Demographics of Namibia | |
---|---|
Population | 2,727,409 (2022 est.) |
Growth rate | 1.82% (2022 est.) |
Birth rate | 25.01 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
Death rate | 6.85 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
Life expectancy | 66.47 years |
• male | 64.46 years |
• female | 68.53 years |
Fertility rate | 2.98 children born/woman (2022 est.) |
Infant mortality rate | 29.42 deaths/1,000 live births |
Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 35.68% |
65 and over | 3.9% |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Namibian |
This is a demography of the population of Namibia including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1921 | 228,916 | — |
1936 | 320,457 | +2.27% |
1946 | 362,464 | +1.24% |
1951 | 439,081 | +3.91% |
1970 | 761,010 | +2.94% |
1981 | 1,033,196 | +2.82% |
1991 | 1,409,915 | +3.16% |
2001 | 1,830,330 | +2.64% |
2011 | 2,113,077 | +1.45% |
2023 | 3,022,401 | +3.03% |
As required by the Namibian Statistics Act #66 of 1976, and in accordance with United Nations recommendations, a census is conducted every ten years. After Namibian independence the first Population and Housing Census was carried out in 1991, further rounds followed in 2001 and 2011. [1] The data collection method is to count every person resident in Namibia wherever they happen to be. This is called the de facto method. [2] For enumeration purposes the country is demarcated into 4,042 enumeration areas. These areas overlap with constituency boundaries in order to get reliable data for election purposes as well. [3]
The 2011 Population and Housing Census counted 2,113,077 inhabitants of Namibia. Between 2001 and 2011 the annual population growth was 1.4%, down from 2.6% in the previous ten–year period. [4]
In 2011 the total fertility rate was 3.6 children per woman, down from 4.1 in 2001.
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects [5] [6] the total population was 2,530,151 in 2021, compared to only 485 000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 36.4%, 59.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.7% was 65 years or older . [7]
Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 485 000 | 38.8 | 57.1 | 4.1 |
1955 | 538 000 | 40.5 | 55.6 | 4.0 |
1960 | 603 000 | 41.6 | 54.7 | 3.7 |
1965 | 683 000 | 42.5 | 53.9 | 3.6 |
1970 | 780 000 | 43.1 | 53.3 | 3.6 |
1975 | 906 000 | 44.3 | 52.2 | 3.5 |
1980 | 1 013 000 | 46.6 | 49.9 | 3.5 |
1985 | 1 150 000 | 47.0 | 49.5 | 3.5 |
1990 | 1 415 000 | 43.7 | 53 | 3.4 |
1995 | 1 651 000 | 42 | 54.6 | 3.4 |
2000 | 1 896 000 | 40.3 | 56.3 | 3.4 |
2005 | 2 080 000 | 38.9 | 57.6 | 3.4 |
2010 | 2 283 000 | 36.4 | 59.9 | 3.7 |
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Based on the results of the 2011 Population Census.): [8]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 1 217 976 | 1 286 522 | 2 504 498 | 100 |
0–4 | 168 415 | 164 699 | 333 114 | 13.30 |
5–9 | 157 646 | 154 774 | 312 420 | 12.47 |
10–14 | 137 092 | 135 235 | 272 327 | 10.87 |
15–19 | 118 166 | 117 873 | 236 039 | 9.42 |
20–24 | 118 207 | 121 535 | 239 742 | 9.57 |
25–29 | 110 095 | 115 411 | 225 506 | 9.00 |
30–34 | 94 967 | 99 744 | 194 711 | 7.77 |
35–39 | 74 591 | 80 644 | 155 235 | 6.20 |
40–44 | 61 719 | 67 206 | 128 925 | 5.15 |
45–49 | 49 370 | 56 034 | 105 404 | 4.21 |
50–54 | 37 319 | 44 620 | 81 939 | 3.27 |
55–59 | 28 792 | 37 243 | 66 035 | 2.64 |
60–64 | 20 002 | 28 448 | 48 450 | 1.93 |
65–69 | 15 303 | 21 162 | 36 465 | 1.46 |
70–74 | 11 841 | 16 460 | 28 301 | 1.13 |
75–79 | 6 904 | 11 064 | 17 968 | 0.72 |
80+ | 7 547 | 14 370 | 21 917 | 0.88 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 463 153 | 454 708 | 917 861 | 36.65 |
15–64 | 713 228 | 768 758 | 1 481 986 | 59.17 |
65+ | 41 595 | 63 056 | 104 651 | 4.18 |
Registration of vital events in Namibia is not complete. The website Our World in Data prepared the following estimates based on statistics from the Population Department of the United Nations. [9]
Mid-year population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate (TFR) | Infant mortality (per 1000 live births) | Life expectancy (in years) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 515 000 | 22 000 | 12 000 | 10 000 | 42.0 | 22.5 | 19.5 | 5.75 | 141.7 | 41.5 |
1951 | 521 000 | 22 000 | 12 000 | 10 000 | 42.0 | 22.4 | 19.6 | 5.79 | 140.3 | 41.8 |
1952 | 527 000 | 22 000 | 12 000 | 11 000 | 42.0 | 22.0 | 20.0 | 5.83 | 137.6 | 42.4 |
1953 | 534 000 | 22 000 | 12 000 | 11 000 | 42.0 | 21.6 | 20.4 | 5.89 | 134.7 | 43.0 |
1954 | 540 000 | 23 000 | 11 000 | 11 000 | 41.9 | 21.1 | 20.8 | 5.93 | 131.8 | 43.7 |
1955 | 547 000 | 23 000 | 11 000 | 12 000 | 41.7 | 20.7 | 21.1 | 5.97 | 128.8 | 44.3 |
1956 | 555 000 | 23 000 | 11 000 | 12 000 | 41.6 | 20.2 | 21.4 | 6.01 | 125.7 | 44.9 |
1957 | 562 000 | 23 000 | 11 000 | 12 000 | 41.6 | 19.7 | 21.8 | 6.05 | 122.6 | 45.6 |
1958 | 571 000 | 24 000 | 11 000 | 13 000 | 41.6 | 19.2 | 22.3 | 6.10 | 119.4 | 46.3 |
1959 | 580 000 | 24 000 | 11 000 | 13 000 | 41.6 | 18.8 | 22.8 | 6.14 | 116.1 | 46.9 |
1960 | 590 000 | 25 000 | 11 000 | 14 000 | 41.8 | 18.2 | 23.5 | 6.21 | 112.9 | 47.7 |
1961 | 601 000 | 25 000 | 11 000 | 15 000 | 42.0 | 17.8 | 24.2 | 6.27 | 109.7 | 48.4 |
1962 | 614 000 | 26 000 | 11 000 | 15 000 | 42.3 | 17.3 | 25.0 | 6.34 | 106.6 | 49.1 |
1963 | 627 000 | 27 000 | 11 000 | 16 000 | 42.6 | 16.9 | 25.7 | 6.40 | 103.5 | 49.7 |
1964 | 642 000 | 28 000 | 11 000 | 17 000 | 42.8 | 16.4 | 26.3 | 6.43 | 100.6 | 50.4 |
1965 | 658 000 | 28 000 | 11 000 | 18 000 | 43.0 | 16.0 | 26.9 | 6.46 | 97.8 | 51.0 |
1966 | 675 000 | 29 000 | 11 000 | 18 000 | 43.1 | 15.7 | 27.4 | 6.49 | 95.1 | 51.4 |
1967 | 693 000 | 30 000 | 11 000 | 19 000 | 43.3 | 15.4 | 27.9 | 6.51 | 92.5 | 52.0 |
1968 | 712 000 | 31 000 | 11 000 | 20 000 | 43.5 | 15.0 | 28.5 | 6.54 | 90.1 | 52.6 |
1969 | 733 000 | 32 000 | 11 000 | 21 000 | 43.6 | 14.6 | 29.0 | 6.55 | 87.7 | 53.1 |
1970 | 754 000 | 33 000 | 11 000 | 22 000 | 43.7 | 14.3 | 29.4 | 6.55 | 85.4 | 53.6 |
1971 | 777 000 | 34 000 | 11 000 | 23 000 | 43.9 | 13.9 | 30.0 | 6.55 | 83.1 | 54.2 |
1972 | 801 000 | 35 000 | 11 000 | 24 000 | 43.9 | 13.5 | 30.4 | 6.55 | 80.8 | 54.8 |
1973 | 825 000 | 36 000 | 11 000 | 26 000 | 44.1 | 13.1 | 30.9 | 6.56 | 78.6 | 55.4 |
1974 | 850 000 | 37 000 | 11 000 | 27 000 | 44.1 | 12.8 | 31.3 | 6.56 | 76.3 | 55.9 |
1975 | 877 000 | 39 000 | 11 000 | 28 000 | 43.9 | 12.4 | 31.5 | 6.54 | 74.2 | 56.5 |
1976 | 902 000 | 39 000 | 11 000 | 28 000 | 43.5 | 12.0 | 31.5 | 6.50 | 72.2 | 57.0 |
1977 | 926 000 | 40 000 | 11 000 | 29 000 | 42.9 | 11.7 | 31.3 | 6.45 | 70.5 | 57.6 |
1978 | 942 000 | 40 000 | 11 000 | 30 000 | 42.3 | 11.3 | 31.0 | 6.38 | 69.0 | 58.1 |
1979 | 957 000 | 39 000 | 11 000 | 29 000 | 41.0 | 11.1 | 29.9 | 6.32 | 67.6 | 58.4 |
1980 | 976 000 | 40 000 | 11 000 | 28 000 | 40.6 | 11.6 | 28.9 | 6.25 | 66.3 | 56.8 |
1981 | 987 000 | 40 000 | 11 000 | 28 000 | 39.7 | 11.4 | 28.4 | 6.16 | 64.9 | 57.1 |
1982 | 1 006 000 | 39 000 | 11 000 | 28 000 | 38.6 | 11.0 | 27.6 | 6.08 | 63.3 | 57.6 |
1983 | 1 033 000 | 40 000 | 11 000 | 29 000 | 38.5 | 10.8 | 27.8 | 6.00 | 61.5 | 58.0 |
1984 | 1 062 000 | 41 000 | 11 000 | 30 000 | 38.5 | 10.4 | 28.1 | 5.93 | 59.5 | 58.5 |
1985 | 1 093 000 | 42 000 | 11 000 | 31 000 | 38.5 | 10.1 | 28.3 | 5.85 | 57.3 | 59.0 |
1986 | 1 128 000 | 43 000 | 11 000 | 32 000 | 38.5 | 9.8 | 28.7 | 5.77 | 55.0 | 59.6 |
1987 | 1 165 000 | 45 000 | 11 000 | 34 000 | 38.7 | 9.5 | 29.2 | 5.67 | 52.8 | 60.2 |
1988 | 1 208 000 | 47 000 | 11 000 | 36 000 | 38.9 | 9.4 | 29.5 | 5.58 | 51.0 | 60.2 |
1989 | 1 288 000 | 49 000 | 10 000 | 39 000 | 39.3 | 8.4 | 30.9 | 5.47 | 49.2 | 62.6 |
1990 | 1 369 000 | 55 000 | 11 000 | 44 000 | 40.6 | 8.3 | 32.2 | 5.32 | 48.0 | 62.5 |
1991 | 1 416 000 | 57 000 | 12 000 | 45 000 | 40.1 | 8.4 | 31.6 | 5.23 | 47.0 | 62.1 |
1992 | 1 462 000 | 57 000 | 13 000 | 45 000 | 39.1 | 8.6 | 30.5 | 5.07 | 46.4 | 61.5 |
1993 | 1 510 000 | 57 000 | 13 000 | 44 000 | 37.8 | 8.8 | 29.1 | 4.89 | 46.1 | 60.9 |
1994 | 1 558 000 | 57 000 | 14 000 | 42 000 | 36.3 | 9.1 | 27.2 | 4.67 | 46.4 | 59.8 |
1995 | 1 605 000 | 55 000 | 15 000 | 40 000 | 34.6 | 9.5 | 25.1 | 4.43 | 47.2 | 58.6 |
1996 | 1 650 000 | 54 000 | 17 000 | 38 000 | 33.1 | 10.2 | 22.8 | 4.21 | 48.1 | 56.9 |
1997 | 1 693 000 | 55 000 | 18 000 | 37 000 | 32.6 | 10.8 | 21.8 | 4.15 | 48.9 | 55.6 |
1998 | 1 736 000 | 56 000 | 20 000 | 36 000 | 32.6 | 11.6 | 21.0 | 4.15 | 49.5 | 54.1 |
1999 | 1 778 000 | 57 000 | 22 000 | 36 000 | 32.3 | 12.1 | 20.1 | 4.11 | 49.8 | 53.0 |
2000 | 1 819 000 | 57 000 | 23 000 | 34 000 | 31.4 | 12.7 | 18.7 | 3.98 | 49.8 | 52.0 |
2001 | 1 856 000 | 56 000 | 24 000 | 32 000 | 30.4 | 13.1 | 17.3 | 3.83 | 49.7 | 51.3 |
2002 | 1 889 000 | 56 000 | 25 000 | 31 000 | 29.7 | 13.1 | 16.6 | 3.72 | 49.1 | 51.3 |
2003 | 1 915 000 | 56 000 | 25 000 | 31 000 | 29.2 | 13.2 | 15.9 | 3.62 | 49.0 | 51.1 |
2004 | 1 939 000 | 56 000 | 26 000 | 31 000 | 29.0 | 13.2 | 15.8 | 3.58 | 48.9 | 51.2 |
2005 | 1 963 000 | 57 000 | 25 000 | 32 000 | 29.0 | 13.0 | 16.1 | 3.56 | 46.8 | 51.8 |
2006 | 1 987 000 | 58 000 | 25 000 | 33 000 | 29.0 | 12.5 | 16.5 | 3.54 | 43.9 | 52.7 |
2007 | 2 011 000 | 59 000 | 24 000 | 35 000 | 29.3 | 12.0 | 17.2 | 3.55 | 41.2 | 53.7 |
2008 | 2 039 000 | 61 000 | 24 000 | 37 000 | 29.7 | 11.6 | 18.1 | 3.59 | 38.1 | 54.7 |
2009 | 2 068 000 | 62 000 | 23 000 | 39 000 | 30.1 | 11.2 | 18.9 | 3.61 | 36.2 | 55.5 |
2010 | 2 099 000 | 64 000 | 23 000 | 41 000 | 30.4 | 11.1 | 19.4 | 3.63 | 34.3 | 56.0 |
2011 | 2 132 000 | 66 000 | 23 000 | 43 000 | 30.8 | 10.9 | 19.9 | 3.66 | 34.6 | 56.6 |
2012 | 2 167 000 | 67 000 | 23 000 | 45 000 | 31.1 | 10.4 | 20.7 | 3.68 | 35.0 | 57.6 |
2013 | 2 205 000 | 68 000 | 22 000 | 46 000 | 30.9 | 9.9 | 21.0 | 3.65 | 34.2 | 58.7 |
2014 | 2 243 000 | 69 000 | 21 000 | 48 000 | 30.7 | 9.4 | 21.3 | 3.64 | 33.5 | 59.8 |
2015 | 2 283 000 | 70 000 | 21 000 | 49 000 | 30.4 | 9.1 | 21.3 | 3.60 | 33.4 | 60.7 |
2016 | 2 323 000 | 70 000 | 20 000 | 50 000 | 30.1 | 8.7 | 21.4 | 3.57 | 32.5 | 61.7 |
2017 | 2 365 000 | 70 000 | 20 000 | 50 000 | 29.5 | 8.5 | 21.0 | 3.51 | 31.6 | 62.3 |
2018 | 2 406 000 | 70 000 | 20 000 | 50 000 | 29.0 | 8.4 | 20.6 | 3.46 | 31.0 | 62.6 |
2019 | 2 447 000 | 70 000 | 20 000 | 49 000 | 28.4 | 8.2 | 20.2 | 3.40 | 29.8 | 63.1 |
2020 | 2 688 000 | 76 000 | 21 000 | 55 000 | 27.7 | 7.5 | 20.2 | 3.35 | 29.5 | 64.1 |
2021 | 2 770 000 | 76 000 | 26 000 | 50 000 | 27.0 | 9.2 | 17.8 | 3.30 | 28.7 | 60.9 |
2022 | 2 851 000 | 76 000 | 22 000 | 55 000 | 27.9 | 7.5 | 18.9 | 3.25 | 28.7 | 64.2 |
2023 | 2 928 000 | 77 000 | 18 000 | 58 000 | 25.9 | 6.2 | 19.7 | 3.21 | 27.2 | 67.4 |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (followed by wanted fertility rate in brackets) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): [10]
Year | Total | Urban | Rural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CBR | TFR | CBR | TFR | CBR | TFR | |
1992 | 42 | 5.4 (4.8) | 43 | 4.0 (3.4) | 42 | 6.3 (5.8) |
2000 | 30.5 | 4.2 (3.4) | 29.9 | 3.1 (2.4) | 30.8 | 5.1 (4.2) |
2006–2007 | 29.2 | 3.6 (2.7) | 28.8 | 2.8 (2.2) | 29.6 | 4.3 (3.3) |
2013 | 29.5 | 3.6 (2.9) | 30.0 | 2.9 (2.4) | 29.3 | 4.7 (3.5) |
Fertility data as of 2013 (DHS Program): [11]
Region | Total fertility rate | Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant | Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49 |
---|---|---|---|
Zambezi | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.4 |
Erongo | 2.9 | 6.1 | 3.3 |
Hardap | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.4 |
Karas | 3.4 | 6.4 | 3.4 |
Kavango | 4.6 | 6.8 | 5.4 |
Khomas | 2.6 | 6.4 | 2.7 |
Kunene | 4.5 | 8.5 | 4.6 |
Ohangwena | 5.3 | 9.8 | 5.2 |
Omaheke | 4.6 | 8.6 | 4.2 |
Omusati | 4.2 | 6.3 | 3.6 |
Oshana | 2.7 | 6.2 | 3.1 |
Oshikoto | 4.2 | 5.7 | 4.0 |
Otjozondjupa | 4.1 | 5.4 | 4.0 |
Life expectancy from 1950 to 2015 (UN World Population Prospects): [12]
Period | Life expectancy in Years |
---|---|
1950–1955 | 41.75 |
1955–1960 | 45.27 |
1960–1965 | 48.43 |
1965–1970 | 51.20 |
1970–1975 | 53.52 |
1975–1980 | 56.63 |
1980–1985 | 58.34 |
1985–1990 | 60.67 |
1990–1995 | 61.52 |
1995–2000 | 58.11 |
2000–2005 | 53.83 |
2005–2010 | 54.98 |
2010–2015 | 61.75 |
Namibia has many ethnic groups. The 9 main ethnic groups are:
The majority of the Namibian population is of Bantu-speaking origin—mostly of the Ovambo ethnicity, which forms about half of the population—residing mainly in the north of the country, although many are now resident in towns throughout Namibia. They also include the Lozi people and Kavango people. Other ethnic groups are the Herero and Himba people, who speak a similar language, and the Damara, who speak the same "click" language as the Nama. As of 2022 [update] Herero and Nama peoples make up less than 10% of the population, but at the beginning of the 20th century and before the Herero and Namaqua Genocide, they made up a majority. [15]
In addition to the Bantu majority, there are large groups of San, who are descendants of the original culture of Southern Africa, as well as Nama who are descendants of the above as well as mixed with colonists. They often speak Khoekhoegowab. The country also contains some descendants of refugees from Angola. There are also two smaller groups of people with mixed racial origins, called "Coloureds" and "Basters", who together make up 8.0% (with the Coloureds outnumbering the Basters two to one). There is a substantial Chinese minority in Namibia; it stood at 40,000 in 2006. [16]
Whites (mainly of Afrikaner, German, British and Portuguese origin) make up between 4.0 and 7.0% of the population. Although their proportion of the population decreased after independence due to emigration and lower birth rates, they still form the second-largest population of European ancestry, both in terms of percentage and actual numbers, in Sub-Saharan Africa (after South Africa/Angola). [17] The majority of Namibian whites and nearly all those who are of mixed race, speak Afrikaans and share similar origins, culture, and religion as the white and coloured populations of South Africa. A large minority of whites (around 30,000) trace their family origins back to the German settlers who colonised Namibia prior to the British confiscation of German lands after World War I, and they maintain German cultural and educational institutions. Nearly all Portuguese settlers came to the country from the former Portuguese colony of Angola. [18] The 1960 census reported 526,004 persons in what was then South West Africa, including 73,464 whites (14%). [19]
Missionary work during the 19th century drew many Namibians to Christianity, especially Lutheranism. While most Namibian Christians are Lutheran, there also are Roman Catholic, Methodist, Anglican, African Methodist Episcopal, and Dutch Reformed Christians represented.
Demographic features of the population of Angola include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
Demographic features of the population of Equatorial Guinea include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
The demographics of Ethiopia encompass the demographic features of inhabitants in Ethiopia, including ethnicity, languages, population density, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Demographic features of the population of Mali include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the east and south. Although it does not border Zimbabwe, less than 200 metres of the Botswanan right bank of the Zambezi River separates the two countries. Its capital and largest city is Windhoek.
Demographic features of the population of Zimbabwe include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Hizbul Isl
Demographic features of the population of Zambia include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and others aspects of the population.
South West Africa was a territory under South African administration from 1915 to 1966, and under South African occupation from 1966 to 1990. Renamed Namibia by the United Nations in 1968, it became independent under this name on 21 March 1990.
The history of Namibia has passed through several distinct stages from being colonised in the late nineteenth century to Namibia's independence on 21 March 1990.
According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions. With a majority being Black Africans. The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.
Khoekhoe are the traditionally nomadic pastoralist indigenous population of South Africa. They are often grouped with the hunter-gatherer San peoples. The accepted term for the two people being Khoisan. The designation "Khoekhoe" is actually a kare or praise address, not an ethnic endonym, but it has been used in the literature as an ethnic term for Khoe-speaking peoples of Southern Africa, particularly pastoralist groups, such as the Griqua, Gona, Nama, Khoemana and Damara nations. The Khoekhoe were once known as Hottentots, a term now considered offensive.
The culture of Angola is influenced by the Portuguese. Portugal occupied the coastal enclave Luanda, and later also Benguela, since the 16th/17th centuries, and expanded into the territory of what is now Angola in the 19th/20th centuries, ruling it until 1975. Both countries share prevailing cultural aspects: the Portuguese language and Roman Catholicism. However, present-day Angolan culture is mostly native Bantu, which was mixed with Portuguese culture. The diverse ethnic communities with their own cultural traits, traditions and native languages or dialects include the Ovimbundu, Ambundu, Bakongo, Chokwe, Avambo and other peoples.
The Ovambo people, also called Aawambo, Ambo, Aawambo, or Ovawambo (Kwanyama), are a Bantu ethnic group native to Southern Africa, primarily modern Namibia. They are the single largest ethnic group in Namibia, accounting for about half of the population. Despite concerted efforts from Christian missionaries to wipe out what were believed to be 'pagan practices', they have retained many aspects of their cultural practices. They are also found in the southern Angolan province of Cunene, where they are more commonly referred to as "Ambo". The Ovambo consist of a number of kindred Bantu ethnic tribes who inhabit what was formerly called Ovamboland. In Angola, they are a minority, accounting for about two percent of the total Angolan population.
The Basters are a Southern African ethnic group descended from Cape Coloureds and Nama of Khoisan origin. Since the second half of the 19th century, the Rehoboth Baster community has been concentrated in central Namibia, in and around the town of Rehoboth. Basters are closely related to Afrikaners, Cape Coloureds, and Griquas of South Africa and Namibia, with whom they share a largely Afrikaner-influenced culture and Afrikaans language. Other groups of similar mixed ethnic origin, living chiefly in the Northern Cape, also refer to themselves as Basters.
The Namibian Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) is the public broadcaster of Namibia. It was established in 1979, under the name South West African Broadcasting Corporation (SWABC).
The Ovambo language is a dialect cluster spoken by the Ovambo people in southern Angola and northern Namibia, of which the written standards are Kwanyama and Ndonga.
The Turnhalle Constitutional Conference was a conference held in Windhoek between 1975 and 1977, tasked with the development of a constitution for a self-governed South West Africa (Namibia) under South African control. Sponsored by the South African government, the Turnhalle Conference laid the framework for the government of South West Africa from 1977 to independence in 1989.
The people of the country called Botswana are all referred to as Batswana(pl)/ Motswana(s) in reference to the country name or the land they all hail from, that is regardless of ethnicity, language, skin colour or heritage.
Witvlei is a village in the Okarukambe Constituency in the Omaheke Region of central-eastern Namibia. It is known for its meat production and had a population of 2,633 people in 2023.
Culture in Namibia is a blend of many different people and its culture and customs have absorbed both African and European elements and fused them into a blend of the two. Although the country is urbanising rapidly, a majority of Namibians still live in rural areas and lead largely impoverished lives. It is among these people, however, that cultural tradition survive most strongly.
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