List of countries by population growth rate

Last updated January 27, 2025

Population growth rate for 2023 by Our World in Data Population-growth-rate-2023-OWID.png — Population growth rate for 2023 by Our World in Data

This article includes a table of annual population growth rate for countries and subnational areas.

Methodology

The table below shows annual population growth rate history and projections for various areas, countries, regions and sub-regions from various sources for various time periods.

The right-most column shows a projection for the time period shown using the medium fertility variant. Preceding columns show actual history. The number shown is the average annual growth rate for the period.

Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship—except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of the country of origin. This means that population growth in this table includes net changes from immigration and emigration. For a table of natural increase, see List of countries by rate of natural increase.

Table

Asterisk (*) indicates "Demographics of Country or Territory" links.

Country (or territory)	CIA^[2]^[3] 2023–2024		WB^[4] 2023	UN^[5] 2005–10	UN^[5] 2010–15	UN^[5] 2015–20
Country (or territory)	(%)	Year	WB^[4] 2023	UN^[5] 2005–10	UN^[5] 2010–15	UN^[5] 2015–20
World	1.17		0.9	1.23	1.19	1.09
Afghanistan	2.22	2024	2.7	2.78	3.16	2.41
Albania *	0.16	2024	-1.1	-0.92	-0.12	0.13
Algeria *	1.54	2024	1.6	1.63	1.98	1.67
Andorra *	-0.12	2024	0.3	1.37	-1.59	-0.21
Angola *	3.33	2024	3.0	3.57	3.52	3.28
Antigua and Barbuda *	1.11	2024	0.6	1.18	1.08	1.01
Argentina *	0.79	2024	0.9	1.04	1.04	0.94
Armenia *	-0.42	2024	-0.1	-0.71	0.27	0.15
Australia *	1.13	2024	2.4	1.78	1.46	1.30
Austria *	0.30	2024	1.0	0.38	0.53	0.24
Azerbaijan *	0.43	2024	-0.3	1.13	1.26	0.98
Bahamas *	1.07	2024	0.6	1.83	1.39	1.01
Bahrain *	0.82	2024	0.9	6.67	2.01	4.26
Bangladesh *	0.89	2024	1.0	1.18	1.16	1.04
Barbados *	0.23	2024	0.1	0.40	0.33	0.24
Belarus *	-0.42	2024	-0.5	-0.31	0.03	-0.15
Belgium *	0.53	2024	1.2	0.73	0.63	0.58
Belize *	1.47	2024	1.4	2.54	2.22	2.05
Benin *	3.29	2024	2.7	2.84	2.79	2.73
Bhutan *	0.95	2024	0.6	2.05	1.58	1.18
Bolivia *	1.00	2024	1.3	1.67	1.56	1.47
Bosnia and Herzegovina *	-0.25	2024	-0.7	-0.32	-1.03	-0.22
Botswana *	1.34	2024	1.7	1.64	1.84	1.79
Brazil *	0.61	2024	0.5	1.03	0.91	0.63
Brunei *	1.40	2024	0.8	1.25	1.43	1.25
Bulgaria *	-0.66	2024	-0.5	-0.74	-0.62	-0.67
Burkina Faso *	2.40	2024	2.5	3.01	2.98	2.87
Myanmar *	0.71	2024	0.7	0.68	0.88	0.90
Burundi *	2.81	2023	2.7	3.33	3.03	3.15
Cape Verde *	1.16	2024	0.9			1.25
Cambodia *	0.99	2024	1.0	1.51	1.62	1.49
Cameroon *	2.71	2024	2.6	2.73	2.68	2.56
Canada *	0.71	2024	2.9	1.13	1.02	0.90
Central African Republic *	1.76	2024	2.9	1.50	0.43	1.58
Chad *	3.01	2024	3.1	3.32	3.29	3.01
Chile *	0.63	2023	0.1	1.02	0.89	0.78
China * ^[a]	0.18	2023	-0.1	0.57	0.54	0.39
Colombia *	0.54	2023	0.4	1.18	0.98	0.81
Comoros * ^[b]	1.34	2023	1.8	2.40	2.40	2.24
DR Congo *	3.13	2023	3.2	3.28	3.33	3.22
Congo *	2.33	2023	2.3	2.98	2.60	2.59
Costa Rica *	0.98	2023	0.6	1.35	1.12	0.96
Ivory Coast *	2.16	2023	2.5	2.13	2.49	2.49
Croatia *	-0.47	2023	-0.1	-0.23	-0.43	-0.58
Cuba *	-0.19	2023	-0.2	0.09	0.23	0.06
Cyprus *	1.00	2023	0.7	1.59	0.85	0.78
Czech Republic *	0.00	2023	1.9	0.54	0.13	0.06
Denmark *	0.44	2023	0.7	0.49	0.48	0.38
Djibouti *	1.93	2023	1.4	1.66	1.72	1.51
Dominica *	0.02	2023	0.4	0.23	0.48	0.51
Dominican Republic *	0.88	2023	0.9	1.38	1.24	1.07
Ecuador *	1.10	2023	1.0	1.67	1.56	1.42
Egypt *	1.59	2023	1.5	1.82	2.18	1.87
El Salvador *	0.46	2023	0.4	0.45	0.47	0.52
Equatorial Guinea *	3.36	2023	2.3	4.56	4.24	3.59
Eritrea *	1.08	2023	1.7	2.02	1.98	2.28
Estonia *	-0.74	2023	1.3	-0.35	-0.25	-0.23
Eswatini (Swaziland) *	0.72	2023	0.8	1.68	1.84	1.75
Ethiopia *	2.42	2023	2.5	2.67	2.60	2.43
Fiji *	0.42	2023	0.7	0.91	0.74	0.72
Finland *	0.22	2023	0.5	0.40	0.43	0.36
France * ^[c]	0.31	2023	0.3	0.58	0.45	0.39
Gabon *	2.39	2023	2.0	3.12	3.26	2.17
Gambia *	2.23	2023	2.5	3.17	3.12	2.93
Georgia *	0.01	2023	1.3	-1.17	-1.37	-0.27
Germany *	-0.12	2023	0.8	-0.19	0.20	0.20
Ghana *	2.19	2023	1.9	2.58	2.36	2.16
Greece *	-0.35	2023	-0.6	0.26	-0.40	-0.21
Grenada *	0.29	2023	0.6	0.33	0.41	0.46
Guatemala *	1.54	2023	1.4	2.22	2.10	1.94
Guinea *	2.75	2023	2.4	2.18	2.27	2.57
Guinea-Bissau *	2.54	2023	2.1	2.39	2.59	2.44
Guyana *	0.28	2023	0.6	-0.12	0.58	0.57
Haiti *	1.18	2023	1.2	1.53	1.38	1.20
Honduras *	1.16	2023	1.5	2.11	1.79	1.63
Hungary *	-0.31	2023	-0.6	-0.32	-0.29	-0.34
Iceland *	0.89	2023	3.0	1.65	0.61	0.77
India *	0.70	2023	0.8	1.46	1.23	1.10
Indonesia *	0.76	2023	0.7	1.35	1.25	1.05
Iran *	0.93	2023	0.7	1.14	1.25	1.04
Iraq *	1.94	2023	2.2	2.60	3.21	2.78
Ireland *	0.91	2023	2.6	1.87	0.31	0.78
Israel *	1.43	2023	2.1	2.35	1.65	1.55
Italy *	-0.11	2023	-0.3	0.31	-0.08	-0.13
Jamaica *	0.09	2023	-0.1	0.52	0.39	0.29
Japan *	-0.41	2023	-0.5	0.03	-0.09	-0.23
Jordan *	0.79	2023	0.5	4.57	4.86	2.17
Kazakhstan *	0.73	2023	1.3	1.07	1.58	1.13
Kenya *	2.09	2023	2.0	2.74	2.66	2.49
Kiribati *	1.02	2023	1.7	2.12	1.82	1.71
North Korea *	0.44	2023	0.4	0.34	0.42	0.47
South Korea *	0.23	2023	0.1	0.57	0.52	0.36
Kuwait *	1.13	2023	1.0	5.51	5.44	1.78
Kyrgyzstan *	0.82	2023	1.8	1.32	1.57	1.44
Laos *	1.30	2023	1.4	1.64	1.30	1.45
Latvia *	-1.13	2023	0.1	-1.22	-1.30	-1.03
Lebanon *	0.64	2023	-2.5	1.68	5.99	0.57
Lesotho *	0.76	2023	1.1	0.91	1.27	1.31
Liberia *	2.71	2023	2.2	3.82	2.62	2.52
Libya *	1.54	2023	1.1	1.26	0.21	1.33
Liechtenstein *	0.70	2023	0.7	0.65	0.76	0.65
Lithuania *	-1.04	2023	1.4	-1.36	-1.27	-0.55
Luxembourg *	1.58	2023	2.3	2.08	2.19	1.27
Madagascar *	2.22	2023	2.4	2.86	2.72	2.67
Malawi *	2.28	2023	2.5	3.02	2.95	2.87
Malaysia *	1.01	2023	1.1	1.83	1.78	1.35
Maldives *	-0.17	2023	-0.5	2.68	2.76	1.85
Mali *	2.93	2023	3.1	3.27	2.95	2.99
Malta *	0.59	2023	4.1	0.45	0.55	0.31
Marshall Islands *	1.30	2023	1.0	-0.04	0.14	0.10
Mauritania *	1.96	2023	2.6	2.85	2.95	2.69
Mauritius *	0.09	2023	-0.1	0.42	0.18	0.23
Mexico *	0.61	2023	0.7	1.57	1.41	1.23
Micronesia *	-0.70	2023	0.9	-0.49	0.16	0.63
Moldova *	-1.14	2023	-2.1	-0.36	-0.09	-0.24
Monaco *	0.66	2023	-0.5	1.86	0.65	0.51
Mongolia *	0.83	2023	1.4	1.42	1.86	1.50
Montenegro *	-0.43	2023	-0.2	0.26	0.12	0.04
Morocco *	0.88	2023	1.0	1.20	1.43	1.26
Mozambique *	2.55	2023	2.8	2.93	2.91	2.86
Namibia *	1.80	2023	1.4	1.34	2.20	2.12
Nauru *	0.42	2023	0.9	-0.18	2.32	-0.06
Nepal *	0.74	2023	1.1	1.05	1.17	1.09
Netherlands *	0.36	2023	1.0	0.36	0.30	0.29
New Zealand * ^[d]	1.06	2023	2.0	1.10	1.09	0.93
Nicaragua *	0.91	2023	1.4	1.29	1.17	1.07
Niger *	3.66	2023	3.7	3.75	3.84	3.81
Nigeria *	2.53	2023	2.4	2.64	2.67	2.58
North Macedonia *	0.11	2023	-1.1	0.10	0.08	0.08
Norway *	0.79	2023	1.1	1.07	1.25	0.94
Oman *	1.80	2023	1.5	3.83	6.45	4.08
Pakistan *	1.91	2023	2.0	2.05	2.09	1.91
Palau *	0.39	2023	0.0	0.56	0.79	1.06
Panama *	1.51	2023	1.3	1.80	1.71	1.55
Papua New Guinea *	2.31	2023	1.8	2.37	2.16	2.01
Paraguay *	1.12	2023	1.2	1.38	1.34	1.25
Peru *	0.50	2023	0.9	1.24	1.32	1.20
Philippines *	1.58	2023	1.5	1.66	1.64	1.51
Poland *	-0.28	2023	-0.4	-0.02	-0.03	-0.17
Portugal *	-0.17	2023	1.1	0.16	-0.44	-0.39
Qatar *	0.86	2023	0.8	14.93	6.65	2.36
Romania *	-1.01	2023	0.0	-0.95	-0.56	-0.50
Russia *	-0.24	2023	-0.3	-0.07	0.04	0.01
Rwanda *	1.68	2023	2.3	2.61	2.53	2.36
Saint Kitts and Nevis *	0.59	2023	0.2	1.13	1.08	0.91
Saint Lucia *	0.27	2023	0.2	1.06	0.53	0.45
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *	-0.16	2023	-0.2	0.10	0.03	0.24
Samoa *	0.65	2023	1.5	0.69	0.80	0.65
San Marino *	0.59	2023	-0.1	1.24	1.16	0.51
São Tomé and Príncipe *	1.45	2023	1.9	2.32	2.25	2.18
Saudi Arabia *	1.65	2023	1.5	2.75	2.81	1.90
Senegal *	2.52	2023	2.5	2.76	2.96	2.77
Serbia *	-0.63	2023	-0.7	-0.41	-0.40	-0.34
Seychelles *	0.60	2023	-0.1	0.59	0.50	0.50
Sierra Leone *	2.41	2023	2.1	2.65	2.28	2.12
Singapore *	0.90	2023	4.9	2.44	1.74	1.40
Slovakia *	-0.12	2023	-0.1	0.02	0.13	0.04
Slovenia *	-0.08	2023	0.4	0.48	0.29	0.07
Solomon Islands *	1.69	2023	2.2	2.32	2.14	1.94
Somalia *	2.55	2024	3.1	2.93	2.86	2.93
South Africa *	1.07	2024	0.9	1.10	1.39	1.20
South Sudan *	4.65	2024	1.6	4.33	3.32	2.72
Spain *	0.12	2024	1.2	1.21	-0.17	0.03
Sri Lanka *	0.39	2024	-0.7	0.68	0.50	0.35
Sudan *	2.55	2024	2.6	2.13	2.34	2.38
Suriname *	1.07	2024	0.8	1.06	1.01	0.87
Sweden *	0.51	2023	0.5	0.76	0.78	0.72
Switzerland *	0.64	2023	0.8	1.11	1.21	0.83
Syria *	6.39	2023	4.9	2.78	-2.30	0.20
Taiwan *	0.03	2023		0.44	0.33	0.28
Tajikistan *	1.36	2023	1.9	2.18	2.24	2.06
Tanzania *	2.75	2023	2.9	3.14	3.12	3.06
Thailand *	0.20	2023	0.1	0.54	0.43	0.22
Timor-Leste *	2.10	2023	1.4	1.56	2.24	2.14
Togo *	2.45	2023	2.3	2.70	2.63	2.45
Tonga *	-0.30	2023	0.9	0.60	0.42	0.86
Trinidad and Tobago *	0.12	2023	0.3	0.48	0.48	0.26
Tunisia *	0.63	2023	0.8	1.04	1.16	1.09
Turkey *	0.64	2023	0.4	1.26	1.58	1.37
Turkmenistan *	0.95	2023	1.3	1.35	1.80	1.61
Tuvalu *	0.81	2023	0.7	0.99	0.87	0.88
Uganda *	3.22	2023	2.8	3.45	3.37	3.23
Ukraine *	-0.52	2023	-2.7	-0.48	-0.50	-0.49
United Arab Emirates *	0.58	2023	0.8	11.82	2.03	1.39
United Kingdom *	0.49	2023	0.8	0.98	0.65	0.58
United States *	0.68	2023	0.5	0.90	0.72	0.71
Uruguay *	0.27	2023	0.0	0.29	0.34	0.36
Uzbekistan *	0.81	2023	2.1	1.52	1.59	1.41
Vanuatu *	1.59	2023	2.3	2.42	2.26	2.10
Vatican City *	0.00	2014		0.03	0.03	0.08
Venezuela *	2.40	2023	1.9	1.61	1.41	1.26
Vietnam *	0.93	2023	0.7	0.96	1.12	1.00
Western Sahara * (Sahrawi)				1.87	1.83	2.54
Yemen *	1.83	2023	2.2	2.74	2.62	2.33
Zambia *	2.86	2023	2.7	2.78	3.01	2.97
Zimbabwe *	1.95	2023	2.1	1.70	2.27	2.28
Anguilla * (UK)	1.77	2023		1.71	1.19
Aruba * (Netherlands)	1.11	2023	-0.2	0.31	0.45
Bermuda * (UK)	0.32	2023	-0.2	-0.36	-0.62
Caribbean Netherlands				7.49	3.43
Cayman Islands * (UK)	1.79	2023	0.9	2.65	1.55
Channel Islands (UK)^[e]			0.7	0.67	0.51
Christmas Island * (Australia)	1.11	2014
Cook Islands * (NZ)	-2.31	2023		0.89	0.53
Curaçao * (Netherlands)			-1.4	2.63	1.26
Faroe Islands * (Denmark)	0.63	2023	0.3	-0.59	0.33
Falkland Islands *	0.01	2014		0.10	-0.15
Gibraltar * (UK)	0.19	2023	0.1	1.11	0.94
Greenland * (Denmark)	-0.04	2023	0.4	-0.14	-0.13
Guadeloupe * (France)				0.27	0.50
Guam * (US)	0.13	2023	0.7	0.13	1.27
French Guiana *				2.78	2.78
Hong Kong *	0.15	2023	2.6	0.44	0.83
Isle of Man * (UK)	0.48	2023	0.2	0.97	0.80
Kosovo *	0.62	2023	-0.7
Macau *	0.71	2023	1.3	2.66	1.89
Martinique * (France)				-0.12	0.09
Mayotte * (France)				3.17	2.79
Montserrat * (UK)	0.46	2023		0.72	0.68
New Caledonia * (France)	1.17	2023	-0.5	1.49	1.32
Niue * (New Zealand)	-0.03	2023		-0.79	-0.14
Norfolk Island * (Australia)	0.01	2014		0.01
Northern Mariana Islands * (US)	-0.35	2023	0.5	-3.57	0.44
Pitcairn Islands * (UK)	0.00	2014
French Polynesia *	0.70	2023	0.8	1.01	1.07
Puerto Rico * (US)	-1.29	2023	-0.4	-0.28	-0.14
Réunion * (France)				0.96	0.73
Saint Helena and Dependencies * (UK)	0.11	2023		-0.48	-1.04
Saint Pierre and Miquelon * (France)	-1.19	2023		0.05	0.05
American Samoa *	-1.74	2023	-0.8	-1.21	-0.04
Sint Maarten * (Netherlands)	1.19	2023	0.7	0.36	3.13
Svalbard * (Norway)	-0.03	2019
Tokelau * (NZ)	-0.01	2019		-1.28	1.93
Turks and Caicos Islands * (UK)	1.81	2023	0.8	3.17	2.05
British Virgin Islands *	1.87	2023	0.7	3.23	2.02
U.S. Virgin Islands *	-0.49	2023	-0.5	-0.26	-0.02
Wallis and Futuna * (France)	0.23	2023		-0.98	-0.62
West Bank *	1.66	2023
Gaza Strip *	1.99	2023
Palestine			2.4

↑ Mainland only. Excludes SARs and Taiwan
↑ Includes Mayotte
↑ Metropolitan France only
↑ Recent official estimates show a growth rate of 1.00 per annum^[6]
↑ Consists of Jersey and Guernsey

More maps

The population growth rate estimates (according to the United Nations Population Prospects 2019) between 2015 and 2020^[7]
The 20 countries in the world in which the population has declined between 2010 and 2015
Historical population growth rate (1950–1955) estimated by the UN ^[8]

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Population decline, also known as depopulation, is a reduction in a human population size. Throughout history, Earth's total human population has continued to grow; however, current projections suggest that this long-term trend of steady population growth may be coming to an end.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Population growth</span> Increase in the number of individuals in a population

Population growth is the increase in the number of people in a population or dispersed group. The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 8.2 billion in 2025. Actual global human population growth amounts to around 70 million annually, or 0.85% per year. As of 2024, The United Nations projects that global population will peak in the mid-2080s at around 10.3 billion. The UN's estimates have decreased strongly in recent years due to sharp declines in global birth rates. Others have challenged many recent population projections as having underestimated population growth.

In world demographics, the world population is the total number of humans currently alive. It was estimated by the United Nations to have exceeded eight billion in mid-November 2022. It took around 300,000 years of human prehistory and history for the human population to reach a billion and only 218 more years to reach 8 billion.

Earth has a human population of over 8 billion as of 2024, with an overall population density of 50 people per km². Nearly 60% of the world's population lives in Asia, with more than 2.8 billion in the countries of India and China combined. The percentage shares of China, India and rest of South Asia of the world population have remained at similar levels for the last few thousand years of recorded history. The world's literacy rate has increased dramatically in the last 40 years, from 66.7% in 1979 to 86.3% today. Lower literacy levels are mostly attributable to poverty and are found mostly in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa.

Human population projections are attempts to extrapolate how human populations will change in the future. These projections are an important input to forecasts of the population's impact on this planet and humanity's future well-being. Models of population growth take trends in human development and apply projections into the future. These models use trend-based-assumptions about how populations will respond to economic, social and technological forces to understand how they will affect fertility and mortality, and thus population growth.

References

↑ Ritchie, Hannah; Rodés-Guirao, Lucas; Mathieu, Edouard; Gerber, Marcel; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban; Hasell, Joe; Roser, Max (11 July 2023). "Population Growth". Our World in Data. Retrieved 26 January 2025.
↑ "Country Comparisons – Population growth rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
↑ "Field listing – Population growth rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
↑ "Population growth (annual %)". World Bank. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
1 2 3 "File: Population Growth Rate, retrieved 5/20/18". Population Div, World Population Prospects 2017. United Nations. Archived from the original on 2016-09-27.
↑ Statistics New Zealand Archived 2008-02-14 at the Wayback Machine
↑ PNG|[https://population.un.org/wpp/Maps/ Maps
↑ Maps | PNG

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[6] Mainland only. Excludes SARs and Taiwan

[7] Includes Mayotte

[8] Metropolitan France only

[10] Recent official estimates show a growth rate of 1.00 per annum^[6]

[11] Consists of Jersey and Guernsey

[i857-1] Ritchie, Hannah; Rodés-Guirao, Lucas; Mathieu, Edouard; Gerber, Marcel; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban; Hasell, Joe; Roser, Max (11 July 2023). "Population Growth". Our World in Data. Retrieved 26 January 2025.

[2] "Country Comparisons – Population growth rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2024-08-03.

[3] "Field listing – Population growth rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2024-08-03.

[4] "Population growth (annual %)". World Bank. Retrieved 6 August 2024.

[:0-5] 1 2 3 "File: Population Growth Rate, retrieved 5/20/18". Population Div, World Population Prospects 2017. United Nations. Archived from the original on 2016-09-27.

[9] Statistics New Zealand Archived 2008-02-14 at the Wayback Machine

[12] PNG|[https://population.un.org/wpp/Maps/ Maps

[13] Maps | PNG

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v t e Population
Major topics	Demographics of the world Demographic transition Estimates of historical world population Population growth Population momentum Projections of population growth World population
Population biology	Population decline Population density Physiological density Population dynamics Population model Population pyramid
Population ecology	Biocapacity Carrying capacity I = P × A × T Kaya identity Malthusian growth model Overshoot (population) World3 model
Society and population	Eugenics Dysgenics Human overpopulation Malthusian catastrophe Human population planning Compulsory sterilization Family planning One-child policy Two-child policy Overconsumption Political demography Population ethics Antinatalism Mere addition paradox Natalism Non-identity problem Reproductive rights Sustainable population Zero population growth
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Related topics	Bennett's law Green Revolution Human impact on the environment Migration Sustainability
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