas on the mainland and small islands and a Fernandino community of Krio descended people on Bioko. Together, these groups compose 5% of the population.

Two small groups of Pygmies also inhabit the country, the Beyele and the Bokuign, [7] the former being located in the Altos de Nsork region. [8] Their population is dwindling, them being subjected to heavy pressure from their neighbours, who don't even consider them as human. [9]

8,800 black and white mixed race people, named Fernandino peoples, also live in Equatorial Guinea. [10] The Asian Africans, the Fernandino peoples and the White Africans represent 10% of the total population of Equatorial Guinea.

Recently immigrated peoples

Some Europeans (largely of Spanish or Portuguese descent) – among them mixed with African ethnicity – also live in the nation. Most Spaniards left after independence. There is a growing number of foreigners from neighboring Cameroon, Nigeria, and Gabon. Equatorial Guinea received Asians and black Africans from other countries as workers on cocoa and coffee plantations. In the late 20th century, Equatorial Guinea became home to more than 80,000 Hispanics from Mexico, Central America, and other Spanish speaking nations in the Americas. 17,000 [11] Spanish people and 5,000 [12] Chinese people also live in Equatorial Guinea. The non-Africans living in Equatorial Guinea represent almost 10% of the nation's total population. Other black Africans came from Liberia, Angola, and Mozambique, and Asians are mostly Chinese with small numbers of Indians. Equatorial Guinea also allowed many fortune-seeking European settlers of other nationalities, including British, French and Germans. After independence, thousands of Equatorial Guineans went to Spain. Another 100,000 Equatorial Guineans went to Cameroon, Gabon, and Nigeria because of dictatorship of Francisco Macías Nguema. Some of its communities also live in Brazil, United States, Spain, Colombia, Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Portugal, and France.

Languages

Spanish, French and Portuguese are the official languages and spoken as second languages. Spanish is the language of education, and for this reason a majority of the population (about 88%) can speak it. [13] Annobonese speak a Portuguese Creole, named Annobonese, as their first language. Asian migrants and descendants of European settlers (mostly Spaniards, Britons and Portuguese) usually speak their ancestral languages along with Spanish. Other Africans usually speak their native languages and their nation's official languages – English and Igbo [14] [15] for Nigerians; English for Cameroonians and Liberians; French for Cameroonians and Gabonese; and Portuguese for Angolans and Mozambicans. The latter was made an official language since July 13, 2007. 82% of first foreign language learners choose the French language and 18% the English language. [16] The Roman Catholic Church has greatly influenced both religion and education.

Languages of traditional names

Equatoguineans tend to have both a Spanish first name and an African first and last name. When written, the Spanish and African first names are followed by the father's first name (which becomes the principal surname) and the mother's first name. Thus people may have up to four names, with a different surname for each generation.

Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022. [17]

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook. [18]

Population

1,679,173 (2022 est.)
836,178 (July 2020 est.)
note: 2002 census results claim 1,015,000 residents, although this was most likely inflated in anticipation for the December election. [19]

Languages

Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Portuguese-based Creoles spoken in Ano Bom) 32.4% (1994 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)
Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2010 est.) [20]

Age structure

Population pyramid of Equatorial Guinea in 2020 Equatorial Guinea single age population pyramid 2020.png
Population pyramid of Equatorial Guinea in 2020
0-14 years: 38.73% (male 164,417 /female 159,400)
15-24 years: 19.94% (male 84,820 /female 81,880)
25-54 years: 32.72% (male 137,632 /female 135,973)
55-64 years: 4.69% (male 17,252 /female 22,006)
65 years and over: 3.92% (male 13,464 /female 19,334) (2020 est.)

Population growth rate

3.5% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 5th
2.35% (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 29th

Birth rate

29.95 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 30th
30.7 births/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 31st

Death rate

8.95 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 62nd
7.3 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 112th

Total fertility rate

4.19 children born/woman (2023 est.) Country comparison to the world: 20th
4.26 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 24th
4.11 children born/woman (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 29th

Median age

total: 20.3 years. Country comparison to the world: 192nd
male: 19.9 years
female: 20.7 years (2020 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

12.6% (2011)

Net migration rate

13.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 81st

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 72.16 (2022 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 60.5 (2020 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 3.9 (2020 est.)
potential support ratio: 25.5 (2020 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 74% of total population (2022)
rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
urban population: 73.1% of total population (2020)
rate of urbanization: 4.28% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.)

Sex ratio


at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15–64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 63.7 years. Country comparison to the world: 206th
male: 61.44 years
female: 66.03 years (2022 est.)
total population: 65.7 years (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 192nd
male: 64.4 years (2020 est.)
female: 66.9 years (2020 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

total population: 95.3% (2015 est.)
male: 97.4% (2015 est.)
female: 93% (2015 est.)

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: very high (2020)
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
animal contact diseases: rabies

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Angola</span>

Demographic features of the population of Angola include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Cameroon</span>

The demographic profile of Cameroon is complex for a country of its population. Cameroon comprises an estimated 250 distinct ethnic groups, which may be formed into five large regional-cultural divisions:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Cape Verde</span>

Demographic features of the population of Cape Verde include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Djibouti</span>

Demographic features of Djibouti include population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Equatorial Guinea</span> Country in Central Africa

Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country on the west coast of Central Africa, with an area of 28,000 square kilometres (11,000 sq mi). Formerly the colony of Spanish Guinea, its post-independence name refers to its location near both the Equator and in the African region of Guinea. As of 2024, the country had a population of 1,795,834, over 85% of whom are members of the Fang people, the country's dominant ethnic group. The Bubi people, indigenous to Bioko, are the second largest group at approximately 6.5% of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Ethiopia</span>

The demographics of Ethiopia encompass the demographic features of inhabitants in Ethiopia, including ethnicity, languages, population density, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Gabon</span>

The Demographics of Gabon is the makeup of the population of Gabon. As of 2020, Gabon has a population of 2,225,287. Gabon's population is relatively young with 35.5% of its population under 15 years of age and only 4.3% of its population over 65 years old. Gabon has a nearly even split between males and females with 0.99 males for every female in the population. In the age range of 15–65, the ratio is exactly 1 male to 1 female. The life expectancy of Gabon is lower than the world average. Gabon's population's life expectancy at birth is 53.11 years while the world average is 67.2 years as of 2010. Ethnically, the biggest group in Gabon are the Fang people with over 500,000 people, or about a third of Gabon's population, belonging to this ethnic group. The biggest religion in Gabon is Christianity, with between 55–75% of the population of Gabon being Christian.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Guinea</span>

Demographics of Guinea describes the condition and overview of Guinea's peoples. Demographic topics include basic education, health, and population statistics as well as identified racial and religious affiliations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Guinea-Bissau</span>

This is a demography of the population of Guinea-Bissau including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Mali</span>

Demographic features of the population of Mali include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Mozambique</span>

The demographics of Mozambique describes the condition and overview of Mozambique's peoples. Demographic topics include basic education, health, and population statistics as well as identified racial and religious affiliations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Namibia</span>

This is a demography of the population of Namibia including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of São Tomé and Príncipe</span>

Demographic features of the population of São Tomé and Príncipe include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Seychelles</span>

Demographic features of the population of Seychelles include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malabo</span> Capital of Equatorial Guinea

Malabo is the capital of Equatorial Guinea and the province of Bioko Norte. It is located on the north coast of the island of Bioko. In 2018, the city had a population of approximately 297,000 inhabitants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Music of Equatorial Guinea</span>

Equatorial Guinea's culture has been less documented than most African countries, and commercial recordings remain scarce.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bubi people</span> Bantu ethnic group of Equatorial Guinea

The Bubi people are a Bantu ethnic group of Central Africa who are indigenous to Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Once the majority group in the region, the population experienced a sharp decline due to war and disease during Portuguese expeditions. By the end of Spanish colonial rule in the mid 20th century, and after substantial intermarriage with newly introduced populations, such as Afro-Cubans, Krio people, Portuguese people and Spaniards, the Bubi people, again, experienced a great decline in number. Seventy-five percent perished due to tribal/clan rooted political genocide during a civil war that led to Spanish Guinea's independence from Spain. This, too, sparked mass exodus from their homeland with most of the exiles and refugees immigrating into Spain. The indigenous Bubi of Bioko Island have since co-existed with non-indigenous Krio Fernandinos; and members of the Fang ethnic group, who have immigrated in large numbers from Río Muni. Once numbering approximately 3 million, the Bubi currently number around 100,000 worldwide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spanish Guinea</span> Former Spanish colony in West Africa

Spanish Guinea was a set of insular and continental territories controlled by Spain from 1778 in the Gulf of Guinea and on the Bight of Bonny, in Central Africa. It gained independence in 1968 as Equatorial Guinea.

The Fernandino people are creoles, multi-ethnic or multi-racial populations who developed in Equatorial Guinea. Their name is derived from the island of Fernando Pó, where many worked. This island was named for the Portuguese explorer Fernão do Pó, credited with discovering the region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bioko</span> Northern island of Equatorial Guinea, Central Africa

Bioko is an island of Equatorial Guinea. It is located 32 km (20 mi) south of the coast of Cameroon, and 160 km (99 mi) northwest of the northernmost part of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Malabo, on the north coast of the island, is the capital city of Equatorial Guinea. Its population was 335,048 at the 2015 census and it covers an area of 2,017 km2 (779 sq mi). The island is part of the Cameroon line of volcanoes and is located off the Cameroon coast, in the Bight of Biafra portion of the Gulf of Guinea. Its geology is volcanic; its highest peak is Pico Basile at 3,012 m (9,882 ft).

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Equatorial Guinea". 14 April 2022.
  2. 1 2 "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision". Esa.un.org. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  3. "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
  4. 1 2 "Encuesta Demográfi ca y de Salud (EDSGE-I) 2011" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  5. "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  6. "Africa :: EQUATORIAL GUINEA". CIA The World Factbook. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  7. "Guinea Ecuatorial". Archived from the original on 2011-09-14. Retrieved 2011-09-20.
  8. Monte Alén-Monts de Cristal Landscape: Ethnic groups Archived 2016-02-02 at the Wayback Machine . In: Observatoire des Fôrets de l'Afrique Centrale (2006). The Forests of the Congo Basin. The State of the Forest 2006, p. 117.
  9. "La página solicitada no existe – Foros". Foroguineoecuatorian.mforos.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  10. "PeopleGroups.org - Fernandino".
  11. "Equatorial Guinea | Culture, History, & People". 11 March 2024.
  12. "China's New Oil Supplier". June 2008.
  13. Gloria Nistal Rosique: El caso del español en Guinea Ecuatorial (in Spanish)
  14. "World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Equatorial Guinea : Overview". UNHCR. 20 May 2008. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  15. Dickovick, James Tyler (2012). Africa 2012 . Stryker Post. p.  180. ISBN   978-1-61048-882-2 . Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  16. "Rapport OIF 2014". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-27.
  17. "Equatorial Guinea Population 2022", World Population Review
  18. "The World FactBook – Equatorial Guinea", The World Factbook , 2022PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  19. "Equatorial Guinea". State.gov. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  20. "PEW Research Center: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country 2010". 19 December 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2015.

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2024 ed.). CIA.  (Archived 2006 edition.)